Fry, Bryan G.; Lumsden, Natalie G.; Wüster, Wolfgang; Wickramaratna, Janith C.; Hodgson, Wayne C.; Kini, R. Manjunatha (1 October 2003). "Isolation of a neurotoxin (alpha-colubritoxin) from a nonvenomous colubrid: evidence for early origin of venom in snakes". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 57 (4): 446–452. doi:10.1007/s00239-003-2497-3. ISSN0022-2844. PMID14708577. S2CID21055188.
Bickford, David; Howard, Sam D.; Ng, Daniel J.J.; Sheridan, Jennifer A. (April 2010). "Effects of Climate Change on the amphibians and reptiles of Southeast Asia". Biodiversity and Conservation. 19 (4): 1043–1062. doi:10.1007/s10531-010-9782-4. S2CID4462980.
Weatherhead, Patrick J.; Sperry, Jinelle H.; Cargagno, Gerardo L.F.; Blouin-Demers, Gabriel (July 2012). "Latitudinal variation in thermal ecology of North American ratsnakes and its implications for the effect of climate warming on snakes". Journal of Thermal Biology. 37 (4): 273–281. doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2011.03.008.
Blouin-Demers, Gabriel; Weatherhead, Patrick J. (1 November 2001). "Thermal Ecology of Black Rat Snakes (Elaphe Obsoleta) in a Thermally Challenging Environment". Ecology. 82 (11): 3025–3043. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[3025:teobrs]2.0.co;2. ISSN1939-9170.
Weatherhead, Patrick J.; Sperry, Jinelle H.; Carfagno, Gerardo L.F.; Blouin-Demers, Gabriel (2012). "Latitudinal variation in thermal ecology of North American ratsnakes and its implications for the effect of climate warming on snakes". Journal of Thermal Biology. 37 (4): 273–281. doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2011.03.008.
Blouin-Demers, Gabriel; Prior, Kent A.; Weatherhead, Patrick J. (1 January 2002). "Comparative demography of black rat snakes (Elaphe obsoleta) in Ontario and Maryland". Journal of Zoology. 256 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1017/s0952836902000018. ISSN1469-7998. S2CID85958037.
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Crother BI, et al. (2008) Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico: 6th edition. Herp. Rev. 37, pp. 58–59. or see pp. 64 ff in the 7th edition.
illinois.edu
news.aces.illinois.edu
Larson, Debra Levey. "Global warming beneficial to ratsnakes". ACES Illinois. College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
nih.gov
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Fry, Bryan G.; Lumsden, Natalie G.; Wüster, Wolfgang; Wickramaratna, Janith C.; Hodgson, Wayne C.; Kini, R. Manjunatha (1 October 2003). "Isolation of a neurotoxin (alpha-colubritoxin) from a nonvenomous colubrid: evidence for early origin of venom in snakes". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 57 (4): 446–452. doi:10.1007/s00239-003-2497-3. ISSN0022-2844. PMID14708577. S2CID21055188.
Fry, Bryan G.; Lumsden, Natalie G.; Wüster, Wolfgang; Wickramaratna, Janith C.; Hodgson, Wayne C.; Kini, R. Manjunatha (1 October 2003). "Isolation of a neurotoxin (alpha-colubritoxin) from a nonvenomous colubrid: evidence for early origin of venom in snakes". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 57 (4): 446–452. doi:10.1007/s00239-003-2497-3. ISSN0022-2844. PMID14708577. S2CID21055188.
Bickford, David; Howard, Sam D.; Ng, Daniel J.J.; Sheridan, Jennifer A. (April 2010). "Effects of Climate Change on the amphibians and reptiles of Southeast Asia". Biodiversity and Conservation. 19 (4): 1043–1062. doi:10.1007/s10531-010-9782-4. S2CID4462980.
Blouin-Demers, Gabriel; Prior, Kent A.; Weatherhead, Patrick J. (1 January 2002). "Comparative demography of black rat snakes (Elaphe obsoleta) in Ontario and Maryland". Journal of Zoology. 256 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1017/s0952836902000018. ISSN1469-7998. S2CID85958037.
Fry, Bryan G.; Lumsden, Natalie G.; Wüster, Wolfgang; Wickramaratna, Janith C.; Hodgson, Wayne C.; Kini, R. Manjunatha (1 October 2003). "Isolation of a neurotoxin (alpha-colubritoxin) from a nonvenomous colubrid: evidence for early origin of venom in snakes". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 57 (4): 446–452. doi:10.1007/s00239-003-2497-3. ISSN0022-2844. PMID14708577. S2CID21055188.
Blouin-Demers, Gabriel; Weatherhead, Patrick J. (1 November 2001). "Thermal Ecology of Black Rat Snakes (Elaphe Obsoleta) in a Thermally Challenging Environment". Ecology. 82 (11): 3025–3043. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[3025:teobrs]2.0.co;2. ISSN1939-9170.
Blouin-Demers, Gabriel; Prior, Kent A.; Weatherhead, Patrick J. (1 January 2002). "Comparative demography of black rat snakes (Elaphe obsoleta) in Ontario and Maryland". Journal of Zoology. 256 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1017/s0952836902000018. ISSN1469-7998. S2CID85958037.