Pomeranian dog (English Wikipedia)

"AKC Dog Registration Statistics". American Kennel Club. Archived from the original on 25 September 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2009.
"AKC Dog Registration Statistics". American Kennel Club. Archived from the original on 25 September 2009. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
"Pomeranian Info". American Kennel Club. Retrieved 27 October 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Hale, Rachael (2008). Dogs: 101 Adorable Breeds. Andrews McMeel. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-7407-7342-6.
Boswell, James (1764). Pottle, Frederick A. (ed.). Boswell on the Grand Tour: Germany and Switzerland (1st ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 165. Archived from the original on 23 June 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2009.
Pennant, Thomas (1776). A Tour in Scotland 1769 (Fourth ed.). Benj White. p. 159. Retrieved 29 November 2009. pomeranian.

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

"FCI-Standard N° 97: German Spitz, Including Keeshond And Pomeranian". Fédération Cynologique Internationale. 5 March 1998. Archived from the original on 7 July 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2010.

dogsaustralia.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"National Animal Registration Analysis 1986-1999" (PDF). Australian National Kennel Council. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
"National Animal Registration Analysis 2018-2023" (PDF). Australian National Kennel Council. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 June 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (1 February 2024). "Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 531. Bibcode:2024NatSR..14..531M. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10834484. PMID 38302530.
INOUE, Mai; KWAN, Nigel C. L.; SUGIURA, Katsuaki (2018). "Estimating the life expectancy of companion dogs in Japan using pet cemetery data". Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 80 (7). Japanese Society of Veterinary Science: 1153–1158. doi:10.1292/jvms.17-0384. ISSN 0916-7250. PMC 6068313. PMID 29798968.
Borge, Kaja Sverdrup; Tønnessen, Ragnhild; Nødtvedt, Ane; Indrebø, Astrid (March 2011). "Litter size at birth in purebred dogs—A retrospective study of 224 breeds". Theriogenology. 75 (5): 911–919. doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.10.034. PMID 21196028. Pomeranian and Toy Poodle had the smallest mean litter size in our study [2.4], which is in line with the results of previous studies [7–9,15]. A mean litter size of 2.0 puppies in Pomeranian was reported in the Australian study (n 2) [15]. In studies including only registered puppies, Lyngset et al [7], Tedor [8] and Bergström et al [9] found a mean litter size of 2.04 (n 108), 2.71 (n 33,648) and 1.9 (n 954) puppies in Pomeranian, respectively.
O’Neill, Dan G.; Meeson, Richard L.; Sheridan, Adam; Church, David B.; Brodbelt, Dave C. (2016). "The epidemiology of patellar luxation in dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England". Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 3 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/s40575-016-0034-0. ISSN 2052-6687. PMC 4898461. PMID 27280025.
Tobias, Karen M.; Rohrbach, Barton W. (1 December 2003). "Association of breed with the diagnosis of congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs: 2,400 cases (1980–2002)". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 223 (11): 1636–1639. doi:10.2460/javma.2003.223.1636. ISSN 0003-1488. PMID 14664452.
Kutsunai, M.; Kanemoto, H.; Fukushima, K.; Fujino, Y.; Ohno, K.; Tsujimoto, H. (2014). "The association between gall bladder mucoceles and hyperlipidaemia in dogs: A retrospective case control study". The Veterinary Journal. 199 (1). Elsevier BV: 76–79. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.10.019. ISSN 1090-0233. PMID 24268484.

fci.be (Global: 1,294^th place; English: 1,408^th place)

"FCI-Standard N° 97: German Spitz, Including Keeshond And Pomeranian". Fédération Cynologique Internationale. 5 March 1998. Archived from the original on 7 July 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2010.

genmarkag.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Merle Gene" (PDF). GenMark. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 6 December 2009.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (1 February 2024). "Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 531. Bibcode:2024NatSR..14..531M. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10834484. PMID 38302530.

lostandfond.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Lost and Fond: Fate of the Pets Who Sailed on the Titanic". Caittom Publishing. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2010.

news.google.com (Global: 59^th place; English: 45^th place)

"A Pup For Christmas". The Sydney Morning Herald. 25 November 1974. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
"Annual Dog Work Is In 37th Year". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 20 September 1964. Retrieved 29 January 2014.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (1 February 2024). "Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 531. Bibcode:2024NatSR..14..531M. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10834484. PMID 38302530.
INOUE, Mai; KWAN, Nigel C. L.; SUGIURA, Katsuaki (2018). "Estimating the life expectancy of companion dogs in Japan using pet cemetery data". Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 80 (7). Japanese Society of Veterinary Science: 1153–1158. doi:10.1292/jvms.17-0384. ISSN 0916-7250. PMC 6068313. PMID 29798968.
Borge, Kaja Sverdrup; Tønnessen, Ragnhild; Nødtvedt, Ane; Indrebø, Astrid (March 2011). "Litter size at birth in purebred dogs—A retrospective study of 224 breeds". Theriogenology. 75 (5): 911–919. doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.10.034. PMID 21196028. Pomeranian and Toy Poodle had the smallest mean litter size in our study [2.4], which is in line with the results of previous studies [7–9,15]. A mean litter size of 2.0 puppies in Pomeranian was reported in the Australian study (n 2) [15]. In studies including only registered puppies, Lyngset et al [7], Tedor [8] and Bergström et al [9] found a mean litter size of 2.04 (n 108), 2.71 (n 33,648) and 1.9 (n 954) puppies in Pomeranian, respectively.
O’Neill, Dan G.; Meeson, Richard L.; Sheridan, Adam; Church, David B.; Brodbelt, Dave C. (2016). "The epidemiology of patellar luxation in dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England". Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 3 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/s40575-016-0034-0. ISSN 2052-6687. PMC 4898461. PMID 27280025.
Tobias, Karen M.; Rohrbach, Barton W. (1 December 2003). "Association of breed with the diagnosis of congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs: 2,400 cases (1980–2002)". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 223 (11): 1636–1639. doi:10.2460/javma.2003.223.1636. ISSN 0003-1488. PMID 14664452.
Kutsunai, M.; Kanemoto, H.; Fukushima, K.; Fujino, Y.; Ohno, K.; Tsujimoto, H. (2014). "The association between gall bladder mucoceles and hyperlipidaemia in dogs: A retrospective case control study". The Veterinary Journal. 199 (1). Elsevier BV: 76–79. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.10.019. ISSN 1090-0233. PMID 24268484.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (1 February 2024). "Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 531. Bibcode:2024NatSR..14..531M. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10834484. PMID 38302530.
INOUE, Mai; KWAN, Nigel C. L.; SUGIURA, Katsuaki (2018). "Estimating the life expectancy of companion dogs in Japan using pet cemetery data". Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 80 (7). Japanese Society of Veterinary Science: 1153–1158. doi:10.1292/jvms.17-0384. ISSN 0916-7250. PMC 6068313. PMID 29798968.
O’Neill, Dan G.; Meeson, Richard L.; Sheridan, Adam; Church, David B.; Brodbelt, Dave C. (2016). "The epidemiology of patellar luxation in dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England". Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 3 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/s40575-016-0034-0. ISSN 2052-6687. PMC 4898461. PMID 27280025.

premierpoms.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Pomeranian History". Premier Pomeranians. Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2009.

shoresanimalclinic.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Ward, Ernest (2009). "Cryptorchidism in Dogs". Shores Animal Clinic. Lifelearn. Archived from the original on 16 July 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2011.

thekennelclub.org.uk (Global: 2,829^th place; English: 2,393^rd place)

"Top Twenty Breeds in Registration Order for the Years 2007 and 2008" (PDF). The Kennel Club. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2009.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Pomeranian History". Premier Pomeranians. Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2009.
"What is a Pomeranian". Web Answers. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 2 February 2010.
"Merle Gene" (PDF). GenMark. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 6 December 2009.
Ward, Ernest (2009). "Cryptorchidism in Dogs". Shores Animal Clinic. Lifelearn. Archived from the original on 16 July 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
Boswell, James (1764). Pottle, Frederick A. (ed.). Boswell on the Grand Tour: Germany and Switzerland (1st ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 165. Archived from the original on 23 June 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2009.
"Lost and Fond: Fate of the Pets Who Sailed on the Titanic". Caittom Publishing. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2010.
"Best in Show Winners". Westminster Kennel Club. Archived from the original on 25 December 2007. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
"AKC Dog Registration Statistics". American Kennel Club. Archived from the original on 25 September 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2009.
"AKC Dog Registration Statistics". American Kennel Club. Archived from the original on 25 September 2009. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
"Top Twenty Breeds in Registration Order for the Years 2007 and 2008" (PDF). The Kennel Club. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2009.
"National Animal Registration Analysis 1986-1999" (PDF). Australian National Kennel Council. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
"National Animal Registration Analysis 2018-2023" (PDF). Australian National Kennel Council. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 June 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.

webanswers.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"What is a Pomeranian". Web Answers. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 2 February 2010.

westminsterkennelclub.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Best in Show Winners". Westminster Kennel Club. Archived from the original on 25 December 2007. Retrieved 6 January 2010.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (1 February 2024). "Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 531. Bibcode:2024NatSR..14..531M. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10834484. PMID 38302530.
INOUE, Mai; KWAN, Nigel C. L.; SUGIURA, Katsuaki (2018). "Estimating the life expectancy of companion dogs in Japan using pet cemetery data". Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 80 (7). Japanese Society of Veterinary Science: 1153–1158. doi:10.1292/jvms.17-0384. ISSN 0916-7250. PMC 6068313. PMID 29798968.
O’Neill, Dan G.; Meeson, Richard L.; Sheridan, Adam; Church, David B.; Brodbelt, Dave C. (2016). "The epidemiology of patellar luxation in dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England". Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 3 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/s40575-016-0034-0. ISSN 2052-6687. PMC 4898461. PMID 27280025.
Tobias, Karen M.; Rohrbach, Barton W. (1 December 2003). "Association of breed with the diagnosis of congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs: 2,400 cases (1980–2002)". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 223 (11): 1636–1639. doi:10.2460/javma.2003.223.1636. ISSN 0003-1488. PMID 14664452.
Kutsunai, M.; Kanemoto, H.; Fukushima, K.; Fujino, Y.; Ohno, K.; Tsujimoto, H. (2014). "The association between gall bladder mucoceles and hyperlipidaemia in dogs: A retrospective case control study". The Veterinary Journal. 199 (1). Elsevier BV: 76–79. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.10.019. ISSN 1090-0233. PMID 24268484.

Pomeranian dog (English Wikipedia)

akc.org (Global: 1,198th place; English: 912th place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

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fci.be (Global: 1,294th place; English: 1,408th place)

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shoresanimalclinic.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

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