Protoplanet (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Protoplanet" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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30doi.org

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27harvard.edu

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24arxiv.org

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21worldcat.org

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7semanticscholar.org

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4aanda.org

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4caltech.edu

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2iop.org

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2universetoday.com

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2handle.net

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2nih.gov

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2discovery.com

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aanda.org (Global: 5,591^st place; English: 5,552^nd place)

Garufi, A.; Quanz, S. P.; Schmid, H. M.; Mulders, G. D.; Avenhaus, H.; Boccaletti, A.; Ginski, C.; Langlois, M.; Stolker, T.; Augereau, J.-C.; Benisty, M.; Lopez, B.; Dominik, C.; Gratton, R.; Henning, T.; Janson, M.; Ménard, F.; Meyer, M. R.; Pinte, C.; Sissa, E.; Vigan, A.; Zurlo, A.; Bazzon, A.; Buenzli, E.; Bonnefoy, M.; Brandner, W.; Chauvin, G.; Cheetham, A.; Cudel, M.; Desidera, S.; Feldt, M.; Galicher, R.; Kasper, M.; Lagrange, A.-M.; Lannier, J.; Maire, A. L.; Mesa, D.; Mouillet, D.; Peretti, S.; Perrot, C.; Salter, G.; Wildi, F. (April 2016). "The SPHERE view of the planet-forming disk around HD 100546". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 588: A8. arXiv:1601.04983. Bibcode:2016A&A...588A...8G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527940. ISSN 0004-6361. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Gratton, R.; Ligi, R.; Sissa, E.; Desidera, S.; Mesa, D.; Bonnefoy, M.; Chauvin, G.; Cheetham, A.; Feldt, M.; Lagrange, A. M.; Langlois, M.; Meyer, M.; Vigan, A.; Boccaletti, A.; Janson, M. (March 2019). "Blobs, spiral arms, and a possible planet around HD 169142". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 623: A140. arXiv:1901.06555. Bibcode:2019A&A...623A.140G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834760. ISSN 0004-6361.
Neuhäuser, R.; Guenther, E. W.; Wuchterl, G.; Mugrauer, M.; Bedalov, A.; Hauschildt, P. H. (May 2005). "Evidence for a co-moving sub-stellar companion of GQ Lup". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 435 (1): L13 – L16. arXiv:astro-ph/0503691. Bibcode:2005A&A...435L..13N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500104. ISSN 0004-6361.
Chauvin, G.; Lagrange, A.-M.; Dumas, C.; Zuckerman, B.; Mouillet, D.; Song, I.; Beuzit, J.-L.; Lowrance, P. (August 2005). "Giant planet companion to 2MASSW J1207334-393254". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 438 (2): L25 – L28. arXiv:astro-ph/0504659. Bibcode:2005A&A...438L..25C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500116. ISSN 0004-6361.

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Teague, Richard; Jankovic, Marija R.; Haworth, Thomas J.; Qi, Chunhua; Ilee, John D. (2020-06-01). "A three-dimensional view of Gomez's hamburger". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 495 (1): 451–459. arXiv:2003.02061. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.495..451T. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1167. ISSN 0035-8711.
Young, E. D.; Kohl, I. E.; Warren, P. H.; Rubie, D. C.; Jacobson, S. A.; Morbidelli, A. (28 January 2016). "Oxygen isotopic evidence for vigorous mixing during the Moon-forming giant impact". Science. 351 (6272): 493–496. arXiv:1603.04536. Bibcode:2016Sci...351..493Y. doi:10.1126/science.aad0525. PMID 26823426. S2CID 6548599.
Kraus, Adam L.; Ireland, Michael J. (2012-01-01). "LkCa 15: A Young Exoplanet Caught at Formation?". The Astrophysical Journal. 745 (1): 5. arXiv:1110.3808. Bibcode:2012ApJ...745....5K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/5. ISSN 0004-637X.
Currie, Thayne; Marois, Christian; Cieza, Lucas; Mulders, Gijs D.; Lawson, Kellen; Caceres, Claudio; Rodriguez-Ruiz, Dary; Wisniewski, John; Guyon, Olivier; Brandt, Timothy D.; Kasdin, N. Jeremy; Groff, Tyler D.; Lozi, Julien; Chilcote, Jeffrey; Hodapp, Klaus (2019-05-01). "No Clear, Direct Evidence for Multiple Protoplanets Orbiting LkCa 15: LkCa 15 bcd are Likely Inner Disk Signals". The Astrophysical Journal. 877 (1): L3. arXiv:1905.04322. Bibcode:2019ApJ...877L...3C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab1b42. ISSN 0004-637X.
Quanz, Sascha P.; Amara, Adam; Meyer, Michael P.; Kenworthy, Matthew P.; et al. (2013). "A young protoplanet candidate embedded in the circumstellar disk of HD 100546". Astrophysical Journal. 766 (1). L1. arXiv:1302.7122. Bibcode:2013ApJ...766L...1Q. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/766/1/l1. S2CID 56140977.
Garufi, A.; Quanz, S. P.; Schmid, H. M.; Mulders, G. D.; Avenhaus, H.; Boccaletti, A.; Ginski, C.; Langlois, M.; Stolker, T.; Augereau, J.-C.; Benisty, M.; Lopez, B.; Dominik, C.; Gratton, R.; Henning, T.; Janson, M.; Ménard, F.; Meyer, M. R.; Pinte, C.; Sissa, E.; Vigan, A.; Zurlo, A.; Bazzon, A.; Buenzli, E.; Bonnefoy, M.; Brandner, W.; Chauvin, G.; Cheetham, A.; Cudel, M.; Desidera, S.; Feldt, M.; Galicher, R.; Kasper, M.; Lagrange, A.-M.; Lannier, J.; Maire, A. L.; Mesa, D.; Mouillet, D.; Peretti, S.; Perrot, C.; Salter, G.; Wildi, F. (April 2016). "The SPHERE view of the planet-forming disk around HD 100546". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 588: A8. arXiv:1601.04983. Bibcode:2016A&A...588A...8G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527940. ISSN 0004-6361. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Pinte, Christophe; Teague, Richard; Flaherty, Kevin; Hall, Cassandra; Facchini, Stefano; Casassus, Simon (2022-03-01). "Kinematic Structures in Planet-Forming Disks". Protostars and Planets VII. 534: 645. arXiv:2203.09528. Bibcode:2023ASPC..534..645P.
Pinte, C.; van der Plas, G.; Ménard, F.; Price, D. J.; Christiaens, V.; Hill, T.; Mentiplay, D.; Ginski, C.; Choquet, E.; Boehler, Y.; Duchêne, G.; Perez, S.; Casassus, S. (2019-08-01). "Kinematic detection of a planet carving a gap in a protoplanetary disk". Nature Astronomy. 3 (12): 1109–1114. arXiv:1907.02538. Bibcode:2019NatAs...3.1109P. doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0852-6. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 195820690.
Gratton, R.; Ligi, R.; Sissa, E.; Desidera, S.; Mesa, D.; Bonnefoy, M.; Chauvin, G.; Cheetham, A.; Feldt, M.; Lagrange, A. M.; Langlois, M.; Meyer, M.; Vigan, A.; Boccaletti, A.; Janson, M. (March 2019). "Blobs, spiral arms, and a possible planet around HD 169142". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 623: A140. arXiv:1901.06555. Bibcode:2019A&A...623A.140G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834760. ISSN 0004-6361.
Hammond, Iain; Christiaens, Valentin; Price, Daniel J.; Toci, Claudia; Pinte, Christophe; Juillard, Sandrine; Garg, Himanshi (2023-02-01). "Confirmation and Keplerian motion of the gap-carving protoplanet HD 169142 b". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 522 (1): L51 – L55. arXiv:2302.11302. Bibcode:2023MNRAS.522L..51H. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slad027.
Itoh, Yoichi; Hayashi, Masahiko; Tamura, Motohide; Tsuji, Takashi; Oasa, Yumiko; Fukagawa, Misato; Hayashi, Saeko S.; Naoi, Takahiro; Ishii, Miki; Mayama, Satoshi; Morino, Jun-ichi; Yamashita, Takuya; Pyo, Tae-Soo; Nishikawa, Takayuki; Usuda, Tomonori (2005-02-20). "A Young Brown Dwarf Companion to DH Tauri". The Astrophysical Journal. 620 (2): 984–993. arXiv:astro-ph/0411177. Bibcode:2005ApJ...620..984I. doi:10.1086/427086. ISSN 0004-637X.
Neuhäuser, R.; Guenther, E. W.; Wuchterl, G.; Mugrauer, M.; Bedalov, A.; Hauschildt, P. H. (May 2005). "Evidence for a co-moving sub-stellar companion of GQ Lup". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 435 (1): L13 – L16. arXiv:astro-ph/0503691. Bibcode:2005A&A...435L..13N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500104. ISSN 0004-6361.
Chauvin, G.; Lagrange, A.-M.; Dumas, C.; Zuckerman, B.; Mouillet, D.; Song, I.; Beuzit, J.-L.; Lowrance, P. (August 2005). "Giant planet companion to 2MASSW J1207334-393254". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 438 (2): L25 – L28. arXiv:astro-ph/0504659. Bibcode:2005A&A...438L..25C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500116. ISSN 0004-6361.
Sallum, S.; Follette, K. B.; Eisner, J. A.; Close, L. M.; Hinz, P.; Kratter, K.; Males, J.; Skemer, A.; Macintosh, B.; Tuthill, P.; Bailey, V.; Defrère, D.; Morzinski, K.; Rodigas, T.; Spalding, E. (2015-11-01). "Accreting protoplanets in the LkCa 15 transition disk". Nature. 527 (7578): 342–344. arXiv:1511.07456. Bibcode:2015Natur.527..342S. doi:10.1038/nature15761. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 26581290. S2CID 916170.
Quanz, Sascha P.; Amara, Adam; Meyer, Michael R.; Girard, Julien H.; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Kasper, Markus (2015-07-01). "Confirmation and Characterization of the Protoplanet HD 100546 b—Direct Evidence for Gas Giant Planet Formation at 50 AU". The Astrophysical Journal. 807 (1): 64. arXiv:1412.5173. Bibcode:2015ApJ...807...64Q. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/807/1/64. hdl:1887/48578. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119119314.
Rameau, Julien; Follette, Katherine B.; Pueyo, Laurent; Marois, Christian; Macintosh, Bruce; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell; Wang, Jason J.; Vega, David; Doyon, René; Lafrenière, David; Nielsen, Eric L.; Bailey, Vanessa; Chilcote, Jeffrey K.; Close, Laird M.; Esposito, Thomas M. (2017-06-01). "An Optical/Near-infrared Investigation of HD 100546 b with the Gemini Planet Imager and MagAO". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (6): 244. arXiv:1704.06317. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..244R. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6cae. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 19100982.
Berné, O.; Fuente, A.; Pantin, E.; Bujarrabal, V.; Baruteau, C.; Pilleri, P.; Habart, E.; Ménard, F.; Cernicharo, J.; Tielens, A. G. G. M.; Joblin, C. (2015-06-01). "Very Large Telescope observations of Gomez's Hamburger: Insights into a young protoplanet candidate". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 578: L8. arXiv:1504.02735. Bibcode:2015A&A...578L...8B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526041. ISSN 0004-6361.
Zhou, Yifan; Bowler, Brendan P.; Yang, Haifeng; Sanghi, Aniket; Herczeg, Gregory J.; Kraus, Adam L.; Bae, Jaehan; Long, Feng; Follette, Katherine B.; Ward-Duong, Kimberley; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Biddle, Lauren I.; Close, Laird M.; Yushu Jiang, Lillian; Wu, Ya-Lin (30 Aug 2023). "UV-Optical Emission of AB Aur b is Consistent with Scattered Stellar Light". Astrophysical Journal. 166 (6): 11. arXiv:2308.16223. Bibcode:2023AJ....166..220Z. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acf9ec.
Biddle, Lauren I.; Bowler, Brendan P.; Zhou, Yifan; Franson, Kyle; Zhang, Zhoujian (2024-04-01). "Deep Paβ Imaging of the Candidate Accreting Protoplanet AB Aur b". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (4): 172. arXiv:2402.12601. Bibcode:2024AJ....167..172B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad2a52. ISSN 0004-6256.
Verrios, Harrison J.; Price, Daniel J.; Pinte, Christophe; Hilder, Thomas; Calcino, Josh (2022-07-01). "Kinematic Evidence for an Embedded Planet in the IM Lupi Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 934 (1): L11. arXiv:2207.02869. Bibcode:2022ApJ...934L..11V. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac7f44. ISSN 0004-637X.
Kanagawa, Kazuhiro D.; Ono, Tomohiro; Momose, Munetake (2023-12-01). "Kinematic signatures of a low-mass planet with a moderately inclined orbit in a protoplanetary disk". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 75 (6): 1105–1123. arXiv:2308.12144. Bibcode:2023PASJ...75.1105K. doi:10.1093/pasj/psad059. ISSN 0004-6264.
Calcino, Josh; Hilder, Thomas; Price, Daniel J.; Pinte, Christophe; Bollati, Francesco; Lodato, Giuseppe; Norfolk, Brodie J. (2022-04-01). "Mapping the Planetary Wake in HD 163296 with Kinematics". The Astrophysical Journal. 929 (2): L25. arXiv:2111.07416. Bibcode:2022ApJ...929L..25C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac64a7. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 244117638.
Pinte, C.; Hammond, I.; Price, D. J.; Christiaens, V.; Andrews, S. M.; Chauvin, G.; Pérez, L. M.; Jorquera, S.; Garg, H.; Norfolk, B. J.; Calcino, J.; Bonnefoy, M. (2023-11-01). "Kinematic and thermal signatures of the directly imaged protoplanet candidate around Elias 2-24". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 526 (1): L41 – L46. arXiv:2301.08759. Bibcode:2023MNRAS.526L..41P. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slad010. ISSN 0035-8711.
Li, Jialin; et al. (2025). "Discovery of H$α$ Emission from a Protoplanet Candidate Around the Young Star 2MASS J16120668-3010270 with MagAO-X". arXiv:2508.11155 [astro-ph.EP].

caltech.edu (Global: 887^th place; English: 714^th place)

exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu

"PDS 70 | NASA Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-01.
"HD 97048 | NASA Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-01.
"HD 100546 | NASA Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-01.
"AB Aur | NASA Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-01.

cbc.ca (Global: 115^th place; English: 82^nd place)

"Gigantic Jupiter-like alien planet observed still 'in the womb'". CBC News. April 5, 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.

discovery.com (Global: 1,299^th place; English: 903^rd place)

dsc.discovery.com

"BIG PIC: 2 Pallas, the Asteroid with Protoplanetary Attitude". Discovery Space. Discovery Communications. 2009-10-08. Retrieved 2009-10-08.

news.discovery.com

Klotz, Irene (2011-10-27). "ASTEROID FAILS TO MAKE IT BIG: A newly studied asteroid is actually a planetary building block that stopped growing". Discovery News. Discovery Communications. Retrieved 2011-10-27.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Crespi, Samuele; Dobbs-Dixon, Ian; Georgakarakos, Nikolaos; Haghighipour, Nader; Maindl, Thomas I; Schäfer, Christoph M; Winter, Philip Matthias (2021-10-13). "Protoplanet collisions: Statistical properties of ejecta". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 508 (4). Oxford University Press, Royal Astronomical Society: 6013–6022. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2951. Retrieved 2025-08-10.
Kokubo, Eiichiro; Ida, Shigeru (2002-12-10). "Formation of Protoplanet Systems and Diversity of Planetary Systems". The Astrophysical Journal. 581 (1). IOP Publishing, American Astronomical Society: 666–680. Bibcode:2002ApJ...581..666K. doi:10.1086/344105. Retrieved 2025-08-10.
Raymond, Sean N. (2023-07-28). Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Nature. p. 2703. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65093-6_1397. ISBN 978-3-662-65092-9. Retrieved 2025-08-10.
Teague, Richard; Jankovic, Marija R.; Haworth, Thomas J.; Qi, Chunhua; Ilee, John D. (2020-06-01). "A three-dimensional view of Gomez's hamburger". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 495 (1): 451–459. arXiv:2003.02061. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.495..451T. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1167. ISSN 0035-8711.
Ahrens, T J (1 May 1993). "Impact Erosion of Terrestrial Planetary Atmospheres". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 21 (1): 525–555. Bibcode:1993AREPS..21..525A. doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.21.050193.002521. hdl:2060/19920021677. ISSN 0084-6597. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Young, E. D.; Kohl, I. E.; Warren, P. H.; Rubie, D. C.; Jacobson, S. A.; Morbidelli, A. (28 January 2016). "Oxygen isotopic evidence for vigorous mixing during the Moon-forming giant impact". Science. 351 (6272): 493–496. arXiv:1603.04536. Bibcode:2016Sci...351..493Y. doi:10.1126/science.aad0525. PMID 26823426. S2CID 6548599.
Kelley, Michael S; Michael J. Gaffey (2000). "9 Metis and 113 Amalthea: A Genetic Asteroid Pair". Icarus. 144 (1): 27–38. Bibcode:2000Icar..144...27K. doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6266.
Kraus, Adam L.; Ireland, Michael J. (2012-01-01). "LkCa 15: A Young Exoplanet Caught at Formation?". The Astrophysical Journal. 745 (1): 5. arXiv:1110.3808. Bibcode:2012ApJ...745....5K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/745/1/5. ISSN 0004-637X.
Currie, Thayne; Marois, Christian; Cieza, Lucas; Mulders, Gijs D.; Lawson, Kellen; Caceres, Claudio; Rodriguez-Ruiz, Dary; Wisniewski, John; Guyon, Olivier; Brandt, Timothy D.; Kasdin, N. Jeremy; Groff, Tyler D.; Lozi, Julien; Chilcote, Jeffrey; Hodapp, Klaus (2019-05-01). "No Clear, Direct Evidence for Multiple Protoplanets Orbiting LkCa 15: LkCa 15 bcd are Likely Inner Disk Signals". The Astrophysical Journal. 877 (1): L3. arXiv:1905.04322. Bibcode:2019ApJ...877L...3C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab1b42. ISSN 0004-637X.
Quanz, Sascha P.; Amara, Adam; Meyer, Michael P.; Kenworthy, Matthew P.; et al. (2013). "A young protoplanet candidate embedded in the circumstellar disk of HD 100546". Astrophysical Journal. 766 (1). L1. arXiv:1302.7122. Bibcode:2013ApJ...766L...1Q. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/766/1/l1. S2CID 56140977.
Garufi, A.; Quanz, S. P.; Schmid, H. M.; Mulders, G. D.; Avenhaus, H.; Boccaletti, A.; Ginski, C.; Langlois, M.; Stolker, T.; Augereau, J.-C.; Benisty, M.; Lopez, B.; Dominik, C.; Gratton, R.; Henning, T.; Janson, M.; Ménard, F.; Meyer, M. R.; Pinte, C.; Sissa, E.; Vigan, A.; Zurlo, A.; Bazzon, A.; Buenzli, E.; Bonnefoy, M.; Brandner, W.; Chauvin, G.; Cheetham, A.; Cudel, M.; Desidera, S.; Feldt, M.; Galicher, R.; Kasper, M.; Lagrange, A.-M.; Lannier, J.; Maire, A. L.; Mesa, D.; Mouillet, D.; Peretti, S.; Perrot, C.; Salter, G.; Wildi, F. (April 2016). "The SPHERE view of the planet-forming disk around HD 100546". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 588: A8. arXiv:1601.04983. Bibcode:2016A&A...588A...8G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527940. ISSN 0004-6361. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Pinte, C.; van der Plas, G.; Ménard, F.; Price, D. J.; Christiaens, V.; Hill, T.; Mentiplay, D.; Ginski, C.; Choquet, E.; Boehler, Y.; Duchêne, G.; Perez, S.; Casassus, S. (2019-08-01). "Kinematic detection of a planet carving a gap in a protoplanetary disk". Nature Astronomy. 3 (12): 1109–1114. arXiv:1907.02538. Bibcode:2019NatAs...3.1109P. doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0852-6. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 195820690.
Gaia Collaboration (2020-11-01). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)". VizieR Online Data Catalog: I/350. Bibcode:2020yCat.1350....0G. doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.1350.
Gratton, R.; Ligi, R.; Sissa, E.; Desidera, S.; Mesa, D.; Bonnefoy, M.; Chauvin, G.; Cheetham, A.; Feldt, M.; Lagrange, A. M.; Langlois, M.; Meyer, M.; Vigan, A.; Boccaletti, A.; Janson, M. (March 2019). "Blobs, spiral arms, and a possible planet around HD 169142". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 623: A140. arXiv:1901.06555. Bibcode:2019A&A...623A.140G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834760. ISSN 0004-6361.
Hammond, Iain; Christiaens, Valentin; Price, Daniel J.; Toci, Claudia; Pinte, Christophe; Juillard, Sandrine; Garg, Himanshi (2023-02-01). "Confirmation and Keplerian motion of the gap-carving protoplanet HD 169142 b". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 522 (1): L51 – L55. arXiv:2302.11302. Bibcode:2023MNRAS.522L..51H. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slad027.
van Capelleveen, Richelle F.; Ginski, Christian; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Byrne, Jake; Lawlor, Chloe; McLachlan, Dan; Mamajek, Eric E.; Stolker, Tomas; Benisty, Myriam; Bohn, Alexander J.; Close, Laird M.; Dominik, Carsten; Haffert, Sebastiaan; Landman, Rico; Ma, Jie (2025-08-26). "WIde Separation Planets In Time (WISPIT): A Gap-clearing Planet in a Multi-ringed Disk around the Young Solar-type Star WISPIT 2". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 990 (1): L8. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adf721. ISSN 2041-8205.
Close, Laird M.; van Capelleveen, Richelle F.; Weible, Gabriel; Wagner, Kevin; Haffert, Sebastiaan Y.; Males, Jared R.; Ilyin, Ilya; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Li, Jialin; Long, Joseph D.; Ertel, Steve; Ginski, Christian; Weinberger, Alycia J.; Follette, Kate; Liberman, Joshua (2025-08-26). "Wide Separation Planets in Time (WISPIT): Discovery of a Gap Hα Protoplanet WISPIT 2b with MagAO-X". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 990 (1): L9. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adf7a5. ISSN 2041-8205.
Itoh, Yoichi; Hayashi, Masahiko; Tamura, Motohide; Tsuji, Takashi; Oasa, Yumiko; Fukagawa, Misato; Hayashi, Saeko S.; Naoi, Takahiro; Ishii, Miki; Mayama, Satoshi; Morino, Jun-ichi; Yamashita, Takuya; Pyo, Tae-Soo; Nishikawa, Takayuki; Usuda, Tomonori (2005-02-20). "A Young Brown Dwarf Companion to DH Tauri". The Astrophysical Journal. 620 (2): 984–993. arXiv:astro-ph/0411177. Bibcode:2005ApJ...620..984I. doi:10.1086/427086. ISSN 0004-637X.
Neuhäuser, R.; Guenther, E. W.; Wuchterl, G.; Mugrauer, M.; Bedalov, A.; Hauschildt, P. H. (May 2005). "Evidence for a co-moving sub-stellar companion of GQ Lup". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 435 (1): L13 – L16. arXiv:astro-ph/0503691. Bibcode:2005A&A...435L..13N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500104. ISSN 0004-6361.
Chauvin, G.; Lagrange, A.-M.; Dumas, C.; Zuckerman, B.; Mouillet, D.; Song, I.; Beuzit, J.-L.; Lowrance, P. (August 2005). "Giant planet companion to 2MASSW J1207334-393254". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 438 (2): L25 – L28. arXiv:astro-ph/0504659. Bibcode:2005A&A...438L..25C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500116. ISSN 0004-6361.
Sallum, S.; Follette, K. B.; Eisner, J. A.; Close, L. M.; Hinz, P.; Kratter, K.; Males, J.; Skemer, A.; Macintosh, B.; Tuthill, P.; Bailey, V.; Defrère, D.; Morzinski, K.; Rodigas, T.; Spalding, E. (2015-11-01). "Accreting protoplanets in the LkCa 15 transition disk". Nature. 527 (7578): 342–344. arXiv:1511.07456. Bibcode:2015Natur.527..342S. doi:10.1038/nature15761. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 26581290. S2CID 916170.
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Cessna, Abby (2009). "Protoplanets". Universe Today.

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Alan Boyle (2009-10-08). "Protoplanet frozen in time". MSNBC. Archived from the original on 2009-10-10. Retrieved 2009-09-12.

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Protoplanet (English Wikipedia)

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