Juliá (1999), p. 68-69
"Everyone understood that resorting to arms to seize power was once again permitted; the image of the revolutionary committees, the insurrectionary military and the people in the street, united in their common purpose against the King, regained its tarnished prestige." Juliá, Santos (1999). Un siglo de España. Política y sociedad (in Spanish). Madrid: Marcial Pons. ISBN84-9537903-1.
Juliá (1999), p. 69-70"Not that the caciques had disappeared, but that caciquismo ceased to be the social fabric on which political power was built. The caciques were still there, and they could manipulate the rural vote, but if the ballot boxes were reopened, the majorities would express themselves in the cities, where cacique manipulation encountered greater obstacles" Juliá, Santos (1999). Un siglo de España. Política y sociedad (in Spanish). Madrid: Marcial Pons. ISBN84-9537903-1.
Juliá (1999), p. 70"It is significant that the personalities of industrial and mercantile life consulted about their possible participation as candidates in the elections, that General Berenguer took a year to call, responded negatively when they learned that the Republican and Socialist opposition would abstain." Juliá, Santos (1999). Un siglo de España. Política y sociedad (in Spanish). Madrid: Marcial Pons. ISBN84-9537903-1.
Juliá (1999), p. 71"With the military, something similar happened to King Alfonso XIII to what had happened with the politicians. His personal taste for command, the conception of his function as a "soldier king", the colonial adventures, his recourse to the army to maintain public order and the decisive step of using the military corporation for the government of the State ended up creating in broad military sectors a widespread disaffection if not a clear hostility towards the monarch. The artillery never again showed loyalty to the King." Juliá, Santos (1999). Un siglo de España. Política y sociedad (in Spanish). Madrid: Marcial Pons. ISBN84-9537903-1.
Juliá (1999), p. 71-72"After the Great War, the elements that make up the civic culture began to spread: [[demand for greater representation, and for the eradication of electoral corruption and clientelism, advanced process of secularization of life and loss in the urban sphere of the traditional values of deference linked to the power of the Church and the aristocracy, appearance of the first mass parties [the Carlist, the radical, the socialist, the Lliga or the PNV] and of large unions [CNT and UGT], public presence of intellectual elites. The Restoration, on the contrary, could only be sustained in a predominantly rural society, with thousands of isolated population centers, with a limited national market and, above all, with a small and poorly organized urban middle class and working class". Juliá, Santos (1999). Un siglo de España. Política y sociedad (in Spanish). Madrid: Marcial Pons. ISBN84-9537903-1.
Juliá (1999), p. 69"Everyone understood that resorting to arms to seize power was again permitted; the image of the revolutionary committees and the people in the street, united in their common purpose against the King regained its tarnished prestige." Juliá, Santos (1999). Un siglo de España. Política y sociedad (in Spanish). Madrid: Marcial Pons. ISBN84-9537903-1.
