Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Pentylenetetrazol" in English language version.
Preliminary evidence that reducing GABAergic transmission induces anxiety came from the early use of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) a convulsant drug used to induce seizures in the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders before the discovery of ECT. During its use dose titration was difficult, in many cases too little was given and no seizure was caused. This, however, produced a severely anxious state, leading to patients feeling 'as if they were going to die', and trying (often successfully) to escape from the clinic. Memory of this anxiety was extremely strong resulting in resistance to return to therapy and it was later shown that PTZ acts as an antagonist GABAA receptor.
Preliminary evidence that reducing GABAergic transmission induces anxiety came from the early use of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) a convulsant drug used to induce seizures in the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders before the discovery of ECT. During its use dose titration was difficult, in many cases too little was given and no seizure was caused. This, however, produced a severely anxious state, leading to patients feeling 'as if they were going to die', and trying (often successfully) to escape from the clinic. Memory of this anxiety was extremely strong resulting in resistance to return to therapy and it was later shown that PTZ acts as an antagonist GABAA receptor.
