Readability (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Readability" in English language version.

Last modified: 07:26:47, 20 July 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

Global rank English rank

1815doi.org

2^nd place

86aclweb.org

low place

75semanticscholar.org

15^th place

8^th place

54arxiv.org

49^th place

31^st place

44worldcat.org

4^th place

42ed.gov

318^th place

138^th place

33nih.gov

5^th place

22proquest.com

121^st place

59^th place

21books.google.com

3^rd place

11renlearn.com

low place

11acm.org

1,200^th place

821^st place

11aclanthology.org

low place

8,900^th place

aclanthology.org (Global: low place; English: 8,900^th place)

Lee, Bruce W.; Jang, Yoo Sung; Lee, Jason Hyung-Jong (November 2021). "Pushing on Text Readability Assessment: A Transformer Meets Handcrafted Linguistic Features". Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. EMNLP '21. pp. 10669–10686. arXiv:2109.12258. doi:10.18653/v1/2021.emnlp-main.834. S2CID 237940206.

aclweb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Xia, Menglin; Kochmar, Ekaterina; Briscoe, Ted (June 2016). "Text Readability Assessment for Second Language Learners". Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications: 12–22. arXiv:1906.07580. doi:10.18653/v1/W16-0502.
Lee, Bruce W.; Lee, Jason (Dec 2020). "LXPER Index 2.0: Improving Text Readability Assessment Model for L2 English Students in Korea". Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Natural Language Processing Techniques for Educational Applications: 20–24. arXiv:2010.13374. doi:10.18653/v1/2020.nlptea-1.3.
Feng, Lijun; Jansche, Martin; Huernerfauth, Matt; Elhadad, Noémie (August 2010). "A Comparison of Features for Automatic Readability Assessment". Coling 2010: Posters: 276–284.
Vajjala, Sowmya; Meurers, Detmar (June 2012). "On Improving the Accuracy of Readability Classification using Insights from Second Language Acquisition". Proceedings of the Seventh Workshop on Building Educational Applications Using NLP: 163–173.
Pitler, Emily; Nenkova, Ani (October 2008). "Revisiting Readability: A Unified Framework for Predicting Text Quality". Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: 186–195.
Deutsch, Tovly; Jasbi, Masoud; Shieber, Stuart (July 2020). "Linguistic Features for Readability Assessment". Proceedings of the Fifteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications: 1–17. arXiv:2006.00377. doi:10.18653/v1/2020.bea-1.1.

acm.org (Global: 1,200^th place; English: 821^st place)

dl.acm.org

Feng, Lijun; Elhadad, Noémie; Huenerfauth, Matt (March 2009). "Cognitively motivated features for readability assessment". Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on – EACL '09. pp. 229–237. doi:10.3115/1609067.1609092. S2CID 13888774.

arxiv.org (Global: 49^th place; English: 31^st place)

Xia, Menglin; Kochmar, Ekaterina; Briscoe, Ted (June 2016). "Text Readability Assessment for Second Language Learners". Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications: 12–22. arXiv:1906.07580. doi:10.18653/v1/W16-0502.
Lee, Bruce W.; Lee, Jason (Dec 2020). "LXPER Index 2.0: Improving Text Readability Assessment Model for L2 English Students in Korea". Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Natural Language Processing Techniques for Educational Applications: 20–24. arXiv:2010.13374. doi:10.18653/v1/2020.nlptea-1.3.
Deutsch, Tovly; Jasbi, Masoud; Shieber, Stuart (July 2020). "Linguistic Features for Readability Assessment". Proceedings of the Fifteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications: 1–17. arXiv:2006.00377. doi:10.18653/v1/2020.bea-1.1.
Lee, Bruce W.; Jang, Yoo Sung; Lee, Jason Hyung-Jong (November 2021). "Pushing on Text Readability Assessment: A Transformer Meets Handcrafted Linguistic Features". Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. EMNLP '21. pp. 10669–10686. arXiv:2109.12258. doi:10.18653/v1/2021.emnlp-main.834. S2CID 237940206.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Choldin, M.T. (1979), "Rubakin, Nikolai Aleksandrovic", in Kent, Allen; Lancour, Harold; Nasri, William Z.; Daily, Jay Elwood (eds.), Encyclopedia of library and information science, vol. 26 (illustrated ed.), CRC Press, pp. 178–179, ISBN 978-0-8247-2026-1

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

doi.org

Link to external site, this link will open in a new tab; Link to external site, this link will open in a new tab (2023). "Text Simplification to Specific Readability Levels". Mathematics. 11 (9): 2063. doi:10.3390/math11092063. ProQuest 2812618745.
Fusaro, Joseph A. (September 1988). "Applying statistical rigor to a validation study of the fry readability graph". Reading Research and Instruction. 28 (1): 44–48. doi:10.1080/19388078809557957. ISSN 0886-0246.
Elek-BenMoshe, Frida; Rafaeli, Sheizaf (2025-06-01). "Readability of online government information about welfare rights and benefits: the Israeli case". Universal Access in the Information Society. 24 (2): 1659–1671. doi:10.1007/s10209-024-01167-2. ISSN 1615-5297.
Antunes, H., Lopes, C.T. (2019). Analyzing the Adequacy of Readability Indicators to a Non-English Language. In: Crestani, F., et al. Experimental IR Meets Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Interaction. CLEF 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11696. Springer, Cham. url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28577-7_10
Crossley, S; Heintz, A; Choi, J; Batchler, J; Karimi, M; Malatinszky, A (2023). "A large-scaled corpus for assessing text readability". Behavior Research Methods. 55 (2): 491–507. doi:10.3758/s13428-022-01802-x. PMC 10027808. PMID 35297016.
He, Shumin 1 1 Country Garden Experimental School (2023). "Exploration of Incidental Vocabulary Learning Strategies from Different Modes to Acquire Vocabulary". The Educational Review. 7 (7): 927–932. doi:10.26855/er.2023.07.014. ProQuest 2866467078.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Xia, Menglin; Kochmar, Ekaterina; Briscoe, Ted (June 2016). "Text Readability Assessment for Second Language Learners". Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications: 12–22. arXiv:1906.07580. doi:10.18653/v1/W16-0502.
Lee, Bruce W.; Lee, Jason (Dec 2020). "LXPER Index 2.0: Improving Text Readability Assessment Model for L2 English Students in Korea". Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Natural Language Processing Techniques for Educational Applications: 20–24. arXiv:2010.13374. doi:10.18653/v1/2020.nlptea-1.3.
Gibson, Edward (1998). "Linguistic complexity: locality of syntactic dependencies". Cognition. 68 (1): 1–76. doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00034-1. PMID 9775516. S2CID 377292.
Collins-Thompson, Kevyn (2015). "Computational assessment of text readability: A survey of current and future research". International Journal of Applied Linguistics. 165 (2): 97–135. doi:10.1075/itl.165.2.01col. S2CID 17571866.
Feng, Lijun; Elhadad, Noémie; Huenerfauth, Matt (March 2009). "Cognitively motivated features for readability assessment". Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on – EACL '09. pp. 229–237. doi:10.3115/1609067.1609092. S2CID 13888774.
Xu, Wei; Callison-Burch, Chris; Napoles, Courtney (2015). "Problems in Current Text Simplification Research: New Data Can Help". Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 3: 283–297. doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00139. S2CID 17817489.
Deutsch, Tovly; Jasbi, Masoud; Shieber, Stuart (July 2020). "Linguistic Features for Readability Assessment". Proceedings of the Fifteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications: 1–17. arXiv:2006.00377. doi:10.18653/v1/2020.bea-1.1.
Lee, Bruce W.; Jang, Yoo Sung; Lee, Jason Hyung-Jong (November 2021). "Pushing on Text Readability Assessment: A Transformer Meets Handcrafted Linguistic Features". Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. EMNLP '21. pp. 10669–10686. arXiv:2109.12258. doi:10.18653/v1/2021.emnlp-main.834. S2CID 237940206.

dx.doi.org

Fusaro, Joseph A. (September 1988). "Applying statistical rigor to a validation study of the fry readability graph". Reading Research and Instruction. 28 (1): 44–48. doi:10.1080/19388078809557957. ISSN 0886-0246.

ed.gov (Global: 318^th place; English: 138^th place)

eric.ed.gov

DuBay, William H. (2007). Smart language: readers, readability, and the grading of text. Costa Mesa, CA: Impact Information. ISBN 1-4196-5439-X.

files.eric.ed.gov

The Classic Readability Studies, William H. DuBay, Editor (chapter on Washburne, C. i M. Vogel. 1928).

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Crossley, S; Heintz, A; Choi, J; Batchler, J; Karimi, M; Malatinszky, A (2023). "A large-scaled corpus for assessing text readability". Behavior Research Methods. 55 (2): 491–507. doi:10.3758/s13428-022-01802-x. PMC 10027808. PMID 35297016.
Gibson, Edward (1998). "Linguistic complexity: locality of syntactic dependencies". Cognition. 68 (1): 1–76. doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00034-1. PMID 9775516. S2CID 377292.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Crossley, S; Heintz, A; Choi, J; Batchler, J; Karimi, M; Malatinszky, A (2023). "A large-scaled corpus for assessing text readability". Behavior Research Methods. 55 (2): 491–507. doi:10.3758/s13428-022-01802-x. PMC 10027808. PMID 35297016.

proquest.com (Global: 121^st place; English: 59^th place)

Link to external site, this link will open in a new tab; Link to external site, this link will open in a new tab (2023). "Text Simplification to Specific Readability Levels". Mathematics. 11 (9): 2063. doi:10.3390/math11092063. ProQuest 2812618745.
He, Shumin 1 1 Country Garden Experimental School (2023). "Exploration of Incidental Vocabulary Learning Strategies from Different Modes to Acquire Vocabulary". The Educational Review. 7 (7): 927–932. doi:10.26855/er.2023.07.014. ProQuest 2866467078.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

renlearn.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Paul, T. 2003. Guided independent reading. Madison, WI: School Renaissance Institute, Inc. http://www.renlearn.com/GIRP2008.pdf

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Gibson, Edward (1998). "Linguistic complexity: locality of syntactic dependencies". Cognition. 68 (1): 1–76. doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00034-1. PMID 9775516. S2CID 377292.
Collins-Thompson, Kevyn (2015). "Computational assessment of text readability: A survey of current and future research". International Journal of Applied Linguistics. 165 (2): 97–135. doi:10.1075/itl.165.2.01col. S2CID 17571866.
Feng, Lijun; Elhadad, Noémie; Huenerfauth, Matt (March 2009). "Cognitively motivated features for readability assessment". Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on – EACL '09. pp. 229–237. doi:10.3115/1609067.1609092. S2CID 13888774.
Xu, Wei; Callison-Burch, Chris; Napoles, Courtney (2015). "Problems in Current Text Simplification Research: New Data Can Help". Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 3: 283–297. doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00139. S2CID 17817489.
Lee, Bruce W.; Jang, Yoo Sung; Lee, Jason Hyung-Jong (November 2021). "Pushing on Text Readability Assessment: A Transformer Meets Handcrafted Linguistic Features". Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. EMNLP '21. pp. 10669–10686. arXiv:2109.12258. doi:10.18653/v1/2021.emnlp-main.834. S2CID 237940206.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Fusaro, Joseph A. (September 1988). "Applying statistical rigor to a validation study of the fry readability graph". Reading Research and Instruction. 28 (1): 44–48. doi:10.1080/19388078809557957. ISSN 0886-0246.
Elek-BenMoshe, Frida; Rafaeli, Sheizaf (2025-06-01). "Readability of online government information about welfare rights and benefits: the Israeli case". Universal Access in the Information Society. 24 (2): 1659–1671. doi:10.1007/s10209-024-01167-2. ISSN 1615-5297.
Flesch, R. (1949). The Art of Readable Writing. New York: Harper. OCLC 318542.
Flesch, R. (1949). The Art of Readable Writing. New York: Harper. OCLC 318542.

Readability (English Wikipedia)

aclanthology.org (Global: low place; English: 8,900th place)

aclweb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

acm.org (Global: 1,200th place; English: 821st place)

dl.acm.org

arxiv.org (Global: 49th place; English: 31st place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

doi.org

dx.doi.org

ed.gov (Global: 318th place; English: 138th place)

eric.ed.gov

files.eric.ed.gov

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

proquest.com (Global: 121st place; English: 59th place)

renlearn.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

aclanthology.org (Global: low place; English: 8,900^th place)

acm.org (Global: 1,200^th place; English: 821^st place)

arxiv.org (Global: 49^th place; English: 31^st place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

ed.gov (Global: 318^th place; English: 138^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

proquest.com (Global: 121^st place; English: 59^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)