Permutation (English Wikipedia)

Corbett, P. F. (1992). "Rotator graphs: An efficient topology for point-to-point multiprocessor networks". IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems. 3 (5): 622–626. Bibcode:1992ITPDS...3..622C. doi:10.1109/71.159045.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Gerstein 1987, p. 217 Gerstein, Larry J. (1987), Discrete Mathematics and Algebraic Structures, W.H. Freeman and Co., ISBN 978-0-7167-1804-8
Aigner, Martin (2007). A Course in Enumeration. Springer GTM 238. pp. 24–25. ISBN 978-3-540-39035-0.
Dixon, John D.; Mortimer, Brian (1996). Permutation Groups. Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-94599-6.
Cameron, Peter J. (1999). Permutation groups. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65302-2.
Uspensky 1937, p. 18 Uspensky, James (1937), Introduction to Mathematical Probability, McGraw-Hill

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Scheinerman, Edward A. (March 5, 2012). "Chapter 5: Functions". Mathematics: A Discrete Introduction (3rd ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 188. ISBN 978-0840049421. Archived from the original on February 5, 2020. Retrieved February 5, 2020. It is customary to use lowercase Greek letters (especially π, σ, and τ) to stand for permutations.
Wussing, Hans (2007), The Genesis of the Abstract Group Concept: A Contribution to the History of the Origin of Abstract Group Theory, Courier Dover Publications, p. 94, ISBN 9780486458687, Cauchy used his permutation notation—in which the arrangements are written one below the other and both are enclosed in parentheses—for the first time in 1815.
Charalambides, Ch A. (2002). Enumerative Combinatorics. CRC Press. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-58488-290-9.
Humphreys 1996, p. 84. Humphreys, J. F. (1996), A course in group theory, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-853459-4

combos.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Mütze, Torsten; Sawada, Joe; Williams, Aaron. "Generate permutations". Combinatorial Object Server. Retrieved May 29, 2019.

cppreference.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

en.cppreference.com

"std::next_permutation". cppreference.com. 4 December 2017. Retrieved 31 March 2018.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Broemeling, Lyle D. (1 November 2011). "An Account of Early Statistical Inference in Arab Cryptology". The American Statistician. 65 (4): 255–257. doi:10.1198/tas.2011.10191. S2CID 123537702.
Biggs, N. L. (1979). "The Roots of Combinatorics". Historia Math. 6 (2): 109–136. doi:10.1016/0315-0860(79)90074-0.
Rejewski, Marian (1980). "An application of the theory of permutations in breaking the Enigma cipher". Applicationes Mathematicae. 16 (4): 543–559. doi:10.4064/am-16-4-543-559. ISSN 1233-7234.
Jerrum, M. (1986). "A compact representation of permutation groups". J. Algorithms. 7 (1): 60–78. doi:10.1016/0196-6774(86)90038-6. S2CID 18896625.
Sedgewick, R (1977). "Permutation generation methods" (PDF). Computing Surveys. 9 (2): 137–164. doi:10.1145/356689.356692. S2CID 12139332. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2008-02-21.
Heap, B. R. (1963). "Permutations by Interchanges". The Computer Journal. 6 (3): 293–298. doi:10.1093/comjnl/6.3.293.
Zaks, S. (1984). "A new algorithm for generation of permutations". BIT Numerical Mathematics. 24 (2): 196–204. doi:10.1007/BF01937486. S2CID 30234652.
Sawada, Joe; Williams, Aaron (2018). "A Hamilton path for the sigma-tau problem". Proceedings of the 29th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, SODA 2018. New Orleans, Louisiana: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM). pp. 568–575. doi:10.1137/1.9781611975031.37.
Corbett, P. F. (1992). "Rotator graphs: An efficient topology for point-to-point multiprocessor networks". IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems. 3 (5): 622–626. Bibcode:1992ITPDS...3..622C. doi:10.1109/71.159045.
Arndt, Jörg (2011). Matters Computational. Ideas, Algorithms, Source Code. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14764-7. ISBN 978-3-642-14763-0.
Dolev, Shlomi; Lahiani, Limor; Haviv, Yinnon (2013). "Unique permutation hashing". Theoretical Computer Science. 475: 59–65. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2012.12.047.

eudml.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Rejewski, Marian (1980). "An application of the theory of permutations in breaking the Enigma cipher". Applicationes Mathematicae. 16 (4): 543–559. doi:10.4064/am-16-4-543-559. ISSN 1233-7234.

hathitrust.org (Global: 296^th place; English: 153^rd place)

babel.hathitrust.org

Cauchy, A. L. (January 1815). "Mémoire Sur le Nombre des Valeurs qu'une Fonction peut acquérir, lorsqu'on y permute de toutes les manières possibles les quantités qu'elle renferme" [Memoir on the number of values which a function can acquire when one permutes within it, in all possible ways, the variables which it contains]. Journal de l'École polytechnique (in French). 10: 1–28.

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

lccn.loc.gov

McCoy (1968, p. 152) McCoy, Neal H. (1968), Introduction To Modern Algebra, Revised Edition, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, LCCN 68015225
Nering (1970, p. 86) Nering, Evar D. (1970), Linear Algebra and Matrix Theory (2nd ed.), New York: Wiley, LCCN 76091646

mathsisfun.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Combinations and Permutations". www.mathsisfun.com. Retrieved 2020-09-10.

ox.ac.uk (Global: 541^st place; English: 356^th place)

people.maths.ox.ac.uk

Bays, Martin. "Generating Functions" (PDF). p. 4. Retrieved 17 May 2026.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Broemeling, Lyle D. (1 November 2011). "An Account of Early Statistical Inference in Arab Cryptology". The American Statistician. 65 (4): 255–257. doi:10.1198/tas.2011.10191. S2CID 123537702.
Jerrum, M. (1986). "A compact representation of permutation groups". J. Algorithms. 7 (1): 60–78. doi:10.1016/0196-6774(86)90038-6. S2CID 18896625.
Sedgewick, R (1977). "Permutation generation methods" (PDF). Computing Surveys. 9 (2): 137–164. doi:10.1145/356689.356692. S2CID 12139332. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2008-02-21.
Zaks, S. (1984). "A new algorithm for generation of permutations". BIT Numerical Mathematics. 24 (2): 196–204. doi:10.1007/BF01937486. S2CID 30234652.

uchicago.edu (Global: 226^th place; English: 199^th place)

people.cs.uchicago.edu

Cash, David (2019). "CMSC 28400 Introduction to Cryptography Autumn 2019 - Notes #2: Permutations and Enigma" (PDF).

uiowa.edu (Global: 2,935^th place; English: 1,725^th place)

math.uiowa.edu

Sedgewick, R (1977). "Permutation generation methods" (PDF). Computing Surveys. 9 (2): 137–164. doi:10.1145/356689.356692. S2CID 12139332. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2008-02-21.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Scheinerman, Edward A. (March 5, 2012). "Chapter 5: Functions". Mathematics: A Discrete Introduction (3rd ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 188. ISBN 978-0840049421. Archived from the original on February 5, 2020. Retrieved February 5, 2020. It is customary to use lowercase Greek letters (especially π, σ, and τ) to stand for permutations.
Sedgewick, R (1977). "Permutation generation methods" (PDF). Computing Surveys. 9 (2): 137–164. doi:10.1145/356689.356692. S2CID 12139332. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2008-02-21.

wikiversity.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

en.wikiversity.org

"Permutation notation - Wikiversity". en.wikiversity.org. Retrieved 2024-08-04.

wolfram.com (Global: 1,091^st place; English: 1,169^th place)

mathworld.wolfram.com

Weisstein, Eric W. "Permutation". mathworld.wolfram.com. Retrieved 2020-09-10.
Slocum, Jerry; Weisstein, Eric W. (1999). "15 – puzzle". MathWorld. Wolfram Research, Inc. Retrieved October 4, 2014.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Heath, Thomas Little (1981). A History of Greek Mathematics. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-24073-8. OCLC 7703465.
Rejewski, Marian (1980). "An application of the theory of permutations in breaking the Enigma cipher". Applicationes Mathematicae. 16 (4): 543–559. doi:10.4064/am-16-4-543-559. ISSN 1233-7234.
Fisher, R.A.; Yates, F. (1948) [1938]. Statistical tables for biological, agricultural and medical research (3rd ed.). London: Oliver & Boyd. pp. 26–27. OCLC 14222135.

Permutation (English Wikipedia)

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