Portuguese language (English Wikipedia)

Aragão, Maria do Socorro Silva de (2009). "Os estudos fonético-fonológicos nos estados da Paraíba e do Ceará" [Phonetic-phonological studies in the states of Paraíba and Ceará] (PDF). Revista da ABRALIN (in Portuguese). 8 (1): 163–184. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.

academia.edu

Bagno, Marcos (2007). "Gramática Histórica do latim ao português brasileiro" [Historical Grammar from Latin to Brazilian Portuguese]. University of Brasília. Archived from the original on 11 July 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2020 – via www.academia.edu.
"Vocabulário Ortográfico da Galiza elaborado pela Academia Galega da Língua Portuguesa (AGLP)" (in Portuguese). Santiago de Compostela, Portugal: Academia Galega da Língua Portuguesa (AGLP). 2015. Archived from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2021.

admin.ch

bfs.admin.ch

Lingue della Svizzera. Pratiche linguistiche in Svizzera: Primi risultati dell'Indagine sulla lingua, la religione e la cultura 2019 (Report) (in Italian). 2019. Archived from the original on 26 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.

africa-facts.org

"Top 11 Most Spoken Languages in Africa". Africa Facts. 18 October 2017. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 10 October 2018.

africa-union.org

Article 11, Protocol on Amendments to the Constitutive Act of the African Union "Protocol on the Amendments to the Constitutive Act of the African Union" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2016.

agal-gz.org

"A Fala Galego-Portuguesa da Baixa-Limia e Castro Laboreiro" [The Galician–Portuguese Speech of Baixa-Limia and Castro Laboreiro] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
"O Galego já é oficial na UE [GL/PT]". Associaçom Galega da Lingua. Archived from the original on 30 October 2004.

amarnatureza.org.br

"O Que É? Amazônia" [What is? Amazon]. Amarnatureza.org.br (in Portuguese). Associação de Defesa do Meio Ambiente Araucária (AMAR). 1 September 2009. Archived from the original on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.

angop.ao

"Zimbabwe: Português vai ser introduzido no ensino secundário do país" [Zimbabwe: Portuguese to be introduced into the country's secondary education] (in Portuguese). Angola Press – ANGOP. 19 January 2017. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2020.

ara.cat

static1.ara.cat

"Coneixements i usos lingüístics de la població d'Andorra: Situació actual i evolució 1995–2018" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Government of Andorra. 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.

archive.org

Watts, Henry Edward (1891). Miguel de Cervantes: His Life & Works. London: Walter Scott.
Shipley, Joseph T. (1946). Encyclopedia of Literature. Philosophical Library. p. 1188.
Dalby, Andrew (1998). Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages. Columbia University Press. p. 501. ISBN 978-0-231-11568-1. how well do spanish speakers understand portuguese?.
Silva, António de Morais (1823). Diccionario da lingua portugueza. Na typ. de M. P. de Lacerda. p. 140. Retrieved 30 May 2015. aravia.

arkeotavira.com

Ethnologic Map of Pre-Roman Iberia (c. 200 BC) Archived 5 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Arkeotavira.com. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
Silva, Luís Fraga da. "Ethnologic Map of Pre-Roman Iberia (circa 200 B.C.)". Arkeotavira.com. Archived from the original on 25 November 2011. Retrieved 14 November 2011.

arquivo.pt

"Sotaque branco" [White accent] (in Portuguese). Meia Maratona Internacional CAIXA de Brasília. Archived from the original on 17 May 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2012.

berlitz.com

"20 Most Spoken Languages in the World in 2023". Berlitz Corporation. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.

books.google.com

Poddar, Prem; Patke, Rajeev S.; Jensen, Lars (2008). "Introduction: The Myths and Realities of Portuguese (Post) Colonial Society". A historical companion to postcolonial literatures: continental Europe and its empires. Edinburgh University Press. p. 431. ISBN 978-0-7486-2394-5.
Carvalho, Daniela de (1 February 2013). Migrants and Identity in Japan and Brazil: The Nikkeijin. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-78765-3.
Giorgi, Alessandra; Pianesi, Fabio (1997). "On the Italian, Latin, and Portuguese Temporal Systems". Tense and Aspect: From Semantics to Morphosyntax. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-509193-9.
Penny, Ralph (2000). Variation and Change in Spanish. Cambridge University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-521-78045-2. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
Ginsburgh, Victor; Weber, Shlomo (2011). How Many Languages Do We Need?: The Economics of Linguistic Diversity. Princeton University Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-0-691-13689-9. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
Dicionário Português–Chinês : Pu Han ci dian: Portuguese–Chinese dictionary, by Michele Ruggieri, Matteo Ricci; edited by John W. Witek. Published 2001, Biblioteca Nacional. ISBN 972-565-298-3. Partial preview Archived 15 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine available on Google Books
Ostergren, Robert C. & Le Bosse, Mathias (2011). The Europeans, Second Edition: A Geography of People, Culture, and Environment. Guilford Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-1-60918-140-6.
Mateus & d'Andrade (2000:11) Mateus, Maria Helena; d'Andrade, Ernesto (2000). The Phonology of Portuguese. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-823581-1. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
Bisol (2005:122): "A proposta é que a sequencia consoante velar + glide posterior seja indicada no léxico como uma unidade monofonemática /kʷ/ e /ɡʷ/. O glide que, nete caso, situa-se no ataque não-ramificado, forma com a vogal seguinte um ditongo crescente em nível pós lexical. Ditongos crescentes somente se formam neste nível. Em resumo, a consoante velar e o glide posterior, quando seguidos de a/o, formam uma só unidade fonológica, ou seja, um segmento consonantal com articulação secundária vocálica, em outros termos, um segmento complexo." Bisol, Leda (2005). Introdução a estudos de fonologia do português brasileiro (in Portuguese). Porto Alegre – Rio Grande do Sul: EDIPUCRS. ISBN 978-85-7430-529-5. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
Bisol (2005:123) Bisol, Leda (2005). Introdução a estudos de fonologia do português brasileiro (in Portuguese). Porto Alegre – Rio Grande do Sul: EDIPUCRS. ISBN 978-85-7430-529-5. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
Thomas (1974:8) Thomas, Earl W. (1974). A Grammar of Spoken Brazilian Portuguese. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press. ISBN 978-0-8265-1197-3. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
Mateus & d'Andrade (2000:5–6, 11) Mateus, Maria Helena; d'Andrade, Ernesto (2000). The Phonology of Portuguese. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-823581-1. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
Grønnum (2005:157) Grønnum, Nina (2005). Fonetik og fonologi, Almen og Dansk (3rd ed.). Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag. ISBN 978-87-500-3865-8. Archived from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2015.

cambridge.org

Moniz, Alexandre (2021). "Galician: How to Kill a Language" (PDF). Cambridge Engage. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.

celsul.org.br

Viviane Maia dos Santos. "A Constituição de Corpora Orais Para a Análise das Formas de Tratamento" (PDF). Anais do IX Encontro do CELSUL Palhoça, SC, out. 2010 Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2017.

cia.gov

"CIA World Factbook". Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
"4.6% according to the 2001 census, see". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 13 January 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
"The World Factbook – Field Listing – Population – CIA". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 7 March 2015.

colaco.net

"Portuguese Language in Goa". Colaco.net. Archived from the original on 29 May 2001. Retrieved 21 April 2010.

continuitas.org

Alinei, Mario; Benozzo, Francesco (2008). Alguns aspectos da Teoria da Continuidade Paleolítica aplicada à região galega [Some aspects of the Paleolithic Continuity Theory applied to the Galician region] (PDF) (in Portuguese). ISBN 978-989-618-200-7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 14 November 2011.

cornell.edu

ling.cornell.edu

"Comparative Grammar of Latin 34: Language Contact" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007.

correiodoestado.com.br

"Japão: imigrantes brasileiros popularizam língua portuguesa" (in Portuguese). 2008. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 13 May 2011.

countrystudies.us

"Portuguese language in Brazil". Country Studies US. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2012.

cplp.org

"Estados-membros" [Member States]. Community of Portuguese Language Countries (in Portuguese). 7 February 2017. Archived from the original on 7 February 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
"República da Maurícia". www.cplp.org. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2019.

doi.org

Lay, Stephen (2015). "Sanctity and Social Alienation in Twelfth-Century Braga as Portrayed in the Vita Sancti Geraldi". Portuguese Studies. 31 (2): 153–168. doi:10.5699/portstudies.31.2.0153. ISSN 0267-5315. S2CID 164609309.
Nascimento, Katiene; Guimarães, Daniela; Barboza, Clerton; et al. (2012). "Revisitando a palatalização no português brasileiro" [Revisiting palatalization in Brazilian Portuguese]. Revista de Estudos da Linguagem (in Portuguese). 20 (2): 59–89. doi:10.17851/2237-2083.20.2.59-89. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
Béliche Alves, Cibelle Corrêa (2012). "'Por onde tá "o tu"?' no português falado no Maranhão". Signum: Estudos da Linguagem. 15 (1): 13–31. doi:10.5433/2237-4876.2012v15n1p13. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
Jensen, John B. (1989). "On the Mutual Intelligibility of Spanish and Portuguese". Hispania. 72 (4): 848–852. doi:10.2307/343562. JSTOR 343562.
Raposo, Eduardo (1989). "Prepositional Infinitival Constructions in European Portuguese". In Osvaldo A. Jaeggli; Kenneth J. Safir (eds.). The Null Subject Parameter. Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory. Vol. 15. pp. 277–305. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2540-3_10. ISBN 978-1-55608-087-6.
Cruz-Ferreira (1995:92) Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995). "European Portuguese". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 25 (2): 90–94. doi:10.1017/S0025100300005223. S2CID 249414876.
Cruz-Ferreira (1995:91) Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995). "European Portuguese". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 25 (2): 90–94. doi:10.1017/S0025100300005223. S2CID 249414876.
Barbosa & Albano (2004:228–229) Barbosa, Plínio A.; Albano, Eleonora C. (2004). "Brazilian Portuguese". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 34 (2): 227–232. doi:10.1017/S0025100304001756.
Barbosa & Albano (2004:228) Barbosa, Plínio A.; Albano, Eleonora C. (2004). "Brazilian Portuguese". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 34 (2): 227–232. doi:10.1017/S0025100304001756.

duke.edu

sites.duke.edu

"The Origin and Formation of The Portuguese Language". Judeo-Lusitanica. Duke University. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2016.

ebc.com.br

agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br

"Museu da Língua Portuguesa será reaberto ao público no domingo". Agência Brasil. 29 July 2021. Archived from the original on 10 April 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022.

eduportal.gr

Koutantos, Dimitrios. "Palavras que cheiram mar 2: Etimologia de mais de 1000 Palavras Gregas Usadas em Português (Λέξεις που μυρίζουν θάλασσα)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 March 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2019.

estadao.com.br

cultura.estadao.com.br

"Congo will start to teach Portuguese in schools" (in Portuguese). 4 June 2010. Archived from the original on 7 August 2010. Retrieved 13 July 2010.

ethnologue.com

Portuguese language at Ethnologue (28th ed., 2025)
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (28th ed., 2025)
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (28th ed., 2025)
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (28th ed., 2025)
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (28th ed., 2025) ,
Paraguay Archived 31 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine in Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2022). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (25th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
Venezuela Archived 31 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine in Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2022). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (25th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) , 2022
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) , 2021
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023)
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) , 2015
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) , 2017 (L1), 2021 census (L2)
Portuguese language at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) , 2010 census
Galician at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)

europa.eu

ec.europa.eu

"Special Eurobarometer 243 "Europeans and their Languages"" (PDF). European Commission. 2006. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 February 2007. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
"Languages in Europe – Official EU Languages". EUROPA web portal. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009. Retrieved 12 October 2009.

ezglot.com

"Similar languages to Portuguese". EZ Glot. Archived from the original on 2 March 2023. Retrieved 27 April 2023.

filologia.org.br

Bittencourt de Oliveira, João. "Breves considerações sobre o legado das línguas célticas". filologia.org.br. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2016.

findarticles.com

Leach, Michael (2007). "talking Portuguese; China and East Timor". Arena Magazine. Archived from the original on 5 November 2011. Retrieved 18 May 2011.

foriente.pt

"Delegação da Índia". www.foriente.pt. Archived from the original on 27 May 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2022.

free.fr

romansh.romanche.free.fr

"Apprendre la langue romanche et le vocabulaire, dictionnaire Rumantsch". romansh.romanche.free.fr. Archived from the original on 10 May 2023. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

galiciahoxe.com

"O galego deixa de ser unha das linguas 'en perigo' para a Unesco" [Galician is no longer one of the "endangered" languages for Unesco]. Galicia Hoxe (in Galician). 20 February 2009. Archived from the original on 6 November 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2015.

gazetanews.com

"Comentando sobre origens e descendências". Gazeta Brazilian News (in Portuguese). 17 November 2016. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2022. Com a Língua Portuguesa não foi diferente. Você sabia que o português é conhecido como a última flor do Lácio?

gel.org.br

Lee, Seung Hwa (2006). "Sobre as vogais pré-tônicas no Português Brasileiro" [About pre-tonic vowels in Brazilian Portuguese] (PDF). Estudos Lingüísticos (in Portuguese). XXXV: 166–175. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
Loregian-Penkal, Loremi (2005). "Alternância tu/você em Santa Catarina: uma abordagem variacionista" (PDF). Estudos Lingüísticos (in Portuguese). XXXIV: 362–367. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017 – via Tu/você alternation in Santa Catarina: a variationist approach.

gov.za

"Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996, Chapter 1: Founding Provisions". www.gov.za. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2019.

guineaecuatorialpress.com

"Continúan los actos del Día de la Lengua Portuguesa y la Cultura Lusófona" [Acts continue to mark Portuguese Language and Portuguese Culture Day]. Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. 10 May 2016. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
Factoria Audiovisual S.R.L. (20 July 2010). "El portugués será el tercer idioma oficial de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial – Página Oficial del Gobierno de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial". Guineaecuatorialpress.com. Archived from the original on 4 November 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. "Equatorial Guinea, member of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries". Archived from the original on 27 February 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2016.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Fernández Aguerre, Tabaré; González Bruzzese, Mahira; Rodriguez Ingold, Cecilia (2017). Algunas notas teórico metodológicas sobre la relación entre regiones y aprendizajes en Uruguay [Some theoretical methodological notes on the relationship between regions and learning in Uruguay]. XVI Jornadas de Investigación : la excepcionalidad uruguaya en debate: ¿como el Uruguay no hay? (in Spanish). pp. 11–15. hdl:20.500.12008/10776. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
Ferraz, Irineu da Silva (2005). Características fonético-acústicas do /r/ retroflexo do portugues brasileiro: dados de informantes de Pato Branco (PR) [Acoustic-phonetic characteristics of the Brazilian Portuguese's retroflex /r/: data from respondents in Pato Branco, Paraná] (PDF) (Master's thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade Federal do Paraná. pp. 19–21. hdl:1884/3955. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
Osório, Jorge A. (1993). "D. Dinis: o Rei a Língua e o Reino" [D. Dinis: the King the Language and the Kingdom] (PDF). Máthesis (in Portuguese) (2): 17–36. hdl:10216/20003. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2015.

hispanistas.org.br

Gutiérrez Bottaro, Silvia Etel (2014). "El portugués uruguayo y las marcas de la oralidad en la poesía del escritor uruguayo Agustín R. Bisio" [Uruguayan Portuguese and oral marks in the poetry of Uruguayan writer Agustín R. Bisio] (PDF). Abehache (in Spanish). 4 (6). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2018.

historiadelaslenguasenuruguay.edu.uy

"Historia lingüística del Uruguay". historiadelaslenguasenuruguay.edu.uy. Archived from the original on 5 April 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2020.

ibge.gov.br

"IBGE | Projeção da população". www.ibge.gov.br. Archived from the original on 16 November 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2022.

ibtimes.co.uk

"Brazil: Fire engulfs Portuguese language museum in Sao Paulo, one killed". International Business Times. 22 December 2015. Archived from the original on 16 March 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2016.

ignatius.edu

www2.ignatius.edu

Bernard Comrie, Encarta Encyclopedia (1998); George Weber, "Top Languages: The World's 10 Most Influential Languages", Language Today (Vol. 2, December 1997). Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-09-28.

imprenca.com

"O MEC, o "português errado" e a linguistica..." [MEC, "wrong Portuguese" and linguistics…]. Imprenca.com (in Portuguese). 17 May 2011. Archived from the original on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2012.

ine.pt

"Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
"Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2022.

infoescola.com

"Português na Europa". InfoEscola.

instituto-camoes.pt

cvc.instituto-camoes.pt

"Audio samples of the dialects of Portuguese". Instituto Camões. Archived from the original on 27 April 2015. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
"As origens do romance galego-português" [The origins of the Galician–Portuguese romance language]. História da Língua Portuguesa em linha (in Portuguese). Instituto Camões. Archived from the original on 31 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2021.

instituto-camoes.pt

Piel, Joseph-Maria (1989). "Origens e estruturação histórica do léxico português" [Origins and historical structure of the Portuguese lexicon]. Estudos de Linguística Histórica Galego-Portuguesa [Studies in Galician–Portuguese Historical Linguistics] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Lisboa: IN-CM. pp. 9–16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2008.
"Fonética histórica" [Historical phonetics]. História da Língua Portuguesa em linha (in Portuguese). Instituto Camões. Archived from the original on 22 September 2007.

itcilo.org

actrav.itcilo.org

"Official languages of Mercosul as agreed in the Protocol of Ouro Preto". Actrav.itcilo.org. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2012.

jornaldebeltrao.com.br

"Livro do MEC ensina o português errado ou apenas valoriza as formas linguísticas?". Jornal de Beltrão (in Portuguese). 26 May 2011. Archived from the original on 11 November 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2012.

jstor.org

Filppula, Markku; Klemola, Juhani (2014). "Celtic Influences in English: A Re-Evaluation". Neuphilologische Mitteilungen. 115 (1): 33–53. JSTOR 43344757. Archived from the original on 20 January 2024. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
Jensen, John B. (1989). "On the Mutual Intelligibility of Spanish and Portuguese". Hispania. 72 (4): 848–852. doi:10.2307/343562. JSTOR 343562.
Rogers, Francis Millet (20 January 2024). "Insular Portuguese Pronunciation:Alleged Breton Influence". Romance Philology. 2 (4): 305–314. JSTOR 44938469.

languageknowledge.eu

"Portuguese in Europe · Portuguese-speaking countries & Portuguese language knowledge in Europe". Languageknowledge.eu. Archived from the original on 26 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022.

latinobridge.com

"The Different Languages of South America". Latino Bridge. 7 November 2022. Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2020.

lendo.org

"Linguistic prejudice and the surprising (academic and formal) unity of Brazilian Portuguese". Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.

letras.etc.br

"Portuguese language will be option in the official Venezuelan teachings" (in Portuguese). 24 May 2009. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2010.

lingref.com

Lipski, John M (2006). Face, Timothy L; Klee, Carol A (eds.). Too close for comfort? the genesis of 'portuñol/portunhol' (PDF). Selected Proceedings of the 8th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium. pp. 1–22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 21 June 2015.

lusojornal.com

"O galego e o português são a mesma língua/". 27 January 2020. Archived from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.

macaomagazine.net

Bilrero, António (15 March 2018). "Promising future for Portuguese language in China". Macao Magazine. Archived from the original on 2 July 2019.

meiamaratonadebrasilia.com.br

"Sotaque branco" [White accent] (in Portuguese). Meia Maratona Internacional CAIXA de Brasília. Archived from the original on 17 May 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2012.

namibian.com.na

Carin Pretorius – Developed CEIT Development CC. "The Namibian". Archived from the original on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2012.

noticiaslusofonas.com

"Museu da Língua Portuguesa aberto ao público no dia 20" [Portuguese Language Museum open to the public on 20]. Noticiaslusofonas.com (in Portuguese). 8 March 2006. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2012.

oas.org

General Assembly of the OAS, Amendments to the Rules of Procedure of the General Assembly Archived 15 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, 5 June 2000

oei.es

Statutes, Article 1"Official statute of the organization". Oei.es. Archived from the original on 28 June 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2012.

poiesis.org.br

Castilho, Ataliba T. de. "Saber uma língua é separar o certo do errado? A língua é um organismo vivo que varia conforme o contexto e vai muito além de uma coleção de regras e normas de como falar e escrever" [To know a language is really about separating correct from awry? Language is a living organism that varies by context and goes far beyond a collection of rules and norms of how to speak and write] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Museu da Língua Portuguesa. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2012.

portugal.gov.pt

"Português entra no currículo escolar da Costa do Marfim no próximo ano letivo" [Portuguese enters the Ivory Coast school curriculum next school year]. www.portugal.gov.pt (in Portuguese). 23 June 2016. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2019.

prb.org

"2012 World Population Data Sheet Interactive Map - Population Reference Bureau". archive.wikiwix.com. Archived from the original on 15 June 2007. Retrieved 9 September 2024.

priberam.org

dicionario.priberam.org

"Canja". Dicionário Priberam. Archived from the original on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2018.

prnewswire.com

"Equatorial Guinea Adds Portuguese as the Country's Third Official Language". PR Newswire (Press release). Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2017.

publico.pt

Sanches, Andreia; Mendon&#xE7, tia; Moreira, Cristiana Faria; G&#xF3, Gabriela; Pedro, Gabriela (4 March 2025). "A língua portuguesa no mundo". PÚBLICO (in Portuguese). Retrieved 8 March 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

revistamacau.com

"1.500 pessoas estudam português em Goa". Revistamacau.com. 2 June 2014. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2015.

revistaphilologus.org.br

Almeida, Haline Janaína Franco; Oliveira, Luiz Roberto Peel Furtado de (2020). "Cartografando os neologismos na quarentena: ampliando o vocabulário da língua portuguesa". Revista Philologus (in Portuguese). 26 (78). Círculo Fluminense de Estudos Filológicos e Linguísticos: 1132–1142. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2022. Conhecida como "A última flor do Lácio", a língua portuguesa vem sofrendo transformações no decorrer dos séculos, a partir do latim vulgar, sendo caracterizada como dinâmica e heterogênea.

riccimac.org

Camus, Yves. "Jesuits' Journeys in Chinese Studies" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 12 June 2015.

rjmacau.com

"The Portuguese Experience: The Case of Goa, Daman and Diu". Rjmacau.com. Archived from the original on 21 July 2006. Retrieved 21 April 2010.

ruadapoesia.com

"Língua Portuguesa". Rua da Poesia (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 7 October 2008. Retrieved 24 August 2006. Última flor do Lácio, inculta e bela,/ És, a um tempo, esplendor e sepultura:/ Ouro nativo, que na ganga impura/ A bruta mina entre os cascalhos vela…

saindodamatrix.com.br

"Cartilha do MEC ensina erro de Português" [MEC primer teaches Portuguese error]. Saindo da Matrix (in Portuguese). 18 May 2011. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2012.

sapo.pt

24.sapo.pt

"Português vai ser introduzido no ensino secundário no Zimbabué" [Portuguese to be introduced to secondary education in Zimbabwe]. SAPO 24 (in Portuguese). 18 January 2017. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
"Português será língua curricular em 32 países no próximo ano letivo" [Portuguese will be curricular language in 32 countries next school year]. SAPO 24 (in Portuguese). 22 July 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2019.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Lay, Stephen (2015). "Sanctity and Social Alienation in Twelfth-Century Braga as Portrayed in the Vita Sancti Geraldi". Portuguese Studies. 31 (2): 153–168. doi:10.5699/portstudies.31.2.0153. ISSN 0267-5315. S2CID 164609309.
Cruz-Ferreira (1995:92) Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995). "European Portuguese". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 25 (2): 90–94. doi:10.1017/S0025100300005223. S2CID 249414876.
Cruz-Ferreira (1995:91) Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995). "European Portuguese". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 25 (2): 90–94. doi:10.1017/S0025100300005223. S2CID 249414876.

sibila.com.br

"Learn about Portuguese language". Sibila - Revista de Poesia e Crítica Literária. Sibila. 25 April 2009. Archived from the original on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

sosaci.org

"Nheengatu and caipira dialect". Sosaci.org. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2012.

statcan.ca

www40.statcan.ca

"Population by mother tongue, by province and territory (2006 Census)". Statistics Canada. Archived from the original on 13 March 2012.

theportugalnews.com

"Portuguese language gaining popularity". Anglopress Edicões e Publicidade Lda. 5 May 2007. Archived from the original on 18 March 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2011.

uc.pt

"Potencial Económico da Língua Portuguesa" (PDF). University of Coimbra. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2020.

udelar.edu.uy

colibri.udelar.edu.uy

Fernández Aguerre, Tabaré; González Bruzzese, Mahira; Rodriguez Ingold, Cecilia (2017). Algunas notas teórico metodológicas sobre la relación entre regiones y aprendizajes en Uruguay [Some theoretical methodological notes on the relationship between regions and learning in Uruguay]. XVI Jornadas de Investigación : la excepcionalidad uruguaya en debate: ¿como el Uruguay no hay? (in Spanish). pp. 11–15. hdl:20.500.12008/10776. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2020.

uel.br

Béliche Alves, Cibelle Corrêa (2012). "'Por onde tá "o tu"?' no português falado no Maranhão". Signum: Estudos da Linguagem. 15 (1): 13–31. doi:10.5433/2237-4876.2012v15n1p13. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.

ufc.br

repositorio.ufc.br

Monteiro, José Lemos (2000). "As descrições fonológicas do português do Ceará: de Aguiar a Macambira" (PDF). Revista do GELNE. 2 (1). Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 March 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2019.

profala.ufc.br

Aragão, Maria do Socorro Silva de. "Aspectos Fonético-Fonológicos do Falar do Ceará: O Que Tem Surgido nos Inquéritos Experimentais do Atlas Lingüístico do Brasil – ALiB-Ce" [Phonetic-Phonological Aspects of the Speech of Ceará: What Has Appeared in Experimental Surveys of the Linguistic Atlas of Brazil – ALiB-Ce] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2017.

ufmg.br

periodicos.letras.ufmg.br

Nascimento, Katiene; Guimarães, Daniela; Barboza, Clerton; et al. (2012). "Revisitando a palatalização no português brasileiro" [Revisiting palatalization in Brazilian Portuguese]. Revista de Estudos da Linguagem (in Portuguese). 20 (2): 59–89. doi:10.17851/2237-2083.20.2.59-89. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 18 April 2013.

ufpb.br

biblioteca.virtual.ufpb.br

de Assis, Maria Cristina. "História da língua portuguesa" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 21 February 2019.

ufpr.br

dspace.c3sl.ufpr.br

Ferraz, Irineu da Silva (2005). Características fonético-acústicas do /r/ retroflexo do portugues brasileiro: dados de informantes de Pato Branco (PR) [Acoustic-phonetic characteristics of the Brazilian Portuguese's retroflex /r/: data from respondents in Pato Branco, Paraná] (PDF) (Master's thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade Federal do Paraná. pp. 19–21. hdl:1884/3955. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2012.

ufrj.br

letras.ufrj.br

Maia, Viviane dos Santos (2012). 'Tu vai para onde? ... Você vai para onde?': manifestações da segunda pessoa na fala carioca ['Tu vai para onde? ... Você vai para onde?: manifestations of the second person in Carioca speech] (PDF) (Master's thesis) (in Portuguese). Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
Rodrigues (2012:39–40) Rodrigues, Marisandra Costa (2012). Encontros Vocálicos Finais em Português: Descrição e Análise Otimalista (PDF) (Thesis). Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2015.

ufrn.br

linguaportuguesa.ufrn.br

A. D. Medeiros, Adelardo. "Portuguese in Africa – Mozambique". Archived from the original on 28 April 2005. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
A. D. Medeiros, Adelardo. "Portuguese in Africa – Guinea-Bissau". Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2015.

ul.pt

repositorio.ul.pt

"Portuguese language in Timor Leste" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 June 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022.

ulaval.ca

axl.cefan.ulaval.ca

"La langue espagnole (présentation)". www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca. Retrieved 9 September 2024.

um.edu.mo

Hagemeijer, Tjerk (2009). "As Línguas de S. Tomé e Príncipe" (PDF). Revista de Crioulos de Base Lexical Portuguesa e Espanhola. 1 (1): 1–27. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2019.

uminho.pt

csarmento.uminho.pt

Such as Bolso: A Toponímia Céltica e os vestígios de cultura material da Proto-História de Portugal. Freire, José. Revista de Guimarães, Volume Especial, I, Guimarães, 1999, pp. 265–275 Archived 6 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. (PDF) . Retrieved 14 November 2011.

un.org

"Universal Declaration of Human Rights". United Nations. Archived from the original on 16 March 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2022.

unasursg.org

Constitutive Treaty of the Union of South American Nations, Article 23 "Tratado Constitutivo de la Unión de Naciones Suramericanas" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2020. Retrieved 4 October 2018.

unesco.org

"World Portuguese Language Day". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 17 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.

unicamp.br

cedae.iel.unicamp.br

Leite, Cândida Mara Britto (2010). "O /r/ em posição de coda silábica na capital do interior paulista: uma abordagem sociolinguística" [Syllable coda /r/ in the "capital" of the Paulista hinterland: a sociolinguistic analysis]. Sínteses (in Portuguese). 15: 111. Archived from the original on 22 December 2012.

unicode.org

"Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Portuguese (Portugal)". Unicode. Archived from the original on 9 January 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2022.

unimelb.edu.au

plantnames.unimelb.edu.au

"Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database: Sorting Citrus Names". University of Melbourne. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2012.

uol.com.br

www1.folha.uol.com.br

Niskier, Arnaldo (16 August 2004). "Identidade cultural: língua e soberania". Folha de S.Paulo (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2022. Por que gastar o seu latim nestes tempos descartáveis que vivemos? Uma resposta óbvia — pelo menos para aqueles que lidam diretamente com a língua portuguesa e lutam pela sua preservação — é que ela é conhecida como "a última flor do Lácio", ou seja, foi a última ramificação do latim.

noticias.uol.com.br

"Governo uruguaio torna obrigatório ensino do português" [Uruguayan government makes Portuguese mandatory]. UOL Notícias (in Portuguese). 5 November 2007. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 13 July 2010.

up.pt

repositorio-aberto.up.pt

Osório, Jorge A. (1993). "D. Dinis: o Rei a Língua e o Reino" [D. Dinis: the King the Language and the Kingdom] (PDF). Máthesis (in Portuguese) (2): 17–36. hdl:10216/20003. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2015.

cl.up.pt

Carvalho, Joana (2012). "Sobre os Ditongos do Português Europeu" (PDF). ELingUp (in Portuguese). 4 (1): 20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015. A conclusão será que nos encontramos em presença de dois segmentos fonológicos /kʷ/ e /ɡʷ/, respetivamente, com uma articulação vocálica. Bisol (2005:122), tal como Freitas (1997), afirma que não estamos em presença de um ataque ramificado. Neste caso, a glide, juntamente com a vogal que a sucede, forma um ditongo no nível pós-lexical. Esta conclusão implica um aumento do número de segmentos no inventário segmental fonológico do português.

usp.br

teses.usp.br

pdf - Seringueiros da Amazônia, University of São Paulo (USP), Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Human Sciences, Department of Geography

utoronto.ca

individual.utoronto.ca

Christopher, Spahr. "Confronting the European Portuguese low vowel distinction" (PDF). UToronto. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2021.

uwm.edu

dc.uwm.edu

Luján Martínez, Eugenio R. (2006). "The language(s) of the Callaeci". E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies. 6: 715–748. ISSN 1540-4889. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2021.

web.archive.org

"Continúan los actos del Día de la Lengua Portuguesa y la Cultura Lusófona" [Acts continue to mark Portuguese Language and Portuguese Culture Day]. Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. 10 May 2016. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
Gutiérrez Bottaro, Silvia Etel (2014). "El portugués uruguayo y las marcas de la oralidad en la poesía del escritor uruguayo Agustín R. Bisio" [Uruguayan Portuguese and oral marks in the poetry of Uruguayan writer Agustín R. Bisio] (PDF). Abehache (in Spanish). 4 (6). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
"Historia lingüística del Uruguay". historiadelaslenguasenuruguay.edu.uy. Archived from the original on 5 April 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
Fernández Aguerre, Tabaré; González Bruzzese, Mahira; Rodriguez Ingold, Cecilia (2017). Algunas notas teórico metodológicas sobre la relación entre regiones y aprendizajes en Uruguay [Some theoretical methodological notes on the relationship between regions and learning in Uruguay]. XVI Jornadas de Investigación : la excepcionalidad uruguaya en debate: ¿como el Uruguay no hay? (in Spanish). pp. 11–15. hdl:20.500.12008/10776. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
"Estados-membros" [Member States]. Community of Portuguese Language Countries (in Portuguese). 7 February 2017. Archived from the original on 7 February 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
"The Origin and Formation of The Portuguese Language". Judeo-Lusitanica. Duke University. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
Bittencourt de Oliveira, João. "Breves considerações sobre o legado das línguas célticas". filologia.org.br. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
"CIA World Factbook". Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
"The Different Languages of South America". Latino Bridge. 7 November 2022. Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
"Potencial Económico da Língua Portuguesa" (PDF). University of Coimbra. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
"World Portuguese Language Day". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 17 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
"20 Most Spoken Languages in the World in 2023". Berlitz Corporation. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
"Top 11 Most Spoken Languages in Africa". Africa Facts. 18 October 2017. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
"The World's 10 most influential languages", George Weber, 1997, Language Today, "...includes besides many other languages, Bengali, English, French, German, Hindi/Urdu, Italian, Marathi, Panjabi, Persian, Brazilian (Portuguese), Russian, the Scandinavian languages, and Spanish." "Portuguese today means above all Brazilian."
Bernard Comrie, Encarta Encyclopedia (1998); George Weber, "Top Languages: The World's 10 Most Influential Languages", Language Today (Vol. 2, December 1997). Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-09-28.
Bagno, Marcos (2007). "Gramática Histórica do latim ao português brasileiro" [Historical Grammar from Latin to Brazilian Portuguese]. University of Brasília. Archived from the original on 11 July 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2020 – via www.academia.edu.
"Comparative Grammar of Latin 34: Language Contact" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007.
Ethnologic Map of Pre-Roman Iberia (c. 200 BC) Archived 5 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Arkeotavira.com. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
Koutantos, Dimitrios. "Palavras que cheiram mar 2: Etimologia de mais de 1000 Palavras Gregas Usadas em Português (Λέξεις που μυρίζουν θάλασσα)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 March 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
"Vocabulário Ortográfico da Galiza elaborado pela Academia Galega da Língua Portuguesa (AGLP)" (in Portuguese). Santiago de Compostela, Portugal: Academia Galega da Língua Portuguesa (AGLP). 2015. Archived from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
de Assis, Maria Cristina. "História da língua portuguesa" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
Niskier, Arnaldo (16 August 2004). "Identidade cultural: língua e soberania". Folha de S.Paulo (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2022. Por que gastar o seu latim nestes tempos descartáveis que vivemos? Uma resposta óbvia — pelo menos para aqueles que lidam diretamente com a língua portuguesa e lutam pela sua preservação — é que ela é conhecida como "a última flor do Lácio", ou seja, foi a última ramificação do latim.
Almeida, Haline Janaína Franco; Oliveira, Luiz Roberto Peel Furtado de (2020). "Cartografando os neologismos na quarentena: ampliando o vocabulário da língua portuguesa". Revista Philologus (in Portuguese). 26 (78). Círculo Fluminense de Estudos Filológicos e Linguísticos: 1132–1142. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2022. Conhecida como "A última flor do Lácio", a língua portuguesa vem sofrendo transformações no decorrer dos séculos, a partir do latim vulgar, sendo caracterizada como dinâmica e heterogênea.
"Comentando sobre origens e descendências". Gazeta Brazilian News (in Portuguese). 17 November 2016. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2022. Com a Língua Portuguesa não foi diferente. Você sabia que o português é conhecido como a última flor do Lácio?
"Língua Portuguesa". Rua da Poesia (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 7 October 2008. Retrieved 24 August 2006. Última flor do Lácio, inculta e bela,/ És, a um tempo, esplendor e sepultura:/ Ouro nativo, que na ganga impura/ A bruta mina entre os cascalhos vela…
"Museu da Língua Portuguesa aberto ao público no dia 20" [Portuguese Language Museum open to the public on 20]. Noticiaslusofonas.com (in Portuguese). 8 March 2006. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
"Brazil: Fire engulfs Portuguese language museum in Sao Paulo, one killed". International Business Times. 22 December 2015. Archived from the original on 16 March 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
"Museu da Língua Portuguesa será reaberto ao público no domingo". Agência Brasil. 29 July 2021. Archived from the original on 10 April 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
"Special Eurobarometer 243 "Europeans and their Languages"" (PDF). European Commission. 2006. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 February 2007. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
"Portuguese language in Brazil". Country Studies US. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
Hagemeijer, Tjerk (2009). "As Línguas de S. Tomé e Príncipe" (PDF). Revista de Crioulos de Base Lexical Portuguesa e Espanhola. 1 (1): 1–27. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
A. D. Medeiros, Adelardo. "Portuguese in Africa – Mozambique". Archived from the original on 28 April 2005. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
A. D. Medeiros, Adelardo. "Portuguese in Africa – Guinea-Bissau". Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
"Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996, Chapter 1: Founding Provisions". www.gov.za. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
"Coneixements i usos lingüístics de la població d'Andorra: Situació actual i evolució 1995–2018" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Government of Andorra. 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.
"Bermuda". World InfoZone. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
"Population by mother tongue, by province and territory (2006 Census)". Statistics Canada. Archived from the original on 13 March 2012.
"Portuguese in Europe · Portuguese-speaking countries & Portuguese language knowledge in Europe". Languageknowledge.eu. Archived from the original on 26 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
"Japão: imigrantes brasileiros popularizam língua portuguesa" (in Portuguese). 2008. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 13 May 2011.
"4.6% according to the 2001 census, see". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 13 January 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
Carin Pretorius – Developed CEIT Development CC. "The Namibian". Archived from the original on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2012.
Paraguay Archived 31 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine in Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2022). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (25th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
Lingue della Svizzera. Pratiche linguistiche in Svizzera: Primi risultati dell'Indagine sulla lingua, la religione e la cultura 2019 (Report) (in Italian). 2019. Archived from the original on 26 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
Venezuela Archived 31 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine in Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2022). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (25th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
"Portuguese Language in Goa". Colaco.net. Archived from the original on 29 May 2001. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
"The Portuguese Experience: The Case of Goa, Daman and Diu". Rjmacau.com. Archived from the original on 21 July 2006. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
"1.500 pessoas estudam português em Goa". Revistamacau.com. 2 June 2014. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
Factoria Audiovisual S.R.L. (20 July 2010). "El portugués será el tercer idioma oficial de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial – Página Oficial del Gobierno de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial". Guineaecuatorialpress.com. Archived from the original on 4 November 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
"Equatorial Guinea Adds Portuguese as the Country's Third Official Language". PR Newswire (Press release). Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. "Equatorial Guinea, member of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries". Archived from the original on 27 February 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
"Official languages of Mercosul as agreed in the Protocol of Ouro Preto". Actrav.itcilo.org. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
Statutes, Article 1"Official statute of the organization". Oei.es. Archived from the original on 28 June 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
Constitutive Treaty of the Union of South American Nations, Article 23 "Tratado Constitutivo de la Unión de Naciones Suramericanas" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2020. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
General Assembly of the OAS, Amendments to the Rules of Procedure of the General Assembly Archived 15 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, 5 June 2000
Article 11, Protocol on Amendments to the Constitutive Act of the African Union "Protocol on the Amendments to the Constitutive Act of the African Union" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
"Languages in Europe – Official EU Languages". EUROPA web portal. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009. Retrieved 12 October 2009.
"Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
"IBGE | Projeção da população". www.ibge.gov.br. Archived from the original on 16 November 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
"Population by Country (2022) - Worldometer". www.worldometers.info. Archived from the original on 5 January 2018. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
"Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
"Governo uruguaio torna obrigatório ensino do português" [Uruguayan government makes Portuguese mandatory]. UOL Notícias (in Portuguese). 5 November 2007. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 13 July 2010.
"Portuguese language will be option in the official Venezuelan teachings" (in Portuguese). 24 May 2009. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2010.
"Zambia will adopt the Portuguese language in their Basic school" (in Portuguese). 26 May 2009. Archived from the original on 28 May 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2010.
"Congo will start to teach Portuguese in schools" (in Portuguese). 4 June 2010. Archived from the original on 7 August 2010. Retrieved 13 July 2010.
"Português entra no currículo escolar da Costa do Marfim no próximo ano letivo" [Portuguese enters the Ivory Coast school curriculum next school year]. www.portugal.gov.pt (in Portuguese). 23 June 2016. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2019.
"República da Maurícia". www.cplp.org. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2019.
"Português vai ser introduzido no ensino secundário no Zimbabué" [Portuguese to be introduced to secondary education in Zimbabwe]. SAPO 24 (in Portuguese). 18 January 2017. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
"Zimbabwe: Português vai ser introduzido no ensino secundário do país" [Zimbabwe: Portuguese to be introduced into the country's secondary education] (in Portuguese). Angola Press – ANGOP. 19 January 2017. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
"Português será língua curricular em 32 países no próximo ano letivo" [Portuguese will be curricular language in 32 countries next school year]. SAPO 24 (in Portuguese). 22 July 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
"Portuguese language in Timor Leste" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 June 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
"The World Factbook – Field Listing – Population – CIA". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
"Portuguese language gaining popularity". Anglopress Edicões e Publicidade Lda. 5 May 2007. Archived from the original on 18 March 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2011.
Leach, Michael (2007). "talking Portuguese; China and East Timor". Arena Magazine. Archived from the original on 5 November 2011. Retrieved 18 May 2011.
Bilrero, António (15 March 2018). "Promising future for Portuguese language in China". Macao Magazine. Archived from the original on 2 July 2019.
"Audio samples of the dialects of Portuguese". Instituto Camões. Archived from the original on 27 April 2015. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
"Nheengatu and caipira dialect". Sosaci.org. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
Ferraz, Irineu da Silva (2005). Características fonético-acústicas do /r/ retroflexo do portugues brasileiro: dados de informantes de Pato Branco (PR) [Acoustic-phonetic characteristics of the Brazilian Portuguese's retroflex /r/: data from respondents in Pato Branco, Paraná] (PDF) (Master's thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade Federal do Paraná. pp. 19–21. hdl:1884/3955. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
Leite, Cândida Mara Britto (2010). "O /r/ em posição de coda silábica na capital do interior paulista: uma abordagem sociolinguística" [Syllable coda /r/ in the "capital" of the Paulista hinterland: a sociolinguistic analysis]. Sínteses (in Portuguese). 15: 111. Archived from the original on 22 December 2012.
Castilho, Ataliba T. de. "Saber uma língua é separar o certo do errado? A língua é um organismo vivo que varia conforme o contexto e vai muito além de uma coleção de regras e normas de como falar e escrever" [To know a language is really about separating correct from awry? Language is a living organism that varies by context and goes far beyond a collection of rules and norms of how to speak and write] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Museu da Língua Portuguesa. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2012.
"Linguistic prejudice and the surprising (academic and formal) unity of Brazilian Portuguese". Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
Monteiro, José Lemos (2000). "As descrições fonológicas do português do Ceará: de Aguiar a Macambira" (PDF). Revista do GELNE. 2 (1). Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 March 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
Maia, Viviane dos Santos (2012). 'Tu vai para onde? ... Você vai para onde?': manifestações da segunda pessoa na fala carioca ['Tu vai para onde? ... Você vai para onde?: manifestations of the second person in Carioca speech] (PDF) (Master's thesis) (in Portuguese). Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
Aragão, Maria do Socorro Silva de. "Aspectos Fonético-Fonológicos do Falar do Ceará: O Que Tem Surgido nos Inquéritos Experimentais do Atlas Lingüístico do Brasil – ALiB-Ce" [Phonetic-Phonological Aspects of the Speech of Ceará: What Has Appeared in Experimental Surveys of the Linguistic Atlas of Brazil – ALiB-Ce] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
Lee, Seung Hwa (2006). "Sobre as vogais pré-tônicas no Português Brasileiro" [About pre-tonic vowels in Brazilian Portuguese] (PDF). Estudos Lingüísticos (in Portuguese). XXXV: 166–175. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
Aragão, Maria do Socorro Silva de (2009). "Os estudos fonético-fonológicos nos estados da Paraíba e do Ceará" [Phonetic-phonological studies in the states of Paraíba and Ceará] (PDF). Revista da ABRALIN (in Portuguese). 8 (1): 163–184. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
Nascimento, Katiene; Guimarães, Daniela; Barboza, Clerton; et al. (2012). "Revisitando a palatalização no português brasileiro" [Revisiting palatalization in Brazilian Portuguese]. Revista de Estudos da Linguagem (in Portuguese). 20 (2): 59–89. doi:10.17851/2237-2083.20.2.59-89. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
"Learn about Portuguese language". Sibila - Revista de Poesia e Crítica Literária. Sibila. 25 April 2009. Archived from the original on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
"O MEC, o "português errado" e a linguistica..." [MEC, "wrong Portuguese" and linguistics…]. Imprenca.com (in Portuguese). 17 May 2011. Archived from the original on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
"Cartilha do MEC ensina erro de Português" [MEC primer teaches Portuguese error]. Saindo da Matrix (in Portuguese). 18 May 2011. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
"Livro do MEC ensina o português errado ou apenas valoriza as formas linguísticas?". Jornal de Beltrão (in Portuguese). 26 May 2011. Archived from the original on 11 November 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
"O Que É? Amazônia" [What is? Amazon]. Amarnatureza.org.br (in Portuguese). Associação de Defesa do Meio Ambiente Araucária (AMAR). 1 September 2009. Archived from the original on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
Viviane Maia dos Santos. "A Constituição de Corpora Orais Para a Análise das Formas de Tratamento" (PDF). Anais do IX Encontro do CELSUL Palhoça, SC, out. 2010 Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
Béliche Alves, Cibelle Corrêa (2012). "'Por onde tá "o tu"?' no português falado no Maranhão". Signum: Estudos da Linguagem. 15 (1): 13–31. doi:10.5433/2237-4876.2012v15n1p13. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
Loregian-Penkal, Loremi (2005). "Alternância tu/você em Santa Catarina: uma abordagem variacionista" (PDF). Estudos Lingüísticos (in Portuguese). XXXIV: 362–367. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017 – via Tu/você alternation in Santa Catarina: a variationist approach.
"Apprendre la langue romanche et le vocabulaire, dictionnaire Rumantsch". romansh.romanche.free.fr. Archived from the original on 10 May 2023. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
Filppula, Markku; Klemola, Juhani (2014). "Celtic Influences in English: A Re-Evaluation". Neuphilologische Mitteilungen. 115 (1): 33–53. JSTOR 43344757. Archived from the original on 20 January 2024. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
"Canja". Dicionário Priberam. Archived from the original on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
Penny, Ralph (2000). Variation and Change in Spanish. Cambridge University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-521-78045-2. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
Ginsburgh, Victor; Weber, Shlomo (2011). How Many Languages Do We Need?: The Economics of Linguistic Diversity. Princeton University Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-0-691-13689-9. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
"Similar languages to Portuguese". EZ Glot. Archived from the original on 2 March 2023. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
Lipski, John M (2006). Face, Timothy L; Klee, Carol A (eds.). Too close for comfort? the genesis of 'portuñol/portunhol' (PDF). Selected Proceedings of the 8th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium. pp. 1–22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 21 June 2015.
"A Fala Galego-Portuguesa da Baixa-Limia e Castro Laboreiro" [The Galician–Portuguese Speech of Baixa-Limia and Castro Laboreiro] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
"O galego deixa de ser unha das linguas 'en perigo' para a Unesco" [Galician is no longer one of the "endangered" languages for Unesco]. Galicia Hoxe (in Galician). 20 February 2009. Archived from the original on 6 November 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2015.
"O Galego já é oficial na UE [GL/PT]". Associaçom Galega da Lingua. Archived from the original on 30 October 2004.
Moniz, Alexandre (2021). "Galician: How to Kill a Language" (PDF). Cambridge Engage. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
"O galego e o português são a mesma língua/". 27 January 2020. Archived from the original on 21 September 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
Osório, Jorge A. (1993). "D. Dinis: o Rei a Língua e o Reino" [D. Dinis: the King the Language and the Kingdom] (PDF). Máthesis (in Portuguese) (2): 17–36. hdl:10216/20003. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
Camus, Yves. "Jesuits' Journeys in Chinese Studies" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
Dicionário Português–Chinês : Pu Han ci dian: Portuguese–Chinese dictionary, by Michele Ruggieri, Matteo Ricci; edited by John W. Witek. Published 2001, Biblioteca Nacional. ISBN 972-565-298-3. Partial preview Archived 15 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine available on Google Books
"Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database: Sorting Citrus Names". University of Melbourne. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2012.
Luján Martínez, Eugenio R. (2006). "The language(s) of the Callaeci". E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies. 6: 715–748. ISSN 1540-4889. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
Piel, Joseph-Maria (1989). "Origens e estruturação histórica do léxico português" [Origins and historical structure of the Portuguese lexicon]. Estudos de Linguística Histórica Galego-Portuguesa [Studies in Galician–Portuguese Historical Linguistics] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Lisboa: IN-CM. pp. 9–16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2008.
Such as Bolso: A Toponímia Céltica e os vestígios de cultura material da Proto-História de Portugal. Freire, José. Revista de Guimarães, Volume Especial, I, Guimarães, 1999, pp. 265–275 Archived 6 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine. (PDF) . Retrieved 14 November 2011.
"As origens do romance galego-português" [The origins of the Galician–Portuguese romance language]. História da Língua Portuguesa em linha (in Portuguese). Instituto Camões. Archived from the original on 31 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
Alinei, Mario; Benozzo, Francesco (2008). Alguns aspectos da Teoria da Continuidade Paleolítica aplicada à região galega [Some aspects of the Paleolithic Continuity Theory applied to the Galician region] (PDF) (in Portuguese). ISBN 978-989-618-200-7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
Silva, Luís Fraga da. "Ethnologic Map of Pre-Roman Iberia (circa 200 B.C.)". Arkeotavira.com. Archived from the original on 25 November 2011. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
"Fonética histórica" [Historical phonetics]. História da Língua Portuguesa em linha (in Portuguese). Instituto Camões. Archived from the original on 22 September 2007.
"Delegação da Índia". www.foriente.pt. Archived from the original on 27 May 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
Mateus & d'Andrade (2000:11) Mateus, Maria Helena; d'Andrade, Ernesto (2000). The Phonology of Portuguese. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-823581-1. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
Christopher, Spahr. "Confronting the European Portuguese low vowel distinction" (PDF). UToronto. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
Carvalho, Joana (2012). "Sobre os Ditongos do Português Europeu" (PDF). ELingUp (in Portuguese). 4 (1): 20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015. A conclusão será que nos encontramos em presença de dois segmentos fonológicos /kʷ/ e /ɡʷ/, respetivamente, com uma articulação vocálica. Bisol (2005:122), tal como Freitas (1997), afirma que não estamos em presença de um ataque ramificado. Neste caso, a glide, juntamente com a vogal que a sucede, forma um ditongo no nível pós-lexical. Esta conclusão implica um aumento do número de segmentos no inventário segmental fonológico do português.
Bisol (2005:122): "A proposta é que a sequencia consoante velar + glide posterior seja indicada no léxico como uma unidade monofonemática /kʷ/ e /ɡʷ/. O glide que, nete caso, situa-se no ataque não-ramificado, forma com a vogal seguinte um ditongo crescente em nível pós lexical. Ditongos crescentes somente se formam neste nível. Em resumo, a consoante velar e o glide posterior, quando seguidos de a/o, formam uma só unidade fonológica, ou seja, um segmento consonantal com articulação secundária vocálica, em outros termos, um segmento complexo." Bisol, Leda (2005). Introdução a estudos de fonologia do português brasileiro (in Portuguese). Porto Alegre – Rio Grande do Sul: EDIPUCRS. ISBN 978-85-7430-529-5. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
Rodrigues (2012:39–40) Rodrigues, Marisandra Costa (2012). Encontros Vocálicos Finais em Português: Descrição e Análise Otimalista (PDF) (Thesis). Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
Bisol (2005:123) Bisol, Leda (2005). Introdução a estudos de fonologia do português brasileiro (in Portuguese). Porto Alegre – Rio Grande do Sul: EDIPUCRS. ISBN 978-85-7430-529-5. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
Thomas (1974:8) Thomas, Earl W. (1974). A Grammar of Spoken Brazilian Portuguese. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press. ISBN 978-0-8265-1197-3. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
Mateus & d'Andrade (2000:5–6, 11) Mateus, Maria Helena; d'Andrade, Ernesto (2000). The Phonology of Portuguese. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-823581-1. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
Grønnum (2005:157) Grønnum, Nina (2005). Fonetik og fonologi, Almen og Dansk (3rd ed.). Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag. ISBN 978-87-500-3865-8. Archived from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
"Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Portuguese (Portugal)". Unicode. Archived from the original on 9 January 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
"Universal Declaration of Human Rights". United Nations. Archived from the original on 16 March 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2022.

wikiwix.com

archive.wikiwix.com

"2012 World Population Data Sheet Interactive Map - Population Reference Bureau". archive.wikiwix.com. Archived from the original on 15 June 2007. Retrieved 9 September 2024.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Corriente, F. (2008). Dictionary of Arabic and allied loanwords : Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Galician and kindred dialects. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16858-9. OCLC 234431540.
Lay, Stephen (2015). "Sanctity and Social Alienation in Twelfth-Century Braga as Portrayed in the Vita Sancti Geraldi". Portuguese Studies. 31 (2): 153–168. doi:10.5699/portstudies.31.2.0153. ISSN 0267-5315. S2CID 164609309.
Luján Martínez, Eugenio R. (2006). "The language(s) of the Callaeci". E-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies. 6: 715–748. ISSN 1540-4889. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
Squartini, Mario (1998). Verbal Periphrases in Romance: Aspect, Actionality, and Grammaticalization. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-016160-1. OCLC 39007172.

worldcat.org

Corriente, F. (2008). Dictionary of Arabic and allied loanwords : Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Galician and kindred dialects. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16858-9. OCLC 234431540.

worldinfozone.com

"Bermuda". World InfoZone. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2010.

worldometers.info

"Population by Country (2022) - Worldometer". www.worldometers.info. Archived from the original on 5 January 2018. Retrieved 18 March 2022.