Prostitution in China (English Wikipedia)

"Sex Work in China". Asia Monitor Resource Centre. Retrieved 23 April 2009. Archived from the original Archived 15 January 2001 at the Wayback Machine on 15 January 2001.

archive.org

Charles Adolphus Murray Earl of Dunmore (1894). The Pamirs: Being a Narrative of a Year's Expedition on Horseback and on Foot Through Kashmir, Western Tibet, Chinese Tartary, and Russian Central Asia. J. Murray. pp. 328–. When a Chinaman is called back to his own home in China proper, or a Chinese soldier has served his time in Turkestan and has to return to his native city of Pekin and Shanghai, he either leaves his temporary wife behind to shift for herself, or he sells her to a friend. If he has a family he takes the boys with him.

asianews.it

Vu, J.B. (3 November 2010). "Thousands of Vietnamese women and children sold as "sex slaves"". AsiaNews. Ho Chi Minh City.

asiapacificms.com

"The Russian Mafia in Asia - Asia Pacific Media Service". Asiapacificms.com. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

awomansvoice.org

"Intervention Agenda Item 12: Elimination of Violence Against Women (archived copy)" at the United Nations Commission on Human Rights in April 2004; speaker: Ji Sun JEONG for A Woman's Voice International (AWVI, an NGO that focused on the PRC's and DPRK's treatment of North Korean refugees to China and of Christians). Incidentally, exactly one year after her speech, the ECOSOC's Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations, which "is the UN body that adjudicates requests by nongovernmental organizations for accreditation to participate in ECOSOC and its subsidiaries' meetings",[1] suspended AWVI at the instigation of the PRC's delegation. This came after another AWVI speaker activated a Chinese taser gun to illustrate torture by PRC authorities while giving his speech at the UNCHR's 61st plenary session.[2]"United Nations NGO Committee in New York to suspend A Woman´s Voice International". Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 22 February 2009."TESTIMONY OF BOB FU APRIL 19, 2005". Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 22 February 2009.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Duncan Hewitt, BBC News: Teenage prostitution case shocks China

booker.com.cn

"罗瑞卿一夜扫除北平妓女（附图）" [Luo Ruiqing wiped out the Peking prostitute overnight]. Booker. 2000. Archived from the original on 14 May 2002. Retrieved 18 August 2018.

books.google.com

Jeffreys 2004, p. 97. Jeffreys, Elaine (2004), China, Sex and Prostitution, Routledge, ISBN 9780415646567
Jeffreys, Elaine (2012). Prostitution Scandals in China: Policing, Media and Society. Oxon: Routledge. p. 4. ISBN 9780415503426.
Jeffreys 2004, p. 98, note 6. Jeffreys, Elaine (2004), China, Sex and Prostitution, Routledge, ISBN 9780415646567
Jeffreys, Elaine (14 June 2012). Prostitution Scandals in China: Policing, Media and Society. Routledge. pp. 48–52. ISBN 978-1-136-31259-5.
Ditmore 2006, p. 212. Ditmore, Melissa Hope (2006), Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 9780313329685
Rowan 2008, p. 172. Rowan, Roy (2008), Chasing the Dragon: A Veteran Journalist's Firsthand Account of the 1946-9 Chinese Revolution, Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 9781599217017
Kenneth Hugh De Courcy, John De Courcy (1978). Intelligence digest, Volume 1996. Intelligence International Ltd. Retrieved 29 February 2012. Triads in Portugal. Sources in Lisbon say that Chinese triad gangs from the Portuguese colony of Macau are setting up in Portugal ahead of the handover of Macau to China in 1999. Security sources fear that as many as 1000 triad members could settle in Portugal. They are already involved in securing Portuguese citizenship for Macau residents by arranging marriages of convenience with Portuguese prostitutes.
Le Sueur 2003, p. 381. Le Sueur, James D., ed. (2003), The Decolonization Reader, Psychology Press, ISBN 9780415231176
Hitchcock 2009, p. 211. Hitchcock, Michael (2009), Tourism in Southeast Asia: Challenges and New Directions, NIAS Press, ISBN 9788776940348
Andrew & Bushnell 2006, p. 11. Andrew, Elizabeth Wheeler; Bushnell, Katharine Caroline (2006), Heathen Slaves and Christian Rulers, Echo Library, ISBN 9781406804317
Carroll 2013, p. 36. Carroll, John M. (2013), A Concise History of Hong Kong, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, ISBN 9781299762022
Jaschok & Miers 1994, p. 237. Jaschok, Maria; Miers, Suzanne (1994), Women and Chinese Patriarchy: Submission, Servitude and Escape, Zed Books, ISBN 9781856491266
Lethbridge 1978, p. 75. Lethbridge, Henry J. (1978), Hong Kong, stability and change: a collection of essays, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780195804027
Lethbridge 1978, p. 210. Lethbridge, Henry J. (1978), Hong Kong, stability and change: a collection of essays, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780195804027
Cheung 1997, p. 348. Cheung, Fanny M. (1997), EnGendering Hong Kong Society: A Gender Perspective of Women's Status, Chinese University Press, ISBN 9789622017368
Ho 2005, p. 256. Ho, Virgil K. Y. (2005), Understanding Canton: Rethinking Popular Culture in the Republican Period, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780199282715
Ho 2005, p. 249. Ho, Virgil K. Y. (2005), Understanding Canton: Rethinking Popular Culture in the Republican Period, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780199282715
IOAS 1993, p. 110. East Asian History. Vol. 5–6. Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University. 1993.
IOAS 1993, p. 102. East Asian History. Vol. 5–6. Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University. 1993.
Ho 2005, p. 228. Ho, Virgil K. Y. (2005), Understanding Canton: Rethinking Popular Culture in the Republican Period, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780199282715
Hodge 1980, p. 196. Hodge, Peter (1980), Community Problems and Social Work in Southeast Asia: The Hong Kong and Singapore Experience, Hong Kong University Press, ISBN 9789622090224
Ejeas, Volume 1. Brill. 2001. p. 112. Retrieved 5 November 2011. A popular contemporary magazine which followed closely the news in the 'flower business' (huashi) so recorded at least one case of such career advancement that occurred to a Tanka (boat-people) prostitute in Canton.44 To say that all
EJEAS 2001, p. 112. European Journal of East Asian Studies. Vol. 1–2. Brill. 2001.
Hodge 1980, p. 33. Hodge, Peter (1980), Community Problems and Social Work in Southeast Asia: The Hong Kong and Singapore Experience, Hong Kong University Press, ISBN 9789622090224
Andrew & Bushnell 2006, p. 13. Andrew, Elizabeth Wheeler; Bushnell, Katharine Caroline (2006), Heathen Slaves and Christian Rulers, Echo Library, ISBN 9781406804317
Eyre, G.E.; Spottiswoode, W. (March 1882). Correspondence respecting the alleged existence of Chinese slavery in Hong Kong: presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majesty. C (Series) (Great Britain. Parliament). Vol. 3185 (reprint ed.). LONDON: Eyre & Spottiswoode. p. 54. Retrieved 1 November 2011.
Dunnell et al. 2004, p. 103. Dunnell, Ruth W.; Millward, James A.; Elliott, Mark C.; Foret, Philippe (2004), New Qing Imperial History: The Making of Inner Asian Empire at Qing Chengde, Taylor & Francis Group, ISBN 9780415511186
Millward 1998, p. 206. Millward, James (1998), Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864, Stanford University Press, ISBN 9780804729338
Nightingale & Skrine 2013, pp. 124–125. Nightingale, Pamela; Skrine, C. P. (2013), Macartney at Kashgar: New Light on British, Chinese and Russian Activities in Sinkiang, 1890-1918, Routledge, ISBN 9781136576096
Bellér-Hann 2008, pp. 192–. Bellér-Hann, Ildikó (2008), Community Matters in Xinjiang, 1880-1949: Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur, BRILL, ISBN 978-9004166752
Bellér-Hann 2008, pp. 258–. Bellér-Hann, Ildikó (2008), Community Matters in Xinjiang, 1880-1949: Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur, BRILL, ISBN 978-9004166752
Friederich 1994, p. 352. Friederich, Michael (1994), Bamberger Zentralasienstudien, Schwarz, ISBN 9783879972357
Tamm 2011, pp. 310 & 318. Tamm, Eric Enno (2011), The Horse that Leaps Through Clouds: A Tale of Espionage, the Silk Road, and the Rise of Modern China, Counterpoint Press, ISBN 9781582437347
Pohl, Florian (1 September 2010). Muslim World: Modern Muslim Societies. Marshall Cavendish. pp. 52–53. ISBN 9780761479277. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
Bellér-Hann 2008, pp. 266–. Bellér-Hann, Ildikó (2008), Community Matters in Xinjiang, 1880-1949: Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur, BRILL, ISBN 978-9004166752
Kamal 2000, pp. 102–. Kamal, Ahmad (2000), Land Without Laughter, iUniverse, ISBN 9780595010059
Bellér-Hann 2008, pp. 267–. Bellér-Hann, Ildikó (2008), Community Matters in Xinjiang, 1880-1949: Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur, BRILL, ISBN 978-9004166752
Bellér-Hann 2008, pp. 259–. Bellér-Hann, Ildikó (2008), Community Matters in Xinjiang, 1880-1949: Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur, BRILL, ISBN 978-9004166752
Pavel Stepanovich Nazarov; Malcolm Burr (1935). Moved On! From Kashgar to Kashmir. G. Allen & Unwin, Limited. p. 25.
Bellér-Hann 2008, pp. 83–. Bellér-Hann, Ildikó (2008), Community Matters in Xinjiang, 1880-1949: Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur, BRILL, ISBN 978-9004166752
Jeffreys 2004, p. 107, note 6. Jeffreys, Elaine (2004), China, Sex and Prostitution, Routledge, ISBN 9780415646567
Jeffreys 2004, p. 94, note 41. Jeffreys, Elaine (2004), China, Sex and Prostitution, Routledge, ISBN 9780415646567
Jeffreys 2004, p. 128, note 7. Jeffreys, Elaine (2004), China, Sex and Prostitution, Routledge, ISBN 9780415646567

bpsos.org

Nguyen Dinh Thang, PhD; Vu Quoc Dung; Pastor Truong Tri Hien; Nguyen Cao Quyen; Nguyen Quoc Khai; Ngo Thi Hie (May 2008). Vietnam Country Report Background Information and Recommendations (PDF) (Report). Vietnam Study Group. p. 21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 September 2011.

casy.org

Settle, Edmund (29 July 2004). "Legalise prostitution in China" (PDF). South China Morning Post. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 February 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2018.

cbsnews.com

"Pakistani officials claim women trafficked into prostitution in China after marriage". CBS News. 17 July 2019. Retrieved 7 June 2021.

china.org.cn

Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. "Historic Liberation of Chinese Women, The Situation Of Chinese Women. Retrieved on 22 November 2005.

chinadaily.com.cn

Zhang Feng (27 October 2005). "HIV/AIDS battle enters new phase". China Daily. Retrieved 3 December 2005.
"China court hears homosexual prostitution case". China Daily, 8 February 2004. Retrieved 2 December 2005.
"AIDS and the elderly". China Daily. 11 January 2010. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
Zheng Caixiong, HK LegCo candidate arrested for taking prostitutes, China Daily, 18 August 2004. Retrieved 2 December 2005.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

"China tries to stop spread of HIV/AIDS among prostitutes". CNN. 21 June 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2009.

dayoo.com

society.dayoo.com

23岁"妈咪"网上介绍小姐称学生包夜600 (23-year-old "Mummy" introduces ladies on the internet, students for 600 a night). Retrieved 25 November 2005.

doi.org

Gil, V.E.; Wang, M.S.; Anderson, A.F.; Guo, M.L.; Wu, Z.O. (1996). "Plum blossoms and pheasants: prostitutes, prostitution, and social control measures in contemporary China". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 38 (4): 319. doi:10.1177/0306624X9403800405. ISSN 0306-624X. S2CID 146392951.

dougherty.se

Niklas Dougherty (2006). "Prostitution in contemporary China The case of Shanghai Jiading" (PDF). Lund university. p. 16. Retrieved 23 August 2014.

dw.de

"Human traffickers take the route from Africa to Asia | Asia | DW.DE | 07.03.2012". dw.de. Retrieved 1 October 2014.

echinacities.com

Peng Bin (4 August 2016). "Loan Sharks Accept Naked Photos as Collateral". eChinacities.
"Degrading Online Mistress Ads Pimp Out Chinese University Students". eChinacities (originally Xinhua News Agency). 18 May 2011. Retrieved 23 August 2014.

findarticles.com

Peratis, K. and Flores, J.R. Symposium (voluntary prostitution) Archived 30 January 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Insight on the News, 17 July 2000. Retrieved 2 December 2005.

ghostarchive.org

"Oppressed, enslaved and brutalised: The women trafficked from North Korea into China's sex trade". The Telegraph. 20 May 2019. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
"5000 Mongolian prostitutes in China 五千蒙古妓女". YouTube. 31 July 2012. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

gvnet.com

"Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery Socialist Republic of Vietnam". Human Trafficking, Modern-day Slavery, Forced Labor & Debt ... - GVnet.
"Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery - Macau". gvnet.com. Retrieved 1 October 2014.

hrichina.org

Human Rights in China Can dialogue improve China's human rights situation? Report on the implementation of CEDAW in the People's Republic of China Archived 21 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine, 2000. Retrieved 2 December 2005.

huffingtonpost.co.uk

Dale-Harris, Luke (1 July 2013). "The Ultimate Betrayal: Human Trafficking in Vietnam". The Huffington Post.

huffingtonpost.com

Davis, Carlo (27 June 2013). "'Happy Endings' Just Got A Little Happier In China". Huffington Post.
"China rescues 11 Vietnamese from prostitution". AP. BEIJING. 23 June 2012.

humantrafficking.org

"Vietnamese Trafficked into China for Prostitution". humantrafficking.org. 24 December 2005. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.

ippf.org

"The Right to be Free from Torture and Ill Treatment: Charter Right 12". International Planned Parenthood Federation. Archived from the original on 21 November 2008. Retrieved 28 May 2009.

koreatimes.co.kr

Chung, Hyun-chae (18 January 2015). "Korean prostitution gang working in Macau nabbed". The Korea Times. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

macaudailytimes.com.mo

"Major Korean prostitution ring busted in Macau" (PDF). Macau Daily Times. 21 April 2015. p. 3.
"Police bust large Korean prostitution ring". Macau Daily Times. 21 April 2015.

mg.co.za

Staff Reporter (18 October 2007). "SA a human-trafficking hot spot, conference hears".

monstersandcritics.com

news.monstersandcritics.com

"Chinese anti-corruption official sacked for Russian tryst - Asia-Pacific". Monsters and Critics. 12 April 2007. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 18 August 2018.

naver.com

news.naver.com

"中부호 상대 원정 성매매 적발…"日여성 인기에 기모노 차림"" [Middle Code Officer Exploits Prostitution ... "Kimono dressed in a popular female day"] (in Korean). 23 August 2015. Retrieved 18 August 2018.

nii.ac.jp

dsr.nii.ac.jp

Carl Mannerheim (1909). Across Asia from West to East in 1906-08. Vol. 1. National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project. p. 50. Retrieved 25 August 2017.

nytimes.com

Masood, Salman; Win, Amy (27 March 2021). "She Thought She'd Married a Rich Chinese Farmer. She Hadn't". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 June 2021.

ohchr.org

Kirby, Michael Donald; Biserko, Sonja; Darusman, Marzuki (7 February 2014). "Report of the detailed findings of the commission of inquiry on human rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea - A/HRC/25/CRP.1". United Nations Human Rights Council. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014.

people.com.cn

english.people.com.cn

Japanese orgy in Zhuhai hotel sparks Chinese fury, People's Daily, 27 September 2003. Retrieved 2 December 2005.

pokerground.com

Wesker (31 January 2015). "New non-gambling attractions in Macau". PokerGround.com. Archived from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

rednet.com.cn

news.rednet.com.cn

Wang Haibo (3 July 2003). "女大学生卖淫，我不相信是假新闻 (Female university students selling sex, I don't believe it's false news)". Hong wang. Retrieved 24 November 2005. Archived from the original Archived 13 September 2003 at the Wayback Machine on 13 September 2003.

refugees.org

"2008 USCRI RefugeesReportChina". USCRI News. Archived from the original on 11 November 2009.

rokitreports.com

Yang Pa (15 June 2015). "South Korean prostitution ring busted in Macau". ROKIT.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Gil, V.E.; Wang, M.S.; Anderson, A.F.; Guo, M.L.; Wu, Z.O. (1996). "Plum blossoms and pheasants: prostitutes, prostitution, and social control measures in contemporary China". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 38 (4): 319. doi:10.1177/0306624X9403800405. ISSN 0306-624X. S2CID 146392951.

siasat.com

Khan, Sameer (1 January 2021). "Why are Chinese men marrying Pakistani brides". The Siasat Daily.

sina.com

english.sina.com

"Chinese tycoon convicted of running prostitution, gambling ring sentenced to death". Sina.com, 24 January 2005. Retrieved 2 December 2005.

sky.com

news.sky.com

"Smuggling, Sex And Slavery". Sky News. 13 November 2008. Archived from the original on 11 February 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2008.

somuchpoker.com

"Prostitution scandals in Macau". Somuchpoker. 2 February 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

state.gov

"2008 Human Rights Report: China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau)". United States Department of State. 25 February 2009. Archived from the original on 26 February 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2009. Section 5: Discrimination, Societal Abuse, and Trafficking in Persons.
"Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 2017 Trafficking in Persons Report". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"China 2018 Trafficking in Persons Report". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 26 July 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

2009-2017.state.gov

"Intervention Agenda Item 12: Elimination of Violence Against Women (archived copy)" at the United Nations Commission on Human Rights in April 2004; speaker: Ji Sun JEONG for A Woman's Voice International (AWVI, an NGO that focused on the PRC's and DPRK's treatment of North Korean refugees to China and of Christians). Incidentally, exactly one year after her speech, the ECOSOC's Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations, which "is the UN body that adjudicates requests by nongovernmental organizations for accreditation to participate in ECOSOC and its subsidiaries' meetings",[1] suspended AWVI at the instigation of the PRC's delegation. This came after another AWVI speaker activated a Chinese taser gun to illustrate torture by PRC authorities while giving his speech at the UNCHR's 61st plenary session.[2]"United Nations NGO Committee in New York to suspend A Woman´s Voice International". Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 22 February 2009."TESTIMONY OF BOB FU APRIL 19, 2005". Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 22 February 2009.

sundayguardianlive.com

Dobson, John (14 December 2019). "Why Pakistani women are being trafficked to China". Sunday Guardian. Retrieved 7 June 2021.

telegraph.co.uk

"Oppressed, enslaved and brutalised: The women trafficked from North Korea into China's sex trade". The Telegraph. 20 May 2019. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.

blogs.telegraph.co.uk

Collard, Tim (9 December 2009). "The Mongolian prostitutes are back in Beijing – Telegraph Blogs". Blogs.telegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on 12 December 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

thechinawatch.com

The China Watch (27 February 2012). "Blue-eyed sex for sale". the China Watch.

theguardian.com

McCurry, J.; Allison, R. (9 March 2004). "40m bachelors and no women ... the birth of a new problem for China". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 December 2005.

tnet.co.th

cwa.tnet.co.th

CWA Newsletter Archived 30 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine. Child Workers in Asia 13 (2–3), 1997. Retrieved 2 December 2005.

tokyoreporter.com

"Japan's AV actresses rolling the bones in Macau". The Tokyo Reporter. 14 February 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

tuoitrenews.vn

"Inside a "Vietnamese girl market"". Tuoitrenews. 28 January 2013. Archived from the original on 30 January 2013.

upi.com

"North Korea women in China trapped in sex trade". United Press International. 16 May 2019.

uri.edu

Hughes, D., et al. China and Hong Kong: Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution Archived 5 December 2005 at the Wayback Machine. Coalition Against Trafficking in Women. Retrieved 2 December 2005.

usembassy-china.org.cn

Zhong Wei. "A Close Look at China's Sex Industry". Retrieved 30 November 2005. Archived from the original Archived 21 April 2002 at the Wayback Machine on 21 April 2002.

vietnamnews.vn

"Prostitutes lured to China returned home". Viet Nam News. HA NOI. 14 June 2013.

web.archive.org

"Chinese anti-corruption official sacked for Russian tryst - Asia-Pacific". Monsters and Critics. 12 April 2007. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
"2008 Human Rights Report: China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau)". United States Department of State. 25 February 2009. Archived from the original on 26 February 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2009. Section 5: Discrimination, Societal Abuse, and Trafficking in Persons.
"罗瑞卿一夜扫除北平妓女（附图）" [Luo Ruiqing wiped out the Peking prostitute overnight]. Booker. 2000. Archived from the original on 14 May 2002. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
Shidong, Sun (6 July 2005). ":: 新中国取缔妓院前后" [Before and after the ban on brothels in New China]. Xinhua. Archived from the original on 7 January 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
Zhong Wei. "A Close Look at China's Sex Industry". Retrieved 30 November 2005. Archived from the original Archived 21 April 2002 at the Wayback Machine on 21 April 2002.
Wang Haibo (3 July 2003). "女大学生卖淫，我不相信是假新闻 (Female university students selling sex, I don't believe it's false news)". Hong wang. Retrieved 24 November 2005. Archived from the original Archived 13 September 2003 at the Wayback Machine on 13 September 2003.
Hughes, D., et al. China and Hong Kong: Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution Archived 5 December 2005 at the Wayback Machine. Coalition Against Trafficking in Women. Retrieved 2 December 2005.
CWA Newsletter Archived 30 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine. Child Workers in Asia 13 (2–3), 1997. Retrieved 2 December 2005.
Hornblower, Margot (24 June 2001). "The Skin Trade". Time Magazine. Retrieved 19 April 2009.
Wesker (31 January 2015). "New non-gambling attractions in Macau". PokerGround.com. Archived from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
"Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 2017 Trafficking in Persons Report". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"2008 USCRI RefugeesReportChina". USCRI News. Archived from the original on 11 November 2009.
"Smuggling, Sex And Slavery". Sky News. 13 November 2008. Archived from the original on 11 February 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2008.
Kirby, Michael Donald; Biserko, Sonja; Darusman, Marzuki (7 February 2014). "Report of the detailed findings of the commission of inquiry on human rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea - A/HRC/25/CRP.1". United Nations Human Rights Council. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014.
"Intervention Agenda Item 12: Elimination of Violence Against Women (archived copy)" at the United Nations Commission on Human Rights in April 2004; speaker: Ji Sun JEONG for A Woman's Voice International (AWVI, an NGO that focused on the PRC's and DPRK's treatment of North Korean refugees to China and of Christians). Incidentally, exactly one year after her speech, the ECOSOC's Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations, which "is the UN body that adjudicates requests by nongovernmental organizations for accreditation to participate in ECOSOC and its subsidiaries' meetings",[1] suspended AWVI at the instigation of the PRC's delegation. This came after another AWVI speaker activated a Chinese taser gun to illustrate torture by PRC authorities while giving his speech at the UNCHR's 61st plenary session.[2]"United Nations NGO Committee in New York to suspend A Woman´s Voice International". Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 22 February 2009."TESTIMONY OF BOB FU APRIL 19, 2005". Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 22 February 2009.
Collard, Tim (9 December 2009). "The Mongolian prostitutes are back in Beijing – Telegraph Blogs". Blogs.telegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on 12 December 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
Nguyen Dinh Thang, PhD; Vu Quoc Dung; Pastor Truong Tri Hien; Nguyen Cao Quyen; Nguyen Quoc Khai; Ngo Thi Hie (May 2008). Vietnam Country Report Background Information and Recommendations (PDF) (Report). Vietnam Study Group. p. 21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 September 2011.
"Vietnamese Trafficked into China for Prostitution". humantrafficking.org. 24 December 2005. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
"Inside a "Vietnamese girl market"". Tuoitrenews. 28 January 2013. Archived from the original on 30 January 2013.
"Sex Work in China". Asia Monitor Resource Centre. Retrieved 23 April 2009. Archived from the original Archived 15 January 2001 at the Wayback Machine on 15 January 2001.
Human Rights in China Can dialogue improve China's human rights situation? Report on the implementation of CEDAW in the People's Republic of China Archived 21 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine, 2000. Retrieved 2 December 2005.
"The Right to be Free from Torture and Ill Treatment: Charter Right 12". International Planned Parenthood Federation. Archived from the original on 21 November 2008. Retrieved 28 May 2009.
"Sex worker Ye Haiyan held in China's 1st rally to legalize prostitution - What's On Xiamen". Archived from the original on 7 August 2010. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
Settle, Edmund (29 July 2004). "Legalise prostitution in China" (PDF). South China Morning Post. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 February 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
Peratis, K. and Flores, J.R. Symposium (voluntary prostitution) Archived 30 January 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Insight on the News, 17 July 2000. Retrieved 2 December 2005.
"China 2018 Trafficking in Persons Report". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 26 July 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

whatsonxiamen.com

"Sex worker Ye Haiyan held in China's 1st rally to legalize prostitution - What's On Xiamen". Archived from the original on 7 August 2010. Retrieved 1 October 2014.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Gil, V.E.; Wang, M.S.; Anderson, A.F.; Guo, M.L.; Wu, Z.O. (1996). "Plum blossoms and pheasants: prostitutes, prostitution, and social control measures in contemporary China". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 38 (4): 319. doi:10.1177/0306624X9403800405. ISSN 0306-624X. S2CID 146392951.

xinhuanet.com

news.xinhuanet.com

Shidong, Sun (6 July 2005). ":: 新中国取缔妓院前后" [Before and after the ban on brothels in New China]. Xinhua. Archived from the original on 7 January 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2018.

youtube.com

"5000 Mongolian prostitutes in China 五千蒙古妓女". YouTube. 31 July 2012. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2015.