Poverty threshold (English Wikipedia)

"The Straight Facts on Women in Poverty" (PDF). cdn.americanprogressaction.org. October 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Rowntree, Benjamin Seebohm (1901). Poverty: A Study in Town Life. Macmillan and Co. p. 298

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

Michael Blastland (31 July 2009). "Just what is poor?". BBC News. Retrieved 25 September 2008.

brookings.edu (Global: 1,937^th place; English: 1,225^th place)

"The start of a new poverty narrative". 19 June 2018. Brookings Institution, June 2018

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digitalcommons.calpoly.edu

Engle, Patrice L.; Black, Maureen M. (25 July 2008). "The Effect of Poverty on Child Development and Educational Outcomes". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1136 (1): 243–256. Bibcode:2008NYASA1136..243E. doi:10.1196/annals.1425.023. PMID 18579886. S2CID 7576265.

census.gov (Global: 18^th place; English: 18^th place)

"2018 Poverty Rate in the United States". The United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 16 May 2021.

conferenceboard.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Child Poverty". Ottawa, ON: Conference Board of Canada. 2013.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Gillie, Alan (1996). "The Origin of the Poverty Line". Economic History Review. 49 (4): 715–730 [p. 726]. doi:10.2307/2597970. JSTOR 2597970.
Jolly, Richard (October 1976). "The World Employment Conference: The Enthronement of Basic Needs". Development Policy Review. A9 (2): 31–44. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7679.1976.tb00338.x.
Ghai, Dharam (June 1978). "Basic Needs and its Critics". Institute of Development Studies. 9 (4): 16–18. doi:10.1111/j.1759-5436.1978.mp9004004.x.^{[permanent dead link]}
Eskelinen, Teppo (2011). "Relative Poverty". Encyclopedia of Global Justice. pp. 942–943. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9160-5_182. ISBN 978-1-4020-9159-9.
European Commission. Statistical Office of the European Union (2018). Living conditions in Europe. Publications Office. doi:10.2785/39876. ISBN 978-92-79-86498-8. p. 8: In 2016, median equivalised net income varied considerably across the EU Member States
Bradshaw, Jonathan; Chzhen, Yekaterina; Main, Gill; Martorano, Bruno; Menchini, Leonardo; de Neubourg, Chris (31 January 2012). "Relative Income Poverty Among Children in Rich Countries". Innocenti Working Papers. doi:10.18356/3afdf450-en.
Ravallion, Martin; Chen, Shaohua (August 2017). "Welfare-Consistent Global Poverty Measures". National Bureau of Economic Research. Working Paper Series. doi:10.3386/w23739. SSRN 3027843.
Callan, T; Nolan, Brian; Whelan, Christopher T (1993). "Resources, Deprivation and the Measurement of Poverty" (PDF). Journal of Social Policy. 22 (2): 141–72. doi:10.1017/s0047279400019280. hdl:10197/1061. S2CID 55675120.
Haveman, Robert (1993). "Who Are the Nation's 'Truly Poor'? Problems and Pitfalls in (Re)defining and Measuring Poverty". The Brookings Review. 11 (1): 24–27. doi:10.2307/20080360. JSTOR 20080360.
McLanahan, Sara S.; Kelly, Erin L. (2006). "The Feminization of Poverty". Handbook of the Sociology of Gender. Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research. pp. 127–145. doi:10.1007/0-387-36218-5_7. ISBN 978-0-387-32460-9.
Engle, Patrice L.; Black, Maureen M. (25 July 2008). "The Effect of Poverty on Child Development and Educational Outcomes". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1136 (1): 243–256. Bibcode:2008NYASA1136..243E. doi:10.1196/annals.1425.023. PMID 18579886. S2CID 7576265.
Griffith, Kevin; Evans, Leigh; Bor, Jacob (August 2017). "The Affordable Care Act Reduced Socioeconomic Disparities In Health Care Access". Health Affairs. 36 (8): 1503–1510. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0083. PMC 8087201. PMID 28747321.
Fullerton, Don; Rao, Nirupama (August 2016). "The Lifecycle of the 47%". National Bureau of Economic Research. Working Paper Series. doi:10.3386/w22580. S2CID 157334511. SSRN 2832584.
Grieger, Lloyd D.; Danziger, Sheldon H. (1 November 2011). "Who Receives Food Stamps During Adulthood? Analyzing Repeatable Events With Incomplete Event Histories". Demography. 48 (4): 1601–1614. doi:10.1007/s13524-011-0056-x. PMID 21853399. S2CID 45907852.
Kenworthy, L (1999). "Do social-welfare policies reduce poverty? A cross-national assessment" (PDF). Social Forces. 77 (3): 1119–39. doi:10.1093/sf/77.3.1119. hdl:10419/160860.
Bradley, D; Huber, E; Moller, S.; Nielson, F; Stephens, JD (2003). "Determinants of relative poverty in advanced capitalist democracies". American Sociological Review. 68 (3): 22–51. doi:10.2307/3088901. JSTOR 3088901.

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epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu

Ive Marx; Karel van den Bosch. "How poverty differs from inequality on poverty management in an enlarged EU context: Conventional and alternate approaches" (PDF). Antwerp, Belgium: Centre for Social Policy. ^{[permanent dead link]}

ec.europa.eu

Bardone, Laura; Guio, Anne-Catherine (2005). "In-Work Poverty: New commonly agreed indicators at the EU level". Statistics in Focus.

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"U.S. Poverty Statistics". federalsafetynet.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
"U.S. Poverty Statistics". federalsafteynet.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
"U.S Poverty Stats". Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
"U.S. Poverty Statistics". federalfasteynet.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2019.

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ccf.georgetown.edu

"Research Update: Medicaid Pulls Americans Out Of Poverty, Updated Edition". Center For Children and Families. 8 March 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

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"Annual Update of the HHS Poverty Guidelines" (PDF). Federal Register. 85: 3060. 17 January 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.

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"Relative vs Absolute Poverty: Defining Different Types of Poverty". Habitat for Humanity GB. 6 September 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2020.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Callan, T; Nolan, Brian; Whelan, Christopher T (1993). "Resources, Deprivation and the Measurement of Poverty" (PDF). Journal of Social Policy. 22 (2): 141–72. doi:10.1017/s0047279400019280. hdl:10197/1061. S2CID 55675120.
Kenworthy, L (1999). "Do social-welfare policies reduce poverty? A cross-national assessment" (PDF). Social Forces. 77 (3): 1119–39. doi:10.1093/sf/77.3.1119. hdl:10419/160860.

healthcare.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Federal Poverty Level (FPL) - HealthCare.gov Glossary". HealthCare.gov. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

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"Will you receive an Obamacare premium subsidy?". healthinsurance.org. 27 December 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

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aspe.hhs.gov

"History of poverty thresholds". ASPE. 23 November 2015.
"Poverty Guidelines". ASPE. 23 November 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

ids.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 9,442^nd place)

opendocs.ids.ac.uk

Ghai, Dharam (June 1978). "Basic Needs and its Critics". Institute of Development Studies. 9 (4): 16–18. doi:10.1111/j.1759-5436.1978.mp9004004.x.^{[permanent dead link]}

ilo.org (Global: 2,182^nd place; English: 2,511^th place)

"The World Employment Programme at ILO" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2014.

inequalitywatch.eu (Global: low place; English: low place)

"http://inequalitywatch.eu/spip.php?article99" Eurostat 2010

ippr.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Cooke, Graeme; Lawton, Kayte (January 2008). "Working out of Poverty: A study of the low paid and the working poor" (PDF). Institute for Public Policy Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 April 2023. Retrieved 3 February 2020.

ippr.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

IPPR Article: "Government must rescue 'forgotten million children' in poverty" Archived 25 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Gillie, Alan (1996). "The Origin of the Poverty Line". Economic History Review. 49 (4): 715–730 [p. 726]. doi:10.2307/2597970. JSTOR 2597970.
Foster, James E. (1998). "Absolute versus Relative Poverty". The American Economic Review. 88 (2): 335–341. JSTOR 116944.
Haveman, Robert (1993). "Who Are the Nation's 'Truly Poor'? Problems and Pitfalls in (Re)defining and Measuring Poverty". The Brookings Review. 11 (1): 24–27. doi:10.2307/20080360. JSTOR 20080360.
Bradley, D; Huber, E; Moller, S.; Nielson, F; Stephens, JD (2003). "Determinants of relative poverty in advanced capitalist democracies". American Sociological Review. 68 (3): 22–51. doi:10.2307/3088901. JSTOR 3088901.

kayhanlife.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Iranian Families Pushed Below Poverty Line by Low National Minimum Wage". 30 January 2020.

lisdatacenter.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Kenworthy, L (1999). "Do social-welfare policies reduce poverty? A cross-national assessment" (PDF). Social Forces. 77 (3): 1119–39. doi:10.1093/sf/77.3.1119. hdl:10419/160860.

living-income.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Living Income | Living Income Community of Practice". livingincome. Retrieved 19 November 2020.

mcgill.ca (Global: 2,445^th place; English: 1,513^th place)

cjnr.archive.mcgill.ca

Raphael, Dennis (June 2009). "Poverty, Human Development, and Health in Canada: Research, Practice, and Advocacy Dilemmas". Canadian Journal of Nursing Research. 41 (2): 7–18. PMID 19650510.

merriam-webster.com (Global: 425^th place; English: 373^rd place)

webster, The breadline. "The breadline".

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

livingwage.mit.edu

"Living Wage Calculator". livingwage.mit.edu. Retrieved 19 November 2020.

nber.org (Global: 3,811^th place; English: 2,424^th place)

Ravallion, Martin; Chen, Shaohua (August 2017). "Welfare-Consistent Global Poverty Measures". National Bureau of Economic Research. Working Paper Series. doi:10.3386/w23739. SSRN 3027843.
Fullerton, Don; Rao, Nirupama (August 2016). "The Lifecycle of the 47%". National Bureau of Economic Research. Working Paper Series. doi:10.3386/w22580. S2CID 157334511. SSRN 2832584.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Raphael, Dennis (June 2009). "Poverty, Human Development, and Health in Canada: Research, Practice, and Advocacy Dilemmas". Canadian Journal of Nursing Research. 41 (2): 7–18. PMID 19650510.
Engle, Patrice L.; Black, Maureen M. (25 July 2008). "The Effect of Poverty on Child Development and Educational Outcomes". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1136 (1): 243–256. Bibcode:2008NYASA1136..243E. doi:10.1196/annals.1425.023. PMID 18579886. S2CID 7576265.
Griffith, Kevin; Evans, Leigh; Bor, Jacob (August 2017). "The Affordable Care Act Reduced Socioeconomic Disparities In Health Care Access". Health Affairs. 36 (8): 1503–1510. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0083. PMC 8087201. PMID 28747321.
Grieger, Lloyd D.; Danziger, Sheldon H. (1 November 2011). "Who Receives Food Stamps During Adulthood? Analyzing Repeatable Events With Incomplete Event Histories". Demography. 48 (4): 1601–1614. doi:10.1007/s13524-011-0056-x. PMID 21853399. S2CID 45907852.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Griffith, Kevin; Evans, Leigh; Bor, Jacob (August 2017). "The Affordable Care Act Reduced Socioeconomic Disparities In Health Care Access". Health Affairs. 36 (8): 1503–1510. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0083. PMC 8087201. PMID 28747321.

oecd.org (Global: 1,345^th place; English: 1,190^th place)

"Growing unequal? Income distribution and poverty in OECD countries". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2008.

ons.gov.uk (Global: 1,126^th place; English: 939^th place)

White, Nicola (2021). "Low and high pay in the UK: 2021". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 24 January 2022.

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Chassagnon, A (2019). "Efficiency and equity" (PDF). Paris School of Economics.

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Francis-Devine, Brigid (2021). "National Minimum Wage Statistics: Research Briefing". UK Parliament. House of Commons. Retrieved 24 January 2022.

planningcommission.gov.in (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Poverty Estimates for 2004-05" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 September 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2009.

proquest.com (Global: 121^st place; English: 59^th place)

Fuchs, Victor (Summer 1967). "Redefining Poverty and Redistributing Income". The Public Interest. 8: 88. ProQuest 1298125552.

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"Iranian Workers Get A 'Humiliating' Wage Increase". En.radiofarda.com. 9 April 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2022.

repec.org (Global: 4,857^th place; English: 3,422^nd place)

ideas.repec.org

Robert C. Allen, 2017. " Absolute Poverty: When Necessity Displaces Desire REVISED, " Working Papers 20170005, New York University Abu Dhabi, Department of Social Science, revised Jun 2017.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Callan, T; Nolan, Brian; Whelan, Christopher T (1993). "Resources, Deprivation and the Measurement of Poverty" (PDF). Journal of Social Policy. 22 (2): 141–72. doi:10.1017/s0047279400019280. hdl:10197/1061. S2CID 55675120.
Engle, Patrice L.; Black, Maureen M. (25 July 2008). "The Effect of Poverty on Child Development and Educational Outcomes". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1136 (1): 243–256. Bibcode:2008NYASA1136..243E. doi:10.1196/annals.1425.023. PMID 18579886. S2CID 7576265.
Fullerton, Don; Rao, Nirupama (August 2016). "The Lifecycle of the 47%". National Bureau of Economic Research. Working Paper Series. doi:10.3386/w22580. S2CID 157334511. SSRN 2832584.
Grieger, Lloyd D.; Danziger, Sheldon H. (1 November 2011). "Who Receives Food Stamps During Adulthood? Analyzing Repeatable Events With Incomplete Event Histories". Demography. 48 (4): 1601–1614. doi:10.1007/s13524-011-0056-x. PMID 21853399. S2CID 45907852.

smu.edu.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

ink.library.smu.edu.sg

Donaldson, John A.; Loh, Jacqueline; Mudaliar, Sanushka; Kadir, Mumtaz Md; Wu, Biqi; Yeoh, Lam Keong (2013). "Measuring Poverty in Singapore: Frameworks for Consideration". Social Space: 58–66.

ssrn.com (Global: 907^th place; English: 529^th place)

papers.ssrn.com

Ravallion, Martin; Chen, Shaohua (August 2017). "Welfare-Consistent Global Poverty Measures". National Bureau of Economic Research. Working Paper Series. doi:10.3386/w23739. SSRN 3027843.
Fullerton, Don; Rao, Nirupama (August 2016). "The Lifecycle of the 47%". National Bureau of Economic Research. Working Paper Series. doi:10.3386/w22580. S2CID 157334511. SSRN 2832584.

stat.gov.pl (Global: 90^th place; English: 223^rd place)

Żyra, Małgorzata (30 June 2020). "Zasięg ubóstwa ekonomicznego w Polsce w 2019 r." [The extent of economic poverty in Poland in 2019] (PDF) (in Polish). Statistics Poland. Retrieved 1 April 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

straitstimes.com (Global: 461^st place; English: 263^rd place)

migration (23 October 2013). "Why setting a poverty line may not be helpful: Minister Chan Chun Sing". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 24 September 2024. Retrieved 11 April 2021.

talkpoverty.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Basic Statistics". Talk Poverty. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

Hickel, Jason (1 November 2015). "Could you live on $1.90 a day? That's the international poverty line". The Guardian.
Toynbee, Polly (16 November 2021). "Levelling up? If anything, things are getting worse for the lowest paid in the UK". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 January 2022.

thenationalnews.com (Global: 1,153^rd place; English: 616^th place)

"Millions live below the poverty line in Iran". Thenationalnews.com. 4 August 2008. Retrieved 19 August 2022.

typepad.com (Global: 1,805^th place; English: 1,102^nd place)

taxprof.typepad.com

The authors of The Myth of American Inequality wrote, "Real income of the bottom quintile . . . grew more than 681% from 1967 to 2017. The percentage of people living in poverty fell from 32% in 1947 to 15% in 1967 to only 1.1% in 2017."TaxProf Blog

ucd.ie (Global: 9,021^st place; English: 5,489^th place)

researchrepository.ucd.ie

Callan, T; Nolan, Brian; Whelan, Christopher T (1993). "Resources, Deprivation and the Measurement of Poverty" (PDF). Journal of Social Policy. 22 (2): 141–72. doi:10.1017/s0047279400019280. hdl:10197/1061. S2CID 55675120.

un.org (Global: 117^th place; English: 160^th place)

"Indicators of Poverty and Hunger" (PDF). Retrieved 14 February 2008.

unicef.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

Peter Adamson; UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre (2012). Measuring child poverty: New league tables of child poverty in the world's rich countries (PDF) (Report). UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre Report Card. Florence, Italy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2013. Retrieved 19 June 2013.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"The World Employment Programme at ILO" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2014.
Peter Adamson; UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre (2012). Measuring child poverty: New league tables of child poverty in the world's rich countries (PDF) (Report). UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre Report Card. Florence, Italy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2013. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
Cooke, Graeme; Lawton, Kayte (January 2008). "Working out of Poverty: A study of the low paid and the working poor" (PDF). Institute for Public Policy Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 April 2023. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
IPPR Article: "Government must rescue 'forgotten million children' in poverty" Archived 25 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
"Poverty Estimates for 2004-05" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 September 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2009.
migration (23 October 2013). "Why setting a poverty line may not be helpful: Minister Chan Chun Sing". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 24 September 2024. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
"The Straight Facts on Women in Poverty" (PDF). cdn.americanprogressaction.org. October 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
"U.S. Poverty Statistics". federalsafetynet.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
"U.S. Poverty Statistics". federalsafteynet.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
"U.S Poverty Stats". Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
"U.S. Poverty Statistics". federalfasteynet.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2019.

worldbank.org (Global: 280^th place; English: 430^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Haughton, Jonathan; Khandker, Shahidur R. (2009). Handbook on Poverty + Inequality. World Bank Publications. ISBN 978-0-8213-7614-0. OCLC 568421757.^{[page needed]}

Poverty threshold (English Wikipedia)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

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ippr.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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stat.gov.pl (Global: 90th place; English: 223rd place)

straitstimes.com (Global: 461st place; English: 263rd place)

talkpoverty.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

theguardian.com (Global: 16th place; English: 11th place)

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georgetown.edu (Global: 2,198^th place; English: 1,338^th place)

govinfo.gov (Global: 1,755^th place; English: 831^st place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

hhs.gov (Global: 6,008^th place; English: 3,458^th place)

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ilo.org (Global: 2,182^nd place; English: 2,511^th place)

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mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

nber.org (Global: 3,811^th place; English: 2,424^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

oecd.org (Global: 1,345^th place; English: 1,190^th place)

ons.gov.uk (Global: 1,126^th place; English: 939^th place)

parliament.uk (Global: 313^th place; English: 181^st place)

proquest.com (Global: 121^st place; English: 59^th place)

radiofarda.com (Global: 1,183^rd place; English: 4,737^th place)

repec.org (Global: 4,857^th place; English: 3,422^nd place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

ssrn.com (Global: 907^th place; English: 529^th place)

stat.gov.pl (Global: 90^th place; English: 223^rd place)

straitstimes.com (Global: 461^st place; English: 263^rd place)

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

thenationalnews.com (Global: 1,153^rd place; English: 616^th place)

typepad.com (Global: 1,805^th place; English: 1,102^nd place)

ucd.ie (Global: 9,021^st place; English: 5,489^th place)

un.org (Global: 117^th place; English: 160^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldbank.org (Global: 280^th place; English: 430^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)