Powered exoskeleton (English Wikipedia)

Mejía Gallón, Valentina; Sánchez Cabarcas, Mateo; Parra, Javier; Pabon, Jésus; Bonnet, Xavier (January 2025). "Comparative Analysis of Lower limb sEMG and Kinematics in Skiing Simulator with Exoskeleton Knee Support: Case study". Multidisciplinary Biomechanics Journal. 49th congress of the Société de Biomécanique. doi:10.46298/mbj.14561. HAL hal-04738051.

arstechnica.com

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"Calendar Year (CY) 2024 Home Health Prospective Payment System Final Rule (CMS-1780-F) | CMS". www.cms.gov. Retrieved 2025-04-08.

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Gonzalez, Oscar (2019-09-25). "Fallout Power Armor helmet recalled due to mold". CNET. Retrieved 2020-10-30.

creativecommons.org

de la Tejera, Javier A.; Bustamante-Bello, Rogelio; Ramirez-Mendoza, Ricardo A.; Izquierdo-Reyes, Javier (24 December 2020). "Systematic Review of Exoskeletons towards a General Categorization Model Proposal". Applied Sciences. 11 (1): 76. doi:10.3390/app11010076. hdl:1721.1/131309. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

doi.org

Kuber, Pranav Madhav; Rashedi, Ehsan (30 August 2024). "Training and Familiarization with Industrial Exoskeletons: A Review of Considerations, Protocols, and Approaches for Effective Implementation". Biomimetics. 9 (9): 520. doi:10.3390/biomimetics9090520. PMC 11430590. PMID 39329542.
Lowe, Brian D.; Billotte, William G.; Peterson, Donald R. (2019). "ASTM F48 Formation and Standards for Industrial Exoskeletons and Exosuits". IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors. 7 (3–4): 230–236. doi:10.1080/24725838.2019.1579769. PMC 6604650. PMID 31276081.
Ali, Athar; Fontanari, Vigilio; Schmoelz, Werner; Agrawal, Sunil K. (2021-11-02). "Systematic Review of Back-Support Exoskeletons and Soft Robotic Suits". Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. 9. doi:10.3389/fbioe.2021.765257. PMC 8603112. PMID 34805118.
Maciejasz, Paweł; Eschweiler, Jörg; Gerlach-Hahn, Kurt; Jansen-Troy, Arne; Leonhardt, Steffen (2014-01-09). "A survey on robotic devices for upper limb rehabilitation". Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation. 11: 3. doi:10.1186/1743-0003-11-3. PMC 4029785. PMID 24401110.
Siviy, Christopher; Baker, Lauren M.; Quinlivan, Brendan T.; Porciuncula, Franchino; Swaminathan, Krithika; Awad, Louis N.; Walsh, Conor J. (April 2023). "Opportunities and challenges in the development of exoskeletons for locomotor assistance". Nature Biomedical Engineering. 7 (4): 456–472. doi:10.1038/s41551-022-00984-1. PMC 11536595. PMID 36550303.
Wang, Tao; Zhang, Bin; Liu, Chenhao; Liu, Tao; Han, Yi; Wang, Shuoyu; Ferreira, João P.; Dong, Wei; Zhang, Xiufeng (27 January 2022). "A Review on the Rehabilitation Exoskeletons for the Lower Limbs of the Elderly and the Disabled". Electronics. 11 (3): 388. doi:10.3390/electronics11030388. ProQuest 2627463065.
Plaza, Alberto; Hernandez, Mar; Puyuelo, Gonzalo; Garces, Elena; Garcia, Elena (2023). "Lower-Limb Medical and Rehabilitation Exoskeletons: A Review of the Current Designs". IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering. 16: 278–291. doi:10.1109/RBME.2021.3078001. PMID 33961563.
Zhang, Ting; Tran, Minh; Huang, He (February 2018). "Design and Experimental Verification of Hip Exoskeleton With Balance Capacities for Walking Assistance". IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics. 23 (1): 274–285. doi:10.1109/TMECH.2018.2790358.
Murray, Spencer A.; Ha, Kevin H.; Hartigan, Clare; Goldfarb, Michael (May 2015). "An Assistive Control Approach for a Lower-Limb Exoskeleton to Facilitate Recovery of Walking Following Stroke". IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 23 (3): 441–449. doi:10.1109/TNSRE.2014.2346193. PMID 25134084.
Frisoli, Antonio; Procopio, Caterina; Chisari, Carmelo; Creatini, Ilaria; Bonfiglio, Luca; Bergamasco, Massimo; Rossi, Bruno; Carboncini, Maria (2012). "Positive effects of robotic exoskeleton training of upper limb reaching movements after stroke". Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. 9 (1): 36. doi:10.1186/1743-0003-9-36. PMC 3443436. PMID 22681653.
Bützer, Tobias; Lambercy, Olivier; Arata, Jumpei; Gassert, Roger (April 2021). "Fully Wearable Actuated Soft Exoskeleton for Grasping Assistance in Everyday Activities". Soft Robotics. 8 (2): 128–143. Bibcode:2021SoftR...8..128B. doi:10.1089/soro.2019.0135. PMID 32552422.
Proietti, Tommaso; Guigon, Emmanuel; Roby-Brami, Agnès; Jarrassé, Nathanaël (December 2017). "Modifying upper-limb inter-joint coordination in healthy subjects by training with a robotic exoskeleton". Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. 14 (1): 55. doi:10.1186/s12984-017-0254-x. PMC 5469138. PMID 28606179.
Lajeunesse, Veronique; Vincent, Claude; Routhier, François; Careau, Emmanuelle; Michaud, François (2 October 2016). "Exoskeletons' design and usefulness evidence according to a systematic review of lower limb exoskeletons used for functional mobility by people with spinal cord injury". Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology. 11 (7): 535–547. doi:10.3109/17483107.2015.1080766. PMID 26340538.
Randazzo, Luca; Iturrate, Inaki; Perdikis, Serafeim; Millan, J. d. R. (January 2018). "mano: A Wearable Hand Exoskeleton for Activities of Daily Living and Neurorehabilitation" (PDF). IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. 3 (1): 500–507. doi:10.1109/LRA.2017.2771329.
Murray, Spencer A.; Ha, Kevin H.; Hartigan, Clare; Goldfarb, Michael (May 2015). "An Assistive Control Approach for a Lower-Limb Exoskeleton to Facilitate Recovery of Walking Following Stroke". IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 23 (3): 441–449. doi:10.1109/TNSRE.2014.2346193. PMID 25134084.
Rocon, E.; Belda-Lois, J. M.; Ruiz, A. F.; Manto, M.; Moreno, J. C.; Pons, J. L. (September 2007). "Design and Validation of a Rehabilitation Robotic Exoskeleton for Tremor Assessment and Suppression". IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 15 (3): 367–378. doi:10.1109/TNSRE.2007.903917. hdl:10261/24774. PMID 17894269.
Stienen, Arno H. A.; Hekman, Edsko E. G.; Prange, Gerdienke B.; Jannink, Michiel J. A.; Aalsma, Arthur M. M.; van der Helm, Frans C. T.; van der Kooij, Herman (September 2009). "Dampace: Design of an Exoskeleton for Force-Coordination Training in Upper-Extremity Rehabilitation". Journal of Medical Devices. 3 (3). doi:10.1115/1.3191727.
Ha, Kevin H.; Murray, Spencer A.; Goldfarb, Michael (April 2016). "An Approach for the Cooperative Control of FES With a Powered Exoskeleton During Level Walking for Persons With Paraplegia". IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 24 (4): 455–466. doi:10.1109/TNSRE.2015.2421052. PMID 25915961.
Benabid, Alim Louis; Costecalde, Thomas; Eliseyev, Andrey; Charvet, Guillaume; Verney, Alexandre; Karakas, Serpil; Foerster, Michael; Lambert, Aurélien; Morinière, Boris; Abroug, Neil; Schaeffer, Marie-Caroline; Moly, Alexandre; Sauter-Starace, Fabien; Ratel, David; Moro, Cecile; Torres-Martinez, Napoleon; Langar, Lilia; Oddoux, Manuela; Polosan, Mircea; Pezzani, Stephane; Auboiroux, Vincent; Aksenova, Tetiana; Mestais, Corinne; Chabardes, Stephan (December 2019). "An exoskeleton controlled by an epidural wireless brain–machine interface in a tetraplegic patient: a proof-of-concept demonstration". The Lancet Neurology. 18 (12): 1112–1122. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30321-7. PMID 31587955.
Kozinc, Žiga; Zelik, Karl E. (2025-01-17). "Exoskeletons: Enhancing the Future of Physical Work". Frontiers for Young Minds. 12. doi:10.3389/frym.2024.1385574.
Crea, Simona; Beckerle, Philipp; Looze, Michiel De; Pauw, Kevin De; Grazi, Lorenzo; Kermavnar, Tjaša; Masood, Jawad; O’Sullivan, Leonard W.; Pacifico, Ilaria; Rodriguez-Guerrero, Carlos; Vitiello, Nicola; Ristić-Durrant, Danijela; Veneman, Jan (January 2021). "Occupational exoskeletons: A roadmap toward large-scale adoption. Methodology and challenges of bringing exoskeletons to workplaces". Wearable Technologies. 2: e11. doi:10.1017/wtc.2021.11. PMC 10936259. PMID 38486625.
Kim, Sunwook; Nussbaum, Maury A.; Smets, Marty (March 2022). "Usability, User Acceptance, and Health Outcomes of Arm-Support Exoskeleton Use in Automotive Assembly: An 18-month Field Study". Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. 64 (3): 202–211. doi:10.1097/JOM.0000000000002438. hdl:10919/112583. PMID 34873132.
Zelik, Karl E.; Nurse, Cameron A.; Schall, Mark C.; Sesek, Richard F.; Marino, Matthew C.; Gallagher, Sean (February 2022). "An ergonomic assessment tool for evaluating the effect of back exoskeletons on injury risk". Applied Ergonomics. 99: 103619. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103619. PMC 9827614. PMID 34740072.
Fournier, Daniel E.; Yung, Marcus; Somasundram, Kumara G.; Du, Bronson B.; Rezvani, Sara; Yazdani, Amin (27 June 2023). "Quality, productivity, and economic implications of exoskeletons for occupational use: A systematic review". PLOS ONE. 18 (6): e0287742. Bibcode:2023PLoSO..1887742F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0287742. PMC 10298758. PMID 37368889.
Ratke, Emma J.; McMaster, Hannah; Vellucci, Chris L.; Larson, Dennis J.; Holmes, Michael W. R.; Beaudette, Shawn M. (2025-03-01). "Ability of a passive back support exoskeleton to mitigate fatigue related adaptations in a complex repetitive lifting task". Journal of Biomechanics. 181: 112553. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2025.112553. PMID 39893933.
Rodzak, K. M.; Slaughter, P. R.; Wolf, D. N.; Ice, C. C.; Fine, S. J.; Zelik, K. E. (January 2024). "Can back exosuits simultaneously increase lifting endurance and reduce musculoskeletal disorder risk?". Wearable Technologies. 5: e17. doi:10.1017/wtc.2024.8. PMC 11729484. PMID 39811480.
Schwerha, Diana J.; McNamara, Nathan; Nussbaum, Maury A.; Kim, Sunwook (March 2021). "Adoption potential of occupational exoskeletons in diverse enterprises engaged in manufacturing tasks". International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 82: 103103. doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2021.103103.
Elprama, Shirley A.; Vanderborght, Bram; Jacobs, An (April 2022). "An industrial exoskeleton user acceptance framework based on a literature review of empirical studies" (PDF). Applied Ergonomics. 100: 103615. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103615. PMID 34847372.
Proud, Jasmine K.; Lai, Daniel T. H.; Mudie, Kurt L.; Carstairs, Greg L.; Billing, Daniel C.; Garofolini, Alessandro; Begg, Rezaul K. (May 2022). "Exoskeleton Application to Military Manual Handling Tasks" (PDF). Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. 64 (3): 527–554. doi:10.1177/0018720820957467. PMID 33203237.
Crowell, Harrison P.; Park, Joon-Hyuk; Haynes, Courtney A.; Neugebauer, Jennifer M.; Boynton, Angela C. (2 October 2019). "Design, Evaluation, and Research Challenges Relevant to Exoskeletons and Exosuits: A 26-Year Perspective From the U.S. Army Research Laboratory". IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors. 7 (3–4): 199–212. doi:10.1080/24725838.2018.1563571.
Mudie, Kurt L.; Boynton, Angela C.; Karakolis, Thomas; O’Donovan, Meghan P.; Kanagaki, Gregory B.; Crowell, Harrison P.; Begg, Rezaul K.; LaFiandra, Michael E.; Billing, Daniel C. (November 2018). "Consensus paper on testing and evaluation of military exoskeletons for the dismounted combatant". Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 21 (11): 1154–1161. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2018.05.016. PMID 30318056.
Martin, W. Brandon; Boehler, Alexander; Hollander, Kevin W.; Kinney, Darren; Hitt, Joseph K.; Kudva, Jay; Sugar, Thomas G. (January 2022). "Development and testing of the aerial porter exoskeleton". Wearable Technologies. 3: e1. doi:10.1017/wtc.2021.18. PMC 10936400. PMID 38486913.
Slaughter, P. R.; Rodzak, K. M.; Fine, S. J.; Ice, C. C.; Wolf, D. N.; Zelik, K. E. (January 2023). "Evaluation of U.S. Army Soldiers wearing a back exosuit during a field training exercise". Wearable Technologies. 4: e20. doi:10.1017/wtc.2023.16. PMC 10936316. PMID 38487775.
Witte, Kirby A.; Fiers, Pieter; Sheets-Singer, Alison L.; Collins, Steven H. (25 March 2020). "Improving the energy economy of human running with powered and unpowered ankle exoskeleton assistance". Science Robotics. 5 (40). doi:10.1126/scirobotics.aay9108. PMID 33022600.
Kim, Jinsoo; Lee, Giuk; Heimgartner, Roman; Arumukhom Revi, Dheepak; Karavas, Nikos; Nathanson, Danielle; Galiana, Ignacio; Eckert-Erdheim, Asa; Murphy, Patrick; Perry, David; Menard, Nicolas; Choe, Dabin Kim; Malcolm, Philippe; Walsh, Conor J. (16 August 2019). "Reducing the metabolic rate of walking and running with a versatile, portable exosuit". Science. 365 (6454): 668–672. Bibcode:2019Sci...365..668K. doi:10.1126/science.aav7536. PMID 31416958.
Mejía Gallón, Valentina; Sánchez Cabarcas, Mateo; Parra, Javier; Pabon, Jésus; Bonnet, Xavier (2025). "Comparative Analysis of Lower limb sEMG and Kinematics in Skiing Simulator with Exoskeleton Knee Support: Case study". Multidisciplinary Biomechanics Journal. 49th congress of the... doi:10.46298/mbj.14561.
Lakmazaheri, Ava; Song, Seungmoon; Vuong, Brian B.; Biskner, Blake; Kado, Deborah M.; Collins, Steven H. (2 January 2024). "Optimizing exoskeleton assistance to improve walking speed and energy economy for older adults". Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. 21 (1): 1. doi:10.1186/s12984-023-01287-5. PMC 10763092. PMID 38167151.
Bryan, Gwendolyn M; Franks, Patrick W; Klein, Stefan C; Peuchen, Robert J; Collins, Steven H (April 2021). "A hip–knee–ankle exoskeleton emulator for studying gait assistance". The International Journal of Robotics Research. 40 (4–5): 722–746. doi:10.1177/0278364920961452.
Witte, Kirby Ann; Collins, Steven H. (2020). "Design of Lower-Limb Exoskeletons and Emulator Systems". Wearable Robotics. pp. 251–274. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-814659-0.00013-8. ISBN 978-0-12-814659-0.
Al-Tashi, Mohammed; Lennartson, Bengt; Ortiz-Catalan, Max; Just, Fabian (2024-05-01). "Classroom-ready open-source educational exoskeleton for biomedical and control engineering". At - Automatisierungstechnik. 72 (5): 460–475. doi:10.1515/auto-2023-0208.
Böcker, Jonas; Zange, Jochen; Siedel, Torsten; Fau, Guillaume; Langner, Sebastian; Krueger, Thomas; Rittweger, Jörn (2025). "ATHLETIC: An exoskeleton countermeasure exercise device for resistive and plyometric training in deep-space missions". Experimental Physiology. n/a (n/a). doi:10.1113/EP092263. PMID 40112219.
de la Tejera, Javier A.; Bustamante-Bello, Rogelio; Ramirez-Mendoza, Ricardo A.; Izquierdo-Reyes, Javier (24 December 2020). "Systematic Review of Exoskeletons towards a General Categorization Model Proposal". Applied Sciences. 11 (1): 76. doi:10.3390/app11010076. hdl:1721.1/131309. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Al-Khiami, M I; Lindhard, S M; Wandahl, S (August 2024). "Charting the Exoskeleton Industry: A Comprehensive Insight into Dynamics and Trends". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 1389 (1): 012014. Bibcode:2024E&ES.1389a2014A. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1389/1/012014.
Chiaradia, Domenico; Xiloyannis, Michele; Solazzi, Massimiliano; Masia, Lorenzo; Frisoli, Antonio (2020). "Rigid Versus Soft Exoskeletons: Interaction Strategies for Upper Limb Assistive Technology". Wearable Robotics. pp. 67–90. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-814659-0.00004-7. ISBN 978-0-12-814659-0.
Raghuraman, Rahul Narasimhan; Barbieri, Dechristian França; Aviles, Jessica; Srinivasan, Divya (November 2024). "Age and gender differences in the perception and use of soft vs. rigid exoskeletons for manual material handling". Ergonomics. 67 (11): 1453–1470. doi:10.1080/00140139.2024.2338268. PMID 38613461.
Schwartz, Mathilde; Theurel, Jean; Desbrosses, Kévin (2021-07-29). "Effectiveness of Soft versus Rigid Back-Support Exoskeletons during a Lifting Task". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18 (15): 8062. doi:10.3390/ijerph18158062. PMC 8345799. PMID 34360352.
Bermejo-García, Javier; Romero-Sánchez, Francisco; Agujetas, Rafael; Sánchez, Francisco Javier Alonso (August 2024). "Exoskeletons vs. exosuits: A comparative analysis using biological-based computer simulation". Computers in Biology and Medicine. 178: 108752. doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108752. PMID 38889630.
Asbeck, Alan T.; De Rossi, Stefano M.M.; Holt, Kenneth G.; Walsh, Conor J. (May 2015). "A biologically inspired soft exosuit for walking assistance". The International Journal of Robotics Research. 34 (6): 744–762. doi:10.1177/0278364914562476.
Lamers, Erik P.; Yang, Aaron J.; Zelik, Karl E. (August 2018). "Feasibility of a Biomechanically-Assistive Garment to Reduce Low Back Loading During Leaning and Lifting". IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering. 65 (8): 1674–1680. doi:10.1109/TBME.2017.2761455. PMC 8820216. PMID 28991732.
Vallée, Alexandre (2024-03-05). "Exoskeleton technology in nursing practice: assessing effectiveness, usability, and impact on nurses' quality of work life, a narrative review". BMC Nursing. 23 (1): 156. doi:10.1186/s12912-024-01821-3. PMC 10913291. PMID 38443892.
Achilli, Gabriele Maria; Amici, Cinzia; Dragusanu, Mihai; Gobbo, Massimiliano; Logozzo, Silvia; Malvezzi, Monica; Tiboni, Monica; Valigi, Maria Cristina (2023). "Soft, Rigid, and Hybrid Robotic Exoskeletons for Hand Rehabilitation: Roadmap with Impairment-Oriented Rationale for Devices Design and Selection". Applied Sciences. 13 (20): 11287. doi:10.3390/app132011287. hdl:11379/590390.
Moya-Esteban, Alejandro; Refai, Mohamed Irfan; Sridar, Saivimal; Kooij, Herman van der; Sartori, Massimo (January 2025). "Soft back exosuit controlled by neuro-mechanical modeling provides adaptive assistance while lifting unknown loads and reduces lumbosacral compression forces". Wearable Technologies. 6: e9. doi:10.1017/wtc.2025.3. PMC 11894419. PMID 40071245.
Moriarty, Brian; Jacob, Thomas; Sadlowski, Max; Fowler, Michael; Rowan, Colten; Chavarria, Joseph; Avramis, Ioannis; Rizkalla, James (July 2025). "The use of exoskeleton robotic training on lower extremity function in spinal cord injuries: A systematic review". Journal of Orthopaedics. 65: 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.jor.2024.10.036. PMC 11656084. PMID 39713557.
Martin, W. Brandon; Boehler, Alexander; Hollander, Kevin W.; Kinney, Darren; Hitt, Joseph K.; Kudva, Jay; Sugar, Thomas G. (January 2022). "Development and testing of the aerial porter exoskeleton". Wearable Technologies. 3: e1. doi:10.1017/wtc.2021.18. PMC 10936400. PMID 38486913.
Carvalho, Simão P.; Figueiredo, Joana; Cerqueira, João J.; Santos, Cristina P. (May 2025). "Locomotion mode prediction in real-life walking with and without ankle–foot exoskeleton assistance". Applied Intelligence. 55 (7). doi:10.1007/s10489-025-06416-2.
Chung, Jinwon; Quirk, D. Adam; Applegate, Megan; Rouleau, Michael; Degenhardt, Nathalie; Galiana, Ignacio; Dalton, Diane; Awad, Louis N.; Walsh, Conor J. (23 February 2024). "Lightweight active back exosuit reduces muscular effort during an hour-long order picking task". Communications Engineering. 3 (1): 35. doi:10.1038/s44172-024-00180-w. PMC 10955849.
Wang, Jinlu; Wu, Qingcong; Zou, Yiqi; Zhu, Yanghui; Wang, Hongtao; Wu, Hongtao (February 2025). "Design and Experimental Verification of a Quasi-Passive Variable Stiffness Ankle Exoskeleton for Human Walking Assistance". IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. 10 (2): 1856–1863. doi:10.1109/LRA.2025.3526450.
Missiroli, Francesco; Lotti, Nicola; Tricomi, Enrica; Bokranz, Casimir; Alicea, Ryan; Xiloyannis, Michele; Krzywinski, Jens; Crea, Simona; Vitiello, Nicola; Masia, Lorenzo (April 2022). "Rigid, Soft, Passive, and Active: A Hybrid Occupational Exoskeleton for Bimanual Multijoint Assistance". IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. 7 (2): 2557–2564. doi:10.1109/LRA.2022.3142447.
Sawicki, Gregory S.; Beck, Owen N.; Kang, Inseung; Young, Aaron J. (2020-02-19). "The exoskeleton expansion: improving walking and running economy". Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. 17 (1): 25. doi:10.1186/s12984-020-00663-9. PMC 7029455. PMID 32075669.
Calafiore, Dario; Negrini, Francesco; Tottoli, Nicola; Ferraro, Francesco; Ozyemisci-Taskiran, Ozden; de Sire, Alessandro (February 2022). "Efficacy of robotic exoskeleton for gait rehabilitation in patients with subacute stroke : a systematic review". European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 58 (1): 1–8. doi:10.23736/S1973-9087.21.06846-5. PMC 9980569. PMID 34247470.
Shi, Di; Zhang, Wuxiang; Zhang, Wei; Ding, Xilun (2019-08-30). "A Review on Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton Robots". Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 32 (1): 74. Bibcode:2019ChJME..32...74S. doi:10.1186/s10033-019-0389-8.
Tian, Dingkui; Li, Wentao; Li, Jinke; Li, Feng; Chen, Ziqiang; He, Yong; Sun, Jianquan; Wu, Xinyu (2024). "Self-Balancing Exoskeleton Robots Designed to Facilitate Multiple Rehabilitation Training Movements". IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 32: 293–303. doi:10.1109/TNSRE.2023.3348985. PMID 38163311.
Tiboni, Monica; Borboni, Alberto; Vérité, Fabien; Bregoli, Chiara; Amici, Cinzia (2022-01-24). "Sensors and Actuation Technologies in Exoskeletons: A Review". Sensors (Basel, Switzerland). 22 (3): 884. Bibcode:2022Senso..22..884T. doi:10.3390/s22030884. PMC 8839165. PMID 35161629.
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Pinelli, Erika; Zinno, Raffaele; Barone, Giuseppe; Bragonzoni, Laura (17 August 2024). "Barriers and facilitators to exoskeleton use in persons with spinal cord injury: a systematic review". Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology. 19 (6): 2355–2363. doi:10.1080/17483107.2023.2287153. hdl:11585/950825. PMID 38009458.
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Yandell, Matthew B.; Ziemnicki, David M.; McDonald, Kirsty A.; Zelik, Karl E. (2020-02-12). "Characterizing the comfort limits of forces applied to the shoulders, thigh and shank to inform exosuit design". PLOS ONE. 15 (2): e0228536. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228536. PMC 7015417. PMID 32049971.
Chen, Longbao; Zhou, Ding; Leng, Yuquan (2024). "A Systematic Review on Rigid Exoskeleton Robot Design for Wearing Comfort: Joint Self-Alignment, Attachment Interface, and Structure Customization". IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 32: 3815–3827. doi:10.1109/TNSRE.2024.3479283. PMID 39401109.
Vallée, Alexandre (2024-03-05). "Exoskeleton technology in nursing practice: assessing effectiveness, usability, and impact on nurses' quality of work life, a narrative review". BMC Nursing. 23 (1): 156. doi:10.1186/s12912-024-01821-3. PMC 10913291. PMID 38443892.
Rykaczewski, Konrad (2023). "Thermophysiological aspects of wearable robotics: Challenges and opportunities". Temperature (Austin, Tex.). 10 (3): 313–325. doi:10.1080/23328940.2022.2113725. PMC 10405755. PMID 37554385.
Joshi, Ankit; Bartels, Lyle; Viswanathan, Shri H.; Martinez, Daniel M.; Sadeghi, Kambiz; Jaiswal, Ankush K.; Collins, Daniel; Rykaczewski, Konrad (November 2023). "Evaluation of thermal properties and thermoregulatory impacts of lower back exosuit using thermal manikin". International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 98: 103517. doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2023.103517.
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