Pitting corrosion (English Wikipedia)

Frankel, G. S. (1998-06-01). "Pitting corrosion of metals: A review of the critical factors". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 145 (6): 2186–2198. Bibcode:1998JElS..145.2186F. doi:10.1149/1.1838615. hdl:1811/45442. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
Guo, Peng; La Plante, Erika Callagon; Wang, Bu; Chen, Xin; Balonis, Magdalena; Bauchy, Mathieu; Sant, Gaurav (2018-05-22). "Direct observation of pitting corrosion evolutions on carbon steel surfaces at the nano-to-micro- scales". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 7990. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.7990G. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26340-5. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5964123. PMID 29789654.
Macdonald, Digby D. (1992-12-01). "The point defect model for the passive state". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 139 (12): 3434–3449. Bibcode:1992JElS..139.3434M. doi:10.1149/1.2069096. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Macdonald, Digby D. (2011-01-15). "The history of the Point Defect Model for the passive state: A brief review of film growth aspects". Electrochimica Acta. Advances in Corrosion Science for Lifetime Prediction and Sustainability. Selection of papers from the 8th ISE Spring Meeting 2–5 May 2010, Columbus, OH, USA. 56 (4): 1761–1772. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.005. ISSN 0013-4686. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Macdonald, Digby D. (2012-03-01). "Some personal adventures in passivity—A review of the point defect model for film growth". Russian Journal of Electrochemistry. 48 (3): 235–258. doi:10.1134/S1023193512030068. ISSN 1608-3342. S2CID 96662065.
Raja, Pandian Bothi; Ghoreishiamiri, Seyedmojtaba; Ismail, Mohammad (2015-06-01). "Natural corrosion inhibitors for steel reinforcement in concrete — A review". Surface Review and Letters. 22 (3): 1550040–1550608. Bibcode:2015SRL....2250040R. doi:10.1142/S0218625X15500407. ISSN 0218-625X. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Webb, Eric G.; Alkire, Richard C. (2002-06-01). "Pit initiation at single sulfide inclusions in stainless steel. I. Electrochemical microcell measurements". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 149 (6): –272–B279. Bibcode:2002JElS..149B.272W. doi:10.1149/1.1474430. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
Webb, Eric G.; Alkire, Richard C. (2002-06-01). "Pit initiation at single sulfide inclusions in stainless steel. II. Detection of local pH, sulfide, and thiosulfate". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 149 (6): –280–B285. Bibcode:2002JElS..149B.280W. doi:10.1149/1.1474431. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
Chi, Guangfang; Yi, Danqing; Liu, Huiqun (March–April 2020). "Effect of roughness on electrochemical and pitting corrosion of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in 12 wt.% HCl solution at 35 °C". Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 9 (2): 1162–1174. doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.11.044. Pradhan et al. found that a larger available surface area can increase the corrosion rate, and the surface area increased with increasing surface roughness.
Yu, Xiang; Al-Saadi, Saad; Zhao, Xiao-Ling; Rahman, R.K. Singh (October 2021). "Electrochemical Investigations of Steels in Seawater Sea Sand Concrete Environments". Materials. 14 (19): 5713. Bibcode:2021Mate...14.5713Y. doi:10.3390/ma14195713. PMC 8510146. PMID 34640111. It is known that mild steel rebar can form a protective passivation layer in the strong alkaline environment of concrete (when pH > 10). However, this layer can be destroyed by chloride ions and other harmful ions, diffusing from the ocean or industrial environment through the concrete matrix to the surface of the steel bars, causing rapid corrosion of the steel bars.
Hesketh, J.; Dickinson, E. J. F.; Martin, M. L.; Hinds, G.; Turnbull, A. (2021-04-15). "Influence of H₂S on the pitting corrosion of 316L stainless steel in oilfield brine". Corrosion Science. 182 109265. Bibcode:2021Corro.18209265H. doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109265. ISSN 0010-938X. PMC 8276138. PMID 34267394.
Joseph H Osborne (2001): "Observations on chromate conversion coatings from a sol–gel perspective". Progress in Organic Coatings, volume 41, issue 4, pages 280-286. doi:10.1016/S0300-9440(01)00143-6
Pourbaix, Marcel; Van Rysselberghe, Pierre (1950-09-01). "An electrochemical mechanism of corrosion inhibition by chromates, nitrites and other oxidants". Corrosion. 6 (9): 313–315. doi:10.5006/0010-9312-6.9.313. ISSN 0010-9312.
Pryor, M. J.; Cohen, M. (1953-05-01). "The inhibition of the corrosion of iron by some anodic inhibitors". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 100 (5): 203. doi:10.1149/1.2781106. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Hoar, T. P. (1958-02-01). "Nitrite inhibition of corrosion: some practical cases". Corrosion. 14 (2): 63–64. doi:10.5006/0010-9312-14.2.63. ISSN 0010-9312.

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Webb, Eric G.; Alkire, Richard C. (2002-06-01). "Pit initiation at single sulfide inclusions in stainless steel. I. Electrochemical microcell measurements". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 149 (6): –272–B279. Bibcode:2002JElS..149B.272W. doi:10.1149/1.1474430. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
Webb, Eric G.; Alkire, Richard C. (2002-06-01). "Pit initiation at single sulfide inclusions in stainless steel. II. Detection of local pH, sulfide, and thiosulfate". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 149 (6): –280–B285. Bibcode:2002JElS..149B.280W. doi:10.1149/1.1474431. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2018-03-25.

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"How Fast Corrosive Ammunition Ruins Guns". youtube.com. Backyard Ballistics. August 2, 2019. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023.
"Smyth Busters: Are Chrome-Lined Barrels Less Accurate?". youtube.com. Brownells. March 30, 2021. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023.

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Frankel, G. S. (1998-06-01). "Pitting corrosion of metals: A review of the critical factors". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 145 (6): 2186–2198. Bibcode:1998JElS..145.2186F. doi:10.1149/1.1838615. hdl:1811/45442. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-12.

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Frankel, G. S. (1998-06-01). "Pitting corrosion of metals: A review of the critical factors". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 145 (6): 2186–2198. Bibcode:1998JElS..145.2186F. doi:10.1149/1.1838615. hdl:1811/45442. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
Guo, Peng; La Plante, Erika Callagon; Wang, Bu; Chen, Xin; Balonis, Magdalena; Bauchy, Mathieu; Sant, Gaurav (2018-05-22). "Direct observation of pitting corrosion evolutions on carbon steel surfaces at the nano-to-micro- scales". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 7990. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.7990G. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26340-5. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5964123. PMID 29789654.
Macdonald, Digby D. (1992-12-01). "The point defect model for the passive state". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 139 (12): 3434–3449. Bibcode:1992JElS..139.3434M. doi:10.1149/1.2069096. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Raja, Pandian Bothi; Ghoreishiamiri, Seyedmojtaba; Ismail, Mohammad (2015-06-01). "Natural corrosion inhibitors for steel reinforcement in concrete — A review". Surface Review and Letters. 22 (3): 1550040–1550608. Bibcode:2015SRL....2250040R. doi:10.1142/S0218625X15500407. ISSN 0218-625X. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Webb, Eric G.; Alkire, Richard C. (2002-06-01). "Pit initiation at single sulfide inclusions in stainless steel. I. Electrochemical microcell measurements". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 149 (6): –272–B279. Bibcode:2002JElS..149B.272W. doi:10.1149/1.1474430. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
Webb, Eric G.; Alkire, Richard C. (2002-06-01). "Pit initiation at single sulfide inclusions in stainless steel. II. Detection of local pH, sulfide, and thiosulfate". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 149 (6): –280–B285. Bibcode:2002JElS..149B.280W. doi:10.1149/1.1474431. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
Yu, Xiang; Al-Saadi, Saad; Zhao, Xiao-Ling; Rahman, R.K. Singh (October 2021). "Electrochemical Investigations of Steels in Seawater Sea Sand Concrete Environments". Materials. 14 (19): 5713. Bibcode:2021Mate...14.5713Y. doi:10.3390/ma14195713. PMC 8510146. PMID 34640111. It is known that mild steel rebar can form a protective passivation layer in the strong alkaline environment of concrete (when pH > 10). However, this layer can be destroyed by chloride ions and other harmful ions, diffusing from the ocean or industrial environment through the concrete matrix to the surface of the steel bars, causing rapid corrosion of the steel bars.
Hesketh, J.; Dickinson, E. J. F.; Martin, M. L.; Hinds, G.; Turnbull, A. (2021-04-15). "Influence of H₂S on the pitting corrosion of 316L stainless steel in oilfield brine". Corrosion Science. 182 109265. Bibcode:2021Corro.18209265H. doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109265. ISSN 0010-938X. PMC 8276138. PMID 34267394.

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Frankel, G. S. (1998-06-01). "Pitting corrosion of metals: A review of the critical factors". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 145 (6): 2186–2198. Bibcode:1998JElS..145.2186F. doi:10.1149/1.1838615. hdl:1811/45442. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
Macdonald, Digby D. (1992-12-01). "The point defect model for the passive state". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 139 (12): 3434–3449. Bibcode:1992JElS..139.3434M. doi:10.1149/1.2069096. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Pryor, M. J.; Cohen, M. (1953-05-01). "The inhibition of the corrosion of iron by some anodic inhibitors". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 100 (5): 203. doi:10.1149/1.2781106. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-13.

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Srinivas, P.N. (July 7, 2020). "Corrosion Is A Stealthy Hazard Dont Ignore It In Your Laboratory". Kewaunee. Retrieved August 25, 2023.

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Guo, Peng; La Plante, Erika Callagon; Wang, Bu; Chen, Xin; Balonis, Magdalena; Bauchy, Mathieu; Sant, Gaurav (2018-05-22). "Direct observation of pitting corrosion evolutions on carbon steel surfaces at the nano-to-micro- scales". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 7990. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.7990G. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26340-5. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5964123. PMID 29789654.
Yu, Xiang; Al-Saadi, Saad; Zhao, Xiao-Ling; Rahman, R.K. Singh (October 2021). "Electrochemical Investigations of Steels in Seawater Sea Sand Concrete Environments". Materials. 14 (19): 5713. Bibcode:2021Mate...14.5713Y. doi:10.3390/ma14195713. PMC 8510146. PMID 34640111. It is known that mild steel rebar can form a protective passivation layer in the strong alkaline environment of concrete (when pH > 10). However, this layer can be destroyed by chloride ions and other harmful ions, diffusing from the ocean or industrial environment through the concrete matrix to the surface of the steel bars, causing rapid corrosion of the steel bars.
Hesketh, J.; Dickinson, E. J. F.; Martin, M. L.; Hinds, G.; Turnbull, A. (2021-04-15). "Influence of H₂S on the pitting corrosion of 316L stainless steel in oilfield brine". Corrosion Science. 182 109265. Bibcode:2021Corro.18209265H. doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109265. ISSN 0010-938X. PMC 8276138. PMID 34267394.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Guo, Peng; La Plante, Erika Callagon; Wang, Bu; Chen, Xin; Balonis, Magdalena; Bauchy, Mathieu; Sant, Gaurav (2018-05-22). "Direct observation of pitting corrosion evolutions on carbon steel surfaces at the nano-to-micro- scales". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 7990. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.7990G. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26340-5. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5964123. PMID 29789654.
Yu, Xiang; Al-Saadi, Saad; Zhao, Xiao-Ling; Rahman, R.K. Singh (October 2021). "Electrochemical Investigations of Steels in Seawater Sea Sand Concrete Environments". Materials. 14 (19): 5713. Bibcode:2021Mate...14.5713Y. doi:10.3390/ma14195713. PMC 8510146. PMID 34640111. It is known that mild steel rebar can form a protective passivation layer in the strong alkaline environment of concrete (when pH > 10). However, this layer can be destroyed by chloride ions and other harmful ions, diffusing from the ocean or industrial environment through the concrete matrix to the surface of the steel bars, causing rapid corrosion of the steel bars.
Hesketh, J.; Dickinson, E. J. F.; Martin, M. L.; Hinds, G.; Turnbull, A. (2021-04-15). "Influence of H₂S on the pitting corrosion of 316L stainless steel in oilfield brine". Corrosion Science. 182 109265. Bibcode:2021Corro.18209265H. doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109265. ISSN 0010-938X. PMC 8276138. PMID 34267394.

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Macdonald, Digby D. (2011-01-15). "The history of the Point Defect Model for the passive state: A brief review of film growth aspects". Electrochimica Acta. Advances in Corrosion Science for Lifetime Prediction and Sustainability. Selection of papers from the 8th ISE Spring Meeting 2–5 May 2010, Columbus, OH, USA. 56 (4): 1761–1772. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.005. ISSN 0013-4686. Retrieved 2022-02-13.

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Macdonald, Digby D. (2012-03-01). "Some personal adventures in passivity—A review of the point defect model for film growth". Russian Journal of Electrochemistry. 48 (3): 235–258. doi:10.1134/S1023193512030068. ISSN 1608-3342. S2CID 96662065.

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"Pitting corrosion". substech.com. 21 July 2015. Retrieved 4 December 2020.

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"Chrome Lining vs. Salt Bath Nitriding: Which Barrel Finish Is Better?". Criterion Barrels Inc. December 11, 2017. Archived from the original on May 28, 2023.

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Frankel, G. S. (1998-06-01). "Pitting corrosion of metals: A review of the critical factors". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 145 (6): 2186–2198. Bibcode:1998JElS..145.2186F. doi:10.1149/1.1838615. hdl:1811/45442. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
Guo, Peng; La Plante, Erika Callagon; Wang, Bu; Chen, Xin; Balonis, Magdalena; Bauchy, Mathieu; Sant, Gaurav (2018-05-22). "Direct observation of pitting corrosion evolutions on carbon steel surfaces at the nano-to-micro- scales". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 7990. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.7990G. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26340-5. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5964123. PMID 29789654.
Macdonald, Digby D. (1992-12-01). "The point defect model for the passive state". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 139 (12): 3434–3449. Bibcode:1992JElS..139.3434M. doi:10.1149/1.2069096. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Macdonald, Digby D. (2011-01-15). "The history of the Point Defect Model for the passive state: A brief review of film growth aspects". Electrochimica Acta. Advances in Corrosion Science for Lifetime Prediction and Sustainability. Selection of papers from the 8th ISE Spring Meeting 2–5 May 2010, Columbus, OH, USA. 56 (4): 1761–1772. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.005. ISSN 0013-4686. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Macdonald, Digby D. (2012-03-01). "Some personal adventures in passivity—A review of the point defect model for film growth". Russian Journal of Electrochemistry. 48 (3): 235–258. doi:10.1134/S1023193512030068. ISSN 1608-3342. S2CID 96662065.
Raja, Pandian Bothi; Ghoreishiamiri, Seyedmojtaba; Ismail, Mohammad (2015-06-01). "Natural corrosion inhibitors for steel reinforcement in concrete — A review". Surface Review and Letters. 22 (3): 1550040–1550608. Bibcode:2015SRL....2250040R. doi:10.1142/S0218625X15500407. ISSN 0218-625X. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Webb, Eric G.; Alkire, Richard C. (2002-06-01). "Pit initiation at single sulfide inclusions in stainless steel. I. Electrochemical microcell measurements". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 149 (6): –272–B279. Bibcode:2002JElS..149B.272W. doi:10.1149/1.1474430. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
Webb, Eric G.; Alkire, Richard C. (2002-06-01). "Pit initiation at single sulfide inclusions in stainless steel. II. Detection of local pH, sulfide, and thiosulfate". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 149 (6): –280–B285. Bibcode:2002JElS..149B.280W. doi:10.1149/1.1474431. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
Hesketh, J.; Dickinson, E. J. F.; Martin, M. L.; Hinds, G.; Turnbull, A. (2021-04-15). "Influence of H₂S on the pitting corrosion of 316L stainless steel in oilfield brine". Corrosion Science. 182 109265. Bibcode:2021Corro.18209265H. doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109265. ISSN 0010-938X. PMC 8276138. PMID 34267394.
Pourbaix, Marcel; Van Rysselberghe, Pierre (1950-09-01). "An electrochemical mechanism of corrosion inhibition by chromates, nitrites and other oxidants". Corrosion. 6 (9): 313–315. doi:10.5006/0010-9312-6.9.313. ISSN 0010-9312.
Pryor, M. J.; Cohen, M. (1953-05-01). "The inhibition of the corrosion of iron by some anodic inhibitors". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 100 (5): 203. doi:10.1149/1.2781106. ISSN 1945-7111. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
Hoar, T. P. (1958-02-01). "Nitrite inhibition of corrosion: some practical cases". Corrosion. 14 (2): 63–64. doi:10.5006/0010-9312-14.2.63. ISSN 0010-9312.

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Raja, Pandian Bothi; Ghoreishiamiri, Seyedmojtaba; Ismail, Mohammad (2015-06-01). "Natural corrosion inhibitors for steel reinforcement in concrete — A review". Surface Review and Letters. 22 (3): 1550040–1550608. Bibcode:2015SRL....2250040R. doi:10.1142/S0218625X15500407. ISSN 0218-625X. Retrieved 2022-02-13.

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"How Fast Corrosive Ammunition Ruins Guns". youtube.com. Backyard Ballistics. August 2, 2019. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023.
"Smyth Busters: Are Chrome-Lined Barrels Less Accurate?". youtube.com. Brownells. March 30, 2021. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023.

Pitting corrosion (English Wikipedia)

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