Polar vortex (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Polar vortex" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

50doi.org

2^nd place

49harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

27web.archive.org

1^st place

27semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

21nih.gov

4^th place

6worldcat.org

5^th place

5books.google.com

3^rd place

5handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

4nasa.gov

75^th place

83^rd place

3bbc.com

20^th place

30^th place

2psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

2science.org

1,160^th place

737^th place

2theguardian.com

12^th place

11^th place

2wiley.com

222^nd place

297^th place

1nytimes.com

7^th place

1ametsoc.org

4,162^nd place

3,578^th place

1climatestate.com

low place

1independent.co.uk

36^th place

33^rd place

1eurekalert.org

3,538^th place

3,083^rd place

1sciencetimes.com

low place

1smh.com.au

132^nd place

96^th place

1vedur.is

low place

1arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

1academia.edu

121^st place

142^nd place

1ccsenet.org

low place

1washington.edu

1,067^th place

749^th place

1roanoke.com

6,774^th place

3,754^th place

1archive.today

14^th place

1zenodo.org

621^st place

380^th place

1meteoam.it

6,918^th place

9,624^th place

1caltech.edu

887^th place

714^th place

1climatenexus.org

low place

1wunderground.com

4,976^th place

3,595^th place

1komonews.com

9,578^th place

5,378^th place

1cornell.edu

332^nd place

246^th place

1time.com

61^st place

54^th place

1csmonitor.com

791^st place

550^th place

1mit.edu

415^th place

327^th place

1scientificamerican.com

896^th place

674^th place

1reading.ac.uk

8,258^th place

5,314^th place

1nature.com

234^th place

397^th place

1osti.gov

2,036^th place

1,254^th place

1bris.ac.uk

4,848^th place

3,431^st place

1sciencedaily.com

993^rd place

920^th place

1rug.nl

2,779^th place

1,997^th place

1bbc.co.uk

8^th place

10^th place

1esa.int

1,482^nd place

1,468^th place

academia.edu (Global: 121^st place; English: 142^nd place)

Kolstad, Erik W.; Breiteig, Tarjei; Scaife, Adam A. (April 2010). "The association between stratospheric weak polar vortex events and cold air outbreaks in the Northern Hemisphere". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 136 (649): 887. arXiv:0906.0027. Bibcode:2010EGUGA..12.5739K. doi:10.1002/qj.620. S2CID 119249497. Archived from the original on 2020-02-24. Retrieved 2017-12-02.

ametsoc.org (Global: 4,162^nd place; English: 3,578^th place)

glossary.ametsoc.org

"Polar vortex". Glossary of Meteorology. American Meteorological Society. June 2000. Retrieved 15 June 2008.

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

Kevin Myatt (2005-01-17). Cold enough for snow, and more's on the way Archived 2013-02-01 at archive.today. Roanoke Times. Retrieved on 2012-02-24.

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Kolstad, Erik W.; Breiteig, Tarjei; Scaife, Adam A. (April 2010). "The association between stratospheric weak polar vortex events and cold air outbreaks in the Northern Hemisphere". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 136 (649): 887. arXiv:0906.0027. Bibcode:2010EGUGA..12.5739K. doi:10.1002/qj.620. S2CID 119249497. Archived from the original on 2020-02-24. Retrieved 2017-12-02.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

"Arctic ozone loss at record level". BBC News Online. October 2, 2011. Archived from the original on October 3, 2011. Retrieved October 3, 2011.

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

"Casualty". BBC News. 1 Feb 2019. Retrieved 12 Feb 2019.
"Polar vortex: What is it and how does it happen?". BBC video. 30 Jan 2019. Retrieved 31 Jan 2019.
"Climate change: Arctic warming linked to colder winters". BBC News. 2 September 2021. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

"Air Maps", Littell's Living Age No. 495, 12 November 1853, p. 430.
Erik A. Rasmussen and John Turner (2003). Polar lows: mesoscale weather systems in the polar regions. Cambridge University Press. p. 174. ISBN 978-0-521-62430-5.
J.A. Pyle (1997). The Arctic and environmental change. CRC Press. pp. 42–44. ISBN 978-90-5699-020-6.
Rolf Müller (2010). Tracer-tracer Relations as a Tool for Research on Polar Ozone Loss. Forschungszentrum Jülich. p. 47. ISBN 978-3-89336-614-9.
K. Mohanakuma (2008). Stratosphere troposphere interactions: an introduction. Springer. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-4020-8216-0.

bris.ac.uk (Global: 4,848^th place; English: 3,431^st place)

research-information.bris.ac.uk

Seviour, William J.M. (14 April 2017). "Weakening and shift of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex: Internal variability or forced response?". Geophysical Research Letters. 44 (7): 3365–3373. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..44.3365S. doi:10.1002/2017GL073071. hdl:1983/caf74781-222b-4735-b171-8842cead4086. S2CID 131938684.

caltech.edu (Global: 887^th place; English: 714^th place)

yly-mac.gps.caltech.edu

Limpasuvan, Varavut; Hartmann, Dennis L.; Thompson, David W.J.; Jeev, Kumar; Yung, Yuk L. (2005). "Stratosphere-troposphere evolution during polar vortex intensification" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (D24): 27. Bibcode:2005JGRD..11024101L. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.526.9159. doi:10.1029/2005JD006302. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-12. Retrieved 2014-01-06.

ccsenet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Abdolreza Kashki & Javad Khoshhal (2013-11-22). "Investigation of the Role of Polar Vortex in Iranian First and Last Snowfalls". Journal of Geology and Geography. 5 (4). ISSN 1916-9779. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-01-30.

climatenexus.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Warm West, Cool East U.S. Temperature Divide | Climate Nexus". Archived from the original on 2015-12-07. Retrieved 2015-11-26.

climatestate.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"UK Flooding and the Science of Climate Change". 9 February 2014. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.

cornell.edu (Global: 332^nd place; English: 246^th place)

news.cornell.edu

Friedlander, Blaine (4 March 2013). "Arctic ice loss amplified Superstorm Sandy violence". Cornell Chronicle. Archived from the original on 11 June 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2014.

csmonitor.com (Global: 791^st place; English: 550^th place)

Spotts, Pete (6 January 2014). "How frigid 'polar vortex' could be result of global warming (+video)". The Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2014.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Read, P.L. (August 2011). "Dynamics and circulation regimes of terrestrial planets". Planetary and Space Science. 59 (10): 900–914. Bibcode:2011P&SS...59..900R. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2010.04.024.
Hartmann, D; Schoeberl, M (1991). "Mixing of polar vortex air into middle latitudes as revealed by tracer-tracer scatterplots". Journal of Geophysical Research. 102 (D11): 13119. Bibcode:1997JGR...10213119W. doi:10.1029/96JD03715.
Cavallo, Steven M.; Hakim, Gregory J. (April 2009). "Potential Vorticity Diagnosis of a Tropopause Polar Cyclone". Monthly Weather Review. 137 (4): 1358–1371. Bibcode:2009MWRv..137.1358C. doi:10.1175/2008MWR2670.1. S2CID 16226331.
Kolstad, Erik W.; Breiteig, Tarjei; Scaife, Adam A. (April 2010). "The association between stratospheric weak polar vortex events and cold air outbreaks in the Northern Hemisphere". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 136 (649): 887. arXiv:0906.0027. Bibcode:2010EGUGA..12.5739K. doi:10.1002/qj.620. S2CID 119249497. Archived from the original on 2020-02-24. Retrieved 2017-12-02.
Robock, Alan (2000). "Volcanic eruptions and climate" (PDF). Reviews of Geophysics. 38 (2): 191–219. Bibcode:2000RvGeo..38..191R. doi:10.1029/1998RG000054. S2CID 1299888. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-02-19.
Nash, E; Newman, P; Rosenfield, J; Schoeberl, M (2012). "An objective determination of the polar vortex using Ertel's potential vorticity". Journal of Geophysical Research. 101 (D5): 9471–9478. Bibcode:1996JGR...101.9471N. doi:10.1029/96JD00066.
Li, L; Li, C; Pan, Y (2012). "On the differences and climate impacts of early and late stratospheric polar vortex breakup". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 29 (5): 1119–1128. Bibcode:2012AdAtS..29.1119L. doi:10.1007/s00376-012-1012-4. S2CID 123846176.
Wei, K; Chen, W; Huang, R (2007). "Dynamical diagnosis of the breakup of the stratospheric polar vortex in the northern hemisphere". Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences. 50 (9): 1369–1379. Bibcode:2007ScChD..50.1369W. doi:10.1007/s11430-007-0100-2. S2CID 195309667.
Reichler, Tom; Kim, J; Manzini, E; Kroger, J (2012). "A stratospheric connection to Atlantic climate variability". Nature Geoscience. 5 (11): 783–787. Bibcode:2012NatGe...5..783R. doi:10.1038/ngeo1586.
Ripesi, Patrizio; et al. (2012). "The February 2010 Artcic Oscillation Index and its stratospheric connection" (PDF). Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 138 (669): 1961–1969. Bibcode:2012QJRMS.138.1961R. doi:10.1002/qj.1935. S2CID 122729063.
Reichler, Tom; Kim, J; Manzini, E; Kroger, J (2012). "A stratospheric connection to Atlantic climate variability". Nature Geoscience. 5 (11): 783–787. Bibcode:2012NatGe...5..783R. doi:10.1038/ngeo1586.
Limpasuvan, Varavut; Hartmann, Dennis L.; Thompson, David W.J.; Jeev, Kumar; Yung, Yuk L. (2005). "Stratosphere-troposphere evolution during polar vortex intensification" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (D24): 27. Bibcode:2005JGRD..11024101L. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.526.9159. doi:10.1029/2005JD006302. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-12. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
Cavallo, S; Hakim, G.J. (2013). "Physical mechanisms of tropopause polar vortex intensity change". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 70 (11): 3359–3373. Bibcode:2013JAtS...70.3359C. doi:10.1175/JAS-D-13-088.1.
Hartmann, D; Schoeberl, M (1991). "The dynamics of the stratospheric polar vortex and its relation to springtime ozone depletions" (PDF). Science. 251 (4989): 46–52. Bibcode:1991Sci...251...46S. doi:10.1126/science.251.4989.46. PMID 17778602. S2CID 24664477. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-02.
Widnall, S; Sullivan, J (1973). "On the stability of vortex rings". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 332 (1590): 335–353. Bibcode:1973RSPSA.332..335W. doi:10.1098/rspa.1973.0029. S2CID 119959924.
Manney, G; Zurek, R; O'Neill, A; Swinbank, R (1994). "On the motion of air through the stratospheric polar vortex". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 51 (20): 2973–2994. Bibcode:1994JAtS...51.2973M. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1994)051<2973:otmoat>2.0.co;2.
Waugh, D; Plumb, R; Elkins, J; Fahey, D; Boering, K; Dutton, G; Lait, L (2012). "Mixing of polar vortex air into middle latitudes as revealed by tracer-tracer scatterplots". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 102 (D11): 13119–13134. Bibcode:1997JGR...10213119W. doi:10.1029/96JD03715.
Baldwin, M.P.; Dunkerton, TJ (2001). "Stratospheric Harbingers of Anomalous Weather Regimes". Science. 294 (5542): 581–584. Bibcode:2001Sci...294..581B. doi:10.1126/science.1063315. PMID 11641495. S2CID 34595603.
Song, Yucheng; Robinson, Walter A. (2004). "Dynamical Mechanisms for Stratospheric Influences on the Troposphere". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 61 (14): 1711–1725. Bibcode:2004JAtS...61.1711S. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<1711:DMFSIO>2.0.CO;2.
Archer, Cristina L.; Caldeira, Ken (18 April 2008). "Historical trends in the jet streams". Geophysical Research Letters. 35 (8). Bibcode:2008GeoRL..35.8803A. doi:10.1029/2008GL033614. S2CID 59377392.
Rantanen, Mika; Karpechko, Alexey Yu; Lipponen, Antti; Nordling, Kalle; Hyvärinen, Otto; Ruosteenoja, Kimmo; Vihma, Timo; Laaksonen, Ari (11 August 2022). "The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 168. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3..168R. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3. hdl:11250/3115996. ISSN 2662-4435. S2CID 251498876.
Isaksen, Ketil; Nordli, Øyvind; et al. (15 June 2022). "Exceptional warming over the Barents area". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 9371. Bibcode:2022NatSR..12.9371I. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-13568-5. PMC 9200822. PMID 35705593.
Francis, Jennifer A.; Vavrus, Stephen J. (2012). "Evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (6): L06801. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..39.6801F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.419.8599. doi:10.1029/2012GL051000. S2CID 15383119.
Zielinski, G.; Mershon, G. (1997). "Paleoenvironmental implications of the insoluble microparticle record in the GISP2 (Greenland) ice core during the rapidly changing climate of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition". Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. 109 (5): 547–559. Bibcode:1997GSAB..109..547Z. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<0547:piotim>2.3.co;2.
Lue, J.-M.; Kim, S.-J.; Abe-Ouchi, A.; Yu, Y.; Ohgaito, R. (2010). "Arctic Oscillation during the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum from PMIP2 Coupled Model Simulations". Journal of Climate. 23 (14): 3792–3813. Bibcode:2010JCli...23.3792L. doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3331.1. S2CID 129156297.
Mitchell, Daniel M.; Osprey, Scott M.; Gray, Lesley J.; Butchart, Neal; Hardiman, Steven C.; Charlton-Perez, Andrew J.; Watson, Peter (August 2012). "The Effect of Climate Change on the Variability of the Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Polar Vortex". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 69 (8): 2608–2618. Bibcode:2012JAtS...69.2608M. doi:10.1175/jas-d-12-021.1. ISSN 0022-4928. S2CID 122783377.
Masato, Giacomo; Hoskins, Brian J.; Woollings, Tim (2013). "Winter and Summer Northern Hemisphere Blocking in CMIP5 Models". Journal of Climate. 26 (18): 7044–7059. Bibcode:2013JCli...26.7044M. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00466.1.
Liu, Jiping; Curry, Judith A.; Wang, Huijun; Song, Mirong; Horton, Radley M. (27 February 2012). "Impact of declining Arctic sea ice on winter snowfall". PNAS. 109 (11): 4074–4079. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.4074L. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114910109. PMC 3306672. PMID 22371563.
Qiuhong Tang; Xuejun Zhang; Francis, J. A. (December 2013). "Extreme summer weather in northern mid-latitudes linked to a vanishing cryosphere". Nature Climate Change. 4 (1): 45–50. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4...45T. doi:10.1038/nclimate2065.
Screen, J A (November 2013). "Influence of Arctic sea ice on European summer precipitation". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (4) 044015. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8d4015S. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044015. hdl:10871/14835.
Jennifer Francis; Natasa Skific (1 June 2015). "Evidence linking rapid Arctic warming to mid-latitude weather patterns". Philosophical Transactions. 373 (2045) 20140170. Bibcode:2015RSPTA.37340170F. doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0170. PMC 4455715. PMID 26032322.
Mann, Michael E.; Rahmstorf, Stefan (27 March 2017). "Influence of Anthropogenic Climate Change on Planetary Wave Resonance and Extreme Weather Events". Scientific Reports. 7 45242. Bibcode:2017NatSR...745242M. doi:10.1038/srep45242. PMC 5366916. PMID 28345645.
Francis J; Vavrus S; Cohen J. (2017). "Amplified Arctic warming and mid latitude weather: new perspectives on emerging connections" (PDF). Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 8 (5) e474. 2017 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Bibcode:2017WIRCC...8E.474F. doi:10.1002/wcc.474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Kretschmer, Marlene; Coumou, Dim; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Tziperman, Eli; Cohen, Judah (January 2018). "More-Persistent Weak Stratospheric Polar Vortex States Linked to Cold Extremes" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 99 (1): 49–60. Bibcode:2018BAMS...99...49K. doi:10.1175/bams-d-16-0259.1. ISSN 0003-0007. S2CID 51847061. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Coumou, D.; Di Capua, G.; Vavrus, S.; Wang, L.; Wang, S. (2018-08-20). "The influence of Arctic amplification on mid-latitude summer circulation". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 2959. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.2959C. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05256-8. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6102303. PMID 30127423.
Kim, Jin-Soo; Kug, Jong-Seong; Jeong, Su-Jong; Huntzinger, Deborah N.; Michalak, Anna M.; Schwalm, Christopher R.; Wei, Yaxing; Schaefer, Kevin (26 October 2021). "Reduced North American terrestrial primary productivity linked to anomalous Arctic warming". Nature Geoscience. 10 (8): 572–576. doi:10.1038/ngeo2986. OSTI 1394479. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
Cohen, Judah; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Garfinkel, Chaim I.; White, Ian (3 September 2021). "Linking Arctic variability and change with extreme winter weather in the United States". Science. 373 (6559): 1116–1121. Bibcode:2021Sci...373.1116C. doi:10.1126/science.abi9167. PMID 34516838. S2CID 237402139.
Zou, Yofei; Rasch, Philip J.; Wang, Hailong; Xie, Zuowei; Zhang, Rudong (26 October 2021). "Increasing large wildfires over the western United States linked to diminishing sea ice in the Arctic". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 6048. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.6048Z. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26232-9. PMC 8548308. PMID 34702824. S2CID 233618492.
Weng, H. (2012). "Impacts of multi-scale solar activity on climate. Part I: Atmospheric circulation patterns and climate extremes". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 29 (4): 867–886. Bibcode:2012AdAtS..29..867W. doi:10.1007/s00376-012-1238-1. S2CID 123066849.
James E. Overland (December 8, 2013). "Atmospheric science: Long-range linkage". Nature Climate Change. 4 (1): 11–12. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4...11O. doi:10.1038/nclimate2079.
Seviour, William J.M. (14 April 2017). "Weakening and shift of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex: Internal variability or forced response?". Geophysical Research Letters. 44 (7): 3365–3373. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..44.3365S. doi:10.1002/2017GL073071. hdl:1983/caf74781-222b-4735-b171-8842cead4086. S2CID 131938684.
Screen, James A. (15 June 2014). "Arctic amplification decreases temperature variance in northern mid- to high-latitudes". Nature Climate Change. 4 (7): 577–582. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4..577S. doi:10.1038/nclimate2268. hdl:10871/15095. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
van Oldenborgh, Geert Jan; Mitchell-Larson, Eli; Vecchi, Gabriel A.; de Vries, Hylke; Vautar, Robert; Otto, Friederike (22 November 2019). "Cold waves are getting milder in the northern midlatitudes". Environmental Research Letters. 14 (11): 114004. Bibcode:2019ERL....14k4004V. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab4867. S2CID 204420462.
Blackport, Russell; Screen, James A.; van der Wiel, Karin; Bintanja, Richard (September 2019). "Minimal influence of reduced Arctic sea ice on coincident cold winters in mid-latitudes" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 9 (9): 697–704. Bibcode:2019NatCC...9..697B. doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0551-4. hdl:10871/39784. S2CID 199542188.
Blackport, Russell; Screen, James A. (February 2020). "Insignificant effect of Arctic amplification on the amplitude of midlatitude atmospheric waves". Science Advances. 6 (8) eaay2880. Bibcode:2020SciA....6.2880B. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay2880. PMC 7030927. PMID 32128402.
Streffing, Jan; Semmler, Tido; Zampieri, Lorenzo; Jung, Thomas (24 September 2021). "Response of Northern Hemisphere Weather and Climate to Arctic Sea Ice Decline: Resolution Independence in Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project (PAMIP) Simulations". Journal of Climate. 34 (20): 8445–8457. Bibcode:2021JCli...34.8445S. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1005.1. S2CID 239631549.
Smith, D.M.; Eade, R.; Andrews, M.B.; et al. (7 February 2022). "Robust but weak winter atmospheric circulation response to future Arctic sea ice loss". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 727. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13..727S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28283-y. PMC 8821642. PMID 35132058. S2CID 246637132.
Martin, Jonathan E. (14 April 2021). "Recent Trends in the Waviness of the Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Polar and Subtropical Jets". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 126 (9). Bibcode:2021JGRD..12633668M. doi:10.1029/2020JD033668. S2CID 222246122. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Tenenbaum, Joel; Williams, Paul D.; Turp, Debi; Buchanan, Piers; Coulson, Robert; Gill, Philip G.; Lunnon, Robert W.; Oztunali, Marguerite G.; Rankin, John; Rukhovets, Leonid (July 2022). "Aircraft observations and reanalysis depictions of trends in the North Atlantic winter jet stream wind speeds and turbulence". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 148 (747): 2927–2941. Bibcode:2022QJRMS.148.2927T. doi:10.1002/qj.4342. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 250029057.
Osman, Matthew B.; Coats, Sloan; Das, Sarah B.; McConnell, Joseph R.; Chellman, Nathan (13 September 2021). "North Atlantic jet stream projections in the context of the past 1,250 years". PNAS. 118 (38). Bibcode:2021PNAS..11804105O. doi:10.1073/pnas.2104105118. PMC 8463874. PMID 34518222.

esa.int (Global: 1,482^nd place; English: 1,468^th place)

"Double vortex at Venus South Pole unveiled!". European Space Agency. Retrieved 2018-09-11.

eurekalert.org (Global: 3,538^th place; English: 3,083^rd place)

"Stratospheric Polar Vortex Influences Winter Cold, Researchers Say" (Press release). American Association for the Advancement of Science. December 3, 2001. Retrieved May 23, 2015.

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)

hdl.handle.net

Rantanen, Mika; Karpechko, Alexey Yu; Lipponen, Antti; Nordling, Kalle; Hyvärinen, Otto; Ruosteenoja, Kimmo; Vihma, Timo; Laaksonen, Ari (11 August 2022). "The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 168. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3..168R. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3. hdl:11250/3115996. ISSN 2662-4435. S2CID 251498876.
Screen, J A (November 2013). "Influence of Arctic sea ice on European summer precipitation". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (4) 044015. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8d4015S. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044015. hdl:10871/14835.
Seviour, William J.M. (14 April 2017). "Weakening and shift of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex: Internal variability or forced response?". Geophysical Research Letters. 44 (7): 3365–3373. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..44.3365S. doi:10.1002/2017GL073071. hdl:1983/caf74781-222b-4735-b171-8842cead4086. S2CID 131938684.
Screen, James A. (15 June 2014). "Arctic amplification decreases temperature variance in northern mid- to high-latitudes". Nature Climate Change. 4 (7): 577–582. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4..577S. doi:10.1038/nclimate2268. hdl:10871/15095. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Blackport, Russell; Screen, James A.; van der Wiel, Karin; Bintanja, Richard (September 2019). "Minimal influence of reduced Arctic sea ice on coincident cold winters in mid-latitudes" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 9 (9): 697–704. Bibcode:2019NatCC...9..697B. doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0551-4. hdl:10871/39784. S2CID 199542188.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Read, P.L. (August 2011). "Dynamics and circulation regimes of terrestrial planets". Planetary and Space Science. 59 (10): 900–914. Bibcode:2011P&SS...59..900R. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2010.04.024.
Hartmann, D; Schoeberl, M (1991). "Mixing of polar vortex air into middle latitudes as revealed by tracer-tracer scatterplots". Journal of Geophysical Research. 102 (D11): 13119. Bibcode:1997JGR...10213119W. doi:10.1029/96JD03715.
Cavallo, Steven M.; Hakim, Gregory J. (April 2009). "Potential Vorticity Diagnosis of a Tropopause Polar Cyclone". Monthly Weather Review. 137 (4): 1358–1371. Bibcode:2009MWRv..137.1358C. doi:10.1175/2008MWR2670.1. S2CID 16226331.
Kolstad, Erik W.; Breiteig, Tarjei; Scaife, Adam A. (April 2010). "The association between stratospheric weak polar vortex events and cold air outbreaks in the Northern Hemisphere". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 136 (649): 887. arXiv:0906.0027. Bibcode:2010EGUGA..12.5739K. doi:10.1002/qj.620. S2CID 119249497. Archived from the original on 2020-02-24. Retrieved 2017-12-02.
Robock, Alan (2000). "Volcanic eruptions and climate" (PDF). Reviews of Geophysics. 38 (2): 191–219. Bibcode:2000RvGeo..38..191R. doi:10.1029/1998RG000054. S2CID 1299888. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-02-19.
Nash, E; Newman, P; Rosenfield, J; Schoeberl, M (2012). "An objective determination of the polar vortex using Ertel's potential vorticity". Journal of Geophysical Research. 101 (D5): 9471–9478. Bibcode:1996JGR...101.9471N. doi:10.1029/96JD00066.
Li, L; Li, C; Pan, Y (2012). "On the differences and climate impacts of early and late stratospheric polar vortex breakup". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 29 (5): 1119–1128. Bibcode:2012AdAtS..29.1119L. doi:10.1007/s00376-012-1012-4. S2CID 123846176.
Wei, K; Chen, W; Huang, R (2007). "Dynamical diagnosis of the breakup of the stratospheric polar vortex in the northern hemisphere". Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences. 50 (9): 1369–1379. Bibcode:2007ScChD..50.1369W. doi:10.1007/s11430-007-0100-2. S2CID 195309667.
Reichler, Tom; Kim, J; Manzini, E; Kroger, J (2012). "A stratospheric connection to Atlantic climate variability". Nature Geoscience. 5 (11): 783–787. Bibcode:2012NatGe...5..783R. doi:10.1038/ngeo1586.
Ripesi, Patrizio; et al. (2012). "The February 2010 Artcic Oscillation Index and its stratospheric connection" (PDF). Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 138 (669): 1961–1969. Bibcode:2012QJRMS.138.1961R. doi:10.1002/qj.1935. S2CID 122729063.
Reichler, Tom; Kim, J; Manzini, E; Kroger, J (2012). "A stratospheric connection to Atlantic climate variability". Nature Geoscience. 5 (11): 783–787. Bibcode:2012NatGe...5..783R. doi:10.1038/ngeo1586.
Limpasuvan, Varavut; Hartmann, Dennis L.; Thompson, David W.J.; Jeev, Kumar; Yung, Yuk L. (2005). "Stratosphere-troposphere evolution during polar vortex intensification" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (D24): 27. Bibcode:2005JGRD..11024101L. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.526.9159. doi:10.1029/2005JD006302. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-12. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
Cavallo, S; Hakim, G.J. (2013). "Physical mechanisms of tropopause polar vortex intensity change". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 70 (11): 3359–3373. Bibcode:2013JAtS...70.3359C. doi:10.1175/JAS-D-13-088.1.
Hartmann, D; Schoeberl, M (1991). "The dynamics of the stratospheric polar vortex and its relation to springtime ozone depletions" (PDF). Science. 251 (4989): 46–52. Bibcode:1991Sci...251...46S. doi:10.1126/science.251.4989.46. PMID 17778602. S2CID 24664477. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-02.
Widnall, S; Sullivan, J (1973). "On the stability of vortex rings". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 332 (1590): 335–353. Bibcode:1973RSPSA.332..335W. doi:10.1098/rspa.1973.0029. S2CID 119959924.
Manney, G; Zurek, R; O'Neill, A; Swinbank, R (1994). "On the motion of air through the stratospheric polar vortex". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 51 (20): 2973–2994. Bibcode:1994JAtS...51.2973M. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1994)051<2973:otmoat>2.0.co;2.
Waugh, D; Plumb, R; Elkins, J; Fahey, D; Boering, K; Dutton, G; Lait, L (2012). "Mixing of polar vortex air into middle latitudes as revealed by tracer-tracer scatterplots". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 102 (D11): 13119–13134. Bibcode:1997JGR...10213119W. doi:10.1029/96JD03715.
Baldwin, M.P.; Dunkerton, TJ (2001). "Stratospheric Harbingers of Anomalous Weather Regimes". Science. 294 (5542): 581–584. Bibcode:2001Sci...294..581B. doi:10.1126/science.1063315. PMID 11641495. S2CID 34595603.
Song, Yucheng; Robinson, Walter A. (2004). "Dynamical Mechanisms for Stratospheric Influences on the Troposphere". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 61 (14): 1711–1725. Bibcode:2004JAtS...61.1711S. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<1711:DMFSIO>2.0.CO;2.
Archer, Cristina L.; Caldeira, Ken (18 April 2008). "Historical trends in the jet streams". Geophysical Research Letters. 35 (8). Bibcode:2008GeoRL..35.8803A. doi:10.1029/2008GL033614. S2CID 59377392.
Rantanen, Mika; Karpechko, Alexey Yu; Lipponen, Antti; Nordling, Kalle; Hyvärinen, Otto; Ruosteenoja, Kimmo; Vihma, Timo; Laaksonen, Ari (11 August 2022). "The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 168. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3..168R. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3. hdl:11250/3115996. ISSN 2662-4435. S2CID 251498876.
Isaksen, Ketil; Nordli, Øyvind; et al. (15 June 2022). "Exceptional warming over the Barents area". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 9371. Bibcode:2022NatSR..12.9371I. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-13568-5. PMC 9200822. PMID 35705593.
Francis, Jennifer A.; Vavrus, Stephen J. (2012). "Evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (6): L06801. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..39.6801F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.419.8599. doi:10.1029/2012GL051000. S2CID 15383119.
Zielinski, G.; Mershon, G. (1997). "Paleoenvironmental implications of the insoluble microparticle record in the GISP2 (Greenland) ice core during the rapidly changing climate of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition". Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. 109 (5): 547–559. Bibcode:1997GSAB..109..547Z. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<0547:piotim>2.3.co;2.
Lue, J.-M.; Kim, S.-J.; Abe-Ouchi, A.; Yu, Y.; Ohgaito, R. (2010). "Arctic Oscillation during the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum from PMIP2 Coupled Model Simulations". Journal of Climate. 23 (14): 3792–3813. Bibcode:2010JCli...23.3792L. doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3331.1. S2CID 129156297.
Mitchell, Daniel M.; Osprey, Scott M.; Gray, Lesley J.; Butchart, Neal; Hardiman, Steven C.; Charlton-Perez, Andrew J.; Watson, Peter (August 2012). "The Effect of Climate Change on the Variability of the Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Polar Vortex". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 69 (8): 2608–2618. Bibcode:2012JAtS...69.2608M. doi:10.1175/jas-d-12-021.1. ISSN 0022-4928. S2CID 122783377.
Masato, Giacomo; Hoskins, Brian J.; Woollings, Tim (2013). "Winter and Summer Northern Hemisphere Blocking in CMIP5 Models". Journal of Climate. 26 (18): 7044–7059. Bibcode:2013JCli...26.7044M. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00466.1.
Liu, Jiping; Curry, Judith A.; Wang, Huijun; Song, Mirong; Horton, Radley M. (27 February 2012). "Impact of declining Arctic sea ice on winter snowfall". PNAS. 109 (11): 4074–4079. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.4074L. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114910109. PMC 3306672. PMID 22371563.
Qiuhong Tang; Xuejun Zhang; Francis, J. A. (December 2013). "Extreme summer weather in northern mid-latitudes linked to a vanishing cryosphere". Nature Climate Change. 4 (1): 45–50. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4...45T. doi:10.1038/nclimate2065.
Screen, J A (November 2013). "Influence of Arctic sea ice on European summer precipitation". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (4) 044015. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8d4015S. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044015. hdl:10871/14835.
Jennifer Francis; Natasa Skific (1 June 2015). "Evidence linking rapid Arctic warming to mid-latitude weather patterns". Philosophical Transactions. 373 (2045) 20140170. Bibcode:2015RSPTA.37340170F. doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0170. PMC 4455715. PMID 26032322.
Mann, Michael E.; Rahmstorf, Stefan (27 March 2017). "Influence of Anthropogenic Climate Change on Planetary Wave Resonance and Extreme Weather Events". Scientific Reports. 7 45242. Bibcode:2017NatSR...745242M. doi:10.1038/srep45242. PMC 5366916. PMID 28345645.
Francis J; Vavrus S; Cohen J. (2017). "Amplified Arctic warming and mid latitude weather: new perspectives on emerging connections" (PDF). Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 8 (5) e474. 2017 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Bibcode:2017WIRCC...8E.474F. doi:10.1002/wcc.474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Kretschmer, Marlene; Coumou, Dim; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Tziperman, Eli; Cohen, Judah (January 2018). "More-Persistent Weak Stratospheric Polar Vortex States Linked to Cold Extremes" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 99 (1): 49–60. Bibcode:2018BAMS...99...49K. doi:10.1175/bams-d-16-0259.1. ISSN 0003-0007. S2CID 51847061. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Coumou, D.; Di Capua, G.; Vavrus, S.; Wang, L.; Wang, S. (2018-08-20). "The influence of Arctic amplification on mid-latitude summer circulation". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 2959. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.2959C. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05256-8. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6102303. PMID 30127423.
Cohen, Judah; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Garfinkel, Chaim I.; White, Ian (3 September 2021). "Linking Arctic variability and change with extreme winter weather in the United States". Science. 373 (6559): 1116–1121. Bibcode:2021Sci...373.1116C. doi:10.1126/science.abi9167. PMID 34516838. S2CID 237402139.
Zou, Yofei; Rasch, Philip J.; Wang, Hailong; Xie, Zuowei; Zhang, Rudong (26 October 2021). "Increasing large wildfires over the western United States linked to diminishing sea ice in the Arctic". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 6048. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.6048Z. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26232-9. PMC 8548308. PMID 34702824. S2CID 233618492.
Weng, H. (2012). "Impacts of multi-scale solar activity on climate. Part I: Atmospheric circulation patterns and climate extremes". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 29 (4): 867–886. Bibcode:2012AdAtS..29..867W. doi:10.1007/s00376-012-1238-1. S2CID 123066849.
James E. Overland (December 8, 2013). "Atmospheric science: Long-range linkage". Nature Climate Change. 4 (1): 11–12. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4...11O. doi:10.1038/nclimate2079.
Seviour, William J.M. (14 April 2017). "Weakening and shift of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex: Internal variability or forced response?". Geophysical Research Letters. 44 (7): 3365–3373. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..44.3365S. doi:10.1002/2017GL073071. hdl:1983/caf74781-222b-4735-b171-8842cead4086. S2CID 131938684.
Screen, James A. (15 June 2014). "Arctic amplification decreases temperature variance in northern mid- to high-latitudes". Nature Climate Change. 4 (7): 577–582. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4..577S. doi:10.1038/nclimate2268. hdl:10871/15095. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
van Oldenborgh, Geert Jan; Mitchell-Larson, Eli; Vecchi, Gabriel A.; de Vries, Hylke; Vautar, Robert; Otto, Friederike (22 November 2019). "Cold waves are getting milder in the northern midlatitudes". Environmental Research Letters. 14 (11): 114004. Bibcode:2019ERL....14k4004V. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab4867. S2CID 204420462.
Blackport, Russell; Screen, James A.; van der Wiel, Karin; Bintanja, Richard (September 2019). "Minimal influence of reduced Arctic sea ice on coincident cold winters in mid-latitudes" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 9 (9): 697–704. Bibcode:2019NatCC...9..697B. doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0551-4. hdl:10871/39784. S2CID 199542188.
Blackport, Russell; Screen, James A. (February 2020). "Insignificant effect of Arctic amplification on the amplitude of midlatitude atmospheric waves". Science Advances. 6 (8) eaay2880. Bibcode:2020SciA....6.2880B. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay2880. PMC 7030927. PMID 32128402.
Streffing, Jan; Semmler, Tido; Zampieri, Lorenzo; Jung, Thomas (24 September 2021). "Response of Northern Hemisphere Weather and Climate to Arctic Sea Ice Decline: Resolution Independence in Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project (PAMIP) Simulations". Journal of Climate. 34 (20): 8445–8457. Bibcode:2021JCli...34.8445S. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1005.1. S2CID 239631549.
Smith, D.M.; Eade, R.; Andrews, M.B.; et al. (7 February 2022). "Robust but weak winter atmospheric circulation response to future Arctic sea ice loss". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 727. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13..727S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28283-y. PMC 8821642. PMID 35132058. S2CID 246637132.
Martin, Jonathan E. (14 April 2021). "Recent Trends in the Waviness of the Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Polar and Subtropical Jets". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 126 (9). Bibcode:2021JGRD..12633668M. doi:10.1029/2020JD033668. S2CID 222246122. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Tenenbaum, Joel; Williams, Paul D.; Turp, Debi; Buchanan, Piers; Coulson, Robert; Gill, Philip G.; Lunnon, Robert W.; Oztunali, Marguerite G.; Rankin, John; Rukhovets, Leonid (July 2022). "Aircraft observations and reanalysis depictions of trends in the North Atlantic winter jet stream wind speeds and turbulence". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 148 (747): 2927–2941. Bibcode:2022QJRMS.148.2927T. doi:10.1002/qj.4342. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 250029057.
Osman, Matthew B.; Coats, Sloan; Das, Sarah B.; McConnell, Joseph R.; Chellman, Nathan (13 September 2021). "North Atlantic jet stream projections in the context of the past 1,250 years". PNAS. 118 (38). Bibcode:2021PNAS..11804105O. doi:10.1073/pnas.2104105118. PMC 8463874. PMID 34518222.

independent.co.uk (Global: 36^th place; English: 33^rd place)

"Britain is about to get very, very cold". Independent.co.uk. 7 November 2016.

komonews.com (Global: 9,578^th place; English: 5,378^th place)

"Jet stream found to be permanently drifting north". Associated Press. 2008-04-18. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 7 October 2022.

meteoam.it (Global: 6,918^th place; English: 9,624^th place)

clima.meteoam.it

Ripesi, Patrizio; et al. (2012). "The February 2010 Artcic Oscillation Index and its stratospheric connection" (PDF). Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 138 (669): 1961–1969. Bibcode:2012QJRMS.138.1961R. doi:10.1002/qj.1935. S2CID 122729063.

mit.edu (Global: 415^th place; English: 327^th place)

web.mit.edu

Francis J; Vavrus S; Cohen J. (2017). "Amplified Arctic warming and mid latitude weather: new perspectives on emerging connections" (PDF). Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 8 (5) e474. 2017 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Bibcode:2017WIRCC...8E.474F. doi:10.1002/wcc.474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2022.

nasa.gov (Global: 75^th place; English: 83^rd place)

gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov

"GEOS-5 Analyses and Forecasts of the Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming of January 2013" (Press release). Goddard Space Flight Center. Retrieved January 8, 2014.

earthobservatory.nasa.gov

NASA (December 21, 2001). "Stratospheric Polar Vortex Influences Winter Cold". Earth Observatory. Archived from the original on March 16, 2010. Retrieved January 7, 2014.

svs.gsfc.nasa.gov

"The Antarctic Ozone Hole Will Recover". NASA. June 4, 2015. Retrieved 2017-08-05.

nasa.gov

"Saturn's Bull's-Eye Marks Its Hot Spot". NASA. 2005. Archived from the original on November 25, 2013. Retrieved January 8, 2014.

nature.com (Global: 234^th place; English: 397^th place)

Kim, Jin-Soo; Kug, Jong-Seong; Jeong, Su-Jong; Huntzinger, Deborah N.; Michalak, Anna M.; Schwalm, Christopher R.; Wei, Yaxing; Schaefer, Kevin (26 October 2021). "Reduced North American terrestrial primary productivity linked to anomalous Arctic warming". Nature Geoscience. 10 (8): 572–576. doi:10.1038/ngeo2986. OSTI 1394479. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Hartmann, D; Schoeberl, M (1991). "The dynamics of the stratospheric polar vortex and its relation to springtime ozone depletions" (PDF). Science. 251 (4989): 46–52. Bibcode:1991Sci...251...46S. doi:10.1126/science.251.4989.46. PMID 17778602. S2CID 24664477. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-02.
Baldwin, M.P.; Dunkerton, TJ (2001). "Stratospheric Harbingers of Anomalous Weather Regimes". Science. 294 (5542): 581–584. Bibcode:2001Sci...294..581B. doi:10.1126/science.1063315. PMID 11641495. S2CID 34595603.
Isaksen, Ketil; Nordli, Øyvind; et al. (15 June 2022). "Exceptional warming over the Barents area". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 9371. Bibcode:2022NatSR..12.9371I. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-13568-5. PMC 9200822. PMID 35705593.
Liu, Jiping; Curry, Judith A.; Wang, Huijun; Song, Mirong; Horton, Radley M. (27 February 2012). "Impact of declining Arctic sea ice on winter snowfall". PNAS. 109 (11): 4074–4079. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.4074L. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114910109. PMC 3306672. PMID 22371563.
Jennifer Francis; Natasa Skific (1 June 2015). "Evidence linking rapid Arctic warming to mid-latitude weather patterns". Philosophical Transactions. 373 (2045) 20140170. Bibcode:2015RSPTA.37340170F. doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0170. PMC 4455715. PMID 26032322.
Mann, Michael E.; Rahmstorf, Stefan (27 March 2017). "Influence of Anthropogenic Climate Change on Planetary Wave Resonance and Extreme Weather Events". Scientific Reports. 7 45242. Bibcode:2017NatSR...745242M. doi:10.1038/srep45242. PMC 5366916. PMID 28345645.
Coumou, D.; Di Capua, G.; Vavrus, S.; Wang, L.; Wang, S. (2018-08-20). "The influence of Arctic amplification on mid-latitude summer circulation". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 2959. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.2959C. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05256-8. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6102303. PMID 30127423.
Cohen, Judah; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Garfinkel, Chaim I.; White, Ian (3 September 2021). "Linking Arctic variability and change with extreme winter weather in the United States". Science. 373 (6559): 1116–1121. Bibcode:2021Sci...373.1116C. doi:10.1126/science.abi9167. PMID 34516838. S2CID 237402139.
Zou, Yofei; Rasch, Philip J.; Wang, Hailong; Xie, Zuowei; Zhang, Rudong (26 October 2021). "Increasing large wildfires over the western United States linked to diminishing sea ice in the Arctic". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 6048. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.6048Z. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26232-9. PMC 8548308. PMID 34702824. S2CID 233618492.
Blackport, Russell; Screen, James A. (February 2020). "Insignificant effect of Arctic amplification on the amplitude of midlatitude atmospheric waves". Science Advances. 6 (8) eaay2880. Bibcode:2020SciA....6.2880B. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay2880. PMC 7030927. PMID 32128402.
Smith, D.M.; Eade, R.; Andrews, M.B.; et al. (7 February 2022). "Robust but weak winter atmospheric circulation response to future Arctic sea ice loss". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 727. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13..727S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28283-y. PMC 8821642. PMID 35132058. S2CID 246637132.
Osman, Matthew B.; Coats, Sloan; Das, Sarah B.; McConnell, Joseph R.; Chellman, Nathan (13 September 2021). "North Atlantic jet stream projections in the context of the past 1,250 years". PNAS. 118 (38). Bibcode:2021PNAS..11804105O. doi:10.1073/pnas.2104105118. PMC 8463874. PMID 34518222.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Isaksen, Ketil; Nordli, Øyvind; et al. (15 June 2022). "Exceptional warming over the Barents area". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 9371. Bibcode:2022NatSR..12.9371I. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-13568-5. PMC 9200822. PMID 35705593.
Liu, Jiping; Curry, Judith A.; Wang, Huijun; Song, Mirong; Horton, Radley M. (27 February 2012). "Impact of declining Arctic sea ice on winter snowfall". PNAS. 109 (11): 4074–4079. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.4074L. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114910109. PMC 3306672. PMID 22371563.
Jennifer Francis; Natasa Skific (1 June 2015). "Evidence linking rapid Arctic warming to mid-latitude weather patterns". Philosophical Transactions. 373 (2045) 20140170. Bibcode:2015RSPTA.37340170F. doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0170. PMC 4455715. PMID 26032322.
Mann, Michael E.; Rahmstorf, Stefan (27 March 2017). "Influence of Anthropogenic Climate Change on Planetary Wave Resonance and Extreme Weather Events". Scientific Reports. 7 45242. Bibcode:2017NatSR...745242M. doi:10.1038/srep45242. PMC 5366916. PMID 28345645.
Coumou, D.; Di Capua, G.; Vavrus, S.; Wang, L.; Wang, S. (2018-08-20). "The influence of Arctic amplification on mid-latitude summer circulation". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 2959. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.2959C. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05256-8. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6102303. PMID 30127423.
Zou, Yofei; Rasch, Philip J.; Wang, Hailong; Xie, Zuowei; Zhang, Rudong (26 October 2021). "Increasing large wildfires over the western United States linked to diminishing sea ice in the Arctic". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 6048. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.6048Z. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26232-9. PMC 8548308. PMID 34702824. S2CID 233618492.
Blackport, Russell; Screen, James A. (February 2020). "Insignificant effect of Arctic amplification on the amplitude of midlatitude atmospheric waves". Science Advances. 6 (8) eaay2880. Bibcode:2020SciA....6.2880B. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay2880. PMC 7030927. PMID 32128402.
Smith, D.M.; Eade, R.; Andrews, M.B.; et al. (7 February 2022). "Robust but weak winter atmospheric circulation response to future Arctic sea ice loss". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 727. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13..727S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28283-y. PMC 8821642. PMID 35132058. S2CID 246637132.
Osman, Matthew B.; Coats, Sloan; Das, Sarah B.; McConnell, Joseph R.; Chellman, Nathan (13 September 2021). "North Atlantic jet stream projections in the context of the past 1,250 years". PNAS. 118 (38). Bibcode:2021PNAS..11804105O. doi:10.1073/pnas.2104105118. PMC 8463874. PMID 34518222.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Plumer, Brad (16 February 2021). "A Glimpse of America's Future: Climate Change Means Trouble for Power Grids". The New York Times.

osti.gov (Global: 2,036^th place; English: 1,254^th place)

Kim, Jin-Soo; Kug, Jong-Seong; Jeong, Su-Jong; Huntzinger, Deborah N.; Michalak, Anna M.; Schwalm, Christopher R.; Wei, Yaxing; Schaefer, Kevin (26 October 2021). "Reduced North American terrestrial primary productivity linked to anomalous Arctic warming". Nature Geoscience. 10 (8): 572–576. doi:10.1038/ngeo2986. OSTI 1394479. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Limpasuvan, Varavut; Hartmann, Dennis L.; Thompson, David W.J.; Jeev, Kumar; Yung, Yuk L. (2005). "Stratosphere-troposphere evolution during polar vortex intensification" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (D24): 27. Bibcode:2005JGRD..11024101L. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.526.9159. doi:10.1029/2005JD006302. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-12. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
Francis, Jennifer A.; Vavrus, Stephen J. (2012). "Evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (6): L06801. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..39.6801F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.419.8599. doi:10.1029/2012GL051000. S2CID 15383119.

reading.ac.uk (Global: 8,258^th place; English: 5,314^th place)

centaur.reading.ac.uk

Kretschmer, Marlene; Coumou, Dim; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Tziperman, Eli; Cohen, Judah (January 2018). "More-Persistent Weak Stratospheric Polar Vortex States Linked to Cold Extremes" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 99 (1): 49–60. Bibcode:2018BAMS...99...49K. doi:10.1175/bams-d-16-0259.1. ISSN 0003-0007. S2CID 51847061. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.

roanoke.com (Global: 6,774^th place; English: 3,754^th place)

Kevin Myatt (2005-01-17). Cold enough for snow, and more's on the way Archived 2013-02-01 at archive.today. Roanoke Times. Retrieved on 2012-02-24.

rug.nl (Global: 2,779^th place; English: 1,997^th place)

pure.rug.nl

Blackport, Russell; Screen, James A.; van der Wiel, Karin; Bintanja, Richard (September 2019). "Minimal influence of reduced Arctic sea ice on coincident cold winters in mid-latitudes" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 9 (9): 697–704. Bibcode:2019NatCC...9..697B. doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0551-4. hdl:10871/39784. S2CID 199542188.

science.org (Global: 1,160^th place; English: 737^th place)

"The Arctic is warming four times faster than the rest of the world". Science Magazine. 2021-12-14. Archived from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
Paul Voosen (2021-05-12). "Landmark study casts doubt on controversial theory linking melting Arctic to severe winter weather". Science Magazine. Archived from the original on 9 March 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2022.

sciencedaily.com (Global: 993^rd place; English: 920^th place)

Screen, James A. (15 June 2014). "Arctic amplification decreases temperature variance in northern mid- to high-latitudes". Nature Climate Change. 4 (7): 577–582. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4..577S. doi:10.1038/nclimate2268. hdl:10871/15095. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.

sciencetimes.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Polar Blast Set To Hit Australia This Weekend, First in 15 Years". Science Times. 21 Aug 2020. Retrieved 25 September 2020.

scientificamerican.com (Global: 896^th place; English: 674^th place)

Fischetti, Mark (2017). "The Arctic Is Getting Crazy". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Cavallo, Steven M.; Hakim, Gregory J. (April 2009). "Potential Vorticity Diagnosis of a Tropopause Polar Cyclone". Monthly Weather Review. 137 (4): 1358–1371. Bibcode:2009MWRv..137.1358C. doi:10.1175/2008MWR2670.1. S2CID 16226331.
Kolstad, Erik W.; Breiteig, Tarjei; Scaife, Adam A. (April 2010). "The association between stratospheric weak polar vortex events and cold air outbreaks in the Northern Hemisphere". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 136 (649): 887. arXiv:0906.0027. Bibcode:2010EGUGA..12.5739K. doi:10.1002/qj.620. S2CID 119249497. Archived from the original on 2020-02-24. Retrieved 2017-12-02.
Robock, Alan (2000). "Volcanic eruptions and climate" (PDF). Reviews of Geophysics. 38 (2): 191–219. Bibcode:2000RvGeo..38..191R. doi:10.1029/1998RG000054. S2CID 1299888. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-02-19.
Li, L; Li, C; Pan, Y (2012). "On the differences and climate impacts of early and late stratospheric polar vortex breakup". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 29 (5): 1119–1128. Bibcode:2012AdAtS..29.1119L. doi:10.1007/s00376-012-1012-4. S2CID 123846176.
Wei, K; Chen, W; Huang, R (2007). "Dynamical diagnosis of the breakup of the stratospheric polar vortex in the northern hemisphere". Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences. 50 (9): 1369–1379. Bibcode:2007ScChD..50.1369W. doi:10.1007/s11430-007-0100-2. S2CID 195309667.
Ripesi, Patrizio; et al. (2012). "The February 2010 Artcic Oscillation Index and its stratospheric connection" (PDF). Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 138 (669): 1961–1969. Bibcode:2012QJRMS.138.1961R. doi:10.1002/qj.1935. S2CID 122729063.
Hartmann, D; Schoeberl, M (1991). "The dynamics of the stratospheric polar vortex and its relation to springtime ozone depletions" (PDF). Science. 251 (4989): 46–52. Bibcode:1991Sci...251...46S. doi:10.1126/science.251.4989.46. PMID 17778602. S2CID 24664477. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-02.
Widnall, S; Sullivan, J (1973). "On the stability of vortex rings". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 332 (1590): 335–353. Bibcode:1973RSPSA.332..335W. doi:10.1098/rspa.1973.0029. S2CID 119959924.
Baldwin, M.P.; Dunkerton, TJ (2001). "Stratospheric Harbingers of Anomalous Weather Regimes". Science. 294 (5542): 581–584. Bibcode:2001Sci...294..581B. doi:10.1126/science.1063315. PMID 11641495. S2CID 34595603.
Archer, Cristina L.; Caldeira, Ken (18 April 2008). "Historical trends in the jet streams". Geophysical Research Letters. 35 (8). Bibcode:2008GeoRL..35.8803A. doi:10.1029/2008GL033614. S2CID 59377392.
Rantanen, Mika; Karpechko, Alexey Yu; Lipponen, Antti; Nordling, Kalle; Hyvärinen, Otto; Ruosteenoja, Kimmo; Vihma, Timo; Laaksonen, Ari (11 August 2022). "The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 168. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3..168R. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3. hdl:11250/3115996. ISSN 2662-4435. S2CID 251498876.
Francis, Jennifer A.; Vavrus, Stephen J. (2012). "Evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (6): L06801. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..39.6801F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.419.8599. doi:10.1029/2012GL051000. S2CID 15383119.
Lue, J.-M.; Kim, S.-J.; Abe-Ouchi, A.; Yu, Y.; Ohgaito, R. (2010). "Arctic Oscillation during the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum from PMIP2 Coupled Model Simulations". Journal of Climate. 23 (14): 3792–3813. Bibcode:2010JCli...23.3792L. doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3331.1. S2CID 129156297.
Mitchell, Daniel M.; Osprey, Scott M.; Gray, Lesley J.; Butchart, Neal; Hardiman, Steven C.; Charlton-Perez, Andrew J.; Watson, Peter (August 2012). "The Effect of Climate Change on the Variability of the Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Polar Vortex". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 69 (8): 2608–2618. Bibcode:2012JAtS...69.2608M. doi:10.1175/jas-d-12-021.1. ISSN 0022-4928. S2CID 122783377.
Kretschmer, Marlene; Coumou, Dim; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Tziperman, Eli; Cohen, Judah (January 2018). "More-Persistent Weak Stratospheric Polar Vortex States Linked to Cold Extremes" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 99 (1): 49–60. Bibcode:2018BAMS...99...49K. doi:10.1175/bams-d-16-0259.1. ISSN 0003-0007. S2CID 51847061. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Cohen, Judah; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Garfinkel, Chaim I.; White, Ian (3 September 2021). "Linking Arctic variability and change with extreme winter weather in the United States". Science. 373 (6559): 1116–1121. Bibcode:2021Sci...373.1116C. doi:10.1126/science.abi9167. PMID 34516838. S2CID 237402139.
Zou, Yofei; Rasch, Philip J.; Wang, Hailong; Xie, Zuowei; Zhang, Rudong (26 October 2021). "Increasing large wildfires over the western United States linked to diminishing sea ice in the Arctic". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 6048. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.6048Z. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26232-9. PMC 8548308. PMID 34702824. S2CID 233618492.
Weng, H. (2012). "Impacts of multi-scale solar activity on climate. Part I: Atmospheric circulation patterns and climate extremes". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 29 (4): 867–886. Bibcode:2012AdAtS..29..867W. doi:10.1007/s00376-012-1238-1. S2CID 123066849.
Seviour, William J.M. (14 April 2017). "Weakening and shift of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex: Internal variability or forced response?". Geophysical Research Letters. 44 (7): 3365–3373. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..44.3365S. doi:10.1002/2017GL073071. hdl:1983/caf74781-222b-4735-b171-8842cead4086. S2CID 131938684.
van Oldenborgh, Geert Jan; Mitchell-Larson, Eli; Vecchi, Gabriel A.; de Vries, Hylke; Vautar, Robert; Otto, Friederike (22 November 2019). "Cold waves are getting milder in the northern midlatitudes". Environmental Research Letters. 14 (11): 114004. Bibcode:2019ERL....14k4004V. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab4867. S2CID 204420462.
Blackport, Russell; Screen, James A.; van der Wiel, Karin; Bintanja, Richard (September 2019). "Minimal influence of reduced Arctic sea ice on coincident cold winters in mid-latitudes" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 9 (9): 697–704. Bibcode:2019NatCC...9..697B. doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0551-4. hdl:10871/39784. S2CID 199542188.
Streffing, Jan; Semmler, Tido; Zampieri, Lorenzo; Jung, Thomas (24 September 2021). "Response of Northern Hemisphere Weather and Climate to Arctic Sea Ice Decline: Resolution Independence in Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project (PAMIP) Simulations". Journal of Climate. 34 (20): 8445–8457. Bibcode:2021JCli...34.8445S. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1005.1. S2CID 239631549.
Smith, D.M.; Eade, R.; Andrews, M.B.; et al. (7 February 2022). "Robust but weak winter atmospheric circulation response to future Arctic sea ice loss". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 727. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13..727S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28283-y. PMC 8821642. PMID 35132058. S2CID 246637132.
Martin, Jonathan E. (14 April 2021). "Recent Trends in the Waviness of the Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Polar and Subtropical Jets". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 126 (9). Bibcode:2021JGRD..12633668M. doi:10.1029/2020JD033668. S2CID 222246122. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Tenenbaum, Joel; Williams, Paul D.; Turp, Debi; Buchanan, Piers; Coulson, Robert; Gill, Philip G.; Lunnon, Robert W.; Oztunali, Marguerite G.; Rankin, John; Rukhovets, Leonid (July 2022). "Aircraft observations and reanalysis depictions of trends in the North Atlantic winter jet stream wind speeds and turbulence". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 148 (747): 2927–2941. Bibcode:2022QJRMS.148.2927T. doi:10.1002/qj.4342. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 250029057.

pdfs.semanticscholar.org

Robock, Alan (2000). "Volcanic eruptions and climate" (PDF). Reviews of Geophysics. 38 (2): 191–219. Bibcode:2000RvGeo..38..191R. doi:10.1029/1998RG000054. S2CID 1299888. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-02-19.
Hartmann, D; Schoeberl, M (1991). "The dynamics of the stratospheric polar vortex and its relation to springtime ozone depletions" (PDF). Science. 251 (4989): 46–52. Bibcode:1991Sci...251...46S. doi:10.1126/science.251.4989.46. PMID 17778602. S2CID 24664477. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-02.

smh.com.au (Global: 132^nd place; English: 96^th place)

"'Twin peaks': Sydney prepares for double burst of polar chill". Sydney Morning Herald. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2020.

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

Damian Carrington (2022-06-15). "New data reveals extraordinary global heating in the Arctic". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
"Extreme global weather is 'the face of climate change' says leading scientist". The Guardian. 2018. Archived from the original on 13 April 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2022.

time.com (Global: 61^st place; English: 54^th place)

science.time.com

Walsh, Bryan (6 January 2014). "Polar Vortex: Climate Change Might Just Be Driving the Historic Cold Snap". Time. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2014.

vedur.is (Global: low place; English: low place)

andvari.vedur.is

Halldór Björnsson. "Global circulation". Archived from the original on March 24, 2010. Retrieved September 2, 2016.. Veðurstofa Íslands. Retrieved on 2008-06-15.

washington.edu (Global: 1,067^th place; English: 749^th place)

jisao.washington.edu

Todd Mitchell (2004). Arctic Oscillation (AO) time series, 1899 – June 2002 Archived 2003-12-12 at the Wayback Machine. University of Washington. Retrieved on 2009-03-02.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"UK Flooding and the Science of Climate Change". 9 February 2014. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
Halldór Björnsson. "Global circulation". Archived from the original on March 24, 2010. Retrieved September 2, 2016.. Veðurstofa Íslands. Retrieved on 2008-06-15.
Kolstad, Erik W.; Breiteig, Tarjei; Scaife, Adam A. (April 2010). "The association between stratospheric weak polar vortex events and cold air outbreaks in the Northern Hemisphere". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 136 (649): 887. arXiv:0906.0027. Bibcode:2010EGUGA..12.5739K. doi:10.1002/qj.620. S2CID 119249497. Archived from the original on 2020-02-24. Retrieved 2017-12-02.
Abdolreza Kashki & Javad Khoshhal (2013-11-22). "Investigation of the Role of Polar Vortex in Iranian First and Last Snowfalls". Journal of Geology and Geography. 5 (4). ISSN 1916-9779. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
Robock, Alan (2000). "Volcanic eruptions and climate" (PDF). Reviews of Geophysics. 38 (2): 191–219. Bibcode:2000RvGeo..38..191R. doi:10.1029/1998RG000054. S2CID 1299888. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-02-19.
Todd Mitchell (2004). Arctic Oscillation (AO) time series, 1899 – June 2002 Archived 2003-12-12 at the Wayback Machine. University of Washington. Retrieved on 2009-03-02.
Limpasuvan, Varavut; Hartmann, Dennis L.; Thompson, David W.J.; Jeev, Kumar; Yung, Yuk L. (2005). "Stratosphere-troposphere evolution during polar vortex intensification" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (D24): 27. Bibcode:2005JGRD..11024101L. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.526.9159. doi:10.1029/2005JD006302. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-12. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
Hartmann, D; Schoeberl, M (1991). "The dynamics of the stratospheric polar vortex and its relation to springtime ozone depletions" (PDF). Science. 251 (4989): 46–52. Bibcode:1991Sci...251...46S. doi:10.1126/science.251.4989.46. PMID 17778602. S2CID 24664477. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-02.
"The Warm West, Cool East U.S. Temperature Divide | Climate Nexus". Archived from the original on 2015-12-07. Retrieved 2015-11-26.
NASA (December 21, 2001). "Stratospheric Polar Vortex Influences Winter Cold". Earth Observatory. Archived from the original on March 16, 2010. Retrieved January 7, 2014.
"Jet stream found to be permanently drifting north". Associated Press. 2008-04-18. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
"The Arctic is warming four times faster than the rest of the world". Science Magazine. 2021-12-14. Archived from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
Damian Carrington (2022-06-15). "New data reveals extraordinary global heating in the Arctic". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
Friedlander, Blaine (4 March 2013). "Arctic ice loss amplified Superstorm Sandy violence". Cornell Chronicle. Archived from the original on 11 June 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
Walsh, Bryan (6 January 2014). "Polar Vortex: Climate Change Might Just Be Driving the Historic Cold Snap". Time. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
Spotts, Pete (6 January 2014). "How frigid 'polar vortex' could be result of global warming (+video)". The Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
"Extreme global weather is 'the face of climate change' says leading scientist". The Guardian. 2018. Archived from the original on 13 April 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Francis J; Vavrus S; Cohen J. (2017). "Amplified Arctic warming and mid latitude weather: new perspectives on emerging connections" (PDF). Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 8 (5) e474. 2017 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Bibcode:2017WIRCC...8E.474F. doi:10.1002/wcc.474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Fischetti, Mark (2017). "The Arctic Is Getting Crazy". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Kretschmer, Marlene; Coumou, Dim; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Tziperman, Eli; Cohen, Judah (January 2018). "More-Persistent Weak Stratospheric Polar Vortex States Linked to Cold Extremes" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 99 (1): 49–60. Bibcode:2018BAMS...99...49K. doi:10.1175/bams-d-16-0259.1. ISSN 0003-0007. S2CID 51847061. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Kim, Jin-Soo; Kug, Jong-Seong; Jeong, Su-Jong; Huntzinger, Deborah N.; Michalak, Anna M.; Schwalm, Christopher R.; Wei, Yaxing; Schaefer, Kevin (26 October 2021). "Reduced North American terrestrial primary productivity linked to anomalous Arctic warming". Nature Geoscience. 10 (8): 572–576. doi:10.1038/ngeo2986. OSTI 1394479. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
"Climate change: Arctic warming linked to colder winters". BBC News. 2 September 2021. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
Screen, James A. (15 June 2014). "Arctic amplification decreases temperature variance in northern mid- to high-latitudes". Nature Climate Change. 4 (7): 577–582. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4..577S. doi:10.1038/nclimate2268. hdl:10871/15095. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Paul Voosen (2021-05-12). "Landmark study casts doubt on controversial theory linking melting Arctic to severe winter weather". Science Magazine. Archived from the original on 9 March 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
Martin, Jonathan E. (14 April 2021). "Recent Trends in the Waviness of the Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Polar and Subtropical Jets". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 126 (9). Bibcode:2021JGRD..12633668M. doi:10.1029/2020JD033668. S2CID 222246122. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
"Arctic ozone loss at record level". BBC News Online. October 2, 2011. Archived from the original on October 3, 2011. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
"Saturn's Bull's-Eye Marks Its Hot Spot". NASA. 2005. Archived from the original on November 25, 2013. Retrieved January 8, 2014.

wiley.com (Global: 222^nd place; English: 297^th place)

agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Martin, Jonathan E. (14 April 2021). "Recent Trends in the Waviness of the Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Polar and Subtropical Jets". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 126 (9). Bibcode:2021JGRD..12633668M. doi:10.1029/2020JD033668. S2CID 222246122. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Tenenbaum, Joel; Williams, Paul D.; Turp, Debi; Buchanan, Piers; Coulson, Robert; Gill, Philip G.; Lunnon, Robert W.; Oztunali, Marguerite G.; Rankin, John; Rukhovets, Leonid (July 2022). "Aircraft observations and reanalysis depictions of trends in the North Atlantic winter jet stream wind speeds and turbulence". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 148 (747): 2927–2941. Bibcode:2022QJRMS.148.2927T. doi:10.1002/qj.4342. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 250029057.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Abdolreza Kashki & Javad Khoshhal (2013-11-22). "Investigation of the Role of Polar Vortex in Iranian First and Last Snowfalls". Journal of Geology and Geography. 5 (4). ISSN 1916-9779. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
Rantanen, Mika; Karpechko, Alexey Yu; Lipponen, Antti; Nordling, Kalle; Hyvärinen, Otto; Ruosteenoja, Kimmo; Vihma, Timo; Laaksonen, Ari (11 August 2022). "The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 168. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3..168R. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3. hdl:11250/3115996. ISSN 2662-4435. S2CID 251498876.
Mitchell, Daniel M.; Osprey, Scott M.; Gray, Lesley J.; Butchart, Neal; Hardiman, Steven C.; Charlton-Perez, Andrew J.; Watson, Peter (August 2012). "The Effect of Climate Change on the Variability of the Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Polar Vortex". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 69 (8): 2608–2618. Bibcode:2012JAtS...69.2608M. doi:10.1175/jas-d-12-021.1. ISSN 0022-4928. S2CID 122783377.
Kretschmer, Marlene; Coumou, Dim; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Tziperman, Eli; Cohen, Judah (January 2018). "More-Persistent Weak Stratospheric Polar Vortex States Linked to Cold Extremes" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 99 (1): 49–60. Bibcode:2018BAMS...99...49K. doi:10.1175/bams-d-16-0259.1. ISSN 0003-0007. S2CID 51847061. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
Coumou, D.; Di Capua, G.; Vavrus, S.; Wang, L.; Wang, S. (2018-08-20). "The influence of Arctic amplification on mid-latitude summer circulation". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 2959. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.2959C. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05256-8. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6102303. PMID 30127423.
Tenenbaum, Joel; Williams, Paul D.; Turp, Debi; Buchanan, Piers; Coulson, Robert; Gill, Philip G.; Lunnon, Robert W.; Oztunali, Marguerite G.; Rankin, John; Rukhovets, Leonid (July 2022). "Aircraft observations and reanalysis depictions of trends in the North Atlantic winter jet stream wind speeds and turbulence". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 148 (747): 2927–2941. Bibcode:2022QJRMS.148.2927T. doi:10.1002/qj.4342. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 250029057.

wunderground.com (Global: 4,976^th place; English: 3,595^th place)

Erdman, Jon (2014). "What's a Polar Vortex?: The Science Behind Arctic Outbreaks". wunderground. Retrieved 25 February 2014.

zenodo.org (Global: 621^st place; English: 380^th place)

Nash, E; Newman, P; Rosenfield, J; Schoeberl, M (2012). "An objective determination of the polar vortex using Ertel's potential vorticity". Journal of Geophysical Research. 101 (D5): 9471–9478. Bibcode:1996JGR...101.9471N. doi:10.1029/96JD00066.

Polar vortex (English Wikipedia)

academia.edu (Global: 121st place; English: 142nd place)

ametsoc.org (Global: 4,162nd place; English: 3,578th place)

glossary.ametsoc.org

archive.today (Global: 14th place; English: 14th place)

arxiv.org (Global: 69th place; English: 59th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8th place; English: 10th place)

bbc.com (Global: 20th place; English: 30th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

bris.ac.uk (Global: 4,848th place; English: 3,431st place)

research-information.bris.ac.uk

caltech.edu (Global: 887th place; English: 714th place)

yly-mac.gps.caltech.edu

ccsenet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

climatenexus.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

climatestate.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

cornell.edu (Global: 332nd place; English: 246th place)

news.cornell.edu

csmonitor.com (Global: 791st place; English: 550th place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

esa.int (Global: 1,482nd place; English: 1,468th place)

eurekalert.org (Global: 3,538th place; English: 3,083rd place)

handle.net (Global: 102nd place; English: 76th place)

hdl.handle.net

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

independent.co.uk (Global: 36th place; English: 33rd place)

komonews.com (Global: 9,578th place; English: 5,378th place)

meteoam.it (Global: 6,918th place; English: 9,624th place)

clima.meteoam.it

mit.edu (Global: 415th place; English: 327th place)

web.mit.edu

nasa.gov (Global: 75th place; English: 83rd place)

gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov

earthobservatory.nasa.gov

svs.gsfc.nasa.gov

nasa.gov

nature.com (Global: 234th place; English: 397th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)

osti.gov (Global: 2,036th place; English: 1,254th place)

psu.edu (Global: 207th place; English: 136th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

reading.ac.uk (Global: 8,258th place; English: 5,314th place)

centaur.reading.ac.uk

roanoke.com (Global: 6,774th place; English: 3,754th place)

rug.nl (Global: 2,779th place; English: 1,997th place)

pure.rug.nl

science.org (Global: 1,160th place; English: 737th place)

sciencedaily.com (Global: 993rd place; English: 920th place)

sciencetimes.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

scientificamerican.com (Global: 896th place; English: 674th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

pdfs.semanticscholar.org

smh.com.au (Global: 132nd place; English: 96th place)

theguardian.com (Global: 12th place; English: 11th place)

time.com (Global: 61st place; English: 54th place)

science.time.com

vedur.is (Global: low place; English: low place)

andvari.vedur.is

washington.edu (Global: 1,067th place; English: 749th place)

jisao.washington.edu

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

wiley.com (Global: 222nd place; English: 297th place)

agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

wunderground.com (Global: 4,976th place; English: 3,595th place)

zenodo.org (Global: 621st place; English: 380th place)

academia.edu (Global: 121^st place; English: 142^nd place)

ametsoc.org (Global: 4,162^nd place; English: 3,578^th place)

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

bris.ac.uk (Global: 4,848^th place; English: 3,431^st place)

caltech.edu (Global: 887^th place; English: 714^th place)

cornell.edu (Global: 332^nd place; English: 246^th place)

csmonitor.com (Global: 791^st place; English: 550^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

esa.int (Global: 1,482^nd place; English: 1,468^th place)

eurekalert.org (Global: 3,538^th place; English: 3,083^rd place)

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

independent.co.uk (Global: 36^th place; English: 33^rd place)

komonews.com (Global: 9,578^th place; English: 5,378^th place)

meteoam.it (Global: 6,918^th place; English: 9,624^th place)

mit.edu (Global: 415^th place; English: 327^th place)

nasa.gov (Global: 75^th place; English: 83^rd place)

nature.com (Global: 234^th place; English: 397^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

osti.gov (Global: 2,036^th place; English: 1,254^th place)

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

reading.ac.uk (Global: 8,258^th place; English: 5,314^th place)

roanoke.com (Global: 6,774^th place; English: 3,754^th place)

rug.nl (Global: 2,779^th place; English: 1,997^th place)

science.org (Global: 1,160^th place; English: 737^th place)

sciencedaily.com (Global: 993^rd place; English: 920^th place)

scientificamerican.com (Global: 896^th place; English: 674^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

smh.com.au (Global: 132^nd place; English: 96^th place)

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

time.com (Global: 61^st place; English: 54^th place)

washington.edu (Global: 1,067^th place; English: 749^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

wiley.com (Global: 222^nd place; English: 297^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

wunderground.com (Global: 4,976^th place; English: 3,595^th place)

zenodo.org (Global: 621^st place; English: 380^th place)