Permethrin (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Permethrin" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

21web.archive.org

1^st place

17doi.org

2^nd place

16nih.gov

4^th place

7semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

4books.google.com

3^rd place

4harvard.edu

18^th place

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4epa.gov

882^nd place

600^th place

3orst.edu

low place

8,860^th place

3consumerreports.org

4,720^th place

2,843^rd place

2handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

2cdc.gov

218^th place

212^th place

2fda.gov

447^th place

338^th place

1canada.ca

1,712^th place

1,063^rd place

1drugs.com

399^th place

333^rd place

1clincalc.com

3,912^th place

2,496^th place

1lexi.com

low place

1markerdb.ca

low place

1mod.uk

836^th place

553^rd place

1army.mil

249^th place

169^th place

1state.ct.us

low place

1worldcat.org

5^th place

1spglobal.com

4,563^rd place

2,868^th place

1espacenet.com

800^th place

676^th place

1lyclear.co.uk

low place

1depecheveterinaire.com

low place

1ca.gov

421^st place

263^rd place

army.mil

"Insect-repelling ACUs now available to all Soldiers". Canadian and United States Army. October 2012. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013.

books.google.com

Keystone JS, Kozarsky PE, Freedman DO, Connor BA (2013). Travel Medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 58. ISBN 978-1-4557-1076-8. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
Zweig G, Sherma J (2013). Synthetic Pyrethroids and Other Pesticides: Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators. Academic Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-1-4832-2090-1. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
Englar RE (2019). Common Clinical Presentations in Dogs and Cats. John Wiley & Sons. p. 333. ISBN 978-1-119-41459-9. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
Page SW (2008). "10: Antiparasitic drugs". In Maddison JE (ed.). Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology. Stephen W. Page, David Church. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 236. ISBN 978-0-7020-2858-8. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017.

ca.gov

cdpr.ca.gov

Imgrund H (28 January 2003). "Environmental Fate of Permethrin" (PDF). Environmental Monitoring Branch, California Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2013.

canada.ca

health-products.canada.ca

"Permethrin Product Information". Health Canada. Retrieved 19 June 2024.

cdc.gov

"How to Use Permethrin". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 18 March 2020. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
"Resources for Health Professionals: Scabies Medications". U.S. CDC. 19 April 2019. Archived from the original on 30 April 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2018.

clincalc.com

"Permethrin - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

consumerreports.org

Jeneen I (26 May 2016). "Can Permethrin Treated Clothing Help You Avoid Mosquito Bites?". Consumer Reports. Archived from the original on 31 May 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
"How to Use Permethrin on Clothing, Safely". Consumer Reports. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
Roberts C (22 October 2018). "Should You Use Natural Tick Prevention for Your Dog or Cat?". Consumer Reports. Consumer Reports Inc. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2018.

depecheveterinaire.com

Bordeau W (January 2009). "Intoxications du chat par la perméthrine: rares mais graves" (PDF). Sciences & Pratique. 1018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 December 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2015.

doi.org

Metcalf RL, Horowitz AR (19 November 2014). "Insect Control, 2. Individual Insecticides". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry: 1–94. doi:10.1002/14356007.s14_s01. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.
Malik R, Ward MP, Seavers A, Fawcett A, Bell E, Govendir M, et al. (January 2010). "Permethrin spot-on intoxication of cats Literature review and survey of veterinary practitioners in Australia". Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 12 (1): 5–14. doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2009.12.002. PMID 20123482. S2CID 1234198.
Usha V, Gopalakrishnan Nair TV (February 2000). "A comparative study of oral ivermectin and topical permethrin cream in the treatment of scabies". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 42 (2 Pt 1) (published February 2000): 236–240. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(00)90131-2. PMID 10642678.
Dhana A, Yen H, Okhovat JP, Cho E, Keum N, Khumalo NP (January 2018). "Ivermectin versus permethrin in the treatment of scabies: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 78 (1) (published January 2018): 194–198. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.09.006. PMID 29241784. S2CID 29398956.
Ian RH (1989). "Aquatic organisms and pyrethroids". Pesticide Science. 27 (4): 429–457. doi:10.1002/ps.2780270408.
Drago B, Shah NS, Shah SH (2014). "Acute permethrin neurotoxicity: Variable presentations, high index of suspicion". Toxicology Reports. 1: 1026–1028. Bibcode:2014ToxR....1.1026D. doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.09.007. PMC 5598406. PMID 28962315.
Ingham PE, McNeil SJ, Sunderland MR (2012). "Functional finishes for wool – Eco considerations". Advanced Materials Research. 441: 33–43. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.441.33. S2CID 136607213.
Nakagawa LE, do Nascimento CM, Costa AR, Polatto R, Papini S (May 2020). "Persistence of indoor permethrin and estimation of dermal and non-dietary exposure". Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology. 30 (3): 547–553. doi:10.1038/s41370-019-0132-7. PMID 30926895. S2CID 85566713.
Berger-Preiess E, Preiess A, Sielaff K, Raabe M, Ilgen B, Levsen K (1997). "The Behaviour of Pyrethroids Indoors: A Model Study". Indoor Air. 7 (4): 248–262. Bibcode:1997InAir...7..248B. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.1997.00004.x.
Boffetta P, Desai V (July 2018). "Exposure to permethrin and cancer risk: a systematic review". Critical Reviews in Toxicology. 48 (6): 433–442. doi:10.1080/10408444.2018.1439449. PMID 29687728. S2CID 26073529.
Tornero-Velez R, Davis J, Scollon EJ, Starr JM, Setzer RW, Goldsmith MR, et al. (November 2012). "A pharmacokinetic model of cis- and trans-permethrin disposition in rats and humans with aggregate exposure application". Toxicological Sciences. 130 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfs236. PMID 22859315. S2CID 20980566.
Dornetshuber J, Bicker W, Lämmerhofer M, Lindner W, Karwan A, Bursch W (14 November 2007). "Impact of stereochemistry on biological effects of permethrin: induction of apoptosis in human hepatoma cells (HCC-1.2) and primary rat hepatocyte cultures". BMC Pharmacology. 7 (Supplement 2): A65. doi:10.1186/1471-2210-7-S2-A65. ISSN 1471-2210. Stereochemistry plays a crucial role in determining the toxicological profile of many chiral xenobiotics, e.g. the insecticidal action of mixtures containing the four stereoisomers of permethrin is essentially brought about by the (1R, cis)- and (1R, trans)-forms.
Oudejans L, Mysz A, Gibb Snyder E, Wyrzykowska-Ceradini B, Nardin J, Tabor D, et al. (October 2020). "Remediating Indoor Pesticide Contamination from Improper Pest Control Treatments: Persistence and Decontamination Studies". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 397: 122743. Bibcode:2020JHzM..39722743O. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122743. PMC 7472880. PMID 32361138.
Elliott M, Farnham AW, Janes NF, Needham PH, Pulman DA, Stevenson JH (November 1973). "A photostable pyrethroid". Nature. 246 (5429): 169–170. Bibcode:1973Natur.246..169E. doi:10.1038/246169a0. PMID 4586114. S2CID 4176154.
Linnett PJ (2008). "Permethrin toxicosis in cats". Australian Veterinary Journal. 86 (1–2): 32–35. doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2007.00198.x. PMID 18271821.
Richardson JA (June 2000). "Permethrin spot-on toxicoses in cats". Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care. 10 (2): 103–106. doi:10.1111/j.1476-4431.2000.tb00006.x.
Dymond NL, Swift IM (June 2008). "Permethrin toxicity in cats: a retrospective study of 20 cases". Australian Veterinary Journal. 86 (6): 219–223. doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2008.00298.x. PMID 18498556.

drugs.com

"Permethrin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.

epa.gov

"Repellent-Treated Clothing". United States Environmental Protection Agency. 15 July 2013. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
Environmental Protection Agency. "Restricted Use Products (RUP) Report: Six Month Summary List". Archived from the original on 11 January 2010. Retrieved 1 December 2009.

nepis.epa.gov

Permethrin Facts. National Service Center for Environmental Publications (NSCEP) (Report). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. June 2006.

www3.epa.gov

Environmental Protection Agency (June 2006). "Permethrin Facts (Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Fact Sheet)" (PDF). epa.gov. EPA Special Review and Reregistration Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.

espacenet.com

worldwide.espacenet.com

US 4229594A, Colby, Thomas H., "Preparation of meta-phenoxytoluene", published 1980-10-21

fda.gov

accessdata.fda.gov

"Permethrin Patient Package Insert" (PDF). FDA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 April 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
"Package Label" (PDF). Alpharma, USPD, Inc. Baltimore. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 April 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2014.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 213. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 978-92-4-154765-9.
World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Drago B, Shah NS, Shah SH (2014). "Acute permethrin neurotoxicity: Variable presentations, high index of suspicion". Toxicology Reports. 1: 1026–1028. Bibcode:2014ToxR....1.1026D. doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.09.007. PMC 5598406. PMID 28962315.
Berger-Preiess E, Preiess A, Sielaff K, Raabe M, Ilgen B, Levsen K (1997). "The Behaviour of Pyrethroids Indoors: A Model Study". Indoor Air. 7 (4): 248–262. Bibcode:1997InAir...7..248B. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.1997.00004.x.
Oudejans L, Mysz A, Gibb Snyder E, Wyrzykowska-Ceradini B, Nardin J, Tabor D, et al. (October 2020). "Remediating Indoor Pesticide Contamination from Improper Pest Control Treatments: Persistence and Decontamination Studies". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 397: 122743. Bibcode:2020JHzM..39722743O. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122743. PMC 7472880. PMID 32361138.
Elliott M, Farnham AW, Janes NF, Needham PH, Pulman DA, Stevenson JH (November 1973). "A photostable pyrethroid". Nature. 246 (5429): 169–170. Bibcode:1973Natur.246..169E. doi:10.1038/246169a0. PMID 4586114. S2CID 4176154.

lexi.com

"Permethrin (Lexi-Drugs)". Lexicomp Online. Wolters Kluwer. Archived from the original on 17 April 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2014.

lyclear.co.uk

"Head Lice Treatments". Lyclear UK. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.

markerdb.ca

"MarkerDB". markerdb.ca. Retrieved 2 January 2024.

mod.uk

army.mod.uk

"What's in the Black Bag?" (PDF). Personal Clothing – British Army Website. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Malik R, Ward MP, Seavers A, Fawcett A, Bell E, Govendir M, et al. (January 2010). "Permethrin spot-on intoxication of cats Literature review and survey of veterinary practitioners in Australia". Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 12 (1): 5–14. doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2009.12.002. PMID 20123482. S2CID 1234198.
Usha V, Gopalakrishnan Nair TV (February 2000). "A comparative study of oral ivermectin and topical permethrin cream in the treatment of scabies". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 42 (2 Pt 1) (published February 2000): 236–240. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(00)90131-2. PMID 10642678.
Dhana A, Yen H, Okhovat JP, Cho E, Keum N, Khumalo NP (January 2018). "Ivermectin versus permethrin in the treatment of scabies: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 78 (1) (published January 2018): 194–198. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.09.006. PMID 29241784. S2CID 29398956.
Drago B, Shah NS, Shah SH (2014). "Acute permethrin neurotoxicity: Variable presentations, high index of suspicion". Toxicology Reports. 1: 1026–1028. Bibcode:2014ToxR....1.1026D. doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.09.007. PMC 5598406. PMID 28962315.
Nakagawa LE, do Nascimento CM, Costa AR, Polatto R, Papini S (May 2020). "Persistence of indoor permethrin and estimation of dermal and non-dietary exposure". Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology. 30 (3): 547–553. doi:10.1038/s41370-019-0132-7. PMID 30926895. S2CID 85566713.
Boffetta P, Desai V (July 2018). "Exposure to permethrin and cancer risk: a systematic review". Critical Reviews in Toxicology. 48 (6): 433–442. doi:10.1080/10408444.2018.1439449. PMID 29687728. S2CID 26073529.
van der Rhee HJ, Farquhar JA, Vermeulen NP (1989). "Efficacy and transdermal absorption of permethrin in scabies patients". Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 69 (2): 170–173. PMID 2564238.
Tornero-Velez R, Davis J, Scollon EJ, Starr JM, Setzer RW, Goldsmith MR, et al. (November 2012). "A pharmacokinetic model of cis- and trans-permethrin disposition in rats and humans with aggregate exposure application". Toxicological Sciences. 130 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfs236. PMID 22859315. S2CID 20980566.
Oudejans L, Mysz A, Gibb Snyder E, Wyrzykowska-Ceradini B, Nardin J, Tabor D, et al. (October 2020). "Remediating Indoor Pesticide Contamination from Improper Pest Control Treatments: Persistence and Decontamination Studies". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 397: 122743. Bibcode:2020JHzM..39722743O. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122743. PMC 7472880. PMID 32361138.
Elliott M, Farnham AW, Janes NF, Needham PH, Pulman DA, Stevenson JH (November 1973). "A photostable pyrethroid". Nature. 246 (5429): 169–170. Bibcode:1973Natur.246..169E. doi:10.1038/246169a0. PMID 4586114. S2CID 4176154.
Linnett PJ (2008). "Permethrin toxicosis in cats". Australian Veterinary Journal. 86 (1–2): 32–35. doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2007.00198.x. PMID 18271821.
Dymond NL, Swift IM (June 2008). "Permethrin toxicity in cats: a retrospective study of 20 cases". Australian Veterinary Journal. 86 (6): 219–223. doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2008.00298.x. PMID 18498556.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Drago B, Shah NS, Shah SH (2014). "Acute permethrin neurotoxicity: Variable presentations, high index of suspicion". Toxicology Reports. 1: 1026–1028. Bibcode:2014ToxR....1.1026D. doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.09.007. PMC 5598406. PMID 28962315.
Oudejans L, Mysz A, Gibb Snyder E, Wyrzykowska-Ceradini B, Nardin J, Tabor D, et al. (October 2020). "Remediating Indoor Pesticide Contamination from Improper Pest Control Treatments: Persistence and Decontamination Studies". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 397: 122743. Bibcode:2020JHzM..39722743O. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122743. PMC 7472880. PMID 32361138.

dailymed.nlm.nih.gov

"Permethrin Cream, 5%*". dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2 January 2024.

pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

"Permethrin". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. PubChem. Archived from the original on 28 June 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2020.

orst.edu

npic.orst.edu

"Permethrin General Fact Sheet". npic.orst.edu. Archived from the original on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
"Permethrin". National Pesticide Information Center. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
"Pesticide Half-life". National Pesticide Information Center. May 2015. Retrieved 11 September 2023.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Malik R, Ward MP, Seavers A, Fawcett A, Bell E, Govendir M, et al. (January 2010). "Permethrin spot-on intoxication of cats Literature review and survey of veterinary practitioners in Australia". Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 12 (1): 5–14. doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2009.12.002. PMID 20123482. S2CID 1234198.
Dhana A, Yen H, Okhovat JP, Cho E, Keum N, Khumalo NP (January 2018). "Ivermectin versus permethrin in the treatment of scabies: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 78 (1) (published January 2018): 194–198. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.09.006. PMID 29241784. S2CID 29398956.
Ingham PE, McNeil SJ, Sunderland MR (2012). "Functional finishes for wool – Eco considerations". Advanced Materials Research. 441: 33–43. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.441.33. S2CID 136607213.
Nakagawa LE, do Nascimento CM, Costa AR, Polatto R, Papini S (May 2020). "Persistence of indoor permethrin and estimation of dermal and non-dietary exposure". Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology. 30 (3): 547–553. doi:10.1038/s41370-019-0132-7. PMID 30926895. S2CID 85566713.
Boffetta P, Desai V (July 2018). "Exposure to permethrin and cancer risk: a systematic review". Critical Reviews in Toxicology. 48 (6): 433–442. doi:10.1080/10408444.2018.1439449. PMID 29687728. S2CID 26073529.
Tornero-Velez R, Davis J, Scollon EJ, Starr JM, Setzer RW, Goldsmith MR, et al. (November 2012). "A pharmacokinetic model of cis- and trans-permethrin disposition in rats and humans with aggregate exposure application". Toxicological Sciences. 130 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfs236. PMID 22859315. S2CID 20980566.
Elliott M, Farnham AW, Janes NF, Needham PH, Pulman DA, Stevenson JH (November 1973). "A photostable pyrethroid". Nature. 246 (5429): 169–170. Bibcode:1973Natur.246..169E. doi:10.1038/246169a0. PMID 4586114. S2CID 4176154.

spglobal.com

Wasselle LA (June 1981). "Pyrethroid Insecticides" (PDF). SRI International Report #143. Menlo Park, CA.

state.ct.us

dph.state.ct.us

Stafford III KC (February 1999). "Tick Bite Prevention". Connecticut Department of Public Health. Archived from the original on 12 September 2005.

web.archive.org

"Permethrin General Fact Sheet". npic.orst.edu. Archived from the original on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
"Permethrin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
Keystone JS, Kozarsky PE, Freedman DO, Connor BA (2013). Travel Medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 58. ISBN 978-1-4557-1076-8. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
Zweig G, Sherma J (2013). Synthetic Pyrethroids and Other Pesticides: Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators. Academic Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-1-4832-2090-1. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
Jeneen I (26 May 2016). "Can Permethrin Treated Clothing Help You Avoid Mosquito Bites?". Consumer Reports. Archived from the original on 31 May 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
"Permethrin (Lexi-Drugs)". Lexicomp Online. Wolters Kluwer. Archived from the original on 17 April 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
"Permethrin Patient Package Insert" (PDF). FDA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 April 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
"Package Label" (PDF). Alpharma, USPD, Inc. Baltimore. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 April 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2014.
"What's in the Black Bag?" (PDF). Personal Clothing – British Army Website. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
"Insect-repelling ACUs now available to all Soldiers". Canadian and United States Army. October 2012. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013.
Stafford III KC (February 1999). "Tick Bite Prevention". Connecticut Department of Public Health. Archived from the original on 12 September 2005.
"Head Lice Treatments". Lyclear UK. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
"Resources for Health Professionals: Scabies Medications". U.S. CDC. 19 April 2019. Archived from the original on 30 April 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
"Permethrin". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. PubChem. Archived from the original on 28 June 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
Roberts C (22 October 2018). "Should You Use Natural Tick Prevention for Your Dog or Cat?". Consumer Reports. Consumer Reports Inc. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2018.
Englar RE (2019). Common Clinical Presentations in Dogs and Cats. John Wiley & Sons. p. 333. ISBN 978-1-119-41459-9. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
Page SW (2008). "10: Antiparasitic drugs". In Maddison JE (ed.). Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology. Stephen W. Page, David Church. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 236. ISBN 978-0-7020-2858-8. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017.
Bordeau W (January 2009). "Intoxications du chat par la perméthrine: rares mais graves" (PDF). Sciences & Pratique. 1018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 December 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
Environmental Protection Agency. "Restricted Use Products (RUP) Report: Six Month Summary List". Archived from the original on 11 January 2010. Retrieved 1 December 2009.
Environmental Protection Agency (June 2006). "Permethrin Facts (Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Fact Sheet)" (PDF). epa.gov. EPA Special Review and Reregistration Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
Imgrund H (28 January 2003). "Environmental Fate of Permethrin" (PDF). Environmental Monitoring Branch, California Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2013.

worldcat.org

Dornetshuber J, Bicker W, Lämmerhofer M, Lindner W, Karwan A, Bursch W (14 November 2007). "Impact of stereochemistry on biological effects of permethrin: induction of apoptosis in human hepatoma cells (HCC-1.2) and primary rat hepatocyte cultures". BMC Pharmacology. 7 (Supplement 2): A65. doi:10.1186/1471-2210-7-S2-A65. ISSN 1471-2210. Stereochemistry plays a crucial role in determining the toxicological profile of many chiral xenobiotics, e.g. the insecticidal action of mixtures containing the four stereoisomers of permethrin is essentially brought about by the (1R, cis)- and (1R, trans)-forms.