Prehistoric warfare (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Prehistoric warfare" in English language version.

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11doi.org

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abc.net.au

"Papua New Guinea massacre of women and children highlights poor policing, gun influx". ABC News. 11 July 2019.

academia.edu

Haas, Jonathan and Matthew Piscitelli (2013) "The Prehistory of Warfare: Misled by Ethnography" In War, Peace, and Human Nature edited by Douglas P. Fry, pp. 168-190. New York: Oxford University Press.

archive.org

Diamond, Jared (2012). The world until yesterday : what can we learn from traditional societies?. New York: Viking. pp. 79–129. ISBN 978-0-670-02481-0.

books.google.com

Guthrie, R. Dale (2005). The Nature of Paleolithic Art. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 422. ISBN 978-0-226-31126-5.
Keith F. Otterbein, How War Began (2004), p. 71f.
Fry (2013), p. 199.
Keith F. Otterbein, How War Began (2004), p. 72.
S.L. Washburn, Social Life of Early Man (1962), p. 207.
Lee (2015), p. 18.
Shennan, Stephen (2018). The First Farmers of Europe: An Evolutionary Perspective. Cambridge World Archaeology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 179–181. doi:10.1017/9781108386029. ISBN 9781108422925.
Martin A. Nettleship, Dale Givens, War, its Causes and Correlates, Walter de Gruyter (1975), p. 300.
Anthony, David W. (2007). The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World. Princeton University Press. pp. 382–385. ISBN 978-1-4008-3110-4.
Schofield, Louise (2006). The Mycenaeans. Los Angeles, CA: J. Paul Getty Museum. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-89236-867-9.
Kagan, Donald; Viggiano, Gregory F. (2013). Men of Bronze: Hoplite Warfare in Ancient Greece. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-4008-4630-6. In fact, most of the essential items of the "hoplite panoply" were known to Mycenaean Greece, including the metallic helmet and the single thrusting spear

britishmuseum.org

blog.britishmuseum.org

Friedman, Renée (14 July 2014). "Violence and climate change in prehistoric Egypt and Sudan". British Museum.

cam.ac.uk

repository.cam.ac.uk

Lahr, M. Mirazón; Rivera, F.; Power, R. K.; Mounier, A.; Copsey, B.; Crivellaro, F.; Edung, J. E.; Fernandez, J. M. Maillo; Kiarie, C. (2016). "Inter-group violence among early Holocene hunter-gatherers of West Turkana, Kenya" (PDF). Nature. 529 (7586): 394–398. Bibcode:2016Natur.529..394L. doi:10.1038/nature16477. PMID 26791728. S2CID 4462435. See also: "Evidence of a prehistoric massacre extends the history of warfare". University of Cambridge. 20 Jan 2016. Retrieved 20 Mar 2017., scientificamerican.com

cam.ac.uk

Lahr, M. Mirazón; Rivera, F.; Power, R. K.; Mounier, A.; Copsey, B.; Crivellaro, F.; Edung, J. E.; Fernandez, J. M. Maillo; Kiarie, C. (2016). "Inter-group violence among early Holocene hunter-gatherers of West Turkana, Kenya" (PDF). Nature. 529 (7586): 394–398. Bibcode:2016Natur.529..394L. doi:10.1038/nature16477. PMID 26791728. S2CID 4462435. See also: "Evidence of a prehistoric massacre extends the history of warfare". University of Cambridge. 20 Jan 2016. Retrieved 20 Mar 2017., scientificamerican.com

cambridge.org

LeBlanc, Steven (March 2020). The Cambridge World History of Violence. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781316341247.

doi.org

Thorpe, I.J.N. (April 2003). "Anthropology, archaeology, and the origin of warfare" (PDF). World Archaeology. 35 (1): 145–165. doi:10.1080/0043824032000079198. S2CID 54030253. JSTOR
Lambert, Patricia M. (September 2002). "The Archaeology of war: A North American perspective" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Research. 10 (3): 207–241. doi:10.1023/A:1016063710831. S2CID 141233752. JSTOR
Kelly, Raymond (October 2005). "The evolution of lethal inter-group violence". PNAS. 102 (43): 24–29. doi:10.1073/pnas.0505955102. PMC 1266108. PMID 16129826. "This period of Paleolithic warlessness, grounded in low population density, an appreciation of the benefits of positive relations with neighbors, and a healthy respect for their defensive capabilities, lasted until the cultural development of segmental forms of organization engendered the origin of war"
Ferguson, R. Brian (July 2000). "The Causes and Origins of "Primitive Warfare": On Evolved Motivations for War". Anthropological Quarterly. 73 (3). George Washington University Institute for Ethnographic Research: 159–164. doi:10.1353/anq.2000.0004. JSTOR 3317940. S2CID 49337870. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
Lahr, M. Mirazón; Rivera, F.; Power, R. K.; Mounier, A.; Copsey, B.; Crivellaro, F.; Edung, J. E.; Fernandez, J. M. Maillo; Kiarie, C. (2016). "Inter-group violence among early Holocene hunter-gatherers of West Turkana, Kenya" (PDF). Nature. 529 (7586): 394–398. Bibcode:2016Natur.529..394L. doi:10.1038/nature16477. PMID 26791728. S2CID 4462435. See also: "Evidence of a prehistoric massacre extends the history of warfare". University of Cambridge. 20 Jan 2016. Retrieved 20 Mar 2017., scientificamerican.com
Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Seidel, Andrew C.; Fulginiti, Laura C.; Johnson, Kent M.; Buikstra, Jane E. (2016). "Contesting the massacre at Nataruk". Nature. 539 (7630): E8 – E10. doi:10.1038/nature19778. PMID 27882979. S2CID 205250945.
Taçon, Paul; Chippindale, Christopher (October 1994). "Australia's Ancient Warriors: Changing Depictions of Fighting in the Rock Art of Arnhem Land, N.T.". Cambridge Archaeological Journal. 4 (2): 211–248. doi:10.1017/S0959774300001086. S2CID 162983574.
Shennan, Stephen (2018). The First Farmers of Europe: An Evolutionary Perspective. Cambridge World Archaeology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 179–181. doi:10.1017/9781108386029. ISBN 9781108422925.
Ahlström, Torbjörn (April 2012). Sticks, Stones, and Broken Bones: Neolithic Violence in a European Perspective. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199573066.003.0002.
Iversen, Rune (December 2016). "Arrowheads as indicators of interpersonal violence and group identity among the Neolithic Pitted Ware hunters of southwestern Scandinavia". Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. 44: 69–86. doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2016.09.004.
Kuznetsov, P.F. (2006-09-01). "The emergence of Bronze Age chariots in eastern Europe". Antiquity. 80 (309): 638–645. doi:10.1017/s0003598x00094096. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 162580424.

ghostarchive.org

Highfield, Roger (2008-06-02). "Neolithic men were prepared to fight for their women". Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2019-11-01.

go.com

abcnews.go.com

"Pursuit of Females Dates Way, Way Back". ABC News. Retrieved 2019-11-01.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Lahr, M. Mirazón; Rivera, F.; Power, R. K.; Mounier, A.; Copsey, B.; Crivellaro, F.; Edung, J. E.; Fernandez, J. M. Maillo; Kiarie, C. (2016). "Inter-group violence among early Holocene hunter-gatherers of West Turkana, Kenya" (PDF). Nature. 529 (7586): 394–398. Bibcode:2016Natur.529..394L. doi:10.1038/nature16477. PMID 26791728. S2CID 4462435. See also: "Evidence of a prehistoric massacre extends the history of warfare". University of Cambridge. 20 Jan 2016. Retrieved 20 Mar 2017., scientificamerican.com

jhu.edu

muse.jhu.edu

Ferguson, R. Brian (July 2000). "The Causes and Origins of "Primitive Warfare": On Evolved Motivations for War". Anthropological Quarterly. 73 (3). George Washington University Institute for Ethnographic Research: 159–164. doi:10.1353/anq.2000.0004. JSTOR 3317940. S2CID 49337870. Retrieved 27 February 2023.

jstor.org

Thorpe, I.J.N. (April 2003). "Anthropology, archaeology, and the origin of warfare" (PDF). World Archaeology. 35 (1): 145–165. doi:10.1080/0043824032000079198. S2CID 54030253. JSTOR
Lambert, Patricia M. (September 2002). "The Archaeology of war: A North American perspective" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Research. 10 (3): 207–241. doi:10.1023/A:1016063710831. S2CID 141233752. JSTOR
Ferguson, R. Brian (July 2000). "The Causes and Origins of "Primitive Warfare": On Evolved Motivations for War". Anthropological Quarterly. 73 (3). George Washington University Institute for Ethnographic Research: 159–164. doi:10.1353/anq.2000.0004. JSTOR 3317940. S2CID 49337870. Retrieved 27 February 2023.

livescience.com

Metcalfe, Tom (3 October 2022). "7,000-year-old mass grave in Slovakia may hold human sacrifice victims". Live Science.

mcgoodwin.net

McGoodwin, Michael. "Drews (Robert) End of Bronze Age Summary". mcgoodwin.net.

nhm.ac.uk

Ashworth, James (31 October 2022). "Neanderthal extinction may have been caused by sex, not fighting". Natural History Museum.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kelly, Raymond (October 2005). "The evolution of lethal inter-group violence". PNAS. 102 (43): 24–29. doi:10.1073/pnas.0505955102. PMC 1266108. PMID 16129826. "This period of Paleolithic warlessness, grounded in low population density, an appreciation of the benefits of positive relations with neighbors, and a healthy respect for their defensive capabilities, lasted until the cultural development of segmental forms of organization engendered the origin of war"
Lahr, M. Mirazón; Rivera, F.; Power, R. K.; Mounier, A.; Copsey, B.; Crivellaro, F.; Edung, J. E.; Fernandez, J. M. Maillo; Kiarie, C. (2016). "Inter-group violence among early Holocene hunter-gatherers of West Turkana, Kenya" (PDF). Nature. 529 (7586): 394–398. Bibcode:2016Natur.529..394L. doi:10.1038/nature16477. PMID 26791728. S2CID 4462435. See also: "Evidence of a prehistoric massacre extends the history of warfare". University of Cambridge. 20 Jan 2016. Retrieved 20 Mar 2017., scientificamerican.com
Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Seidel, Andrew C.; Fulginiti, Laura C.; Johnson, Kent M.; Buikstra, Jane E. (2016). "Contesting the massacre at Nataruk". Nature. 539 (7630): E8 – E10. doi:10.1038/nature19778. PMID 27882979. S2CID 205250945.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kelly, Raymond (October 2005). "The evolution of lethal inter-group violence". PNAS. 102 (43): 24–29. doi:10.1073/pnas.0505955102. PMC 1266108. PMID 16129826. "This period of Paleolithic warlessness, grounded in low population density, an appreciation of the benefits of positive relations with neighbors, and a healthy respect for their defensive capabilities, lasted until the cultural development of segmental forms of organization engendered the origin of war"

oup.com

academic.oup.com

Ahlström, Torbjörn (April 2012). Sticks, Stones, and Broken Bones: Neolithic Violence in a European Perspective. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199573066.003.0002.

perfectirishgifts.com

The Perfect Gift: Prehistoric Massacres. The twin vices of women and cattle in prehistoric Europe Archived 2008-06-11 at the Wayback Machine

phys.org

"Violence was widespread in early farming society, says new study". Phys.org. University of Edinburgh. 19 January 2023.

researchgate.net

Eva Maria Wild et al.: Neolithic Massacres: Local Skirmishes or General Warfare in Europe? In: Radiocarbon. Volume 46, No 1, 2004, S. 377–385, text

reuters.com

"Scientists observe chimpanzees using human-like warfare tactic". Reuters. 3 November 2023.

sci.news

Longrich, Nick (1 December 2019). "Were Neanderthals, Denisovans and Other Archaic Humans Victims of Sixth Mass Extinction?". Sci.News. The Conversation.

science.org

Curry, Andrew (24 March 2016). "Slaughter at the bridge: Uncovering a colossal Bronze Age battle". Science. Retrieved 11 March 2017.

sciencedaily.com

"Men Fighting Over Women? It's Nothing New, Suggests Research". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2019-10-31.

sciencedirect.com

Iversen, Rune (December 2016). "Arrowheads as indicators of interpersonal violence and group identity among the Neolithic Pitted Ware hunters of southwestern Scandinavia". Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. 44: 69–86. doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2016.09.004.

scientificamerican.com

blogs.scientificamerican.com

Lahr, M. Mirazón; Rivera, F.; Power, R. K.; Mounier, A.; Copsey, B.; Crivellaro, F.; Edung, J. E.; Fernandez, J. M. Maillo; Kiarie, C. (2016). "Inter-group violence among early Holocene hunter-gatherers of West Turkana, Kenya" (PDF). Nature. 529 (7586): 394–398. Bibcode:2016Natur.529..394L. doi:10.1038/nature16477. PMID 26791728. S2CID 4462435. See also: "Evidence of a prehistoric massacre extends the history of warfare". University of Cambridge. 20 Jan 2016. Retrieved 20 Mar 2017., scientificamerican.com

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Thorpe, I.J.N. (April 2003). "Anthropology, archaeology, and the origin of warfare" (PDF). World Archaeology. 35 (1): 145–165. doi:10.1080/0043824032000079198. S2CID 54030253. JSTOR
Lambert, Patricia M. (September 2002). "The Archaeology of war: A North American perspective" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Research. 10 (3): 207–241. doi:10.1023/A:1016063710831. S2CID 141233752. JSTOR
Ferguson, R. Brian (July 2000). "The Causes and Origins of "Primitive Warfare": On Evolved Motivations for War". Anthropological Quarterly. 73 (3). George Washington University Institute for Ethnographic Research: 159–164. doi:10.1353/anq.2000.0004. JSTOR 3317940. S2CID 49337870. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
Lahr, M. Mirazón; Rivera, F.; Power, R. K.; Mounier, A.; Copsey, B.; Crivellaro, F.; Edung, J. E.; Fernandez, J. M. Maillo; Kiarie, C. (2016). "Inter-group violence among early Holocene hunter-gatherers of West Turkana, Kenya" (PDF). Nature. 529 (7586): 394–398. Bibcode:2016Natur.529..394L. doi:10.1038/nature16477. PMID 26791728. S2CID 4462435. See also: "Evidence of a prehistoric massacre extends the history of warfare". University of Cambridge. 20 Jan 2016. Retrieved 20 Mar 2017., scientificamerican.com
Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Seidel, Andrew C.; Fulginiti, Laura C.; Johnson, Kent M.; Buikstra, Jane E. (2016). "Contesting the massacre at Nataruk". Nature. 539 (7630): E8 – E10. doi:10.1038/nature19778. PMID 27882979. S2CID 205250945.
Taçon, Paul; Chippindale, Christopher (October 1994). "Australia's Ancient Warriors: Changing Depictions of Fighting in the Rock Art of Arnhem Land, N.T.". Cambridge Archaeological Journal. 4 (2): 211–248. doi:10.1017/S0959774300001086. S2CID 162983574.
Kuznetsov, P.F. (2006-09-01). "The emergence of Bronze Age chariots in eastern Europe". Antiquity. 80 (309): 638–645. doi:10.1017/s0003598x00094096. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 162580424.

telegraph.co.uk

Highfield, Roger (2008-06-02). "Neolithic men were prepared to fight for their women". Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2019-11-01.

theconversation.com

Schulting, Rick (17 August 2015). "Mass grave reveals organised violence among Europe's first farmers". The Conversation.

theguardian.com

Kennedy, Maev (20 January 2016). "Stone-age massacre offers earliest evidence of human warfare". The Guardian.

theverge.com

Duhaime-Ross, Arielle (2016-01-20). "Skeletons from a 10,000-year-old massacre have archaeologists in a fight of their own". The Verge.

uchicago.edu

www-news.uchicago.edu

"Archaeologists Unearth a War Zone 5,500 Years Old"

oi.uchicago.edu

http://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/nn211.pdf , Clemens D. Reichel, Excavations at Hamoukar Syria, in Oriental Institute Fall 2011 News and Notes, no. 211, pp. 1-9, 2011

utexas.edu

Palaima, Tom (1999). "Mycenaean Militarism from a Textual Perspective" (PDF). Polemos: Warfare in the Aegean Bronze Age (Aegaeum). 19: 367–378. Retrieved 14 October 2015..

washington.edu

courses.washington.edu

Thorpe, I.J.N. (April 2003). "Anthropology, archaeology, and the origin of warfare" (PDF). World Archaeology. 35 (1): 145–165. doi:10.1080/0043824032000079198. S2CID 54030253. JSTOR
Lambert, Patricia M. (September 2002). "The Archaeology of war: A North American perspective" (PDF). Journal of Archaeological Research. 10 (3): 207–241. doi:10.1023/A:1016063710831. S2CID 141233752. JSTOR

web.archive.org

The Perfect Gift: Prehistoric Massacres. The twin vices of women and cattle in prehistoric Europe Archived 2008-06-11 at the Wayback Machine

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Highfield, Roger (2008-06-02). "Neolithic men were prepared to fight for their women". Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2019-11-01.
Kuznetsov, P.F. (2006-09-01). "The emergence of Bronze Age chariots in eastern Europe". Antiquity. 80 (309): 638–645. doi:10.1017/s0003598x00094096. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 162580424.