Nutter, E.; Meyer, S.; Shaw-Battista, J.; Marowitz, A. (2014). "Waterbirth: an integrative analysis of peer-reviewed literature". Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health. 59 (3): 286–319. doi:10.1111/jmwh.12194. PMID24850284. Another popular method of perineal tearing prevention are childbirth exercisers such as Aniball or Epi-No. There are currently ongoing studies supporting their effectiveness.
Frankman, Elizabeth A.; Wang, Li; Bunker, Clareann H.; Lowder, Jerry L. (May 2009). "Episiotomy in the United States: has anything changed?". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 200 (5): 573.e1–573.e7. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2008.11.022. PMID19243733.
Wang, H; Jayasekara, R; Warland, J (12 March 2015). "The effect of "hands on" techniques on obstetric perineal laceration: A structured review of the literature". Women and Birth. 28 (3): 194–8. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2015.02.006. PMID25773668.
Nutter, E.; Meyer, S.; Shaw-Battista, J.; Marowitz, A. (2014). "Waterbirth: an integrative analysis of peer-reviewed literature". Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health. 59 (3): 286–319. doi:10.1111/jmwh.12194. PMID24850284. Another popular method of perineal tearing prevention are childbirth exercisers such as Aniball or Epi-No. There are currently ongoing studies supporting their effectiveness.
Fines M, Donnelly V, Behan M, O'Connell PR, O'Herlihy C (1999). "Effect of second vaginal delivery on anorectal physiology and faecal continence: a prospective study". Lancet. 354 (9183): 983–986. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(98)11205-9. PMID10501360. S2CID37825406.
Frankman, Elizabeth A.; Wang, Li; Bunker, Clareann H.; Lowder, Jerry L. (May 2009). "Episiotomy in the United States: has anything changed?". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 200 (5): 573.e1–573.e7. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2008.11.022. PMID19243733.
Seehusen, DA; Raleigh, M (1 March 2014). "Antenatal perineal massage to prevent birth trauma". American Family Physician. 89 (5): 335–6. PMID24695503.
Wang, H; Jayasekara, R; Warland, J (12 March 2015). "The effect of "hands on" techniques on obstetric perineal laceration: A structured review of the literature". Women and Birth. 28 (3): 194–8. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2015.02.006. PMID25773668.
Nutter, E.; Meyer, S.; Shaw-Battista, J.; Marowitz, A. (2014). "Waterbirth: an integrative analysis of peer-reviewed literature". Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health. 59 (3): 286–319. doi:10.1111/jmwh.12194. PMID24850284. Another popular method of perineal tearing prevention are childbirth exercisers such as Aniball or Epi-No. There are currently ongoing studies supporting their effectiveness.
Fines M, Donnelly V, Behan M, O'Connell PR, O'Herlihy C (1999). "Effect of second vaginal delivery on anorectal physiology and faecal continence: a prospective study". Lancet. 354 (9183): 983–986. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(98)11205-9. PMID10501360. S2CID37825406.
Fines M, Donnelly V, Behan M, O'Connell PR, O'Herlihy C (1999). "Effect of second vaginal delivery on anorectal physiology and faecal continence: a prospective study". Lancet. 354 (9183): 983–986. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(98)11205-9. PMID10501360. S2CID37825406.