Phrenology (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Phrenology" in English language version.

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archive.org

Finger, Stanley (2004). Minds Behind the Brain: A History of the Pioneers and Their Discoveries. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0195181821. aristotle brain.
Lavater, Johann Caspar (1832). The pocket Lavater, or, The science of physiognomy : to which is added, An inquiry into the analogy existing between brute and human physiognomy, from the Italian of Porta.
McGrew 1985, p. 261. McGrew, Roderick E. (1985). Encyclopedia of Medical History. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. ISBN 978-0070450875.
McGrew 1985, p. 260. McGrew, Roderick E. (1985). Encyclopedia of Medical History. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. ISBN 978-0070450875.
McGrew 1985, pp. 259–261. McGrew, Roderick E. (1985). Encyclopedia of Medical History. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. ISBN 978-0070450875.
McGrew 1985, p. 259. McGrew, Roderick E. (1985). Encyclopedia of Medical History. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. ISBN 978-0070450875.
Hines, Terence (1988). Pseudoscience and the paranormal: a critical examination of the evidence. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books. ISBN 0879754192. OCLC 17462273.

books.google.com

Wells, Samuel Roberts (1885). How to Read Character: A New Illustrated Hand-Book of Phrenology and Physiognomy, for Students and Examiners; with A Descriptive Chart. New York: Fowler & Wells Co. p. iii.
Baggerman, J. Arianne; Dekker, Rudolf M.; Mascuch, Michael James (2011). Controlling Time and Shaping the Self: Developments in Autobiographical Writing Since the Sixteenth Century. Brill. p. 250–. ISBN 978-90-04-19500-4 – via Google Books.
Staum 2003, p. 49. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 50. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 51. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Flugel, J. C. (1933). A Hundred Years of Psychology. p. 44 – via Google Books.
Staum 2003, p. 52. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 81. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 80. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 56. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 59. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 62. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 64. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 65. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 74. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 77. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 76. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, pp. 51–52. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Combe, George (1839). Lectures on phrenology, with notes by A. Boardman. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2020-11-19 – via Google Books.
Venable, Malcolm (October 2002). "Mo' Money, Mo' Problems". Vibe. 10 (10). New York: 124–128. Retrieved May 24, 2019 – via Google Books.

cornell.edu

arts.cornell.edu

Erik Grayson. "Weird Science, Weirder Unity: Phrenology and Physiognomy in Edgar Allan Poe" Mode 1 (2005): 56–77. Also online (archive).

crossingdialogues.com

Miraglia, Biagio G. (2014) [1874]. "A new classification of mental illness based on brain functions" (PDF). Dialogues in Philosophy, Mental and Neuro Sciences. 7 (2): 636–637. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-01-12. Retrieved 2016-11-11.

doi.org

Parker Jones, O.; Alfaro-Almagro, F.; Jbabdi, S. (2018). "An empirical, 21st century evaluation of phrenology". Cortex. 106: 26–35. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2018.04.011. PMC 6143440. PMID 29864593.
Flourens (1844), p. 150; Anonymous (1860), pp. 249–260; Winn (1879), pp. 18–29; Robinson Storer (1866), p. 134 Flourens, P. (1844). Elementary Treatise on Human Physiology. New York: Harper & Brothers. p. 150. Anonymous (1860). "Sir William Hamilton on Phrenology". American Journal of Psychiatry. 16 (3): 249–260. doi:10.1176/ajp.16.3.249. Winn, J. M. (1879). "Mind and Living Particles". Journal of Psychological Medicine and Mental Pathology. 5 (1): 18–29. PMC 5122056. PMID 28906933. Robinson Storer, H. (1866). "Report on Insanity in Women". Transactions of the American Medical Association. 16: 134.
Beaudet, Amélie (2017). "The Emergence of Language in the Hominin Lineage: Perspectives from Fossil Endocasts". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 11: 427. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00427. PMC 5572361. PMID 28878641.
Parssinen 1974, p. 2. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Lyons 2009, p. 56. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, p. 53. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Parssinen 1974, p. 3. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
McCandless 1992, p. 199. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
Leaney 2006, p. 25. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Parssinen 1974, p. 5. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, p. 6. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, p. 1. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Lyons 2009, p. 83. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, p. 75. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
McCandless 1992, p. 213. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McCandless 1992, p. 211. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
Parker Jones, F. (31 January 2018). "An empirical, 21st century evaluation of phrenology". bioRxiv 10.1101/243089.
Hollander, Bernard (1891). "A Contribution to a Scientific Phrenology". The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 20: 227–234. doi:10.2307/2842265. JSTOR 2842265.
Lyons 2009, pp. 79–80. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, p. 80. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
McCandless 1992, p. 204. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
Sysling, Fenneke (June 2018). "Science and self-assessment: phrenological charts 1840–1940". The British Journal for the History of Science. 51 (2): 261–280. doi:10.1017/S0007087418000055. hdl:1887/123052. ISSN 0007-0874. PMID 29576034.
McCandless 1992, p. 210. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
Parssinen 1974, p. 14. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, pp. 2, 9. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, pp. 3–9. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Leaney 2006, p. 30. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Leaney 2006, p. 28. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Leaney 2006, pp. 28, 38. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Leaney 2006, p. 35. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
McCandless 1992, pp. 205–208. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McCandless 1992, p. 208. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McCandless 1992, p. 206. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McCandless 1992, p. 212. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McGlone, Robert E. (March 1989). "Rescripting a Troubled Past: John Brown's Family and the Harpers Ferry Conspiracy". Journal of American History. 75 (4): 1179–1200, at p. 1190. doi:10.2307/1908635. JSTOR 1908635.
Hungerford, Edward (1930). "Poe and Phrenology". American Literature. 2 (3): 209–231. doi:10.2307/2920231. JSTOR 2920231.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Sysling, Fenneke (June 2018). "Science and self-assessment: phrenological charts 1840–1940". The British Journal for the History of Science. 51 (2): 261–280. doi:10.1017/S0007087418000055. hdl:1887/123052. ISSN 0007-0874. PMID 29576034.

historyonfilm.com

HoF (2014-09-11). "Hell on Wheels Season Three-A bizarro-world version of the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad. » historyonfilm.com". historyonfilm.com. Archived from the original on 2019-07-23. Retrieved 2019-07-23.

jstor.org

Parssinen 1974, p. 2. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Lyons 2009, p. 56. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, p. 53. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Parssinen 1974, p. 3. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
McCandless 1992, p. 199. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
Leaney 2006, p. 25. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Parssinen 1974, p. 5. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, p. 6. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, p. 1. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Lyons 2009, p. 83. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, p. 75. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
McCandless 1992, p. 213. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McCandless 1992, p. 211. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
Hollander, Bernard (1891). "A Contribution to a Scientific Phrenology". The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 20: 227–234. doi:10.2307/2842265. JSTOR 2842265.
Branson, Susan (2017). "Phrenology and the Science of Race in Antebellum America". Early American Studies. 15 (1): 164–193. ISSN 1543-4273. JSTOR 90000339. Archived from the original on 2022-07-12. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
Lyons 2009, pp. 79–80. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, p. 80. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
McCandless 1992, p. 204. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McCandless 1992, p. 210. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
Parssinen 1974, p. 14. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, pp. 2, 9. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, pp. 3–9. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Leaney 2006, p. 30. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Leaney 2006, p. 28. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Leaney 2006, pp. 28, 38. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Leaney 2006, p. 35. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
McCandless 1992, pp. 205–208. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McCandless 1992, p. 208. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McCandless 1992, p. 206. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McCandless 1992, p. 212. McCandless, Peter (1992). "Mesmerism and Phrenology in Antebellum Charleston: 'Enough of the Marvellous'". The Journal of Southern History. 58 (2): 199–230. doi:10.2307/2210860. JSTOR 2210860.
McGlone, Robert E. (March 1989). "Rescripting a Troubled Past: John Brown's Family and the Harpers Ferry Conspiracy". Journal of American History. 75 (4): 1179–1200, at p. 1190. doi:10.2307/1908635. JSTOR 1908635.
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Parssinen 1974, p. 2. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, p. 3. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, p. 5. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, p. 6. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, p. 1. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Sysling, Fenneke (June 2018). "Science and self-assessment: phrenological charts 1840–1940". The British Journal for the History of Science. 51 (2): 261–280. doi:10.1017/S0007087418000055. hdl:1887/123052. ISSN 0007-0874. PMID 29576034.
Parssinen 1974, p. 14. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, pp. 2, 9. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.
Parssinen 1974, pp. 3–9. Parssinen, T. M. (Autumn 1974). "Popular Science and Society: The Phrenology Movement in Early Victorian Britain". Journal of Social History. 8 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.1.1. JSTOR 3786523. PMID 11632363.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Parker Jones, O.; Alfaro-Almagro, F.; Jbabdi, S. (2018). "An empirical, 21st century evaluation of phrenology". Cortex. 106: 26–35. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2018.04.011. PMC 6143440. PMID 29864593.
Flourens (1844), p. 150; Anonymous (1860), pp. 249–260; Winn (1879), pp. 18–29; Robinson Storer (1866), p. 134 Flourens, P. (1844). Elementary Treatise on Human Physiology. New York: Harper & Brothers. p. 150. Anonymous (1860). "Sir William Hamilton on Phrenology". American Journal of Psychiatry. 16 (3): 249–260. doi:10.1176/ajp.16.3.249. Winn, J. M. (1879). "Mind and Living Particles". Journal of Psychological Medicine and Mental Pathology. 5 (1): 18–29. PMC 5122056. PMID 28906933. Robinson Storer, H. (1866). "Report on Insanity in Women". Transactions of the American Medical Association. 16: 134.
Beaudet, Amélie (2017). "The Emergence of Language in the Hominin Lineage: Perspectives from Fossil Endocasts". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 11: 427. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00427. PMC 5572361. PMID 28878641.

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Lyons 2009, p. 56. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, p. 53. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Leaney 2006, p. 25. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Lyons 2009, p. 83. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, p. 75. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, pp. 79–80. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Lyons 2009, p. 80. Lyons, Sherrie L. (2009). Species, Serpents, Spirits, and Skulls: Science at the Margins in the Victorian Age. Vol. 53. Albany: New York Press. pp. 141–143. doi:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. ISBN 978-1438427973. JSTOR 10.2979/victorianstudies.53.1.141. S2CID 141992807. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Leaney 2006, p. 30. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Leaney 2006, p. 28. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Leaney 2006, pp. 28, 38. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.
Leaney 2006, p. 35. Leaney, Enda (2006). "Phrenology in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua. 10 (3): 24–42. doi:10.1353/nhr.2006.0058. JSTOR 20558078. S2CID 144035028.

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Hughes, Virginia (2013-03-13). "From Neanderthal Skull to Neanderthal Brain?". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 2021-06-03. Retrieved 2021-03-30.
"A History of the Brain". A History of the Body. Stanford University, Early Science Lab. Archived from the original on 23 October 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
Staum 2003, p. 49. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Combe 1851, p. 1. Combe, George (1851). A System of Phrenology. Boston: Benjamin B. Mussey and Company. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2012-06-10.
Staum 2003, p. 50. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
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"Oops..." Archived from the original on 2010-03-18.
Staum 2003, p. 52. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 81. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 80. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 56. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Rea, Lisa. "Applying Restorative Justice to the Genocide in Rwanda". Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2012.
Staum 2003, p. 59. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Branson, Susan (2017). "Phrenology and the Science of Race in Antebellum America". Early American Studies. 15 (1): 164–193. ISSN 1543-4273. JSTOR 90000339. Archived from the original on 2022-07-12. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
Staum 2003, p. 62. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 64. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
Staum 2003, p. 65. Staum, Martin S. (2003). Labeling People: French Scholars on Society, Race and Empire, 1815–1848. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0773525801. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2016-01-27.
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Combe 1851, pp. x–xi. Combe, George (1851). A System of Phrenology. Boston: Benjamin B. Mussey and Company. Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2012-06-10.
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worldcat.org

Branson, Susan (2017). "Phrenology and the Science of Race in Antebellum America". Early American Studies. 15 (1): 164–193. ISSN 1543-4273. JSTOR 90000339. Archived from the original on 2022-07-12. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
Sysling, Fenneke (June 2018). "Science and self-assessment: phrenological charts 1840–1940". The British Journal for the History of Science. 51 (2): 261–280. doi:10.1017/S0007087418000055. hdl:1887/123052. ISSN 0007-0874. PMID 29576034.
Hines, Terence (1988). Pseudoscience and the paranormal: a critical examination of the evidence. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books. ISBN 0879754192. OCLC 17462273.
Mikulincer, Mario; Shaver, Phillip R.; Dovidio, John F.; Simpson, Jeffrey A. (2015). APA handbook of personality and social psychology (First ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. ISBN 978-1433816994. OCLC 862928518.