Private Use Areas (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Private Use Areas" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

20web.archive.org

1^st place

14unicode.org

311^th place

239^th place

3microsoft.com

153^rd place

151^st place

3ibm.com

1,131^st place

850^th place

2launchpad.net

low place

2apple.com

67^th place

64^th place

1medium.com

551^st place

406^th place

1eki.ee

6,246^th place

7,526^th place

1loc.gov

70^th place

63^rd place

1tn.nic.in

4,319^th place

2,777^th place

1adobe.com

1,631^st place

1,239^th place

1sil.org

3,245^th place

2,740^th place

1powerline.readthedocs.io

low place

1github.com

383^rd place

320^th place

1borgendale.com

low place

1netapp.com

low place

1r74n.com

low place

1ecma-international.org

6,722^nd place

4,967^th place

1ipsj.or.jp

low place

adobe.com

partners.adobe.com

"Unicode Corporate Use Subarea as used by Adobe Systems". October 22, 1998. Archived from the original on October 9, 2002. Retrieved May 12, 2021.

apple.com

developer.apple.com

"NSOpenStepUnicodeReservedBase - Apple Developer Documentation". Apple Inc. Archived from the original on 2020-11-06. Retrieved 2020-10-16.

opensource.apple.com

"ntfs.util.c". 2008. Archived from the original on 2018-08-07. Retrieved 2018-08-07. Invalid NTFS filename characters are encodeded [sic] using the SFM (Services for Macintosh) private use Unicode characters.

borgendale.com

IBM (1997). unicode.nam: Allow the Unicode characters to be specified using either the IBM or PostScript like names. (Included with Borgendale, Ken, OS/2 Codepage and Keyboard Display Tools)

ecma-international.org

"Standard ECMA-48, Fifth Edition - June 1991" (PDF). §8.2.14 Miscellaneous control functions, §8.3.100, §8.3.101.

eki.ee

"Letter Database". Eki.ee. Archived from the original on 2018-05-21. Retrieved 2013-04-11.

github.com

"lmb-excp.ucm". GitHub. Unicode, Inc. 2000-02-10. Archived from the original on 2022-01-25. Retrieved 2020-04-23.

ibm.com

public.dhe.ibm.com

"CPGID 01445 (chart)" (PDF). REGISTRY: Graphic Character Sets and Code Pages. 2012 [2011]. C-H 3-3220-050. The area shown in the chart above represents only 254 bytes of row FF in plane 0F.
"CPGID 01445: IBM AFP PUA No. 1". REGISTRY: Graphic Character Sets and Code Pages. 2012 [2011]. C-H 3-3220-050. The area shown in the chart above represents only 254 bytes of row FF in plane 0F.

www-01.ibm.com

"CPGID 01449: IBM default PUA". IBM Globalization: Code page identifiers. IBM. Archived from the original on 2015-09-16. IBM has designated 195 positions from U+F83D to U+F8FF for use as IBM Corporate-zone and intends to use them consistently within IBM whenever there is a need to maintain the round-trip integrity of IBM characters.

ipsj.or.jp

itscj.ipsj.or.jp

ISO/TC97/SC2 (1983-10-01). C1 Control Character Set of ISO 6429 (PDF). ITSCJ/IPSJ. ISO-IR-77.

launchpad.net

bugs.launchpad.net

"Comment #8 : Bug #651606 (circle-of-friends) : Bugs : Ubuntu Font Family". Launchpad. 5 October 2010. Archived from the original on 2020-10-17. Retrieved 2020-10-17.
"Comment #2 : Bug #853855 : Bugs : Ubuntu Font Family". Launchpad. 26 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2020-10-17. Retrieved 2020-10-17.

loc.gov

"Character Sets: East Asian Characters: Alternative Unicode Mappings for MARC 21 Characters Assigned to the Private Use Area (PUA): MARC 21 Specifications for Record Structure, Character Sets, and Exchange Media". Library of Congress. 2004-09-02. Archived from the original on 2013-08-19. Retrieved 2013-04-11.

medium.com

ken-lunde.medium.com

Lunde, Ken (4 August 2022). "The GB 18030-2022 Standard". Medium. Retrieved 7 August 2022.

microsoft.com

support.microsoft.com

"SFM Converts Macintosh HFS Filenames to NTFS Unicode". Microsoft Support. February 24, 2014. Archived from the original on May 27, 2016.
"The range of characters between U+F020 and U+F0FF in the Private Use Area of Unicode is mapped to symbol fonts in Richedit 4.1". Microsoft Knowledge Base. Archived from the original on 2012-10-22.

microsoft.com

"WGL4 Unicode Range U+2013 through U+FB02". Microsoft. Archived from the original on 2014-07-17.

netapp.com

docs.netapp.com

"Configure character mapping for SMB file name translation on volumes". 9 December 2021. Retrieved 2022-10-14.

powerline.readthedocs.io

"Installation". Powerline beta documentation. Powerline. Fonts installation. Retrieved 21 April 2025. The used application (e.g. terminal emulator) must also either be configured to use patched fonts (in some cases even support it because custom glyphs live in private use area which some applications reserve for themselves) or support fontconfig for powerline to work properly with powerline-specific glyphs.

r74n.com

c.r74n.com

"Twitter Chirp Font". Copy Paste Dump. Retrieved 2022-02-08.

sil.org

scripts.sil.org

"Handling of PUA Characters in Microsoft Software". SIL International. 2003-04-25. Archived from the original on 2015-05-11. Retrieved 2014-03-04.

tn.nic.in

tunerfc.tn.nic.in

"tunerfc.tn.nic.in". tunerfc.tn.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2010-07-29. Retrieved 2013-04-11.

unicode.org

"Glossary of Unicode Terms: "Private Use Area (PUA)"". Unicode Consortium.
"Unicode Character Encoding Stability Policy". Unicode Consortium. 2021-11-10. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
"Chapter 23 Special Areas and Format Characters" (PDF). The Unicode Standard Version 14.0 - Core Specification. Unicode Consortium. September 2021. Private Use characters. ISBN 978-1-936213-29-0.
"Unicode Character Database". The Unicode Standard. Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
"Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
"3.5: Private Use Area" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 1.0, Volume 1. Unicode Consortium. 1991. pp. 118–119. ISBN 0-201-56788-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2021-10-11.
Unicode 1.0.1 (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Unicode Consortium. 1992-11-03. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-07-02. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
"2.0: Changes in Unicode 1.0" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 1.1. Unicode Consortium. pp. 3–4. UTR #4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-11-20. Retrieved 2021-10-11.
Whistler, Ken (2000). "Necessary changes for ISO/IEC 10646 regarding the PUA". Unicode. UTC/00-015. Archived from the original on 2021-06-23. Retrieved 2021-01-30.
Scherer, Markus; Davis, Mark; Momoi, Kat; Tong, Darick; Kida, Yasuo; Edberg, Peter (27 April 2010). "Emoji Symbols: Background Data" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. L2/10-132. Retrieved 24 April 2025.
Apple Computer, Inc. (2005) [1994]. "CORPCHAR.TXT - Registry (external version) of Apple use of Unicode corporate-zone characters". c03. Unicode Consortium. Archived from the original on 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2020-10-16.
Li, Renzhi (2019-08-23). "Proposal to add additional characters into the Graphics for Legacy Computing block of the UCS" (PDF). Unicode. Retrieved 2023-07-31.
"Chapter 4 Character Properties" (PDF). The Unicode Standard Version 14.0 - Core Specification. Unicode Consortium. September 2021. Table 4-4. ISBN 978-1-936213-29-0.

ftp.unicode.org

"Map (external version) from Mac OS Japanese encoding to Unicode 2.1 and later". Unicode Consortium. Archived from the original on 2021-08-31. Retrieved 2021-10-08.

web.archive.org

"3.5: Private Use Area" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 1.0, Volume 1. Unicode Consortium. 1991. pp. 118–119. ISBN 0-201-56788-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2021-10-11.
Unicode 1.0.1 (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Unicode Consortium. 1992-11-03. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-07-02. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
"2.0: Changes in Unicode 1.0" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 1.1. Unicode Consortium. pp. 3–4. UTR #4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-11-20. Retrieved 2021-10-11.
Whistler, Ken (2000). "Necessary changes for ISO/IEC 10646 regarding the PUA". Unicode. UTC/00-015. Archived from the original on 2021-06-23. Retrieved 2021-01-30.
"Letter Database". Eki.ee. Archived from the original on 2018-05-21. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
"Character Sets: East Asian Characters: Alternative Unicode Mappings for MARC 21 Characters Assigned to the Private Use Area (PUA): MARC 21 Specifications for Record Structure, Character Sets, and Exchange Media". Library of Congress. 2004-09-02. Archived from the original on 2013-08-19. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
"tunerfc.tn.nic.in". tunerfc.tn.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2010-07-29. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
"Unicode Corporate Use Subarea as used by Adobe Systems". October 22, 1998. Archived from the original on October 9, 2002. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
"NSOpenStepUnicodeReservedBase - Apple Developer Documentation". Apple Inc. Archived from the original on 2020-11-06. Retrieved 2020-10-16.
Apple Computer, Inc. (2005) [1994]. "CORPCHAR.TXT - Registry (external version) of Apple use of Unicode corporate-zone characters". c03. Unicode Consortium. Archived from the original on 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2020-10-16.
"WGL4 Unicode Range U+2013 through U+FB02". Microsoft. Archived from the original on 2014-07-17.
"SFM Converts Macintosh HFS Filenames to NTFS Unicode". Microsoft Support. February 24, 2014. Archived from the original on May 27, 2016.
"ntfs.util.c". 2008. Archived from the original on 2018-08-07. Retrieved 2018-08-07. Invalid NTFS filename characters are encodeded [sic] using the SFM (Services for Macintosh) private use Unicode characters.
"The range of characters between U+F020 and U+F0FF in the Private Use Area of Unicode is mapped to symbol fonts in Richedit 4.1". Microsoft Knowledge Base. Archived from the original on 2012-10-22.
"Handling of PUA Characters in Microsoft Software". SIL International. 2003-04-25. Archived from the original on 2015-05-11. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
"Comment #8 : Bug #651606 (circle-of-friends) : Bugs : Ubuntu Font Family". Launchpad. 5 October 2010. Archived from the original on 2020-10-17. Retrieved 2020-10-17.
"Comment #2 : Bug #853855 : Bugs : Ubuntu Font Family". Launchpad. 26 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2020-10-17. Retrieved 2020-10-17.
"lmb-excp.ucm". GitHub. Unicode, Inc. 2000-02-10. Archived from the original on 2022-01-25. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
"CPGID 01449: IBM default PUA". IBM Globalization: Code page identifiers. IBM. Archived from the original on 2015-09-16. IBM has designated 195 positions from U+F83D to U+F8FF for use as IBM Corporate-zone and intends to use them consistently within IBM whenever there is a need to maintain the round-trip integrity of IBM characters.
"Map (external version) from Mac OS Japanese encoding to Unicode 2.1 and later". Unicode Consortium. Archived from the original on 2021-08-31. Retrieved 2021-10-08.