Popcorn (English Wikipedia)

"Preparing Perfect Popcorn (Saving 'Old Maids')". popcorn.org. The Popcorn Board. Archived from the original on 6 August 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.

ask-force.org

Dykes L, Rooney LW (2006). "Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants" (PDF). Journal of Cereal Science. 44 (3): 236–251. doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2006.06.007. ISSN 0733-5210.

bakeryandsnacks.com

"The popcorn of all ages: By volume, America's most popular snack - video". BakeryAndSnacks.com. 17 January 2019. Retrieved 8 July 2025.

books.google.com

Smith, C. Wayne; Betrán, Javier; Runge, Edward C. A. (8 March 2004). Corn: Origin, History, Technology, and Production. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-41184-0.
Dick, Herbert W. (1957). The Archaeology of Bat Cave, Catron County, New Mexico. Harvard University.
O’Connell, Libby (2014). The American Plate: A Culinary History in 100 Bites. Sourcebooks, Inc. p. 96. ISBN 978-1-4926-0303-0. Retrieved 30 May 2025.

cambridge.org

"The Archaeological Evidence". Maize: Origin, Domestication, and Its Role in the Development of Culture. Cambridge University Press: 118–220. 2013. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139149433.005. ISBN 978-1-139-14943-3. Retrieved 9 October 2024.

ccretors.ae

ccretors (21 August 2023). "Why popcorn pops - C.Cretors General Trading". Retrieved 8 July 2025.

chieftain.com

Smith, Erin. "Friends celebrate completion of professor Dick's project". Pueblo Chieftain. Retrieved 9 October 2024.

conservation-us.org

cool.conservation-us.org

"Real Popcorn as Packing Material". Abbey Newsletter. April 1992.

cornell.edu

usda.mannlib.cornell.edu

1981 Popcorn Acreage and Production Up Sharply (PDF) (Report). US Department of Agriculture. 15 January 1982. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2007.
Fereira, John. "ESMIS – View Document Info". Usda.mannlib.cornell.edu. Retrieved 4 August 2019.

crackerjack.com

"Brief History". Frito-Lay. Archived from the original on 4 February 2011.

doi.org

Matsuoka, Yoshihiro; Vigouroux, Yves; Goodman, Major M.; Sanchez G., Jesus; Buckler, Edward; Doebley, John (30 April 2002). "A single domestication for maize shown by multilocus microsatellite genotyping". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (9): 6080–6084. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.6080M. doi:10.1073/pnas.052125199. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 122905. PMID 11983901.
Gish Hill, Christina (23 October 2024), "Indigenous Foodways among Native Americans", Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Food Studies, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780197762530.013.47, ISBN 978-0-19-776253-0, retrieved 17 May 2025
Grobman, Alexander; Bonavia, Duccio; Dillehay, Tom D.; Piperno, Dolores R.; Iriarte, José; Holst, Irene (31 January 2012). "Preceramic maize from Paredones and Huaca Prieta, Peru". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (5): 1755–1759. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.1755G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1120270109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3277113. PMID 22307642.
Ranere, Anthony J.; Piperno, Dolores R.; Holst, Irene; Dickau, Ruth; Iriarte, José (31 March 2009). "The cultural and chronological context of early Holocene maize and squash domestication in the Central Balsas River Valley, Mexico". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (13): 5014–5018. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.5014R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0812590106. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2664064. PMID 19307573.
Kennett, Douglas J.; Prufer, Keith M.; Culleton, Brendan J.; George, Richard J.; Robinson, Mark; Trask, Willa R.; Buckley, Gina M.; Moes, Emily; Kate, Emily J.; Harper, Thomas K.; O’Donnell, Lexi; Ray, Erin E.; Hill, Ethan C.; Alsgaard, Asia; Merriman, Christopher (3 June 2020). "Early isotopic evidence for maize as a staple grain in the Americas". Science Advances. 6 (23): eaba3245. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba3245. PMC 7269666. PMID 32537504.
Staller, John; Tykot, Robert; Benz, Bruce, eds. (2016). Histories of Maize in Mesoamerica | Multidisciplinary Approaches | Joh. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.4324/9781315427294. ISBN 978-1-315-42728-7. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024.
Grobman, A.; Bonavia, D.; Dillehay, T.D.; Piperno, D.R.; Iriarte, J.; Holst, I. (2012). "Preceramic maize from Paredones and Huaca Prieta, Peru". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (5): 1755–1759. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.1755G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1120270109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3277113. PMID 22307642.
Lombardo, Umberto; Hilbert, Lautaro; Bentley, McKenzie; Bronk Ramsey, Christopher; Dudgeon, Kate; Gaitan-Roca, Albert; Iriarte, José; Mejía Ramón, Andrés G.; Quezada, Sergio; Raczka, Marco; Watling, Jennifer G.; Neves, Eduardo; Mayle, Francis (March 2025). "Maize monoculture supported pre-Columbian urbanism in southwestern Amazonia". Nature. 639 (8053): 119–123. Bibcode:2025Natur.639..119L. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08473-y. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 11882439. PMID 39880950.
Lombardo, Umberto; Iriarte, José; Hilbert, Lautaro; Ruiz-Pérez, Javier; Capriles, José M.; Veit, Heinz (May 2020). "Early Holocene crop cultivation and landscape modification in Amazonia". Nature. 581 (7807): 190–193. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..190L. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2162-7. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 7250647. PMID 32404996.
"The Archaeological Evidence". Maize: Origin, Domestication, and Its Role in the Development of Culture. Cambridge University Press: 118–220. 2013. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139149433.005. ISBN 978-1-139-14943-3. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
"TABLE 4-7 Comparison of Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in This Report to Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in the 2005 DRI Report". p. 120. In: Stallings, Virginia A.; Harrison, Meghan; Oria, Maria, eds. (2019). "Potassium: Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy". Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. pp. 101–124. doi:10.17226/25353. ISBN 978-0-309-48834-1. PMID 30844154. NCBI NBK545428.
Dykes L, Rooney LW (2006). "Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants" (PDF). Journal of Cereal Science. 44 (3): 236–251. doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2006.06.007. ISSN 0733-5210.
Luca SV, Macovei I, Bujor A, Trifan A (2020). "Bioactivity of dietary polyphenols: The role of metabolites". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 60 (4): 626–659. doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1546669. PMID 30614249. S2CID 58651581.

evidnt.co

Alex (11 January 2025). "Evidnt". Evidnt. Retrieved 8 July 2025.

fda.gov

United States Food and Drug Administration (2024). "Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels". FDA. Archived from the original on 27 March 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
"Prevent Your Child From Choking". Food and Drug Administration. Archived from the original on 25 May 2009. Retrieved 7 January 2007.

foodnavigator-usa.com

"Popcorn brands ban diacytel". Foodnavigator-usa.com. 5 September 2007. Retrieved 4 August 2019.

forksoverknives.com

Chappell, Mary Margaret (17 January 2025). "How to Make Delicious, Healthy Popcorn Without Butter or Oil". Forks Over Knives. Retrieved 8 July 2025.

ghostarchive.org

Dodds, Laurence (25 April 2016). "Why a trip to the cinema can cost up to £100". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2018.

guinnessworldrecords.com

"Earliest popcorn". Guinness World Records. Guinness World Records Limited. Retrieved 9 October 2024. The first evidence of popcorn has been radiocarbon-dated dates to as old as 6,700 years (c. 4700 BCE), based on macrofossil cobs unearthed between 2007 and 2011 at the Paredones and Huaca Prieta archaeological sites on the northern coast of Peru.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Matsuoka, Yoshihiro; Vigouroux, Yves; Goodman, Major M.; Sanchez G., Jesus; Buckler, Edward; Doebley, John (30 April 2002). "A single domestication for maize shown by multilocus microsatellite genotyping". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (9): 6080–6084. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.6080M. doi:10.1073/pnas.052125199. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 122905. PMID 11983901.
Grobman, Alexander; Bonavia, Duccio; Dillehay, Tom D.; Piperno, Dolores R.; Iriarte, José; Holst, Irene (31 January 2012). "Preceramic maize from Paredones and Huaca Prieta, Peru". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (5): 1755–1759. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.1755G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1120270109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3277113. PMID 22307642.
Ranere, Anthony J.; Piperno, Dolores R.; Holst, Irene; Dickau, Ruth; Iriarte, José (31 March 2009). "The cultural and chronological context of early Holocene maize and squash domestication in the Central Balsas River Valley, Mexico". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (13): 5014–5018. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.5014R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0812590106. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2664064. PMID 19307573.
Grobman, A.; Bonavia, D.; Dillehay, T.D.; Piperno, D.R.; Iriarte, J.; Holst, I. (2012). "Preceramic maize from Paredones and Huaca Prieta, Peru". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (5): 1755–1759. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.1755G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1120270109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3277113. PMID 22307642.
Lombardo, Umberto; Hilbert, Lautaro; Bentley, McKenzie; Bronk Ramsey, Christopher; Dudgeon, Kate; Gaitan-Roca, Albert; Iriarte, José; Mejía Ramón, Andrés G.; Quezada, Sergio; Raczka, Marco; Watling, Jennifer G.; Neves, Eduardo; Mayle, Francis (March 2025). "Maize monoculture supported pre-Columbian urbanism in southwestern Amazonia". Nature. 639 (8053): 119–123. Bibcode:2025Natur.639..119L. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08473-y. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 11882439. PMID 39880950.
Lombardo, Umberto; Iriarte, José; Hilbert, Lautaro; Ruiz-Pérez, Javier; Capriles, José M.; Veit, Heinz (May 2020). "Early Holocene crop cultivation and landscape modification in Amazonia". Nature. 581 (7807): 190–193. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..190L. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2162-7. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 7250647. PMID 32404996.

history.com

"A History of Popcorn – Hungry History". History.com. Retrieved 21 January 2016.

illinois.gov

Office of the Governor: Rod R. Blagojevich – Governor (4 August 2003). "Governor Signs Official Snack Bill: School Project Becomes Law" (Press release). Illinois Government News Network. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 25 August 2007.

innovamarketinsights.com

"Popcorn Market in the US and Canada. Consumer interest in". www.innovamarketinsights.com. Retrieved 8 July 2025.

kettleheroes.com

Sinykin, Rudi (22 December 2020). "White vs Yellow Popcorn: What's the Difference?". Kettle Heroes Popcorn. Retrieved 8 July 2025.

kingkorn.net

"The History of Popcorn". KingKorn Gourmet Popcorn. Retrieved 9 October 2024.

leelalicious.com

Braun, Konrad (23 July 2017). "Popcorn: Why "Old Maids" Exist » LeelaLicious". LeelaLicious. Retrieved 8 July 2025.

letspopcorn.com

"Pop Corn: Let's Pop". Cornknowledge.net. Archived from the original on 6 April 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2008.

livescience.com

Rafferty, Sean (4 July 2024). "How popcorn was discovered nearly 7,000 years ago". Live Science. Retrieved 17 May 2025.

marthastewart.com

"Popcorn Christmas Decorations". Martha Stewart Living. December 2007. Archived from the original on 14 February 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2008.

merrycoz.org

"Dictionary of Americanisms, by John Russell Bartlett (1848)". Merrycoz.org. Retrieved 21 January 2016.

mygerman.recipes

Barbara (14 September 2015). "Popcorn - German Style". My German Recipes. Retrieved 8 July 2025.

nancy-warner.com

Warner, Nancy (23 February 2012). "Kettle Corn & Popcorn from the Bat Cave". Nancy Warner. Retrieved 9 October 2024.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Matsuoka, Yoshihiro; Vigouroux, Yves; Goodman, Major M.; Sanchez G., Jesus; Buckler, Edward; Doebley, John (30 April 2002). "A single domestication for maize shown by multilocus microsatellite genotyping". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (9): 6080–6084. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.6080M. doi:10.1073/pnas.052125199. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 122905. PMID 11983901.
Grobman, Alexander; Bonavia, Duccio; Dillehay, Tom D.; Piperno, Dolores R.; Iriarte, José; Holst, Irene (31 January 2012). "Preceramic maize from Paredones and Huaca Prieta, Peru". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (5): 1755–1759. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.1755G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1120270109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3277113. PMID 22307642.
Ranere, Anthony J.; Piperno, Dolores R.; Holst, Irene; Dickau, Ruth; Iriarte, José (31 March 2009). "The cultural and chronological context of early Holocene maize and squash domestication in the Central Balsas River Valley, Mexico". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (13): 5014–5018. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.5014R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0812590106. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2664064. PMID 19307573.
Kennett, Douglas J.; Prufer, Keith M.; Culleton, Brendan J.; George, Richard J.; Robinson, Mark; Trask, Willa R.; Buckley, Gina M.; Moes, Emily; Kate, Emily J.; Harper, Thomas K.; O’Donnell, Lexi; Ray, Erin E.; Hill, Ethan C.; Alsgaard, Asia; Merriman, Christopher (3 June 2020). "Early isotopic evidence for maize as a staple grain in the Americas". Science Advances. 6 (23): eaba3245. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba3245. PMC 7269666. PMID 32537504.
Grobman, A.; Bonavia, D.; Dillehay, T.D.; Piperno, D.R.; Iriarte, J.; Holst, I. (2012). "Preceramic maize from Paredones and Huaca Prieta, Peru". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (5): 1755–1759. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.1755G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1120270109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3277113. PMID 22307642.
Lombardo, Umberto; Hilbert, Lautaro; Bentley, McKenzie; Bronk Ramsey, Christopher; Dudgeon, Kate; Gaitan-Roca, Albert; Iriarte, José; Mejía Ramón, Andrés G.; Quezada, Sergio; Raczka, Marco; Watling, Jennifer G.; Neves, Eduardo; Mayle, Francis (March 2025). "Maize monoculture supported pre-Columbian urbanism in southwestern Amazonia". Nature. 639 (8053): 119–123. Bibcode:2025Natur.639..119L. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08473-y. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 11882439. PMID 39880950.
Lombardo, Umberto; Iriarte, José; Hilbert, Lautaro; Ruiz-Pérez, Javier; Capriles, José M.; Veit, Heinz (May 2020). "Early Holocene crop cultivation and landscape modification in Amazonia". Nature. 581 (7807): 190–193. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..190L. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2162-7. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 7250647. PMID 32404996.
"TABLE 4-7 Comparison of Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in This Report to Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in the 2005 DRI Report". p. 120. In: Stallings, Virginia A.; Harrison, Meghan; Oria, Maria, eds. (2019). "Potassium: Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy". Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. pp. 101–124. doi:10.17226/25353. ISBN 978-0-309-48834-1. PMID 30844154. NCBI NBK545428.
Luca SV, Macovei I, Bujor A, Trifan A (2020). "Bioactivity of dietary polyphenols: The role of metabolites". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 60 (4): 626–659. doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1546669. PMID 30614249. S2CID 58651581.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Matsuoka, Yoshihiro; Vigouroux, Yves; Goodman, Major M.; Sanchez G., Jesus; Buckler, Edward; Doebley, John (30 April 2002). "A single domestication for maize shown by multilocus microsatellite genotyping". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (9): 6080–6084. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.6080M. doi:10.1073/pnas.052125199. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 122905. PMID 11983901.
Grobman, Alexander; Bonavia, Duccio; Dillehay, Tom D.; Piperno, Dolores R.; Iriarte, José; Holst, Irene (31 January 2012). "Preceramic maize from Paredones and Huaca Prieta, Peru". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (5): 1755–1759. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.1755G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1120270109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3277113. PMID 22307642.
Ranere, Anthony J.; Piperno, Dolores R.; Holst, Irene; Dickau, Ruth; Iriarte, José (31 March 2009). "The cultural and chronological context of early Holocene maize and squash domestication in the Central Balsas River Valley, Mexico". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (13): 5014–5018. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.5014R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0812590106. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2664064. PMID 19307573.
Kennett, Douglas J.; Prufer, Keith M.; Culleton, Brendan J.; George, Richard J.; Robinson, Mark; Trask, Willa R.; Buckley, Gina M.; Moes, Emily; Kate, Emily J.; Harper, Thomas K.; O’Donnell, Lexi; Ray, Erin E.; Hill, Ethan C.; Alsgaard, Asia; Merriman, Christopher (3 June 2020). "Early isotopic evidence for maize as a staple grain in the Americas". Science Advances. 6 (23): eaba3245. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba3245. PMC 7269666. PMID 32537504.
Grobman, A.; Bonavia, D.; Dillehay, T.D.; Piperno, D.R.; Iriarte, J.; Holst, I. (2012). "Preceramic maize from Paredones and Huaca Prieta, Peru". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (5): 1755–1759. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.1755G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1120270109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3277113. PMID 22307642.
Lombardo, Umberto; Hilbert, Lautaro; Bentley, McKenzie; Bronk Ramsey, Christopher; Dudgeon, Kate; Gaitan-Roca, Albert; Iriarte, José; Mejía Ramón, Andrés G.; Quezada, Sergio; Raczka, Marco; Watling, Jennifer G.; Neves, Eduardo; Mayle, Francis (March 2025). "Maize monoculture supported pre-Columbian urbanism in southwestern Amazonia". Nature. 639 (8053): 119–123. Bibcode:2025Natur.639..119L. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08473-y. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 11882439. PMID 39880950.
Lombardo, Umberto; Iriarte, José; Hilbert, Lautaro; Ruiz-Pérez, Javier; Capriles, José M.; Veit, Heinz (May 2020). "Early Holocene crop cultivation and landscape modification in Amazonia". Nature. 581 (7807): 190–193. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..190L. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2162-7. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 7250647. PMID 32404996.
"TABLE 4-7 Comparison of Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in This Report to Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in the 2005 DRI Report". p. 120. In: Stallings, Virginia A.; Harrison, Meghan; Oria, Maria, eds. (2019). "Potassium: Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy". Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium. pp. 101–124. doi:10.17226/25353. ISBN 978-0-309-48834-1. PMID 30844154. NCBI NBK545428.

oxfordre.com

Gish Hill, Christina (23 October 2024), "Indigenous Foodways among Native Americans", Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Food Studies, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780197762530.013.47, ISBN 978-0-19-776253-0, retrieved 17 May 2025

pbs.org

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popcorn.org

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popsmith.com

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sciencenews.org

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semanticscholar.org

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Luca SV, Macovei I, Bujor A, Trifan A (2020). "Bioactivity of dietary polyphenols: The role of metabolites". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 60 (4): 626–659. doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1546669. PMID 30614249. S2CID 58651581.

si.edu

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sova.si.edu

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smithsonianmag.com

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symrise.com

in-sight.symrise.com

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tasteofhome.com

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taylorfrancis.com

Staller, John; Tykot, Robert; Benz, Bruce, eds. (2016). Histories of Maize in Mesoamerica | Multidisciplinary Approaches | Joh. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.4324/9781315427294. ISBN 978-1-315-42728-7. Archived from the original on 31 July 2024.

telegraph.co.uk

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thecrimson.com

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thoughtco.com

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uncledidi.com

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usda.gov

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utah.edu

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washingtonpost.com

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web.archive.org

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webmd.com

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worldcat.org

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"C. Cretors and Co". Wyandot Popcorn Museum. Archived from the original on 26 February 2010. Retrieved 21 November 2008.