Pitcher (English Wikipedia)

Benjamin, Holly J.; Briner, William W. Jr. (2005), "Little League Elbow", Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 15 (1): 37–40, doi:10.1097/00042752-200501000-00008, PMID 15654190, S2CID 8777889
Barrentine, S. W.; Matsuo, T.; Escamilla, R. F.; Fleisig, G. S.; Andrews, J. R. (1998). "Kinematic Analysis of the Wrist and Forearm during Baseball Pitching". Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 14 (1): 24–39. doi:10.1123/jab.14.1.24. S2CID 16614797.
Fleisig, G. S.; Weber, A.; Hassell, N.; Andrews, J. R. (2009). "Prevention of elbow injuries in youth baseball pitchers". Current Sports Medicine Reports. 8 (5): 250–254. doi:10.1249/jsr.0b013e3181b7ee5f. PMC 3435945. PMID 19741352.
Jeran, J. J.; Chetlin, R. D. (2005). "Training the shoulder complex in baseball pitchers: A sport-specific approach". Strength and Conditioning Journal. 27 (4): 14–31. doi:10.1519/1533-4295(2005)27[14:ttscib]2.0.co;2. S2CID 71641134.

espn.com (Global: 42^nd place; English: 25^th place)

"Pitchers' protective caps approved". ESPN.com. January 28, 2014.

espn.com.au (Global: 3,902^nd place; English: 2,146^th place)

Rogers, Jesse (June 27, 2026). "Jacob Misiorowski throws heater clocked at 105.5 mph vs. Cubs". ESPN. Retrieved July 2, 2026.

fastpitch-softball-coaching.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Spaventa, Dan. "Softball Helmet". Fastpitch-softball-coaching.com. Archived from the original on April 19, 2014.

fullcountpitch.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Rick Peterson (February 6, 2009). "Pitching Perspectives with Rick Peterson: Understanding the Epidemic of Youth Pitching Injuries". fullcountpitch.com. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009.

jacksonville.com (Global: 2,671^st place; English: 1,282^nd place)

Schneider, Jason (July 4, 2006). "All-American mud needed to take shine off baseballs". The Florida Times-Union. Retrieved October 6, 2009.

lww.com (Global: 2,576^th place; English: 2,635^th place)

journals.lww.com

"The Physiological Responses to a Single Game of Baseball... : The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research". LWW. Archived from the original on August 15, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2025.

m-w.com (Global: 9,363^rd place; English: low place)

"Velocity". Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. 2007. Retrieved August 10, 2007.

mlb.com (Global: 113^th place; English: 81^st place)

Bollinger, Rhett (September 4, 2024). "105.5 mph!! Joyce records fastest strikeout ever tracked". Major League baseball. Retrieved October 13, 2025.
"Pitch Types". mlb.com. Major League Baseball. Retrieved May 17, 2019.
Lee, Jane (October 20, 2015). "Pennington first position player to pitch in playoffs". MLB.com. Retrieved December 12, 2025.
"Austin Romine became just the second position player to pitch in the postseason". MLB.com. October 9, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2025.
Browne, Ian. "Oh Darn! Red Sox drop 17-inning marathon". MLB.com. Retrieved December 12, 2025.
"MLB, PitchCom announce six-year extension". MLB.com. Retrieved July 15, 2026.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Benjamin, Holly J.; Briner, William W. Jr. (2005), "Little League Elbow", Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 15 (1): 37–40, doi:10.1097/00042752-200501000-00008, PMID 15654190, S2CID 8777889
Whiteley, R. (2007). "Baseball throwing mechanics as they relate to pathology and performance – A review". Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 6 (1): 1–20. PMC 3778685. PMID 24149219.
Fleisig, G. S.; Weber, A.; Hassell, N.; Andrews, J. R. (2009). "Prevention of elbow injuries in youth baseball pitchers". Current Sports Medicine Reports. 8 (5): 250–254. doi:10.1249/jsr.0b013e3181b7ee5f. PMC 3435945. PMID 19741352.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Whiteley, R. (2007). "Baseball throwing mechanics as they relate to pathology and performance – A review". Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 6 (1): 1–20. PMC 3778685. PMID 24149219.
Fleisig, G. S.; Weber, A.; Hassell, N.; Andrews, J. R. (2009). "Prevention of elbow injuries in youth baseball pitchers". Current Sports Medicine Reports. 8 (5): 250–254. doi:10.1249/jsr.0b013e3181b7ee5f. PMC 3435945. PMID 19741352.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Miller, Scott (August 6, 2022). "Baseball Buys In on the Digital Age. But at What Cost?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 15, 2026.

pitchershelmet.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Who was the first pitcher to wear protective headgear". July 1, 2014. Archived from the original on March 4, 2015.

predictem.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Baseball Acronyms – Abbreviations". predictem.com. June 21, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2020.

probaseballinsider.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Probaseballinsider article on hitting the inside pitch, April 10, 2013

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

"New Pitching Helmet Prototype Unveiled by Easton-Bell Sports". Reuters. March 7, 2011. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 18, 2014.

sabr.org (Global: 1,462^nd place; English: 669^th place)

DeFillipo, Larry (September 24, 2010). "September 24, 2010: Reds' Aroldis Chapman tops 105 mph for fastest pitch ever recorded". Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved March 3, 2025.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Benjamin, Holly J.; Briner, William W. Jr. (2005), "Little League Elbow", Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 15 (1): 37–40, doi:10.1097/00042752-200501000-00008, PMID 15654190, S2CID 8777889
Barrentine, S. W.; Matsuo, T.; Escamilla, R. F.; Fleisig, G. S.; Andrews, J. R. (1998). "Kinematic Analysis of the Wrist and Forearm during Baseball Pitching". Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 14 (1): 24–39. doi:10.1123/jab.14.1.24. S2CID 16614797.
Jeran, J. J.; Chetlin, R. D. (2005). "Training the shoulder complex in baseball pitchers: A sport-specific approach". Strength and Conditioning Journal. 27 (4): 14–31. doi:10.1519/1533-4295(2005)27[14:ttscib]2.0.co;2. S2CID 71641134.

uni-konstanz.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

ojs.ub.uni-konstanz.de

Matsuo, Tomoyuki; Matsumoto, Tsuyoshi; Takada, Yoshihiro; Mochizuki, Yoshiyuki (June 1999). Influence of different shoulder abduction angles during baseball pitching on throwing performance and joint kinetics. Scientific Proceedings on the XVIII International Syposium on Biomechanics in Sports. Perth, Australia. pp. 389–392.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"The Physiological Responses to a Single Game of Baseball... : The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research". LWW. Archived from the original on August 15, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2025.
Baseball Explained, by Phillip Mahony. McFarland Books, 2014. See www.baseballexplained.com Archived August 13, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
"Pitching Biomechanical Evaluation". Archived from the original on March 16, 2008. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
Rick Peterson (February 6, 2009). "Pitching Perspectives with Rick Peterson: Understanding the Epidemic of Youth Pitching Injuries". fullcountpitch.com. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009.
"Who was the first pitcher to wear protective headgear". July 1, 2014. Archived from the original on March 4, 2015.
"New Pitching Helmet Prototype Unveiled by Easton-Bell Sports". Reuters. March 7, 2011. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 18, 2014.
Spaventa, Dan. "Softball Helmet". Fastpitch-softball-coaching.com. Archived from the original on April 19, 2014.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Miller, Scott (August 6, 2022). "Baseball Buys In on the Digital Age. But at What Cost?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 15, 2026.

Pitcher (English Wikipedia)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

asmi.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

baseballexplained.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

espn.com (Global: 42nd place; English: 25th place)

espn.com.au (Global: 3,902nd place; English: 2,146th place)

fastpitch-softball-coaching.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

fullcountpitch.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

jacksonville.com (Global: 2,671st place; English: 1,282nd place)

lww.com (Global: 2,576th place; English: 2,635th place)

journals.lww.com

m-w.com (Global: 9,363rd place; English: low place)

mlb.com (Global: 113th place; English: 81st place)

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)

pitchershelmet.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

predictem.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

probaseballinsider.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

reuters.com (Global: 38th place; English: 30th place)

sabr.org (Global: 1,462nd place; English: 669th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

uni-konstanz.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

ojs.ub.uni-konstanz.de

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

espn.com (Global: 42^nd place; English: 25^th place)

espn.com.au (Global: 3,902^nd place; English: 2,146^th place)

jacksonville.com (Global: 2,671^st place; English: 1,282^nd place)

lww.com (Global: 2,576^th place; English: 2,635^th place)

m-w.com (Global: 9,363^rd place; English: low place)

mlb.com (Global: 113^th place; English: 81^st place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

sabr.org (Global: 1,462^nd place; English: 669^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)