Pitcher (English Wikipedia)

Benjamin, Holly J.; Briner, William W. Jr. (2005), "Little League Elbow", Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 15 (1): 37–40, doi:10.1097/00042752-200501000-00008, PMID 15654190, S2CID 8777889
Barrentine, S. W.; Matsuo, T.; Escamilla, R. F.; Fleisig, G. S.; Andrews, J. R. (1998). "Kinematic Analysis of the Wrist and Forearm during Baseball Pitching". Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 14 (1): 24–39. doi:10.1123/jab.14.1.24. S2CID 16614797.
Fleisig, G. S.; Weber, A.; Hassell, N.; Andrews, J. R. (2009). "Prevention of elbow injuries in youth baseball pitchers". Current Sports Medicine Reports. 8 (5): 250–254. doi:10.1249/jsr.0b013e3181b7ee5f. PMC 3435945. PMID 19741352.
Jeran, J. J.; Chetlin, R. D. (2005). "Training the shoulder complex in baseball pitchers: A sport-specific approach". Strength and Conditioning Journal. 27 (4): 14–31. doi:10.1519/1533-4295(2005)27[14:ttscib]2.0.co;2. S2CID 71641134.

espn.com (Global: 56^th place; English: 42^nd place)

"Pitchers' protective caps approved". ESPN.com. January 28, 2014.

fastpitch-softball-coaching.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Spaventa, Dan. "Softball Helmet". Fastpitch-softball-coaching.com. Archived from the original on April 19, 2014.

fullcountpitch.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Rick Peterson (February 6, 2009). "Pitching Perspectives with Rick Peterson: Understanding the Epidemic of Youth Pitching Injuries". fullcountpitch.com. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009.

jacksonville.com (Global: 2,279^th place; English: 1,245^th place)

Schneider, Jason (July 4, 2006). "All-American mud needed to take shine off baseballs". The Florida Times-Union. Retrieved October 6, 2009.

lww.com (Global: 2,769^th place; English: 3,314^th place)

journals.lww.com

"The Physiological Responses to a Single Game of Baseball... : The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research". LWW. Archived from the original on August 15, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2025.

m-w.com (Global: 4,332^nd place; English: 4,566^th place)

"Velocity". Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. 2007. Retrieved August 10, 2007.

mlb.com (Global: 130^th place; English: 113^th place)

Bollinger, Rhett (September 4, 2024). "105.5 mph!! Joyce records fastest strikeout ever tracked". Major League baseball. Retrieved October 13, 2025.
Adler, David (October 2, 2025). "Miller makes playoff history with 104.5 mph pitch (and he painted it!)". Major League baseball. Retrieved October 13, 2025.
"Pitch Types". mlb.com. Major League Baseball. Retrieved May 17, 2019.
Lee, Jane (October 20, 2015). "Pennington first position player to pitch in playoffs". MLB.com. Retrieved December 12, 2025.
"Austin Romine became just the second position player to pitch in the postseason". MLB.com. October 9, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2025.
Browne, Ian. "Oh Darn! Red Sox drop 17-inning marathon". MLB.com. Retrieved December 12, 2025.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Benjamin, Holly J.; Briner, William W. Jr. (2005), "Little League Elbow", Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 15 (1): 37–40, doi:10.1097/00042752-200501000-00008, PMID 15654190, S2CID 8777889
Whiteley, R. (2007). "Baseball throwing mechanics as they relate to pathology and performance – A review". Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 6 (1): 1–20. PMC 3778685. PMID 24149219.
Fleisig, G. S.; Weber, A.; Hassell, N.; Andrews, J. R. (2009). "Prevention of elbow injuries in youth baseball pitchers". Current Sports Medicine Reports. 8 (5): 250–254. doi:10.1249/jsr.0b013e3181b7ee5f. PMC 3435945. PMID 19741352.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Whiteley, R. (2007). "Baseball throwing mechanics as they relate to pathology and performance – A review". Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 6 (1): 1–20. PMC 3778685. PMID 24149219.
Fleisig, G. S.; Weber, A.; Hassell, N.; Andrews, J. R. (2009). "Prevention of elbow injuries in youth baseball pitchers". Current Sports Medicine Reports. 8 (5): 250–254. doi:10.1249/jsr.0b013e3181b7ee5f. PMC 3435945. PMID 19741352.

pitchershelmet.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Who was the first pitcher to wear protective headgear". July 1, 2014. Archived from the original on March 4, 2015.

predictem.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Baseball Acronyms – Abbreviations". predictem.com. June 21, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2020.

probaseballinsider.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Probaseballinsider article on hitting the inside pitch, April 10, 2013

reuters.com (Global: 49^th place; English: 47^th place)

"New Pitching Helmet Prototype Unveiled by Easton-Bell Sports". Reuters. March 7, 2011. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 18, 2014.

sabr.org (Global: 2,059^th place; English: 1,097^th place)

DeFillipo, Larry (September 24, 2010). "September 24, 2010: Reds' Aroldis Chapman tops 105 mph for fastest pitch ever recorded". Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved March 3, 2025.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Benjamin, Holly J.; Briner, William W. Jr. (2005), "Little League Elbow", Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 15 (1): 37–40, doi:10.1097/00042752-200501000-00008, PMID 15654190, S2CID 8777889
Barrentine, S. W.; Matsuo, T.; Escamilla, R. F.; Fleisig, G. S.; Andrews, J. R. (1998). "Kinematic Analysis of the Wrist and Forearm during Baseball Pitching". Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 14 (1): 24–39. doi:10.1123/jab.14.1.24. S2CID 16614797.
Jeran, J. J.; Chetlin, R. D. (2005). "Training the shoulder complex in baseball pitchers: A sport-specific approach". Strength and Conditioning Journal. 27 (4): 14–31. doi:10.1519/1533-4295(2005)27[14:ttscib]2.0.co;2. S2CID 71641134.

uni-konstanz.de (Global: low place; English: 8,610^th place)

ojs.ub.uni-konstanz.de

Matsuo, Tomoyuki; Matsumoto, Tsuyoshi; Takada, Yoshihiro; Mochizuki, Yoshiyuki (June 1999). Influence of different shoulder abduction angles during baseball pitching on throwing performance and joint kinetics. Scientific Proceedings on the XVIII International Syposium on Biomechanics in Sports. Perth, Australia. pp. 389–392.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"The Physiological Responses to a Single Game of Baseball... : The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research". LWW. Archived from the original on August 15, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2025.
Baseball Explained, by Phillip Mahony. McFarland Books, 2014. See www.baseballexplained.com Archived August 13, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
"Pitching Biomechanical Evaluation". Archived from the original on March 16, 2008. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
Rick Peterson (February 6, 2009). "Pitching Perspectives with Rick Peterson: Understanding the Epidemic of Youth Pitching Injuries". fullcountpitch.com. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009.
"Who was the first pitcher to wear protective headgear". July 1, 2014. Archived from the original on March 4, 2015.
"New Pitching Helmet Prototype Unveiled by Easton-Bell Sports". Reuters. March 7, 2011. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 18, 2014.
Spaventa, Dan. "Softball Helmet". Fastpitch-softball-coaching.com. Archived from the original on April 19, 2014.

Pitcher (English Wikipedia)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

asmi.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

baseballexplained.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

espn.com (Global: 56th place; English: 42nd place)

fastpitch-softball-coaching.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

fullcountpitch.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

jacksonville.com (Global: 2,279th place; English: 1,245th place)

lww.com (Global: 2,769th place; English: 3,314th place)

journals.lww.com

m-w.com (Global: 4,332nd place; English: 4,566th place)

mlb.com (Global: 130th place; English: 113th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

pitchershelmet.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

predictem.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

probaseballinsider.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

reuters.com (Global: 49th place; English: 47th place)

sabr.org (Global: 2,059th place; English: 1,097th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

uni-konstanz.de (Global: low place; English: 8,610th place)

ojs.ub.uni-konstanz.de

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

espn.com (Global: 56^th place; English: 42^nd place)

jacksonville.com (Global: 2,279^th place; English: 1,245^th place)

lww.com (Global: 2,769^th place; English: 3,314^th place)

m-w.com (Global: 4,332^nd place; English: 4,566^th place)

mlb.com (Global: 130^th place; English: 113^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

reuters.com (Global: 49^th place; English: 47^th place)

sabr.org (Global: 2,059^th place; English: 1,097^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

uni-konstanz.de (Global: low place; English: 8,610^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)