Rainbow (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Rainbow" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

49web.archive.org

1^st place

23atoptics.co.uk

8,147^th place

5,788^th place

14doi.org

2^nd place

10harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

9books.google.com

3^rd place

6semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

5nih.gov

4^th place

4worldcat.org

5^th place

3nasa.gov

75^th place

83^rd place

2britannica.com

40^th place

58^th place

2earthsky.org

6,724^th place

5,463^rd place

2berkeleyphysicsdemos.net

low place

1nationalgeographic.org

2,660^th place

2,078^th place

1wunderground.com

4,976^th place

3,595^th place

1anseladams.com

low place

1weatherquesting.com

low place

1polarization.com

low place

1umn.edu

1,266^th place

860^th place

1x10host.com

low place

1sciencealert.com

5,043^rd place

3,807^th place

1ucsb.edu

1,115^th place

741^st place

1essex.ac.uk

9,925^th place

6,538^th place

1ucar.edu

7,843^rd place

5,892^nd place

1archive.today

14^th place

1illinois.edu

1,349^th place

866^th place

1usatoday.com

41^st place

34^th place

1the-triton.com

low place

1metoffice.gov.uk

2,735^th place

2,066^th place

1thenakedscientists.com

low place

1researchgate.net

120^th place

125^th place

1ucsd.edu

1,933^rd place

1,342^nd place

1psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

1atoptics.wordpress.com

low place

1philiplaven.com

low place

1sciencedaily.com

993^rd place

920^th place

1newscientist.com

774^th place

716^th place

1weatherscapes.com

low place

1machorro.net

low place

1johncohn.org

low place

1mit.edu

415^th place

327^th place

1st-and.ac.uk

3,503^rd place

3,612^th place

1fsu.edu

2,584^th place

1,811^th place

1st-andrews.ac.uk

1,547^th place

1,410^th place

1wiley.com

222^nd place

297^th place

1du.edu

9,263^rd place

6,521^st place

1arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

1jimdo.com

3,886^th place

8,342^nd place

1tufts.edu

155^th place

138^th place

1mistholme.com

low place

1anthropos.eu

low place

1bbc.com

20^th place

30^th place

anseladams.com

Walklet, Keith S. (2006). "Lunar Rainbows – When to View and How to Photograph a "Moonbow"". The Ansel Adams Gallery. Archived from the original on 25 May 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2007.

anthropos.eu

Blust, Robert (June 2021). "Pointing, Rainbows, and the Archaeology of Mind". Anthropos. 116: 145–161. doi:10.5771/0257-9774-2021-1-145. S2CID 236605041. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2021.

archive.today

Cowley, Les. "Zero order glow". Atmospheric Optics. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 8 August 2011.

arxiv.org

“Revisiting the round bottom flask rainbow experiment.”, M. Selmke and S. Selmke, arXiv, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine

atoptics.co.uk

Cowley, Les. "Primary rainbow colours". Atmospheric Optics. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
Cowley, Les. "Sea Water Rainbow". Atmospheric Optics. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
Cowley, Les. "Zero order glow". Atmospheric Optics. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
"Secondary rainbow". www.atoptics.co.uk. 16 September 2023.
"Secondary rainbow". www.atoptics.co.uk. 16 September 2023.
"Atmospheric Optics: Twinned rainbows". Atoptics.co.uk. 3 June 2002. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
"OPOD – 360° Rainbow". www.atoptics.co.uk. 16 September 2023.
"Supernumerary Rainbows". www.atoptics.co.uk. 16 September 2023.
"Supernumerary Rainbows and drop size". www.atoptics.co.uk. 16 September 2023.
"Fogbow droplet size effect". www.atoptics.co.uk. 16 September 2023.
"Fogbow droplet size effect". www.atoptics.co.uk. 16 September 2023.
Les Cowley (Atmospheric Optics). "Bows everywhere!". Retrieved 13 April 2015.
"Atmospheric Optics: Reflection rainbows formation". Atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
"Dawn Red Rainbows Arizona – OPOD". atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
"Untitled Document". www.atoptics.co.uk. 16 September 2023.
"3rd & 4th order rainbows". www.atoptics.co.uk. 16 September 2023.
"Moonbow – Lunar Rainbow". www.atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
"Moonbow – Lunar Rainbow". www.atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
Les Cowley. Observing Halos – Getting Started Atmospheric Optics Archived 3 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 3 December 2013.
"Circumzenithal Arc". www.atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
Cowley, Les. "Circumhorizontal arc". Atmospheric Optics. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
Cowley, Les. "Sea Water Rainbow". Atmospheric Optics. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
Cowley, Les. "Glass Bead Bows". Atmospheric Optics. Retrieved 10 November 2016.

atoptics.wordpress.com

"Triple-split rainbow observed and photographed in Japan, August 2012". blog.meteoros.de. 12 March 2015. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2015.

bbc.com

"Saudi authorities seize rainbow toys for promoting homosexuality". BBC News. 15 June 2022. Archived from the original on 7 September 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022.

berkeleyphysicsdemos.net

“Rainbow: Refraction of white light by a liquid sphere.”, U.C. Berkeley Physics Lecture Demonstrations, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine
“Primary and Secondary Bow of a Rainbow”, U.C. Berkeley Physics Lecture Demonstrations, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine

books.google.com

Tony Buick (2010). The Rainbow Sky: An Exploration of Colors in the Solar System and Beyond. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 200. ISBN 9781441910530. Archived from the original on 22 June 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
Waldman, Gary (1983). Introduction to Light: The Physics of Light, Vision, and Color (2002 revised ed.). Mineola, New York: Dover Publications. p. 193. ISBN 978-0486421186.
Gage, John (1994). Color and Meaning. University of California Press. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-520-22611-1.
Raymond L. Lee; Alistair B. Fraser (2001). The rainbow bridge: rainbows in art, myth, and science. Penn State Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-271-01977-2.
Seneca, Lucius Anneus (1 April 2014). Delphi Complete Works of Seneca the Younger (Illustrated). Vol. Book I (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 27 ed.). Delphi Classics.
Raymond L. Lee; Alistair B. Fraser (2001). The rainbow bridge: rainbows in art, myth, and science. Penn State Press. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-271-01977-2.
See:
- Airy, G. B. (1838). "On the intensity of light in the neighbourhood of a caustic". Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 6 (3): 379–403. Bibcode:1838TCaPS...6..379A.
- Ray, Reginald (2001). Secret of the Vajra World: The Tantric Buddhism of Tibet. Shambhala Publications. p. 323. ISBN 9781570627729.
- Elsie, Robert (2001). A Dictionary of Albanian Religion, Mythology and Folk Culture. London: Hurst & Company. p. 258. ISBN 1-85065-570-7.

britannica.com

"Understand the science of appearance of different colors of the rainbow". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2014. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
Gonzalez, Nora. "How Did the Rainbow Flag Become a Symbol of LGBTQ Pride?". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 May 2023.

doi.org

Rosch Heider, Eleanor (1972). "Universals in color naming and memory". Journal of Experimental Psychology. 93 (1): 10–20. doi:10.1037/h0032606. ISSN 0022-1015. PMID 5013326.
Roberson, Debi; Davies, Ian; Davidoff, Jules (September 2000). "Color categories are not universal: Replications and new evidence from a stone-age culture" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 129 (3): 369–398. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.129.3.369. PMID 11006906. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 May 2020. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
See:
- Haußmann, Alexander (February 2015). "Observation, analysis, and reconstruction of a twinned rainbow". Applied Optics. 54 (4): B117–B127. Bibcode:2015ApOpt..54B.117H. doi:10.1364/AO.54.00B117. PMID 25967817.
- Sadeghi, Iman; Munoz, Adolfo; Laven, Philip; Jarosz, Wojciech; Seron, Francisco; Gutierrez, Diego; Jensen, Henrik Wann (2012). "Physically-based simulation of rainbows" (PDF). ACM Transactions on Graphics. 31: 1–12. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.296.3051. doi:10.1145/2077341.2077344. S2CID 6774839. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- Großmann, Michael; Schmidt, Elmar; Haußmann, Alexander (1 October 2011). "Photographic evidence for the third-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F134–F141. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.134G. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F134. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016237. S2CID 796963.
- Theusner, Michael (1 October 2011). "Photographic observation of a natural fourth-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F129–F133. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.129T. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F129. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016236. S2CID 20238055.
- Billet, Felix (1868). "Mémoire sur les Dix-neuf premiers arcs-en-ciel de l'eau" [Memoir on the first nineteen rainbows]. Annales Scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure. 1 (5): 67–109. doi:10.24033/asens.43.
- Walker, Jearl (1977). "How to create and observe a dozen rainbows in a single drop of water". Scientific American. 237 (July): 138–144 + 154. Bibcode:1977SciAm.237a.138W. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0777-138. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
- Ng, P. H.; Tse, M. Y.; Lee, W. K. (1998). "Observation of high-order rainbows formed by a pendant drop". Journal of the Optical Society of America B. 15 (11): 2782. Bibcode:1998JOSAB..15.2782N. doi:10.1364/JOSAB.15.002782.
- Lindberg, David C (Summer 1966). "Roger Bacon's Theory of the Rainbow: Progress or Regress?". Isis. 57 (2): 235. doi:10.1086/350116. S2CID 170749000.
- Boyer, Carl B. (1952). "Descartes and the Radius of the Rainbow". Isis. 43 (2): 95–98. doi:10.1086/349399. S2CID 145493641.
- Gedzelman, Stanley David (1989). "Did Kepler's Supplement to Witelo Inspire Descartes' Theory of the Rainbow?". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 70 (7): 750–751. Bibcode:1989BAMS...70..750G. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1989)070<0750:DKSTWI>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1520-0477.
- Nussenzveig, H. Moyses (1977). "The Theory of the Rainbow". Scientific American. 236 (4): 116. Bibcode:1977SciAm.236d.116N. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0477-116.
- Blust, Robert (June 2021). "Pointing, Rainbows, and the Archaeology of Mind". Anthropos. 116: 145–161. doi:10.5771/0257-9774-2021-1-145. S2CID 236605041. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2021.

du.edu

mysite.du.edu

“The Rainbow,”J.B. Calvert, link Archived 24 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved 10 January 2016

earthsky.org

"How to see a whole circle rainbow – EarthSky.org". earthsky.org. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013.
"Can you ever see the whole circle of a rainbow? | Earth". EarthSky. 15 December 2012. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.

essex.ac.uk

repository.essex.ac.uk

Roberson, Debi; Davies, Ian; Davidoff, Jules (September 2000). "Color categories are not universal: Replications and new evidence from a stone-age culture" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 129 (3): 369–398. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.129.3.369. PMID 11006906. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 May 2020. Retrieved 11 July 2019.

fsu.edu

micro.magnet.fsu.edu

Davidson, Michael W. (1 August 2003). "Roger Bacon (1214–1294)". Florida State University. Archived from the original on 30 August 2006. Retrieved 10 August 2006.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

See:
- Haußmann, Alexander (February 2015). "Observation, analysis, and reconstruction of a twinned rainbow". Applied Optics. 54 (4): B117–B127. Bibcode:2015ApOpt..54B.117H. doi:10.1364/AO.54.00B117. PMID 25967817.
- Großmann, Michael; Schmidt, Elmar; Haußmann, Alexander (1 October 2011). "Photographic evidence for the third-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F134–F141. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.134G. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F134. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016237. S2CID 796963.
- Theusner, Michael (1 October 2011). "Photographic observation of a natural fourth-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F129–F133. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.129T. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F129. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016236. S2CID 20238055.
- Walker, Jearl (1977). "How to create and observe a dozen rainbows in a single drop of water". Scientific American. 237 (July): 138–144 + 154. Bibcode:1977SciAm.237a.138W. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0777-138. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
- Ng, P. H.; Tse, M. Y.; Lee, W. K. (1998). "Observation of high-order rainbows formed by a pendant drop". Journal of the Optical Society of America B. 15 (11): 2782. Bibcode:1998JOSAB..15.2782N. doi:10.1364/JOSAB.15.002782.
- Gedzelman, Stanley David (1989). "Did Kepler's Supplement to Witelo Inspire Descartes' Theory of the Rainbow?". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 70 (7): 750–751. Bibcode:1989BAMS...70..750G. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1989)070<0750:DKSTWI>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1520-0477.
- See:
  - Airy, G. B. (1838). "On the intensity of light in the neighbourhood of a caustic". Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 6 (3): 379–403. Bibcode:1838TCaPS...6..379A.
  - Nussenzveig, H. Moyses (1977). "The Theory of the Rainbow". Scientific American. 236 (4): 116. Bibcode:1977SciAm.236d.116N. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0477-116.
  physics.harvard.edu
  - Anon (29 March 2004). "Solution, Week 81, Rainbows" (PDF). Harvard University Department of Physics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
  sciencedemonstrations.fas.harvard.edu
  - “Florence's Rainbow”, Harvard Natural Sciences Lecture Demonstrations, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine

illinois.edu

van.physics.illinois.edu

Anon (7 November 2014). "Why are rainbows curved as semicircles?". Ask the van. The Board of Trustees at the University of Illinois. Archived from the original on 2 October 2015. Retrieved 13 April 2015.

jimdo.com

photonicsdesign.jimdo.com

Pictures and Raytracings under "Alexander's dark band (or bright band?)", M. Selmke, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine

johncohn.org

"Friday Night – Sleetbow". johncohn.org. 22 December 2012. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 10 February 2021.

machorro.net

optica.machorro.net

Walker, Jearl (1977). "How to create and observe a dozen rainbows in a single drop of water". Scientific American. 237 (July): 138–144 + 154. Bibcode:1977SciAm.237a.138W. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0777-138. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2011.

metoffice.gov.uk

"Rainbows". Met Office. Retrieved 28 October 2024.

mistholme.com

"Rainbow", mistholme.com, archived from the original on 21 October 2019, retrieved 21 October 2019

mit.edu

classics.mit.edu

"The Internet Classics Archive – Meteorology by Aristotle". classics.mit.edu. Archived from the original on 18 February 2014.

nasa.gov

apod.nasa.gov

"APOD: 2014 September 30 – A Full Circle Rainbow over Australia". apod.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 25 January 2015.
Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (12 September 2007). "Six Rainbows Across Norway". Astronomy Picture of the Day. NASA. Retrieved 7 June 2007.

science.nasa.gov

Science@NASA. "Rainbows on Titan". Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 25 November 2008.

nationalgeographic.org

education.nationalgeographic.org

"Rainbow". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 20 May 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2023.

newscientist.com

"Short Sharp Science: First ever image of fourth-order rainbow". www.newscientist.com. Archived from the original on 11 July 2017.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Rosch Heider, Eleanor (1972). "Universals in color naming and memory". Journal of Experimental Psychology. 93 (1): 10–20. doi:10.1037/h0032606. ISSN 0022-1015. PMID 5013326.
Roberson, Debi; Davies, Ian; Davidoff, Jules (September 2000). "Color categories are not universal: Replications and new evidence from a stone-age culture" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 129 (3): 369–398. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.129.3.369. PMID 11006906. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 May 2020. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
See:
- Haußmann, Alexander (February 2015). "Observation, analysis, and reconstruction of a twinned rainbow". Applied Optics. 54 (4): B117–B127. Bibcode:2015ApOpt..54B.117H. doi:10.1364/AO.54.00B117. PMID 25967817.
- Großmann, Michael; Schmidt, Elmar; Haußmann, Alexander (1 October 2011). "Photographic evidence for the third-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F134–F141. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.134G. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F134. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016237. S2CID 796963.
- Theusner, Michael (1 October 2011). "Photographic observation of a natural fourth-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F129–F133. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.129T. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F129. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016236. S2CID 20238055.

philiplaven.com

Philip Laven (4 August 2012). "Circular rainbows". Philiplaven.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.

polarization.com

"Rainbow – A polarized arch?". Polarization.com. Archived from the original on 9 September 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Sadeghi, Iman; Munoz, Adolfo; Laven, Philip; Jarosz, Wojciech; Seron, Francisco; Gutierrez, Diego; Jensen, Henrik Wann (2012). "Physically-based simulation of rainbows" (PDF). ACM Transactions on Graphics. 31: 1–12. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.296.3051. doi:10.1145/2077341.2077344. S2CID 6774839. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2019.

researchgate.net

See:
- Haußmann, Alexander (February 2015). "Observation, analysis, and reconstruction of a twinned rainbow". Applied Optics. 54 (4): B117–B127. Bibcode:2015ApOpt..54B.117H. doi:10.1364/AO.54.00B117. PMID 25967817.

sciencealert.com

"WATCH: This Is Not a Rainbow". ScienceAlert. 29 October 2014. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2020.

sciencedaily.com

"Triple Rainbows Exist, Photo Evidence Shows, ScienceDaily.com, Oct. 5, 2011". Sciencedaily.com. 6 October 2011. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Sadeghi, Iman; Munoz, Adolfo; Laven, Philip; Jarosz, Wojciech; Seron, Francisco; Gutierrez, Diego; Jensen, Henrik Wann (2012). "Physically-based simulation of rainbows" (PDF). ACM Transactions on Graphics. 31: 1–12. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.296.3051. doi:10.1145/2077341.2077344. S2CID 6774839. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
Großmann, Michael; Schmidt, Elmar; Haußmann, Alexander (1 October 2011). "Photographic evidence for the third-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F134–F141. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.134G. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F134. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016237. S2CID 796963.
Theusner, Michael (1 October 2011). "Photographic observation of a natural fourth-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F129–F133. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.129T. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F129. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016236. S2CID 20238055.
Lindberg, David C (Summer 1966). "Roger Bacon's Theory of the Rainbow: Progress or Regress?". Isis. 57 (2): 235. doi:10.1086/350116. S2CID 170749000.
Boyer, Carl B. (1952). "Descartes and the Radius of the Rainbow". Isis. 43 (2): 95–98. doi:10.1086/349399. S2CID 145493641.
Blust, Robert (June 2021). "Pointing, Rainbows, and the Archaeology of Mind". Anthropos. 116: 145–161. doi:10.5771/0257-9774-2021-1-145. S2CID 236605041. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2021.

st-and.ac.uk

www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk

O'Connor, J.J.; Robertson, E.F. (November 1999). "Kamal al-Din Abu'l Hasan Muhammad Al-Farisi". MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews. Archived from the original on 25 March 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2007.

st-andrews.ac.uk

www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk

O'Connor, J.J.; Robertson, E.F. (January 2000). "Sir Isaac Newton". University of St. Andrews. Archived from the original on 10 June 2007. Retrieved 19 June 2007.

the-triton.com

"Science of rainbows explains much, steals the magic not at all". Triton. Retrieved 28 October 2024.

thenakedscientists.com

"Does latitude affect the frequency of "double rainbows"? | Naked Science Forum see Reply #2 on: 07/05/2008". www.thenakedscientists.com. Retrieved 28 October 2024.

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

Smith, s.v. Iris Archived 14 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine.

ucar.edu

eo.ucar.edu

"About Rainbows". Eo.ucar.edu. Archived from the original on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.

ucsb.edu

scienceline.ucsb.edu

"UCSB Science Line". scienceline.ucsb.edu. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2023.

ucsd.edu

graphics.ucsd.edu

Sadeghi, Iman; Munoz, Adolfo; Laven, Philip; Jarosz, Wojciech; Seron, Francisco; Gutierrez, Diego; Jensen, Henrik Wann (2012). "Physically-based simulation of rainbows" (PDF). ACM Transactions on Graphics. 31: 1–12. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.296.3051. doi:10.1145/2077341.2077344. S2CID 6774839. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2019.

umn.edu

www1.umn.edu

Allchin, Douglas. "Newton's Colors". SHiPS Resource Center. Archived from the original on 29 September 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2010.

usatoday.com

usatoday30.usatoday.com

"USATODAY.com – Look down on the rainbow". usatoday30.usatoday.com. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 30 October 2013.

weatherquesting.com

"Why is the inside of a rainbow brighter than the outside sky?". WeatherQuesting. Archived from the original on 28 May 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.

weatherscapes.com

"Observations of the quinary rainbow". www.weatherscapes.com. Archived from the original on 3 January 2015.

web.archive.org

Tony Buick (2010). The Rainbow Sky: An Exploration of Colors in the Solar System and Beyond. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 200. ISBN 9781441910530. Archived from the original on 22 June 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
"Rainbow". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 20 May 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2023.
Masters, Jeff (14 April 2005). "The 360-degree Rainbow". Weather Underground. The Weather Company. Archived from the original on 29 January 2015.
Walklet, Keith S. (2006). "Lunar Rainbows – When to View and How to Photograph a "Moonbow"". The Ansel Adams Gallery. Archived from the original on 25 May 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
"Why is the inside of a rainbow brighter than the outside sky?". WeatherQuesting. Archived from the original on 28 May 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
"Rainbow – A polarized arch?". Polarization.com. Archived from the original on 9 September 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
"Understand the science of appearance of different colors of the rainbow". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2014. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
Allchin, Douglas. "Newton's Colors". SHiPS Resource Center. Archived from the original on 29 September 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
Hutchison, Niels (2004). "Music For Measure: On the 300th Anniversary of Newton's Opticks". Colour Music. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
"WATCH: This Is Not a Rainbow". ScienceAlert. 29 October 2014. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
"UCSB Science Line". scienceline.ucsb.edu. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
Roberson, Debi; Davies, Ian; Davidoff, Jules (September 2000). "Color categories are not universal: Replications and new evidence from a stone-age culture" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 129 (3): 369–398. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.129.3.369. PMID 11006906. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 May 2020. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
"About Rainbows". Eo.ucar.edu. Archived from the original on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
Anon (7 November 2014). "Why are rainbows curved as semicircles?". Ask the van. The Board of Trustees at the University of Illinois. Archived from the original on 2 October 2015. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
"How to see a whole circle rainbow – EarthSky.org". earthsky.org. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013.
"USATODAY.com – Look down on the rainbow". usatoday30.usatoday.com. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
Anon (29 March 2004). "Solution, Week 81, Rainbows" (PDF). Harvard University Department of Physics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
Sadeghi, Iman; Munoz, Adolfo; Laven, Philip; Jarosz, Wojciech; Seron, Francisco; Gutierrez, Diego; Jensen, Henrik Wann (2012). "Physically-based simulation of rainbows" (PDF). ACM Transactions on Graphics. 31: 1–12. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.296.3051. doi:10.1145/2077341.2077344. S2CID 6774839. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
"Triple-split rainbow observed and photographed in Japan, August 2012". blog.meteoros.de. 12 March 2015. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
"Can you ever see the whole circle of a rainbow? | Earth". EarthSky. 15 December 2012. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
Philip Laven (4 August 2012). "Circular rainbows". Philiplaven.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
"APOD: 2014 September 30 – A Full Circle Rainbow over Australia". apod.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 25 January 2015.
"Atmospheric Optics: Reflection rainbows formation". Atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
"Dawn Red Rainbows Arizona – OPOD". atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
"Triple Rainbows Exist, Photo Evidence Shows, ScienceDaily.com, Oct. 5, 2011". Sciencedaily.com. 6 October 2011. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
"Short Sharp Science: First ever image of fourth-order rainbow". www.newscientist.com. Archived from the original on 11 July 2017.
"Observations of the quinary rainbow". www.weatherscapes.com. Archived from the original on 3 January 2015.
Walker, Jearl (1977). "How to create and observe a dozen rainbows in a single drop of water". Scientific American. 237 (July): 138–144 + 154. Bibcode:1977SciAm.237a.138W. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0777-138. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
"Moonbow – Lunar Rainbow". www.atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
"Moonbow – Lunar Rainbow". www.atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
Les Cowley. Observing Halos – Getting Started Atmospheric Optics Archived 3 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 3 December 2013.
"Friday Night – Sleetbow". johncohn.org. 22 December 2012. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
"Circumzenithal Arc". www.atoptics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
Science@NASA. "Rainbows on Titan". Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 25 November 2008.
"The Internet Classics Archive – Meteorology by Aristotle". classics.mit.edu. Archived from the original on 18 February 2014.
O'Connor, J.J.; Robertson, E.F. (November 1999). "Kamal al-Din Abu'l Hasan Muhammad Al-Farisi". MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews. Archived from the original on 25 March 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
Davidson, Michael W. (1 August 2003). "Roger Bacon (1214–1294)". Florida State University. Archived from the original on 30 August 2006. Retrieved 10 August 2006.
O'Connor, J.J.; Robertson, E.F. (January 2000). "Sir Isaac Newton". University of St. Andrews. Archived from the original on 10 June 2007. Retrieved 19 June 2007.
G. Mie (1908) "Beiträge zur Optik trüber Medien, speziell kolloidaler Metallösungen" Archived 2 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine (Contributions to the optics of turbid media, especially of colloidal metal solutions), Annalen der Physik, 4th series, 25 (3): 377–445.
“Florence's Rainbow”, Harvard Natural Sciences Lecture Demonstrations, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine
“Rainbow: Refraction of white light by a liquid sphere.”, U.C. Berkeley Physics Lecture Demonstrations, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine
“The Rainbow,”J.B. Calvert, link Archived 24 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved 10 January 2016
“Revisiting the round bottom flask rainbow experiment.”, M. Selmke and S. Selmke, arXiv, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine
Pictures and Raytracings under "Alexander's dark band (or bright band?)", M. Selmke, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine
“Primary and Secondary Bow of a Rainbow”, U.C. Berkeley Physics Lecture Demonstrations, link Archived 8 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine
Smith, s.v. Iris Archived 14 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine.
"Rainbow", mistholme.com, archived from the original on 21 October 2019, retrieved 21 October 2019
Blust, Robert (June 2021). "Pointing, Rainbows, and the Archaeology of Mind". Anthropos. 116: 145–161. doi:10.5771/0257-9774-2021-1-145. S2CID 236605041. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
"Saudi authorities seize rainbow toys for promoting homosexuality". BBC News. 15 June 2022. Archived from the original on 7 September 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022.

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

G. Mie (1908) "Beiträge zur Optik trüber Medien, speziell kolloidaler Metallösungen" Archived 2 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine (Contributions to the optics of turbid media, especially of colloidal metal solutions), Annalen der Physik, 4th series, 25 (3): 377–445.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Rosch Heider, Eleanor (1972). "Universals in color naming and memory". Journal of Experimental Psychology. 93 (1): 10–20. doi:10.1037/h0032606. ISSN 0022-1015. PMID 5013326.
Großmann, Michael; Schmidt, Elmar; Haußmann, Alexander (1 October 2011). "Photographic evidence for the third-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F134–F141. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.134G. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F134. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016237. S2CID 796963.
Theusner, Michael (1 October 2011). "Photographic observation of a natural fourth-order rainbow". Applied Optics. 50 (28): F129–F133. Bibcode:2011ApOpt..50F.129T. doi:10.1364/AO.50.00F129. ISSN 1559-128X. PMID 22016236. S2CID 20238055.
Gedzelman, Stanley David (1989). "Did Kepler's Supplement to Witelo Inspire Descartes' Theory of the Rainbow?". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 70 (7): 750–751. Bibcode:1989BAMS...70..750G. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1989)070<0750:DKSTWI>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1520-0477.

wunderground.com

Masters, Jeff (14 April 2005). "The 360-degree Rainbow". Weather Underground. The Weather Company. Archived from the original on 29 January 2015.

x10host.com

colourmusic.x10host.com

Hutchison, Niels (2004). "Music For Measure: On the 300th Anniversary of Newton's Opticks". Colour Music. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2023.

Rainbow (English Wikipedia)

anseladams.com

anthropos.eu

archive.today

arxiv.org

atoptics.co.uk

atoptics.wordpress.com

bbc.com

berkeleyphysicsdemos.net

books.google.com

britannica.com

doi.org

du.edu

mysite.du.edu

earthsky.org

essex.ac.uk

repository.essex.ac.uk

fsu.edu

micro.magnet.fsu.edu

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

physics.harvard.edu

sciencedemonstrations.fas.harvard.edu

illinois.edu

van.physics.illinois.edu

jimdo.com

photonicsdesign.jimdo.com

johncohn.org

machorro.net

optica.machorro.net

metoffice.gov.uk

mistholme.com

mit.edu

classics.mit.edu

nasa.gov

apod.nasa.gov

science.nasa.gov

nationalgeographic.org

education.nationalgeographic.org

newscientist.com

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

philiplaven.com

polarization.com

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

researchgate.net

sciencealert.com

sciencedaily.com

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

st-and.ac.uk

www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk

st-andrews.ac.uk

www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk

the-triton.com

thenakedscientists.com

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

ucar.edu

eo.ucar.edu

ucsb.edu

scienceline.ucsb.edu

ucsd.edu

graphics.ucsd.edu

umn.edu

www1.umn.edu

usatoday.com

usatoday30.usatoday.com

weatherquesting.com

weatherscapes.com

web.archive.org

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

wunderground.com

x10host.com

colourmusic.x10host.com