Problem-based learning (English Wikipedia)

Armstrong, Elizabeth G (2008). "A Hybrid Model of Problem-based Learning". In Boud, David; Feletti, Grahame (eds.). The challenge of problem-based learning. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7494-2560-9.
Schmidt, H. G. and Moust, JHC (2000). Problem-based learning : a research perspective on learning interactions. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. pp. 19–51. ISBN 978-0805826456.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

core.ac.uk

Brodie, L. (n.d.). "Problem Based Learning In The Online Environment – Successfully Using Student Diversity and e-Education." https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/11036091.pdf. Retrieved 8 October 2017.

doi.org

Wood, D. F. (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Problem based learning". BMJ. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Schmidt, Henk G; Rotgans, Jerome I; Yew, Elaine HJ (2011). "The process of problem-based learning: What works and why". Medical Education. 45 (8): 792–806. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.04035.x. PMID 21752076. S2CID 34880575.
Hung, Woei (2011). "Theory to reality: A few issues in implementing problem-based learning". Educational Technology Research and Development. 59 (4): 529–552. doi:10.1007/s11423-011-9198-1. S2CID 62666403.
Barrows, Howard S. (1996). "Problem-based learning in medicine and beyond: A brief overview". New Directions for Teaching and Learning. 1996 (68): 3–12. doi:10.1002/tl.37219966804.
Cotič, Mara; Zuljan, Milena Valenčič (2009). "Problem‐based instruction in mathematics and its impact on the cognitive results of the students and on affective‐motivational aspects". Educational Studies. 35 (3): 297–310. doi:10.1080/03055690802648085. S2CID 122671305.
Image by Mikael Häggström, MD, using source images by various authors. Source for useful context in problem-based learning: Mark A Albanese, Laura C Dast (2013-10-22). "Understanding Medical Education - Problem-based learning". Wiley Online Library.
Wood, Diana (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine". British Medical Journal. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Barrett, Terry (2010). "The problem‐based learning process as finding and being in flow". Innovations in Education and Teaching International. 47 (2): 165–174. doi:10.1080/14703291003718901. S2CID 146757519.
Wells, Samantha H; Warelow, Philip J; Jackson, Karen L (2009). "Problem based learning (PBL): A conundrum". Contemporary Nurse. 33 (2): 191–201. doi:10.5172/conu.2009.33.2.191. hdl:1959.17/41430. PMID 19929163. S2CID 27625284.
Antepohl, W; Herzig, S. (1999). "Problem-based learning versus lecture-based learning in a course of basic pharmacology: a controlled, randomized study". Medical Education. 33 (2): 106–113. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00289.x. PMID 10211260. S2CID 25233365.
Spencer, J.A.; Jordan, R.K. (1999). "Learner-centred approach in medical education". British Medical Journal. 318 (7193): 1280–1283. doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7193.1280. PMC 1115656. PMID 10231266.
Norman, G.; Schmidt, H. (1992). "The psychological basis of problem-based learning: A review of the evidence". Academic Medicine. 67 (9): 557–565. doi:10.1097/00001888-199209000-00002. PMID 1520409.
Wood, D. F. (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Problem based learning". BMJ. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Vernon, D.T.; Blake, R. L. (1993). "Does problem-based learning work? A meta-analysis of evaluative research". Academic Medicine. 68 (7): 550–563. doi:10.1097/00001888-199307000-00015. PMID 8323649.
Albanese, MA; Mitchell, S. (1993). "Problem-based learning: a review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues". Acad Med. 68 (1): 52–81. doi:10.1097/00001888-199301000-00012. PMID 8447896.
Gallagher, S. A.; Stepien, W. J.; Rosenthal, H. (1992). "The effects of problem-based learning on problem solving". Gifted Child Quarterly. 36 (4): 195–200. doi:10.1177/001698629203600405. S2CID 146414741.
Vernon, D. T. (1995). "Attitudes and opinions of faculty tutors about problem-based learning". Academic Medicine. 70 (3): 216–223. doi:10.1097/00001888-199503000-00013. PMID 7873010.
Tricia, S.; Moore, R.D.H. (2007). "Implementation of Problem-Based Learning in a Baccalaureate Dental Hygiene Program". Journal of Dental Education. 71 (8): 1058–1069. doi:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2007.71.8.tb04372.x. PMID 17687088.
Vernon, D. T.; Blake, R. L. (1993). "Does problem-based learning work? A meta-analysis of evaluative research". Academic Medicine. 68 (7): 550–563. doi:10.1097/00001888-199307000-00015. PMID 8323649.
Albanese, MA; Mitchell, S. (1993). "Problem-based learning: a review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues". Acad Med. 68 (1): 52–81. doi:10.1097/00001888-199301000-00012. PMID 8447896.
Yamada, Seiji; Maskarinec, Gregory (2004). "Strengthening PBL Through a Discursive Practices Approach to Case-Writing". Education for Health: Change in Learning & Practice. 17 (1): 85–92. doi:10.1080/13576280310001656150. PMID 15203477.
Wood, Diana. (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Problem based learning". British Medical Journal. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Clough, Joanne; Shorter, Gillian W. (2015). "Evaluating the effectiveness of problem-based learning as a method of engaging year one law students" (PDF). The Law Teacher. 49 (3): 277–302. doi:10.1080/03069400.2015.1011926. S2CID 143729873.
McParland, Monica; Noble, Lorraine M.; Livingston, Gill (2004). "The effectiveness of problem-based learning compared to traditional teaching in undergraduate psychiatry". Medical Education. 38 (8): 859–867. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.01818.x. PMID 15271047. S2CID 41365104.
Sweller, John (2006). "The worked example effect and human cognition". Learning and Instruction. 16 (2): 165–169. doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2006.02.005.
Sweller, J (1988). "Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning". Cognitive Science. 12 (2): 257–285. doi:10.1016/0364-0213(88)90023-7.
Sweller, John; Van Merrienboer, Jeroen J. G.; Paas, Fred G. W. C. (1998). "Cognitive Architecture and Instructional Design". Educational Psychology Review. 10 (3): 251–296. doi:10.1023/A:1022193728205. S2CID 127506.
Hmelo-Silver, Cindy E. (2004). "Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn?". Educational Psychology Review. 16 (3): 235–266. doi:10.1023/B:EDPR.0000034022.16470.f3. S2CID 15702585.
Neville, Alan J. (2009). "Problem-Based Learning and Medical Education Forty Years on". Medical Principles and Practice. 18 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1159/000163038. PMID 19060483.
Henry, Holly R.; Tawfik, Andrew A.; Jonassen, David H.; Winholtz, Robert A.; Khanna, Sanjeev (2012). ""I Know This is Supposed to be More Like the Real World, but . . .": Student Perceptions of a PBL Implementation in an Undergraduate Materials Science Course". Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning. 6. doi:10.7771/1541-5015.1312.
Azer, Samy A. (2011). "Introducing a problem-based learning program: 12 tips for success". Medical Teacher. 33 (10): 808–13. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2011.558137. PMID 21942480. S2CID 207430403.
Amin, Zubair; Eng, Khoo Hoon (2009). Basics in Medical Education (2 ed.). WORLD SCIENTIFIC. doi:10.1142/7044. ISBN 978-981-283-538-3.
Schmidt, Henk G.; Loyens, Sofie M. M.; Van Gog, Tamara; Paas, Fred (2007). "Problem-Based LearningisCompatible with Human Cognitive Architecture: Commentary on Kirschner, Sweller, and Clark (2006)". Educational Psychologist. 42 (2): 91–7. doi:10.1080/00461520701263350. S2CID 11864555.
Yew, Elaine H. J.; Schmidt, Henk G. (2011). "What students learn in problem-based learning: A process analysis". Instructional Science. 40 (2): 371–95. doi:10.1007/s11251-011-9181-6. hdl:1765/25513. S2CID 49580575.
Hmelo-Silver, Cindy E.; Barrows, Howard S. (2006). "Goals and Strategies of a Problem-based Learning Facilitator". Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning. 1. doi:10.7771/1541-5015.1004.
Dolmans, Diana H J M; De Grave, Willem; Wolfhagen, Ineke H A P; Van Der Vleuten, Cees P M (2005). "Problem-based learning: Future challenges for educational practice and research". Medical Education. 39 (7): 732–41. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02205.x. PMID 15960794. S2CID 40227753.
Edens, Kellah M. (2000). "Preparing Problem Solvers for the 21st Century through Problem-Based Learning". College Teaching. 48 (2): 55–60. doi:10.1080/87567550009595813. JSTOR 27558988. S2CID 143531903.
Hmelo-Silver, Cindy E.; Duncan, Ravit Golan; Chinn, Clark A. (2007). "Scaffolding and Achievement in Problem-Based and Inquiry Learning: A Response to Kirschner, Sweller, and Clark (2006)". Educational Psychologist. 42 (2): 99–107. doi:10.1080/00461520701263368. S2CID 1360735.
Koh, G. C.-H.; Khoo, H. E.; Wong, M. L.; Koh, D. (2008). "The effects of problem-based learning during medical school on physician competency: A systematic review". Canadian Medical Association Journal. 178 (1): 34–41. doi:10.1503/cmaj.070565. PMC 2151117. PMID 18166729.
Schmidt, PL; Trevejo, RT; Tkalcic, S (2008). "Veterinary public health in a problem-based learning curriculum at the Western University of Health Sciences". Journal of Veterinary Medical Education. 35 (2): 212–8. doi:10.3138/jvme.35.2.212. PMID 18723806.
Funtowicz, Silvio O.; Ravetz, Jerome R. (September 1993). "Science for the post-normal age". Futures. 25 (7): 739–755. doi:10.1016/0016-3287(93)90022-L. S2CID 204321566.
Loyens, Sofie M. M.; Magda, Joshua; Rikers, Remy M. J. P. (2008). "Self-Directed Learning in Problem-Based Learning and its Relationships with Self-Regulated Learning". Educational Psychology Review. 20 (4): 411–427. doi:10.1007/s10648-008-9082-7.
Severiens, Sabine E.; Schmidt, Henk G. (2008). "Academic and social integration and study progress in problem based learning". Higher Education. 58: 59–69. doi:10.1007/s10734-008-9181-x. hdl:1765/14377.
Şendağ, Serkan; Ferhan Odabaşı, H. (2009). "Effects of an online problem based learning course on content knowledge acquisition and critical thinking skills". Computers & Education. 53: 132–141. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.008.
Vardi, Iris; Ciccarelli, Marina (2008). "Overcoming problems in problem‐based learning: A trial of strategies in an undergraduate unit". Innovations in Education and Teaching International. 45 (4): 345–354. doi:10.1080/14703290802377190. S2CID 144172235.
Arain, Shoukat (September 2019). "Learning clinical skills through audiovisual aids embedded in electronic-PBL sessions in undergraduate medical curriculum: perception and performance". Adv Physiol Educ. 43 (3): 378–382. doi:10.1152/advan.00075.2019. PMID 31361148.
Şendağ, Serkan; Ferhan Odabaşı, H. (2009). "Effects of an online problem based learning course on content knowledge acquisition and critical thinking skills". Computers & Education. 53: 132–141. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.008.

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Gasser, Kenneth W. (June 2011). "Five Ideas for 21st Century Math Classrooms". American Secondary Education. 39 (3): 108–16. Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 16 November 2012.

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handle.net

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Wells, Samantha H; Warelow, Philip J; Jackson, Karen L (2009). "Problem based learning (PBL): A conundrum". Contemporary Nurse. 33 (2): 191–201. doi:10.5172/conu.2009.33.2.191. hdl:1959.17/41430. PMID 19929163. S2CID 27625284.
Yew, Elaine H. J.; Schmidt, Henk G. (2011). "What students learn in problem-based learning: A process analysis". Instructional Science. 40 (2): 371–95. doi:10.1007/s11251-011-9181-6. hdl:1765/25513. S2CID 49580575.
Severiens, Sabine E.; Schmidt, Henk G. (2008). "Academic and social integration and study progress in problem based learning". Higher Education. 58: 59–69. doi:10.1007/s10734-008-9181-x. hdl:1765/14377.

ijee.ie

Fruchter, Renate; Lewis, Sarah (2003). "Mentoring and Reverse Mentoring in P5BL" (PDF). International Journal of Engineering Education (IJEE). 19 (5): 663. Retrieved 23 September 2015.

islandpress.org

Farley, Joshua; Erickson, Jon D.; Daly, Herman (2005). Ecological Economics: a Workbook for Problem-Based Learning. Washington, DC: Island Press.^{[page needed]}

jstor.org

Edens, Kellah M. (2000). "Preparing Problem Solvers for the 21st Century through Problem-Based Learning". College Teaching. 48 (2): 55–60. doi:10.1080/87567550009595813. JSTOR 27558988. S2CID 143531903.

maastrichtuniversity.nl

"Problem-Based Learning - Education - Maastricht University". www.maastrichtuniversity.nl. Retrieved 2022-04-14.

medicalnewstoday.com

"Problem-Based Learning Curriculum A Success For Medical School". Medicalnewstoday.com. Retrieved 2012-11-16.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Wood, D. F. (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Problem based learning". BMJ. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Schmidt, Henk G; Rotgans, Jerome I; Yew, Elaine HJ (2011). "The process of problem-based learning: What works and why". Medical Education. 45 (8): 792–806. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.04035.x. PMID 21752076. S2CID 34880575.
Wood, Diana (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine". British Medical Journal. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Wells, Samantha H; Warelow, Philip J; Jackson, Karen L (2009). "Problem based learning (PBL): A conundrum". Contemporary Nurse. 33 (2): 191–201. doi:10.5172/conu.2009.33.2.191. hdl:1959.17/41430. PMID 19929163. S2CID 27625284.
Antepohl, W; Herzig, S. (1999). "Problem-based learning versus lecture-based learning in a course of basic pharmacology: a controlled, randomized study". Medical Education. 33 (2): 106–113. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00289.x. PMID 10211260. S2CID 25233365.
Spencer, J.A.; Jordan, R.K. (1999). "Learner-centred approach in medical education". British Medical Journal. 318 (7193): 1280–1283. doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7193.1280. PMC 1115656. PMID 10231266.
Norman, G.; Schmidt, H. (1992). "The psychological basis of problem-based learning: A review of the evidence". Academic Medicine. 67 (9): 557–565. doi:10.1097/00001888-199209000-00002. PMID 1520409.
Wood, D. F. (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Problem based learning". BMJ. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Vernon, D.T.; Blake, R. L. (1993). "Does problem-based learning work? A meta-analysis of evaluative research". Academic Medicine. 68 (7): 550–563. doi:10.1097/00001888-199307000-00015. PMID 8323649.
Albanese, MA; Mitchell, S. (1993). "Problem-based learning: a review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues". Acad Med. 68 (1): 52–81. doi:10.1097/00001888-199301000-00012. PMID 8447896.
Vernon, D. T. (1995). "Attitudes and opinions of faculty tutors about problem-based learning". Academic Medicine. 70 (3): 216–223. doi:10.1097/00001888-199503000-00013. PMID 7873010.
Tricia, S.; Moore, R.D.H. (2007). "Implementation of Problem-Based Learning in a Baccalaureate Dental Hygiene Program". Journal of Dental Education. 71 (8): 1058–1069. doi:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2007.71.8.tb04372.x. PMID 17687088.
Vernon, D. T.; Blake, R. L. (1993). "Does problem-based learning work? A meta-analysis of evaluative research". Academic Medicine. 68 (7): 550–563. doi:10.1097/00001888-199307000-00015. PMID 8323649.
Albanese, MA; Mitchell, S. (1993). "Problem-based learning: a review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues". Acad Med. 68 (1): 52–81. doi:10.1097/00001888-199301000-00012. PMID 8447896.
Yamada, Seiji; Maskarinec, Gregory (2004). "Strengthening PBL Through a Discursive Practices Approach to Case-Writing". Education for Health: Change in Learning & Practice. 17 (1): 85–92. doi:10.1080/13576280310001656150. PMID 15203477.
Wood, Diana. (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Problem based learning". British Medical Journal. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
McParland, Monica; Noble, Lorraine M.; Livingston, Gill (2004). "The effectiveness of problem-based learning compared to traditional teaching in undergraduate psychiatry". Medical Education. 38 (8): 859–867. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.01818.x. PMID 15271047. S2CID 41365104.
Neville, Alan J. (2009). "Problem-Based Learning and Medical Education Forty Years on". Medical Principles and Practice. 18 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1159/000163038. PMID 19060483.
Azer, Samy A. (2011). "Introducing a problem-based learning program: 12 tips for success". Medical Teacher. 33 (10): 808–13. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2011.558137. PMID 21942480. S2CID 207430403.
Dolmans, Diana H J M; De Grave, Willem; Wolfhagen, Ineke H A P; Van Der Vleuten, Cees P M (2005). "Problem-based learning: Future challenges for educational practice and research". Medical Education. 39 (7): 732–41. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02205.x. PMID 15960794. S2CID 40227753.
Koh, G. C.-H.; Khoo, H. E.; Wong, M. L.; Koh, D. (2008). "The effects of problem-based learning during medical school on physician competency: A systematic review". Canadian Medical Association Journal. 178 (1): 34–41. doi:10.1503/cmaj.070565. PMC 2151117. PMID 18166729.
Schmidt, PL; Trevejo, RT; Tkalcic, S (2008). "Veterinary public health in a problem-based learning curriculum at the Western University of Health Sciences". Journal of Veterinary Medical Education. 35 (2): 212–8. doi:10.3138/jvme.35.2.212. PMID 18723806.
Arain, Shoukat (September 2019). "Learning clinical skills through audiovisual aids embedded in electronic-PBL sessions in undergraduate medical curriculum: perception and performance". Adv Physiol Educ. 43 (3): 378–382. doi:10.1152/advan.00075.2019. PMID 31361148.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Wood, D. F. (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Problem based learning". BMJ. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Wood, Diana (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine". British Medical Journal. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Spencer, J.A.; Jordan, R.K. (1999). "Learner-centred approach in medical education". British Medical Journal. 318 (7193): 1280–1283. doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7193.1280. PMC 1115656. PMID 10231266.
Wood, D. F. (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Problem based learning". BMJ. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Wood, Diana. (2003). "ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Problem based learning". British Medical Journal. 326 (7384): 328–330. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328. PMC 1125189. PMID 12574050.
Koh, G. C.-H.; Khoo, H. E.; Wong, M. L.; Koh, D. (2008). "The effects of problem-based learning during medical school on physician competency: A systematic review". Canadian Medical Association Journal. 178 (1): 34–41. doi:10.1503/cmaj.070565. PMC 2151117. PMID 18166729.

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"NMC Horizon Report 2017 Higher Education Edition" (PDF).

northumbria.ac.uk

nrl.northumbria.ac.uk

Clough, Joanne; Shorter, Gillian W. (2015). "Evaluating the effectiveness of problem-based learning as a method of engaging year one law students" (PDF). The Law Teacher. 49 (3): 277–302. doi:10.1080/03069400.2015.1011926. S2CID 143729873.

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pubhub.dk

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Kolmos, Fink and Krogh (2004). The Aalborg PBL model : progress, diversity and challenges (PDF). Aalborg University Press. ISBN 87-7307-911-1.

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Teoh, B.T.; Preechaporn, W.; Leong, C. K. "Problem-based learning in the 4 Core Areas (PBL4C) in the search of excellence in mathematics instruction". Paper Presented at 5th EARCOME Conference. Retrieved 17 November 2012.

semanticscholar.org

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Schmidt, Henk G; Rotgans, Jerome I; Yew, Elaine HJ (2011). "The process of problem-based learning: What works and why". Medical Education. 45 (8): 792–806. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.04035.x. PMID 21752076. S2CID 34880575.
Hung, Woei (2011). "Theory to reality: A few issues in implementing problem-based learning". Educational Technology Research and Development. 59 (4): 529–552. doi:10.1007/s11423-011-9198-1. S2CID 62666403.
Cotič, Mara; Zuljan, Milena Valenčič (2009). "Problem‐based instruction in mathematics and its impact on the cognitive results of the students and on affective‐motivational aspects". Educational Studies. 35 (3): 297–310. doi:10.1080/03055690802648085. S2CID 122671305.
Barrett, Terry (2010). "The problem‐based learning process as finding and being in flow". Innovations in Education and Teaching International. 47 (2): 165–174. doi:10.1080/14703291003718901. S2CID 146757519.
Wells, Samantha H; Warelow, Philip J; Jackson, Karen L (2009). "Problem based learning (PBL): A conundrum". Contemporary Nurse. 33 (2): 191–201. doi:10.5172/conu.2009.33.2.191. hdl:1959.17/41430. PMID 19929163. S2CID 27625284.
Antepohl, W; Herzig, S. (1999). "Problem-based learning versus lecture-based learning in a course of basic pharmacology: a controlled, randomized study". Medical Education. 33 (2): 106–113. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00289.x. PMID 10211260. S2CID 25233365.
Gallagher, S. A.; Stepien, W. J.; Rosenthal, H. (1992). "The effects of problem-based learning on problem solving". Gifted Child Quarterly. 36 (4): 195–200. doi:10.1177/001698629203600405. S2CID 146414741.
Clough, Joanne; Shorter, Gillian W. (2015). "Evaluating the effectiveness of problem-based learning as a method of engaging year one law students" (PDF). The Law Teacher. 49 (3): 277–302. doi:10.1080/03069400.2015.1011926. S2CID 143729873.
McParland, Monica; Noble, Lorraine M.; Livingston, Gill (2004). "The effectiveness of problem-based learning compared to traditional teaching in undergraduate psychiatry". Medical Education. 38 (8): 859–867. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.01818.x. PMID 15271047. S2CID 41365104.
Sweller, John; Van Merrienboer, Jeroen J. G.; Paas, Fred G. W. C. (1998). "Cognitive Architecture and Instructional Design". Educational Psychology Review. 10 (3): 251–296. doi:10.1023/A:1022193728205. S2CID 127506.
Hmelo-Silver, Cindy E. (2004). "Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn?". Educational Psychology Review. 16 (3): 235–266. doi:10.1023/B:EDPR.0000034022.16470.f3. S2CID 15702585.
Azer, Samy A. (2011). "Introducing a problem-based learning program: 12 tips for success". Medical Teacher. 33 (10): 808–13. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2011.558137. PMID 21942480. S2CID 207430403.
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