Prehistoric North Africa (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Prehistoric North Africa" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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15doi.org

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9semanticscholar.org

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8worldcat.org

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7books.google.com

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6harvard.edu

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5web.archive.org

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5nih.gov

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2sciencedaily.com

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2ceon.pl

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2academia.edu

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1handle.net

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1uea.ac.uk

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1researchgate.net

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1ucdavis.edu

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1nytimes.com

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1science.org

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academia.edu

Gatto, Maria C. "The Nubian Pastoral Culture as Link between Egypt and Africa: A View from the Archaeological Record".
Soukopova, Jitka (2017). "Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules". Journal of Arid Environments. 143: 10. Bibcode:2017JArEn.143...10S. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011.

archives-ouvertes.fr

hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

Priehodová, Edita; et al. "Sahelian pastoralism from the perspective of variants associated with lactase persistence" (PDF). American Journal of Physical Anthropology.

books.google.com

Guinness World Records (2015). "Mine craft". Guinness World Records 2016. Macmillan. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-910561-06-5.
Kipfer, Barbara Ann (2000-04-30). Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 93. ISBN 9780306461583.
Whitehouse, Ruth D. (24 February 2016). Macmillan Dictionary of Archaeology – Google Książki. Macmillan Education UK. ISBN 9781349075898.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Soukopova, Jitka (16 January 2013). Round Heads: The Earliest Rock Paintings in the Sahara. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 19–24. ISBN 978-1-4438-4579-3.
Ehret, Christopher (20 June 2023). Ancient Africa: A Global History, to 300 CE. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 83–85, 97. ISBN 978-0-691-24409-9.
Barbatti, Bruno (2008). Berber Carpets of Morocco: The Symbols Origin and Meaning. www.acr-edition.com. ISBN 978-2-86770-184-9.
Davies, O. (2014-10-30). West Africa Before the Europeans: Archaeology & Prehistory. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-60532-4.

ceon.pl

depot.ceon.pl

Osypińska, Marta (2021). "Animals in the history of the Middle Nile" (PDF). From Faras to Soba: 60 years of Sudanese–Polish cooperation in saving the heritage of Sudan. Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology/University of Warsaw. p. 460. ISBN 9788395336256. OCLC 1374884636.
Osypińska, Marta; Osypiński, Piotr (2021). "Exploring the oldest huts and the first cattle keepers in Africa" (PDF). From Faras to Soba: 60 years of Sudanese–Polish cooperation in saving the heritage of Sudan. Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology/University of Warsaw. pp. 187–188. ISBN 9788395336256. OCLC 1374884636.

degruyter.com

Melka, Tomi S. (November 7, 2014). "The ancient Libyco-Berber inscriptions of Canary Islands – Part 1". Glottotheory International Journal of Theoretical Linguistics. 5 (2). doi:10.1515/glot-2014-0015. ISSN 2196-6907. S2CID 131665275.

doi.org

Callaway, Ewen (7 June 2017). "Oldest Homo sapiens fossil claim rewrites our species' history". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2017.22114.
White, Kevin; Mattingly, David J. (2006). "Ancient Lakes of the Sahara". American Scientist. 94 (1): 58–65. doi:10.1511/2006.57.983.
Kröpelin, S.; Verschuren, D.; Lezine, A.- M.; Eggermont, H.; Cocquyt, C.; Francus, P.; Cazet, J.- P.; Fagot, M.; Rumes, B.; Russell, J. M.; Darius, F.; Conley, D. J.; Schuster, M.; von Suchodoletz, H.; Engstrom, D. R. (9 May 2008). "Climate-Driven Ecosystem Succession in the Sahara: The Past 6000 Years" (PDF). Science. 320 (5877): 765–768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..765K. doi:10.1126/science.1154913. PMID 18467583. S2CID 9045667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2019.
Sahnouni, Mohamed; de Heinzelin, Jean (November 1998). "The Site of Ain Hanech Revisited: New Investigations at this Lower Pleistocene Site in Northern Algeria" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Science. 25 (11): 1083–1101. doi:10.1006/jasc.1998.0278. S2CID 129518072. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-07-13.
Barich, Barbara (December 2008). "Africa, north: Sahara, West and Central". Encyclopedia of Archaeology. Academic Press. p. 63. doi:10.1016/B978-012373962-9.00320-4. ISBN 9780123739629. S2CID 128002774.
Niang, Khady; et al. (December 2020). "The Middle Stone Age occupations of Tiémassas, coastal West Africa, between 62 and 25 thousand years ago". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 34B: 102658. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102658. ISSN 2352-409X. OCLC 8709222767. S2CID 228826414.
Osypiński, Piotr; Osypińska, Marta; Gautier, Achilles (2011). "Affad 23, a Late Middle Palaeolithic Site With Refitted Lithics and Animal Remains in the Southern Dongola Reach, Sudan". Journal of African Archaeology. 9 (2): 177–188. doi:10.3213/2191-5784-10186. ISSN 1612-1651. JSTOR 43135549. OCLC 7787802958. S2CID 161078189.
Hogue, J.T.; Barton, R.N.E. (2016-08-22). "New radiocarbon dates for the earliest Later Stone Age microlithic technology in Northwest Africa". Quaternary International. 413: 62–75. Bibcode:2016QuInt.413...62H. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.11.144. ISSN 1040-6182.
Soukopova, Jitka (2017). "Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules". Journal of Arid Environments. 143: 10. Bibcode:2017JArEn.143...10S. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011.
Melka, Tomi S. (November 7, 2014). "The ancient Libyco-Berber inscriptions of Canary Islands – Part 1". Glottotheory International Journal of Theoretical Linguistics. 5 (2). doi:10.1515/glot-2014-0015. ISSN 2196-6907. S2CID 131665275.
Sereno, Paul C.; Garcea, Elena A. A.; Jousse, Hélène; Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Saliège, Jean-François; Maga, Abdoulaye; Ide, Oumarou A.; Knudson, Kelly J.; Mercuri, Anna Maria; Stafford, Thomas W.; Kaye, Thomas G.; Giraudi, Carlo; N'siala, Isabella Massamba; Cocca, Enzo; Moots, Hannah M.; Dutheil, Didier B.; Stivers, Jeffrey P. (14 August 2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.*"Stone Age Graveyard Reveals Lifestyles Of A 'Green Sahara'" (Press release). August 15, 2008.
Wengrow, David; Dee, Michael; Foster, Sarah; Stevenson, Alice; Ramsey, Christopher Bronk (March 2014). "Cultural convergence in the Neolithic of the Nile Valley: a prehistoric perspective on Egypt's place in Africa". Antiquity. 88 (339): 95–111. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00050249. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 49229774.
Wright, David K.; Forman, Steven L.; Kiura, Purity; Bloszies, Christopher; Beyin, Amanuel (27 June 2015). "Lakeside View: Sociocultural Responses to Changing Water Levels of Lake Turkana, Kenya". African Archaeological Review. 32 (2): 335–367. doi:10.1007/s10437-015-9185-8.
Fregel, Rosa; et al. (June 26, 2018). "Ancient genomes from North Africa evidence prehistoric migrations to the Maghreb from both the Levant and Europe". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (26). National Academy of Sciences: 6774–6779. doi:10.1073/pnas.1800851115. PMC 6042094. PMID 29895688.
Comelli, Daniela; d'Orazio, Massimo; Folco, Luigi; El-Halwagy, Mahmud; et al. (2016). "The meteoritic origin of Tutankhamun's iron dagger blade". Meteoritics & Planetary Science. 51 (7): 1301. Bibcode:2016M&PS...51.1301C. doi:10.1111/maps.12664.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Berger, André (1976). "Obliquity and precession for the last 5000000 years". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 51 (1): 127–135. Bibcode:1976A&A....51..127B. hdl:2078.1/66678.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Berger, André (1976). "Obliquity and precession for the last 5000000 years". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 51 (1): 127–135. Bibcode:1976A&A....51..127B. hdl:2078.1/66678.
Kröpelin, S.; Verschuren, D.; Lezine, A.- M.; Eggermont, H.; Cocquyt, C.; Francus, P.; Cazet, J.- P.; Fagot, M.; Rumes, B.; Russell, J. M.; Darius, F.; Conley, D. J.; Schuster, M.; von Suchodoletz, H.; Engstrom, D. R. (9 May 2008). "Climate-Driven Ecosystem Succession in the Sahara: The Past 6000 Years" (PDF). Science. 320 (5877): 765–768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..765K. doi:10.1126/science.1154913. PMID 18467583. S2CID 9045667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2019.
Hogue, J.T.; Barton, R.N.E. (2016-08-22). "New radiocarbon dates for the earliest Later Stone Age microlithic technology in Northwest Africa". Quaternary International. 413: 62–75. Bibcode:2016QuInt.413...62H. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.11.144. ISSN 1040-6182.
Soukopova, Jitka (2017). "Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules". Journal of Arid Environments. 143: 10. Bibcode:2017JArEn.143...10S. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011.
Sereno, Paul C.; Garcea, Elena A. A.; Jousse, Hélène; Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Saliège, Jean-François; Maga, Abdoulaye; Ide, Oumarou A.; Knudson, Kelly J.; Mercuri, Anna Maria; Stafford, Thomas W.; Kaye, Thomas G.; Giraudi, Carlo; N'siala, Isabella Massamba; Cocca, Enzo; Moots, Hannah M.; Dutheil, Didier B.; Stivers, Jeffrey P. (14 August 2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.*"Stone Age Graveyard Reveals Lifestyles Of A 'Green Sahara'" (Press release). August 15, 2008.
Comelli, Daniela; d'Orazio, Massimo; Folco, Luigi; El-Halwagy, Mahmud; et al. (2016). "The meteoritic origin of Tutankhamun's iron dagger blade". Meteoritics & Planetary Science. 51 (7): 1301. Bibcode:2016M&PS...51.1301C. doi:10.1111/maps.12664.

jstor.org

Osypiński, Piotr; Osypińska, Marta; Gautier, Achilles (2011). "Affad 23, a Late Middle Palaeolithic Site With Refitted Lithics and Animal Remains in the Southern Dongola Reach, Sudan". Journal of African Archaeology. 9 (2): 177–188. doi:10.3213/2191-5784-10186. ISSN 1612-1651. JSTOR 43135549. OCLC 7787802958. S2CID 161078189.

nationalgeographic.com

Gwin, Peter (1 September 2011). "Lost Lords of the Sahara". National Geographic. Archived from the original on July 13, 2020.

ncn.gov.pl

projekty.ncn.gov.pl

Osypiński, Piotr (2020). "Unearthing Pan-African crossroad? Significance of the middle Nile valley in prehistory" (PDF). National Science Centre.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kröpelin, S.; Verschuren, D.; Lezine, A.- M.; Eggermont, H.; Cocquyt, C.; Francus, P.; Cazet, J.- P.; Fagot, M.; Rumes, B.; Russell, J. M.; Darius, F.; Conley, D. J.; Schuster, M.; von Suchodoletz, H.; Engstrom, D. R. (9 May 2008). "Climate-Driven Ecosystem Succession in the Sahara: The Past 6000 Years" (PDF). Science. 320 (5877): 765–768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..765K. doi:10.1126/science.1154913. PMID 18467583. S2CID 9045667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2019.
Sereno, Paul C.; Garcea, Elena A. A.; Jousse, Hélène; Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Saliège, Jean-François; Maga, Abdoulaye; Ide, Oumarou A.; Knudson, Kelly J.; Mercuri, Anna Maria; Stafford, Thomas W.; Kaye, Thomas G.; Giraudi, Carlo; N'siala, Isabella Massamba; Cocca, Enzo; Moots, Hannah M.; Dutheil, Didier B.; Stivers, Jeffrey P. (14 August 2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.*"Stone Age Graveyard Reveals Lifestyles Of A 'Green Sahara'" (Press release). August 15, 2008.
Fregel, Rosa; et al. (June 26, 2018). "Ancient genomes from North Africa evidence prehistoric migrations to the Maghreb from both the Levant and Europe". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (26). National Academy of Sciences: 6774–6779. doi:10.1073/pnas.1800851115. PMC 6042094. PMID 29895688.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Sereno, Paul C.; Garcea, Elena A. A.; Jousse, Hélène; Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Saliège, Jean-François; Maga, Abdoulaye; Ide, Oumarou A.; Knudson, Kelly J.; Mercuri, Anna Maria; Stafford, Thomas W.; Kaye, Thomas G.; Giraudi, Carlo; N'siala, Isabella Massamba; Cocca, Enzo; Moots, Hannah M.; Dutheil, Didier B.; Stivers, Jeffrey P. (14 August 2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.*"Stone Age Graveyard Reveals Lifestyles Of A 'Green Sahara'" (Press release). August 15, 2008.
Fregel, Rosa; et al. (June 26, 2018). "Ancient genomes from North Africa evidence prehistoric migrations to the Maghreb from both the Levant and Europe". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (26). National Academy of Sciences: 6774–6779. doi:10.1073/pnas.1800851115. PMC 6042094. PMID 29895688.

nytimes.com

Walsh, Declan (2 June 2016). "King Tut's Dagger Made of 'Iron From the Sky,' Researchers Say". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 June 2016. ...the blade's composition of iron, nickel and cobalt was an approximate match for a meteorite that landed in northern Egypt. The result "strongly suggests an extraterrestrial origin"...

researchgate.net

Barich, Barbara (December 2008). "Africa, north: Sahara, West and Central". Encyclopedia of Archaeology. Academic Press. p. 63. doi:10.1016/B978-012373962-9.00320-4. ISBN 9780123739629. S2CID 128002774.

rockartscandinavia.com

Coulson, David; Campbell, Alec (2010). "Rock Art of the Tassili n Ajjer, Algeria" (PDF). Adoranten: 30.

science.org

Panko, Ben (2 June 2016). "King Tut's dagger made from an ancient meteorite". Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science. Retrieved 5 June 2016.

sciencedaily.com

"Sahara's Abrupt Desertification Started By Changes In Earth's Orbit, Accelerated By Atmospheric And Vegetation Feedbacks". ScienceDaily.
Sereno, Paul C.; Garcea, Elena A. A.; Jousse, Hélène; Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Saliège, Jean-François; Maga, Abdoulaye; Ide, Oumarou A.; Knudson, Kelly J.; Mercuri, Anna Maria; Stafford, Thomas W.; Kaye, Thomas G.; Giraudi, Carlo; N'siala, Isabella Massamba; Cocca, Enzo; Moots, Hannah M.; Dutheil, Didier B.; Stivers, Jeffrey P. (14 August 2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.*"Stone Age Graveyard Reveals Lifestyles Of A 'Green Sahara'" (Press release). August 15, 2008.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Kröpelin, S.; Verschuren, D.; Lezine, A.- M.; Eggermont, H.; Cocquyt, C.; Francus, P.; Cazet, J.- P.; Fagot, M.; Rumes, B.; Russell, J. M.; Darius, F.; Conley, D. J.; Schuster, M.; von Suchodoletz, H.; Engstrom, D. R. (9 May 2008). "Climate-Driven Ecosystem Succession in the Sahara: The Past 6000 Years" (PDF). Science. 320 (5877): 765–768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..765K. doi:10.1126/science.1154913. PMID 18467583. S2CID 9045667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2019.
Sahnouni, Mohamed; de Heinzelin, Jean (November 1998). "The Site of Ain Hanech Revisited: New Investigations at this Lower Pleistocene Site in Northern Algeria" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Science. 25 (11): 1083–1101. doi:10.1006/jasc.1998.0278. S2CID 129518072. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-07-13.
Barich, Barbara (December 2008). "Africa, north: Sahara, West and Central". Encyclopedia of Archaeology. Academic Press. p. 63. doi:10.1016/B978-012373962-9.00320-4. ISBN 9780123739629. S2CID 128002774.
Niang, Khady; et al. (December 2020). "The Middle Stone Age occupations of Tiémassas, coastal West Africa, between 62 and 25 thousand years ago". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 34B: 102658. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102658. ISSN 2352-409X. OCLC 8709222767. S2CID 228826414.
Osypiński, Piotr; Osypińska, Marta; Gautier, Achilles (2011). "Affad 23, a Late Middle Palaeolithic Site With Refitted Lithics and Animal Remains in the Southern Dongola Reach, Sudan". Journal of African Archaeology. 9 (2): 177–188. doi:10.3213/2191-5784-10186. ISSN 1612-1651. JSTOR 43135549. OCLC 7787802958. S2CID 161078189.
Melka, Tomi S. (November 7, 2014). "The ancient Libyco-Berber inscriptions of Canary Islands – Part 1". Glottotheory International Journal of Theoretical Linguistics. 5 (2). doi:10.1515/glot-2014-0015. ISSN 2196-6907. S2CID 131665275.
Wengrow, David; Dee, Michael; Foster, Sarah; Stevenson, Alice; Ramsey, Christopher Bronk (March 2014). "Cultural convergence in the Neolithic of the Nile Valley: a prehistoric perspective on Egypt's place in Africa". Antiquity. 88 (339): 95–111. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00050249. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 49229774.

pdfs.semanticscholar.org

Kröpelin, S.; Verschuren, D.; Lezine, A.- M.; Eggermont, H.; Cocquyt, C.; Francus, P.; Cazet, J.- P.; Fagot, M.; Rumes, B.; Russell, J. M.; Darius, F.; Conley, D. J.; Schuster, M.; von Suchodoletz, H.; Engstrom, D. R. (9 May 2008). "Climate-Driven Ecosystem Succession in the Sahara: The Past 6000 Years" (PDF). Science. 320 (5877): 765–768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..765K. doi:10.1126/science.1154913. PMID 18467583. S2CID 9045667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2019.
Sahnouni, Mohamed; de Heinzelin, Jean (November 1998). "The Site of Ain Hanech Revisited: New Investigations at this Lower Pleistocene Site in Northern Algeria" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Science. 25 (11): 1083–1101. doi:10.1006/jasc.1998.0278. S2CID 129518072. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-07-13.

ucdavis.edu

mygeologypage.ucdavis.edu

Cowen, Richard (April 1999). "Chapter 5: The Age of Iron". UC Davis. Archived from the original on 19 January 2018.

uea.ac.uk

cru.uea.ac.uk

Fezzan Project — Palaeoclimate and environment. Retrieved March 15, 2006. Archived June 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine

web.archive.org

Fezzan Project — Palaeoclimate and environment. Retrieved March 15, 2006. Archived June 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
Kröpelin, S.; Verschuren, D.; Lezine, A.- M.; Eggermont, H.; Cocquyt, C.; Francus, P.; Cazet, J.- P.; Fagot, M.; Rumes, B.; Russell, J. M.; Darius, F.; Conley, D. J.; Schuster, M.; von Suchodoletz, H.; Engstrom, D. R. (9 May 2008). "Climate-Driven Ecosystem Succession in the Sahara: The Past 6000 Years" (PDF). Science. 320 (5877): 765–768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..765K. doi:10.1126/science.1154913. PMID 18467583. S2CID 9045667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2019.
Sahnouni, Mohamed; de Heinzelin, Jean (November 1998). "The Site of Ain Hanech Revisited: New Investigations at this Lower Pleistocene Site in Northern Algeria" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Science. 25 (11): 1083–1101. doi:10.1006/jasc.1998.0278. S2CID 129518072. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-07-13.
Gwin, Peter (1 September 2011). "Lost Lords of the Sahara". National Geographic. Archived from the original on July 13, 2020.
Cowen, Richard (April 1999). "Chapter 5: The Age of Iron". UC Davis. Archived from the original on 19 January 2018.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Niang, Khady; et al. (December 2020). "The Middle Stone Age occupations of Tiémassas, coastal West Africa, between 62 and 25 thousand years ago". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 34B: 102658. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102658. ISSN 2352-409X. OCLC 8709222767. S2CID 228826414.
Osypiński, Piotr; Osypińska, Marta; Gautier, Achilles (2011). "Affad 23, a Late Middle Palaeolithic Site With Refitted Lithics and Animal Remains in the Southern Dongola Reach, Sudan". Journal of African Archaeology. 9 (2): 177–188. doi:10.3213/2191-5784-10186. ISSN 1612-1651. JSTOR 43135549. OCLC 7787802958. S2CID 161078189.
Osypińska, Marta (2021). "Animals in the history of the Middle Nile" (PDF). From Faras to Soba: 60 years of Sudanese–Polish cooperation in saving the heritage of Sudan. Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology/University of Warsaw. p. 460. ISBN 9788395336256. OCLC 1374884636.
Osypińska, Marta; Osypiński, Piotr (2021). "Exploring the oldest huts and the first cattle keepers in Africa" (PDF). From Faras to Soba: 60 years of Sudanese–Polish cooperation in saving the heritage of Sudan. Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology/University of Warsaw. pp. 187–188. ISBN 9788395336256. OCLC 1374884636.
Hogue, J.T.; Barton, R.N.E. (2016-08-22). "New radiocarbon dates for the earliest Later Stone Age microlithic technology in Northwest Africa". Quaternary International. 413: 62–75. Bibcode:2016QuInt.413...62H. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.11.144. ISSN 1040-6182.
Melka, Tomi S. (November 7, 2014). "The ancient Libyco-Berber inscriptions of Canary Islands – Part 1". Glottotheory International Journal of Theoretical Linguistics. 5 (2). doi:10.1515/glot-2014-0015. ISSN 2196-6907. S2CID 131665275.
Arkell, A. J (1949). Early Khartoum: an account of the excavation of an early occupation site. Oxford University Press. OCLC 600772099.^{[page needed]}
Wengrow, David; Dee, Michael; Foster, Sarah; Stevenson, Alice; Ramsey, Christopher Bronk (March 2014). "Cultural convergence in the Neolithic of the Nile Valley: a prehistoric perspective on Egypt's place in Africa". Antiquity. 88 (339): 95–111. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00050249. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 49229774.