References analysis of the Wikipedia article "Pleural empyema" in the English version

doi.org

Redden MD, Chin TY, van Driel ML (March 2017). "Surgical versus non-surgical management for pleural empyema". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 (3): CD010651. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010651.pub2. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 6464687. PMID 28304084.

Fernández-Cotarelo MJ, López-Medrano F, San Juan R, Díaz-Pedroche C, Lizasoain M, Chaves F, Aguado JM (March 2007). "Protean manifestations of pleural empyema caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults". Eur. J. Intern. Med. 18 (2): 141–5. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2006.09.017. PMID 17338967.

Feller-Kopman, David; Light, Richard (2018-02-21). "Pleural Disease". New England Journal of Medicine. 378 (8): 740–751. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1403503. PMID 29466146. S2CID 40061070.

King S, Thomson A (2002). "Radiological perspectives in empyema". British Medical Bulletin. 61: 203–14. doi:10.1093/bmb/61.1.203. PMID 11997307.

Balfour-Lynn IM, Abrahamson E, Cohen G, Hartley J, King S, Parikh D, Spencer D, Thomson AH, Urquhart D (2005). "BTS guidelines for the management of pleural infection in children". Thorax. 60 (Suppl 1): 1–21. doi:10.1136/thx.2004.030676. PMC 1766040. PMID 15681514.

Yildiz S, Cece H, Turksoy O (October 2010). "Discriminative role of CT in exudative and transudative pleural effusions". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 195 (4): W305, author reply W306. doi:10.2214/AJR.10.4437. ISSN 0361-803X. PMID 20858794.

Ahmed R, Marri T, Huang J (2006). "Thoracic empyema in patients with community-acquired pneumonia". American Journal of Medicine. 119 (10): 877–83. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.03.042. PMID 17000220.

Ferrer A, Osset J, Alegre J, Suriñach JM, Crespo E, Fernández de Sevilla T, Fernández F (April 1999). "Prospective clinical and microbiological study of pleural effusions". Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 18 (4): 237–41. doi:10.1007/s100960050270. PMID 10385010. S2CID 6550696.

Davies H, Davies R, Davies C (2010). "Management of pleural infection in adults: British Thoracic Society Pleural Disease Guideline 2010". Thorax. 65 (Suppl 2): 41–53. doi:10.1136/thx.2010.137000. PMID 20696693.

Le Monnier A, Carbonnelle E, Zahar JR, Le Bourgeois M, Abachin E, Quesne G, Varon E, Descamps P, De Blic J, Scheinmann P, Berche P, Ferroni A (2006). "Microbiological diagnosis of empyema in children: comparative evaluations by culture, polymerase chain reaction, and pneumococcal antigen detection in pleural fluids". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 42 (8): 1135–40. doi:10.1086/502680. PMID 16575731.

Sasse S, Nguyen TK, Mulligan M, Wang NS, Mahutte CK, Light RW (June 1997). "The effects of early chest tube placement on empyema resolution". Chest. 111 (6): 1679–83. doi:10.1378/chest.111.6.1679. PMID 9187193. S2CID 7554750.

Heffner JE, Brown LK, Barbieri C, DeLeo JM (June 1995). "Pleural fluid chemical analysis in parapneumonic effusions. A meta-analysis". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 151 (6): 1700–8. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.6.7767510. PMID 7767510.

Maskell NA, Davies CW, Nunn AJ, Hedley EL, Gleeson FV, Miller R, Gabe R, Rees GL, Peto TE, Woodhead MA, Lane DJ, Darbyshire JH, Davies RJ (2005). "U.K. controlled trial of intrapleural streptokinase for pleural infection". New England Journal of Medicine. 352 (9): 865–74. doi:10.1056/nejmoa042473. PMID 15745977.

Nie W, Liu Y, Ye J, Shi L, Shao F, Ying K, Zhang R (July 2014). "Efficacy of intrapleural instillation of fibrinolytics for treating pleural empyema and parapneumonic effusion: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials". The Clinical Respiratory Journal. 8 (3): 281–91. doi:10.1111/crj.12068. PMID 24428897. S2CID 30223456.

Ferguson AD, Prescott RJ, Selkon JB, Watson D, Swinburn CR (April 1996). "The clinical course and management of thoracic empyema". QJM. 89 (4): 285–9. doi:10.1093/qjmed/89.4.285. PMID 8733515.

Teixeira LR, Sasse SA, Villarino MA, Nguyen T, Mulligan ME, Light RW (June 2000). "Antibiotic levels in empyemic pleural fluid". Chest. 117 (6): 1734–9. doi:10.1378/chest.117.6.1734. PMID 10858410.

Umut S, Demir T, Akkan G, Keskiner N, Yilmaz V, Yildirim N, Sipahioğlu B, Hasan A, Barlas A, Sözer K (April 1993). "Penetration of ciprofloxacin into pleural fluid". J Chemother. 5 (2): 110–2. doi:10.1080/1120009X.1993.11739217. PMID 8515292.

Davies CW, Kearney SE, Gleeson FV, Davies RJ (November 1999). "Predictors of outcome and long-term survival in patients with pleural infection". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 160 (5 Pt 1): 1682–7. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.160.5.9903002. PMID 10556140.

Alfageme I, Muñoz F, Peña N, Umbría S (March 1993). "Empyema of the thorax in adults. Etiology, microbiologic findings, and management". Chest. 103 (3): 839–43. doi:10.1378/chest.103.3.839. PMID 8449078. S2CID 23185011.

Li S, Tancredi D (2010). "Empyema hospitalizations increased in US children despite pneumococcal conjugate vaccine". Pediatrics. 125 (1): 26–33. doi:10.1542/peds.2009-0184. PMID 19948570. S2CID 33176058.

Byington CL, Spencer LY, Johnson TA, Pavia AT, Allen D, Mason EO, Kaplan S, Carroll KC, Daly JA, Christenson JC, Samore MH (2002). "An epidemiological investigation of a sustained high rate of pediatric parapneumonic empyema: risk factors and microbiological associations". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 34 (4): 434–40. doi:10.1086/338460. PMID 11797168.

Grijalva CG, Nuorti JP, Zhu Y, Griffin MR (2010). "Increasing incidence of empyema complicating childhood community-acquired pneumonia in the United States". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 50 (6): 805–13. doi:10.1086/650573. PMC 4696869. PMID 20166818.

Obando I, Camacho-Lovillo MS, Porras A, Gandía-González MA, Molinos A, Vazquez-Barba I, Morillo-Gutierrez B, Neth OW, Tarrago D (August 2012). "Sustained high prevalence of pneumococcal serotype 1 in paediatric parapneumonic empyema in southern Spain from 2005 to 2009". Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 18 (8): 763–8. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03632.x. PMID 21910779.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Feller-Kopman, David; Light, Richard (2018-02-21). "Pleural Disease". New England Journal of Medicine. 378 (8): 740–751. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1403503. PMID 29466146. S2CID 40061070.

Garvia, Veronica; Paul, Manju (2021), "Empyema", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 29083780, retrieved 2021-06-19

King S, Thomson A (2002). "Radiological perspectives in empyema". British Medical Bulletin. 61: 203–14. doi:10.1093/bmb/61.1.203. PMID 11997307.

Ferguson AD, Prescott RJ, Selkon JB, Watson D, Swinburn CR (April 1996). "The clinical course and management of thoracic empyema". QJM. 89 (4): 285–9. doi:10.1093/qjmed/89.4.285. PMID 8733515.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Feller-Kopman, David; Light, Richard (2018-02-21). "Pleural Disease". New England Journal of Medicine. 378 (8): 740–751. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1403503. PMID 29466146. S2CID 40061070.

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Pleural empyema (English Wikipedia)

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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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