Religiosity and intelligence (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Religiosity and intelligence" in English language version.

Last modified: 14:48:39, 27 August 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

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4330doi.org

2^nd place

2720nih.gov

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95worldcat.org

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76semanticscholar.org

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65adsabs.harvard.edu

14^th place

9^th place

52hdl.handle.net

66^th place

34^th place

53pewresearch.org

1,516^th place

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42researchgate.net

96^th place

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41colorado.edu

2,916^th place

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41apa.org

1,327^th place

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31telegraph.co.uk

40^th place

27^th place

22pewforum.org

1,526^th place

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22web.archive.org

1^st place

21jstor.org

23^rd place

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21gallup.com

3,519^th place

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11acm.org

1,200^th place

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11udel.edu

5,182^nd place

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11archive.org

6^th place

11trincoll.edu

low place

11eur.nl

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9,308^th place

11ubc.ca

1,820^th place

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11caltech.edu

240^th place

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11newsweek.com

371^st place

235^th place

11everydaypsychology.com

low place

11rdcu.be

low place

11economics.harvard.edu

low place

11ncls.org.au

low place

acm.org (Global: 1,200^th place; English: 821^st place)

dl.acm.org

S. Legg; M. Hutter (2007). "A Collection of Definitions of Intelligence". Advances in Artificial General Intelligence: Concepts, Architectures and Algorithms. Vol. 157. IOS Press. pp. 17–24. ISBN 978-1-58603-758-1.

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Dürlinger, Florian; Pietschnig, Jakob (11 February 2022). "Meta-analyzing intelligence and religiosity associations: Evidence from the multiverse". PLOS ONE. 17 (2) e0262699. Bibcode:2022PLoSO..1762699D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262699. PMC 8836311. PMID 35148316.
Gervais, W. M.; Norenzayan, A. (26 April 2012). "Analytic Thinking Promotes Religious Disbelief" (PDF). Science. 336 (6080): 493–496. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..493G. doi:10.1126/science.1215647. PMID 22539725. S2CID 41484144. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
Sanchez, Clinton; Sundermeier, Brian; Gray, Kenneth; Calin-Jageman, Robert J. (24 February 2017). "Direct replication of Gervais & Norenzayan (2012): No evidence that analytic thinking decreases religious belief". PLOS ONE. 12 (2) e0172636. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1272636S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172636. PMC 5325262. PMID 28234942.
Farias, Miguel; van Mulukom, Valerie; Kahane, Guy; Kreplin, Ute; Joyce, Anna; Soares, Pedro; Oviedo, Lluis; Hernu, Mathilde; Rokita, Karolina; Savulescu, Julian; Möttönen, Riikka (8 November 2017). "Supernatural Belief Is Not Modulated by Intuitive Thinking Style or Cognitive Inhibition". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 15100. Bibcode:2017NatSR...715100F. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14090-9. PMC 5678111. PMID 29118434.
Harris, Sam; Kaplan, Jonas T.; Curiel, Ashley; Bookheimer, Susan Y.; Iacoboni, Marco; Cohen, Mark S.; Sporns, Olaf (1 October 2009). "The Neural Correlates of Religious and Nonreligious Belief". PLOS ONE. 4 (10) e7272. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7272H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007272. PMC 2748718. PMID 19794914.

apa.org (Global: 1,327^th place; English: 1,093^rd place)

Shenhav, Amitai; Rand, David G.; Greene, Joshua D. (2011). "Divine Intuition: Cognitive Style Influences Belief in God, by Amitai Shenhav, David G. Rand, and Joshua D. Greene at Harvard University" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Psychology.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Gardner, Howard (1999). Intelligence reframed: multiple intelligences for the 21st century. Basic Books. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-465-02610-4.

caltech.edu (Global: 240^th place; English: 473^rd place)

resolver.caltech.edu

Camerer, Colin F.; Dreber, Anna; Holzmeister, Felix; Ho, Teck-Hua; Huber, Jürgen; Johannesson, Magnus (27 August 2018). "Evaluating the replicability of social science experiments in Nature and Science between 2010 and 2015". Nature Human Behaviour. 2 (9): 637–644. doi:10.1038/s41562-018-0399-z. PMID 31346273.

colorado.edu (Global: 2,916^th place; English: 1,912^th place)

psych.colorado.edu

Neisser, Ulrich; Boodoo, Gwyneth; Bouchard, Thomas J.; Boykin, A. Wade; Brody, Nathan; Ceci, Stephen J.; Halpern, Diane F.; Loehlin, John C.; Perloff, Robert; Sternberg, Robert J.; Urbina, Susana (1996). "Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns" (PDF). American Psychologist. 51 (2): 77–101. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.51.2.77. ISSN 0003-066X. Retrieved 9 October 2014.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Neisser, Ulrich; Boodoo, Gwyneth; Bouchard, Thomas J.; Boykin, A. Wade; Brody, Nathan; Ceci, Stephen J.; Halpern, Diane F.; Loehlin, John C.; Perloff, Robert; Sternberg, Robert J.; Urbina, Susana (1996). "Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns" (PDF). American Psychologist. 51 (2): 77–101. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.51.2.77. ISSN 0003-066X. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
Zuckerman, Miron; Li, Chen; Lin, Shengxin; Hall, Judith A. (15 October 2019). "The Negative Intelligence–Religiosity Relation: New and Confirming Evidence". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 46 (6): 856–868. doi:10.1177/0146167219879122. PMID 31610740. S2CID 204702114.
Lynn, Richard; John Harvey; Helmuth Nyborg (2009). "Average intelligence predicts atheism rates across 137 nations". Intelligence. 37: 11–15. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2008.03.004.
Hale, Frederick (2011). "Religious Disbelief and Intelligence: The Failure of a Contemporary Attempt to Correlate National Mean IQs and Rates of Atheism". Journal for the Study of Religion. 24 (1): 37–53. doi:10.4314/jsr.v24i1.70020. ISSN 1011-7601. JSTOR 24764228.
Dutton, Edward; te Nijenhuis, Jan; Metzen, Daniel; van der Linden, Dimitri; Madison, Guy (June 2020). "The Myth of the Stupid Believer: The Negative Religiousness–IQ Nexus is Not on General Intelligence (g) and is Likely a Product of the Relations Between IQ and Autism Spectrum Traits". Journal of Religion and Health. 59 (3): 1567–1579. doi:10.1007/s10943-019-00926-3. hdl:1765/123177. PMC 7239797. PMID 31587150. We therefore conclude that specialized cognitive abilities and test specificities may play a prospectively larger role in moderating the observed ability differences than g, when ethnically close-matched populations are used.
Dürlinger, Florian; Pietschnig, Jakob (11 February 2022). "Meta-analyzing intelligence and religiosity associations: Evidence from the multiverse". PLOS ONE. 17 (2) e0262699. Bibcode:2022PLoSO..1762699D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262699. PMC 8836311. PMID 35148316.
Zuckerman, Miron; Silberman, Jordan; Hall, Judith A. (2013). "The Relation Between Intelligence and Religiosity: A Meta-Analysis and Some Proposed Explanations". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 17 (4): 325–354. doi:10.1177/1088868313497266. PMID 23921675. S2CID 2815223.
Lewis, Gary J.; Ritchie, Stuart J.; Bates, Timothy C. (November 2011). "The relationship between intelligence and multiple domains of religious belief: Evidence from a large adult US sample". Intelligence. 39 (6): 468–472. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2011.08.002.
Dutton, Edward; Meisenberg, Gerhard (1 April 2021). "Religiosity is Associated with a more Feminine Intelligence profile: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth, 1979". Personality and Individual Differences. 173 110640. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.110640.
Gervais, Will M.; van Elk, Michiel; Xygalatas, Dimitris; McKay, Ryan T.; Aveyard, Mark; Buchtel, Emma E. (May 2018). "Analytic atheism: A cross-culturally weak and fickle phenomenon?". Judgment and Decision Making. 13 (3): 268–274. doi:10.1017/S1930297500007701. hdl:11245.1/01cca8f1-3441-49e1-984f-acb385cbf184.
Gottfredson, Linda S. (1997). "Mainstream Science on Intelligence (editorial)" (PDF). Intelligence. 24: 13–23. doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(97)90011-8. ISSN 0160-2896.
Gardner, Howard (January 2000). "A Case Against Spiritual Intelligence". The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion. 10 (1): 27–34. doi:10.1207/S15327582IJPR1001_3. S2CID 144359180.
Chaves, Mark (March 2010). "SSSR Presidential Address Rain Dances in the Dry Season: Overcoming the Religious Congruence Fallacy". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 49 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2009.01489.x.
Dutton, Edward; Van der Linden, Dimitri (16 May 2017). "Why is Intelligence Negatively Associated with Religiousness?". Evolutionary Psychological Science. 3 (4): 392–403. doi:10.1007/s40806-017-0101-0. S2CID 148625003.
Zuckerman, Miron; Li, Chen; Lin, Shengxin; Hall, Judith A. (15 October 2019). "The Negative Intelligence–Religiosity Relation: New and Confirming Evidence". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 46 (6): 856–868. doi:10.1177/0146167219879122. PMID 31610740. S2CID 204702114.
te Nijenhuis, Jan; Dutton, Edward; Choi, Kyu Yeong; Choi, Yu Yong; Lee, Jang Jae; Seo, Eun Hyun; Kim, Hoowon; Lee, Kun Ho (January 2021). "Do elderly religious people in South Korea have lower mean IQ than elderly non-religious people?". Personality and Individual Differences. 168 110298. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110298.
Gervais, W. M.; Norenzayan, A. (26 April 2012). "Analytic Thinking Promotes Religious Disbelief" (PDF). Science. 336 (6080): 493–496. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..493G. doi:10.1126/science.1215647. PMID 22539725. S2CID 41484144. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
Sanchez, Clinton; Sundermeier, Brian; Gray, Kenneth; Calin-Jageman, Robert J. (24 February 2017). "Direct replication of Gervais & Norenzayan (2012): No evidence that analytic thinking decreases religious belief". PLOS ONE. 12 (2) e0172636. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1272636S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172636. PMC 5325262. PMID 28234942.
Camerer, Colin F.; Dreber, Anna; Holzmeister, Felix; Ho, Teck-Hua; Huber, Jürgen; Johannesson, Magnus (27 August 2018). "Evaluating the replicability of social science experiments in Nature and Science between 2010 and 2015". Nature Human Behaviour. 2 (9): 637–644. doi:10.1038/s41562-018-0399-z. PMID 31346273.
Gervais, Will M.; Norenzayan, Ara (27 August 2018). "Analytic atheism revisited". Nature Human Behaviour. 2 (9): 609. doi:10.1038/s41562-018-0426-0. PMID 31346274.
Byrd, Nick; Stich, Stephen; Sytsma, Justin (2 April 2025). "Analytic atheism and analytic apostasy across cultures". Religious Studies: 1–25. doi:10.1017/S0034412525000198.
Farias, Miguel; van Mulukom, Valerie; Kahane, Guy; Kreplin, Ute; Joyce, Anna; Soares, Pedro; Oviedo, Lluis; Hernu, Mathilde; Rokita, Karolina; Savulescu, Julian; Möttönen, Riikka (8 November 2017). "Supernatural Belief Is Not Modulated by Intuitive Thinking Style or Cognitive Inhibition". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 15100. Bibcode:2017NatSR...715100F. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14090-9. PMC 5678111. PMID 29118434.
Harris, Sam; Kaplan, Jonas T.; Curiel, Ashley; Bookheimer, Susan Y.; Iacoboni, Marco; Cohen, Mark S.; Sporns, Olaf (1 October 2009). "The Neural Correlates of Religious and Nonreligious Belief". PLOS ONE. 4 (10) e7272. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7272H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007272. PMC 2748718. PMID 19794914.
Byrd, Nick; Stich, Stephen; Sytsma, Justin (2 April 2025). "Analytic atheism and analytic apostasy across cultures". Religious Studies: 1–25. doi:10.1017/S0034412525000198.
Ghasemi, Omid; Yilmaz, Onurcan; Isler, Ozan; Terry, Jenny; Ross, Robert M. (24 April 2025). "Reflective thinking predicts disbelief in God across 19 countries". Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. doi:10.3758/s13423-025-02691-9. PMID 40274723.
Stagnaro, Michael Nicholas; Pennycook, Gordon (1 January 2025). "On the role of analytic thinking in religious belief change: Evidence from over 50,000 participants in 16 countries". Cognition. 254. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105989. PMID 39488154.
Locke, E.A. (2005). "Why emotional intelligence is an invalid concept". Journal of Organizational Behavior. 26 (4): 425–431. doi:10.1002/job.318.
Paek, Ellen (2006). "Religiosity and perceived emotional intelligence among Christians". Personality and Individual Differences. 41 (3): 479–490. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.01.016. ISSN 0191-8869.
Tischler, L; Biberman, J.; McKeage, R. (2002). "Linking emotional intelligence, spirituality and workplace performance: Definitions, models and ideas for research". Journal of Managerial Psychology. 17 (3): 203–218. doi:10.1108/02683940210423114. ISSN 0268-3946.
Łowicki, Paweł; Zajenkowski, Marcin (2016). "Divine Emotions: On the Link Between Emotional Intelligence and Religious Belief". Journal of Religion and Health. 56 (6): 1998–2009. doi:10.1007/s10943-016-0335-3. PMC 5653720. PMID 27913977.

economics.harvard.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

Sacerdote, Bruce; Glaeser, Edward L. "Education and Religion" (PDF). Harvard Institute of Economic Research. p. 29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2012. Retrieved 6 January 2012.

eur.nl (Global: low place; English: 9,308^th place)

pure.eur.nl

Dutton, Edward; Van der Linden, Dimitri (16 May 2017). "Why is Intelligence Negatively Associated with Religiousness?". Evolutionary Psychological Science. 3 (4): 392–403. doi:10.1007/s40806-017-0101-0. S2CID 148625003.

everydaypsychology.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Mattiuzzi, Paul G. "Emotional Intelligence? I'm not feeling it". EverydayPsychology.com. Archived from the original on 2009-07-20. Retrieved 2010-12-17.

gallup.com (Global: 3,519^th place; English: 2,509^th place)

Crabtree, Steve; Pelham, Brett (6 March 2009). "Religion Provides Emotional Boost to World's Poor". Gallup Poll.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Dutton, Edward; te Nijenhuis, Jan; Metzen, Daniel; van der Linden, Dimitri; Madison, Guy (June 2020). "The Myth of the Stupid Believer: The Negative Religiousness–IQ Nexus is Not on General Intelligence (g) and is Likely a Product of the Relations Between IQ and Autism Spectrum Traits". Journal of Religion and Health. 59 (3): 1567–1579. doi:10.1007/s10943-019-00926-3. hdl:1765/123177. PMC 7239797. PMID 31587150. We therefore conclude that specialized cognitive abilities and test specificities may play a prospectively larger role in moderating the observed ability differences than g, when ethnically close-matched populations are used.
Gervais, Will M.; van Elk, Michiel; Xygalatas, Dimitris; McKay, Ryan T.; Aveyard, Mark; Buchtel, Emma E. (May 2018). "Analytic atheism: A cross-culturally weak and fickle phenomenon?". Judgment and Decision Making. 13 (3): 268–274. doi:10.1017/S1930297500007701. hdl:11245.1/01cca8f1-3441-49e1-984f-acb385cbf184.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Hale, Frederick (2011). "Religious Disbelief and Intelligence: The Failure of a Contemporary Attempt to Correlate National Mean IQs and Rates of Atheism". Journal for the Study of Religion. 24 (1): 37–53. doi:10.4314/jsr.v24i1.70020. ISSN 1011-7601. JSTOR 24764228.

ncls.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Education and occupation profile of attenders". NCLS Research. 2004.

newsweek.com (Global: 371^st place; English: 235^th place)

Miller, Lisa (September 30, 2009). "THE BRAIN PROCESSES FACTS AND BELIEFS THE SAME WAY". Newsweek.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Zuckerman, Miron; Li, Chen; Lin, Shengxin; Hall, Judith A. (15 October 2019). "The Negative Intelligence–Religiosity Relation: New and Confirming Evidence". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 46 (6): 856–868. doi:10.1177/0146167219879122. PMID 31610740. S2CID 204702114.
Dutton, Edward; te Nijenhuis, Jan; Metzen, Daniel; van der Linden, Dimitri; Madison, Guy (June 2020). "The Myth of the Stupid Believer: The Negative Religiousness–IQ Nexus is Not on General Intelligence (g) and is Likely a Product of the Relations Between IQ and Autism Spectrum Traits". Journal of Religion and Health. 59 (3): 1567–1579. doi:10.1007/s10943-019-00926-3. hdl:1765/123177. PMC 7239797. PMID 31587150. We therefore conclude that specialized cognitive abilities and test specificities may play a prospectively larger role in moderating the observed ability differences than g, when ethnically close-matched populations are used.
Dürlinger, Florian; Pietschnig, Jakob (11 February 2022). "Meta-analyzing intelligence and religiosity associations: Evidence from the multiverse". PLOS ONE. 17 (2) e0262699. Bibcode:2022PLoSO..1762699D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262699. PMC 8836311. PMID 35148316.
Zuckerman, Miron; Silberman, Jordan; Hall, Judith A. (2013). "The Relation Between Intelligence and Religiosity: A Meta-Analysis and Some Proposed Explanations". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 17 (4): 325–354. doi:10.1177/1088868313497266. PMID 23921675. S2CID 2815223.
Zuckerman, Miron; Li, Chen; Lin, Shengxin; Hall, Judith A. (15 October 2019). "The Negative Intelligence–Religiosity Relation: New and Confirming Evidence". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 46 (6): 856–868. doi:10.1177/0146167219879122. PMID 31610740. S2CID 204702114.
Gervais, W. M.; Norenzayan, A. (26 April 2012). "Analytic Thinking Promotes Religious Disbelief" (PDF). Science. 336 (6080): 493–496. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..493G. doi:10.1126/science.1215647. PMID 22539725. S2CID 41484144. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
Sanchez, Clinton; Sundermeier, Brian; Gray, Kenneth; Calin-Jageman, Robert J. (24 February 2017). "Direct replication of Gervais & Norenzayan (2012): No evidence that analytic thinking decreases religious belief". PLOS ONE. 12 (2) e0172636. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1272636S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172636. PMC 5325262. PMID 28234942.
Camerer, Colin F.; Dreber, Anna; Holzmeister, Felix; Ho, Teck-Hua; Huber, Jürgen; Johannesson, Magnus (27 August 2018). "Evaluating the replicability of social science experiments in Nature and Science between 2010 and 2015". Nature Human Behaviour. 2 (9): 637–644. doi:10.1038/s41562-018-0399-z. PMID 31346273.
Gervais, Will M.; Norenzayan, Ara (27 August 2018). "Analytic atheism revisited". Nature Human Behaviour. 2 (9): 609. doi:10.1038/s41562-018-0426-0. PMID 31346274.
Farias, Miguel; van Mulukom, Valerie; Kahane, Guy; Kreplin, Ute; Joyce, Anna; Soares, Pedro; Oviedo, Lluis; Hernu, Mathilde; Rokita, Karolina; Savulescu, Julian; Möttönen, Riikka (8 November 2017). "Supernatural Belief Is Not Modulated by Intuitive Thinking Style or Cognitive Inhibition". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 15100. Bibcode:2017NatSR...715100F. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14090-9. PMC 5678111. PMID 29118434.
Harris, Sam; Kaplan, Jonas T.; Curiel, Ashley; Bookheimer, Susan Y.; Iacoboni, Marco; Cohen, Mark S.; Sporns, Olaf (1 October 2009). "The Neural Correlates of Religious and Nonreligious Belief". PLOS ONE. 4 (10) e7272. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7272H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007272. PMC 2748718. PMID 19794914.
Ghasemi, Omid; Yilmaz, Onurcan; Isler, Ozan; Terry, Jenny; Ross, Robert M. (24 April 2025). "Reflective thinking predicts disbelief in God across 19 countries". Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. doi:10.3758/s13423-025-02691-9. PMID 40274723.
Stagnaro, Michael Nicholas; Pennycook, Gordon (1 January 2025). "On the role of analytic thinking in religious belief change: Evidence from over 50,000 participants in 16 countries". Cognition. 254. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105989. PMID 39488154.
Łowicki, Paweł; Zajenkowski, Marcin (2016). "Divine Emotions: On the Link Between Emotional Intelligence and Religious Belief". Journal of Religion and Health. 56 (6): 1998–2009. doi:10.1007/s10943-016-0335-3. PMC 5653720. PMID 27913977.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Dutton, Edward; te Nijenhuis, Jan; Metzen, Daniel; van der Linden, Dimitri; Madison, Guy (June 2020). "The Myth of the Stupid Believer: The Negative Religiousness–IQ Nexus is Not on General Intelligence (g) and is Likely a Product of the Relations Between IQ and Autism Spectrum Traits". Journal of Religion and Health. 59 (3): 1567–1579. doi:10.1007/s10943-019-00926-3. hdl:1765/123177. PMC 7239797. PMID 31587150. We therefore conclude that specialized cognitive abilities and test specificities may play a prospectively larger role in moderating the observed ability differences than g, when ethnically close-matched populations are used.
Dürlinger, Florian; Pietschnig, Jakob (11 February 2022). "Meta-analyzing intelligence and religiosity associations: Evidence from the multiverse". PLOS ONE. 17 (2) e0262699. Bibcode:2022PLoSO..1762699D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262699. PMC 8836311. PMID 35148316.
Sanchez, Clinton; Sundermeier, Brian; Gray, Kenneth; Calin-Jageman, Robert J. (24 February 2017). "Direct replication of Gervais & Norenzayan (2012): No evidence that analytic thinking decreases religious belief". PLOS ONE. 12 (2) e0172636. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1272636S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172636. PMC 5325262. PMID 28234942.
Farias, Miguel; van Mulukom, Valerie; Kahane, Guy; Kreplin, Ute; Joyce, Anna; Soares, Pedro; Oviedo, Lluis; Hernu, Mathilde; Rokita, Karolina; Savulescu, Julian; Möttönen, Riikka (8 November 2017). "Supernatural Belief Is Not Modulated by Intuitive Thinking Style or Cognitive Inhibition". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 15100. Bibcode:2017NatSR...715100F. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14090-9. PMC 5678111. PMID 29118434.
Harris, Sam; Kaplan, Jonas T.; Curiel, Ashley; Bookheimer, Susan Y.; Iacoboni, Marco; Cohen, Mark S.; Sporns, Olaf (1 October 2009). "The Neural Correlates of Religious and Nonreligious Belief". PLOS ONE. 4 (10) e7272. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7272H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007272. PMC 2748718. PMID 19794914.
Łowicki, Paweł; Zajenkowski, Marcin (2016). "Divine Emotions: On the Link Between Emotional Intelligence and Religious Belief". Journal of Religion and Health. 56 (6): 1998–2009. doi:10.1007/s10943-016-0335-3. PMC 5653720. PMID 27913977.

pewforum.org (Global: 1,526^th place; English: 1,638^th place)

"Religion and the Unaffiliated". "Nones" on the Rise. Pew Research Center: Religion & Public Life. October 9, 2012.
"The Global Religious Landscape". Pew Research Center. 2012-12-18.

pewresearch.org (Global: 1,516^th place; English: 983^rd place)

assets.pewresearch.org

"Religion and Education Around the World" (PDF). Pew Research Center. December 13, 2016. p. 5.
"Religion and Education Around the World" (PDF). Pew Research Center. December 19, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2016.

pewresearch.org

"Most of the Religiously Unaffiliated Still Keep Belief in God". Pew Research Center. November 15, 2012.

rdcu.be (Global: low place; English: low place)

Łowicki, Paweł; Zajenkowski, Marcin (2016). "Divine Emotions: On the Link Between Emotional Intelligence and Religious Belief". Journal of Religion and Health. 56 (6): 1998–2009. doi:10.1007/s10943-016-0335-3. PMC 5653720. PMID 27913977.

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

Sickles, Julie; Huskey, Alisa; Schrantz, Kathryn; Lack, Caleb (2015). "The Relationship between Intelligence and Religiosity: A Critical Review of the Literature". Journal of Scientific Psychology. May.
Sickles, Julie; Huskey, Alisa; Schrantz, Kathryn; Lack, Caleb (2015). "The Relationship between Intelligence and Religiosity: A Critical Review of the Literature". Journal of Scientific Psychology. May.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Zuckerman, Miron; Li, Chen; Lin, Shengxin; Hall, Judith A. (15 October 2019). "The Negative Intelligence–Religiosity Relation: New and Confirming Evidence". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 46 (6): 856–868. doi:10.1177/0146167219879122. PMID 31610740. S2CID 204702114.
Zuckerman, Miron; Silberman, Jordan; Hall, Judith A. (2013). "The Relation Between Intelligence and Religiosity: A Meta-Analysis and Some Proposed Explanations". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 17 (4): 325–354. doi:10.1177/1088868313497266. PMID 23921675. S2CID 2815223.
Gardner, Howard (January 2000). "A Case Against Spiritual Intelligence". The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion. 10 (1): 27–34. doi:10.1207/S15327582IJPR1001_3. S2CID 144359180.
Dutton, Edward; Van der Linden, Dimitri (16 May 2017). "Why is Intelligence Negatively Associated with Religiousness?". Evolutionary Psychological Science. 3 (4): 392–403. doi:10.1007/s40806-017-0101-0. S2CID 148625003.
Zuckerman, Miron; Li, Chen; Lin, Shengxin; Hall, Judith A. (15 October 2019). "The Negative Intelligence–Religiosity Relation: New and Confirming Evidence". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 46 (6): 856–868. doi:10.1177/0146167219879122. PMID 31610740. S2CID 204702114.
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Religiosity and intelligence (English Wikipedia)

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