Penny (English Wikipedia)

Scott (1964), p. 40. Scott, Martin (1964), Medieval Europe, New York: Dorset Press, ISBN 0-88029-115-X {{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help).
Mother Goose's Chimes, Rhymes, & Melodies, H.B. Ashmead, c. 1861, archived from the original on 9 January 2012, retrieved 14 November 2009.

bmagic.org.uk

Severn Internet Services – www.severninternet.co.uk. "Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery Information Centre". BMAGiC. Archived from the original on 2012-02-21. Retrieved 2011-12-22.

books.google.com

Vennemann, Theo (2013). "Ne'er-a-Face: A Note on the Etymology of Penny, with an Appendix on the Etymology of Pane". In Patrizia Noel Aziz Hanna (ed.). Germania Semitica. Trends in Linguistics: Studies and Monographs, No. 259. Walter de Gruyter. p. 467. ISBN 978-3-11-030109-0. Archived from the original on 2017-02-25. Retrieved 2016-02-08..
Allen (2009). Allen, Larry (2009), "Carolingian Reform", The Encyclopedia of Money, Sta. Barbara: ABC Clio, pp. 59–60, ISBN 978-1-59884-251-7.
Chown (1994), p. 23. Chown, John F (1994), A History of Money from AD 800, London: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-10279-0.
Ferguson (1974), "Pound". Ferguson, Wallace K. (1974), "Money and Coinage of the Age of Erasmus: An Historical and Analytical Glossary with Particular Reference to France, the Low Countries, England, the Rhineland, and Italy", The Correspondence of Erasmus: Letters 1 to 141: 1484 to 1500, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, pp. 311–349, ISBN 0-8020-1981-1.
Munro (2012), p. 31. Munro, John H. (2012), "The Technology and Economics of Coinage Debasements in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: With Special Reference to the Low Countries and England", Money in the Pre-Industrial World: Bullion, Debasements, and Coin Substitutes, Pickering & Chatto, republished 2016 by Routledge, pp. 30 ff, ISBN 978-1-84893-230-2.
Cipolla (1993), p. 129. Cipolla, Carlo M. (1993), Before the Industrial Revolution: European Society and Economy, 1000–1700, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 9780203695128.
Frassetto (2003), p. 131. Frassetto, Michael (2003), Encyclopedia of Barbarian Europe: Society in Transformation, Bloomsbury Academic, ISBN 9781576072639.
Suchodolski (1983). Suchodolski, Stanislaw (1983), "On the Rejection of Good Coin in Carolingian Europe", Studies in Numismatic Method: Presented to Philip Grierson, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 147–152, ISBN 0-521-22503-5.
Selgin (2008), p. 16. Selgin, George A. (2008), Good Money: Birmingham Button Makers, the Royal Mint, and the Beginnings of Modern Coinage, 1775–1821, University of Michigan Press, ISBN 978-0-472-11631-7.
Gullbekk, Svein H. (2014), "Vestfold: A Monetary Perspective on the Viking Age", Early Medieval Monetary History: Studies in Memory of Mark Blackburn, Studies in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland, Farnham: Ashgate, p. 343, ISBN 9781409456681, archived from the original on 2016-05-30, retrieved 2016-02-08.

cbc.ca

"Canada's Last Penny Minted". CBC News. Archived from the original on 2012-09-04. Retrieved 2012-08-30..

coinandbullionpages.com

"The Gold Penny", Coin and Bullion Pages, archived from the original on 2016-02-10, retrieved 2016-02-17.

currencyhelp.net

"Currencyhelp.net". Currencyhelp.net. Archived from the original on 2008-05-30. Retrieved 2011-12-22.

forbes.com

Lewis, Mark (5 July 2002). "Ban The Penny". Forbes. Archived from the original on 22 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-07.

nbbmuseum.be

NBB (2006). Islam and the Carolingian Penny, National Bank of Belgium Museum, November 2006.

nytimes.com

"Around the Nation; Treasurer Says Zinc Penny May Save $50 Million a Year", The New York Times, 1 April 1981, archived from the original on 11 April 2012, retrieved 2009-05-07

pennies.org

"Penny History – Americans for Common Cents".

royalmintmuseum.org.uk

"The Cartwheel Penny and Twopence of 1797", British Coinage, Royal Mint Museum, retrieved 15 May 2014^{[permanent dead link]}.

samint.co.za

"South African History of Coins". Archived from the original on 2011-11-28. Retrieved 2009-06-03.

scientificamerican.com

"Could a Penny Dropped off a Skyscraper Actually Kill You?". Scientific American.

straightdope.com

Corrado, John (11 October 2001), "What's the Origin of "A Penny for Your Thoughts"?", The Straight Dope, archived from the original on 23 July 2011, retrieved 13 February 2013.

theguardian.com

"Why Winkle and Tuppence are acceptable euphemisms for children". The Guardian. 2017-05-05. Archived from the original on 2022-09-16.

thestar.com

Smith, Joanna (30 March 2012), "Federal Budget 2012: Pennies to Be Withdrawn from Circulation", The Star, Toronto, archived from the original on 6 October 2016, retrieved 8 September 2017{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

usatoday.com

Hagenbaugh, Barbara (10 May 2006), Coins cost more to make than face value, USA Today, archived from the original on 7 March 2009, retrieved 2009-05-07
"What would happen if you were hit by a penny falling from a skyscraper?". USA Today.

usmint.gov

"Timeline", Historian's Corner, Washington: US Mint, archived from the original on 2011-02-25, retrieved 2011-01-30.

web.archive.org

"Canada's Last Penny Minted". CBC News. Archived from the original on 2012-09-04. Retrieved 2012-08-30..
Vennemann, Theo (2013). "Ne'er-a-Face: A Note on the Etymology of Penny, with an Appendix on the Etymology of Pane". In Patrizia Noel Aziz Hanna (ed.). Germania Semitica. Trends in Linguistics: Studies and Monographs, No. 259. Walter de Gruyter. p. 467. ISBN 978-3-11-030109-0. Archived from the original on 2017-02-25. Retrieved 2016-02-08..
"The Gold Penny", Coin and Bullion Pages, archived from the original on 2016-02-10, retrieved 2016-02-17.
"Timeline", Historian's Corner, Washington: US Mint, archived from the original on 2011-02-25, retrieved 2011-01-30.
Severn Internet Services – www.severninternet.co.uk. "Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery Information Centre". BMAGiC. Archived from the original on 2012-02-21. Retrieved 2011-12-22.
"South African History of Coins". Archived from the original on 2011-11-28. Retrieved 2009-06-03.
"Currencyhelp.net". Currencyhelp.net. Archived from the original on 2008-05-30. Retrieved 2011-12-22.
"Around the Nation; Treasurer Says Zinc Penny May Save $50 Million a Year", The New York Times, 1 April 1981, archived from the original on 11 April 2012, retrieved 2009-05-07
Hagenbaugh, Barbara (10 May 2006), Coins cost more to make than face value, USA Today, archived from the original on 7 March 2009, retrieved 2009-05-07
Smith, Joanna (30 March 2012), "Federal Budget 2012: Pennies to Be Withdrawn from Circulation", The Star, Toronto, archived from the original on 6 October 2016, retrieved 8 September 2017{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Lewis, Mark (5 July 2002). "Ban The Penny". Forbes. Archived from the original on 22 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
Mother Goose's Chimes, Rhymes, & Melodies, H.B. Ashmead, c. 1861, archived from the original on 9 January 2012, retrieved 14 November 2009.
Corrado, John (11 October 2001), "What's the Origin of "A Penny for Your Thoughts"?", The Straight Dope, archived from the original on 23 July 2011, retrieved 13 February 2013.
"Why Winkle and Tuppence are acceptable euphemisms for children". The Guardian. 2017-05-05. Archived from the original on 2022-09-16.
Gullbekk, Svein H. (2014), "Vestfold: A Monetary Perspective on the Viking Age", Early Medieval Monetary History: Studies in Memory of Mark Blackburn, Studies in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland, Farnham: Ashgate, p. 343, ISBN 9781409456681, archived from the original on 2016-05-30, retrieved 2016-02-08.

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org

EB (1911). Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Penny" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 115–116.