Andrew K. Frank (2012). "Creeks". In Spencer Tucker; James R. Arnold; Roberta Wiener (eds.). The Encyclopedia of the War of 1812: A Political, Social, and Military History. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. p. 169. ISBN978-1-85109-956-6.
John R. Burch Jr. (2015). "Horseshoe Bend, Battle of (1814)". In Chris J. Magoc; David Bernstein (eds.). Imperialism and Expansionism in American History: A Social, Political, and Cultural Encyclopedia and Document Collection. Vol. 2. ABC-CLIO. p. 399. ISBN978-1-61069-430-8.
Davis, Karl (2002). "'Remember Fort Mims': Reinterpreting the Origins of the Creek War". Journal of the Early Republic. 22 (4): 611–636. doi:10.2307/3124760. JSTOR3124760.
Frank, Andrew K. (2002). "The Rise and Fall of William McIntosh: Authority and Identity on the Early American Frontier". The Georgia Historical Quarterly. 86 (1): 18–48. ISSN0016-8297. JSTOR40584639.
Mahon, John K. (1966). "British Strategy and Southern Indians: War of 1812". The Florida Historical Quarterly. 44 (4): 285–302. ISSN0015-4113. JSTOR30147227.
Davis, Karl (2002). "'Remember Fort Mims': Reinterpreting the Origins of the Creek War". Journal of the Early Republic. 22 (4): 611–636. doi:10.2307/3124760. JSTOR3124760.
Kanon, Thomas (1999). "'a Slow, Laborious Slaughter': The Battle of Horseshoe Bend". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 58 (1): 2–15. ISSN0040-3261. JSTOR42627446.
Frank, Andrew K. (2002). "The Rise and Fall of William McIntosh: Authority and Identity on the Early American Frontier". The Georgia Historical Quarterly. 86 (1): 18–48. ISSN0016-8297. JSTOR40584639.
Mahon, John K. (1966). "British Strategy and Southern Indians: War of 1812". The Florida Historical Quarterly. 44 (4): 285–302. ISSN0015-4113. JSTOR30147227.
Kanon, Thomas (1999). "'a Slow, Laborious Slaughter': The Battle of Horseshoe Bend". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 58 (1): 2–15. ISSN0040-3261. JSTOR42627446.