Republics of Russia (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Republics of Russia" in English language version.

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12worldcat.org

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7web.archive.org

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6theguardian.com

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5rferl.org

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5nytimes.com

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4doi.org

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3routledge.com

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3themoscowtimes.com

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2researchgate.net

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2opendemocracy.net

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1cyberleninka.ru

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1independent.co.uk

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1foreignaffairs.com

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1meduza.io

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1timesofisrael.com

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1rosstat.gov.ru

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1vesma.today

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1moderndiplomacy.eu

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1timesonline.co.uk

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1oc-media.org

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1middleeasteye.net

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academia.edu

Jung, Hakyung (2012). "Language in a Borderland: On the Official Status of Karelian Language". Slavic Studies: 1 and 13 – via Academia.

agenda.ge

"Georgia condemns adoption of program on creation of common socio-economic space between Russia, occupied Abkhazia". Agenda. 25 November 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
"Breakaway Tskhinvali proposes name change New name emphasizes South Ossetia as part of Russia". Agenda. 29 December 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

aljazeera.com

"West condemns Russia's 'illegal' annexation of Ukraine provinces". Al Jazeera. 30 September 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
Coakley, Amanda (11 February 2022). "Ukraine crisis 'very sensitive' for Russia-backed breakaway state". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

america.aljazeera.com

"Putin signs treaty integrating South Ossetia into Russia". Al Jazeera America. 18 March 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

archive.org

Saunders & Strukov 2010, p. 59. Saunders, Robert; Strukov, Vlad (2010). Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation. Scarecrow Press. pp. 59. ISBN 978-0-8108-7460-2.
Rubin & Snyder 2002, p. 69. Rubin, Barnett; Snyder, Jack (2002). Post-Soviet Political Order. Routledge. pp. 69. ISBN 0-415-17069-9.

bbc.com

"Moldova's Trans-Dniester region pleads to join Russia". BBC News. 18 March 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

carnegie.ru

Malashenko, Alexey (25 January 2010). "Mintimer Shaimiev Steps Down as President of Tatarstan". Carnegie Moscow Center. Retrieved 7 May 2019.

cepa.org

Avdaliani, Emil (18 February 2021). "A Fateful Step Towards Annexation". Center for European Policy Analysis. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

civil.ge

old.civil.ge

"Civil.Ge | S.Ossetia Sets Repeat Independence Referendum". old.civil.ge. Retrieved 18 February 2023.

civil.ge

"Moscow, Tskhinvali Sign 'Integration Treaty'". Civil Georgia. 18 March 2015. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

cnn.com

Picheta, Rob (27 September 2022). "Russian forces have staged illegal 'referendums' in Ukraine. What comes next?". CNN. Retrieved 1 October 2022.

constitutions.ru

"Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Mari SSR". Pashkov Library (in Russian). 6 January 2010. Retrieved 5 June 2020. The Mari SSR reserves the right to self-determination and change its state and legal status.

core.ac.uk

Zamyatin, Konstantin (2013). "Sovereignisation and State Languages: Early Formation of Language Policy of Russia's Finno-Ugric Republics in the Conditions of the USSR Disintegration" (PDF). Finnish-Ugric Communications. 36: 132 – via University of Helsinki.

csce.gov

Minority Rights: Problems, Parameters, and Patterns in the CSCE Context (PDF), Washington, DC: Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, 1991, p. 59

cyberleninka.ru

Bazarova, Vladimirovna (2013). "On the problems of indigenization in the national autonomies of Eastern Siberia in the 1920s – 1930s". Power (in Russian). 21: 176 – via CyberLeninka.

dailysabah.com

Arslanbenzer, Hakan (14 November 2019). "Dzhokhar Dudayev: Fighting for a free Chechnya". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 23 June 2020.

dartmouth.edu

Drobizheva, Leokadia (April 1998). "Power Sharing in the Russian Federation: the View from the Center and from the Republics" (PDF). Preventing of Deadly Conflicts: 12.

demokratizatsiya.pub

Chuman, Mizuki. "The Rise and Fall of Power-Sharing Treaties Between Center and Regions in Post-Soviet Russia" (PDF). Demokratizatsiya: 135–146.

diva-portal.org

sh.diva-portal.org

Kotljarchuk & Sundström 2017, p. 15-16. Kotljarchuk, Andrej; Sundström, Olle (2017). Ethnic and Religious Minorities in Stalin's Soviet Union: New Dimensions of Research (PDF). Södertörn University. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-91-7601-777-7.

doi.org

Statiev, Alexander (2005). "The Nature of Anti-Soviet Armed Resistance, 1942–44: The North Caucasus, the Kalmyk Autonomous Republic, and Crimea". Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History. 6 (2): 285–318. doi:10.1353/kri.2005.0029. S2CID 161159084 – via ResearchGate.
Toomas, Alatalu (1992). "Tuva: A State Reawakens". Soviet Studies. 44 (5). Taylor & Francis, Ltd: 881–895. doi:10.1080/09668139208412051. ISSN 0038-5859. JSTOR 152275.
Alexander, James (2004). "Federal Reforms in Russia: Putin's Challenge to the Republics" (PDF). Demokratizatsiya. 12 (2): 237. doi:10.3200/DEMO.12.2.233-263. S2CID 32677267. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2019 – via Semantic Scholar.
Sharafutdinova, Gulnaz (2013). "Gestalt Switch in Russian Federalism: The Decline in Regional Power under Putin". Comparative Politics. 45 (3): 357–376. doi:10.5129/001041512X13815255435013. JSTOR 43664325.

dw.com

"South Ossetia shelves plan for referendum to join Russia". DW. 31 May 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
"Trans-Dniester Votes for Independence and Russian Accession". DW. 18 September 2006. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

ecfr.eu

Arutunyan, Anna (25 April 2017). "Why Putin won't get tough on Kadyrov". European Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
Lungu, Karina (1 September 2016). "Transnistria: From entropy to exodus". European Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

europa.eu

europarl.europa.eu

Russel, Martin (20 October 2015). "Russia's constitutional structure: Federal in form, unitary in function" (PDF). European Parliamentary Research Service.

europeanforum.net

"Russia revoking Tatarstan's autonomy". European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2019.

foreignaffairs.com

Hauer, Neil (1 August 2018). "Putin's Plan to Russify the Caucasus". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 26 August 2018.

foreignpolicy.com

Tamkin, Emily (10 April 2017). "An Occupied Region's Referendum Brings Georgia New Iteration of Old Challenges". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

freedomhouse.org

"Nations in Transit: Russia". Freedom House. 2005. Archived from the original on 7 March 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2019. The vast majority of governors were corrupt, ruling their regions as tyrants for their personal benefit and that of their closest allies.

georgiatoday.ge

Avdaliani, Emil (14 August 2017). "No Longer the Russian Federation: A Look at Tartarstan". Georgia Today. Archived from the original on 7 March 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2019.

ghostarchive.org

"Aslan Maskhadov". The Telegraph. 9 March 2005. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
Aris, Ben (24 March 2003). "Boycott call in Chechen poll ignored". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2020.

hlrn.org

Pohl, Otto (2000). "The Deportation and Fate of the Crimean Tatars" (PDF). Retrieved 19 June 2020.

hrw.org

"Punished Peoples" of the Soviet Union: The Continuing Legacy of Stalin's Deportations" (PDF). Human Rights Watch. September 1991. pp. 11–74. Retrieved 19 June 2020.

iccrimea.org

"Transfer of the Crimea to the Ukraine". International Committee for Crimea. July 2005. Retrieved 19 June 2020.

idel-ural.org

"Komi and imperial policy in the Arctic". Free Idel-Ural. 1 June 2020. Retrieved 19 June 2020.

independent.co.uk

Higgins, Andrew (22 January 1995). "Dzhokhar Dudayev: Lone wolf of Grozny". The Independent. Retrieved 6 March 2019.

interpretermag.com

Bowen, Andrew (15 June 2015). "Kadyrovtsy: "Vladimir Putin's Combat Infantry" and Ramzan Kadyrov's Henchmen". The Interpreter. Retrieved 9 June 2021.

jamestown.org

Shtepa, Vadim (4 April 2017). "The Devolution of Russian Federalism". Jamestown. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
Shtepa, Vadim (16 July 2018). "Russian Federal Districts as Instrument of Moscow's Internal Colonization". Jamestown. Retrieved 7 May 2019.

jhu.edu

muse.jhu.edu

Statiev, Alexander (2005). "The Nature of Anti-Soviet Armed Resistance, 1942–44: The North Caucasus, the Kalmyk Autonomous Republic, and Crimea". Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History. 6 (2): 285–318. doi:10.1353/kri.2005.0029. S2CID 161159084 – via ResearchGate.

jpost.com

"South Ossetia to hold referendum to join Russia in future – report". The Jerusalem Post. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

jstor.org

Toomas, Alatalu (1992). "Tuva: A State Reawakens". Soviet Studies. 44 (5). Taylor & Francis, Ltd: 881–895. doi:10.1080/09668139208412051. ISSN 0038-5859. JSTOR 152275.
Sharafutdinova, Gulnaz (2013). "Gestalt Switch in Russian Federalism: The Decline in Regional Power under Putin". Comparative Politics. 45 (3): 357–376. doi:10.5129/001041512X13815255435013. JSTOR 43664325.

liamslookathistory.blogspot.com

Greenacre, Liam (23 August 2016). "Korenizatsiya: The Soviet Nationalities Policy for Recognised Minorities". Liam's Look at History. Retrieved 6 March 2019.

libussr.ru

"Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 8, 1944 "On the resettlement of Balkars living in the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and on the renaming of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the Kabardian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic"". Library USSR (in Russian). Retrieved 19 June 2020.

macalester.edu

digitalcommons.macalester.edu

Zimnitskaya, Hanna (2012). "A State within a State: the Case of Chechnya". International Studies Honors Projects – via Macalester College.

meduza.io

Guillory, Sean (21 September 2016). "How 'separatists' are prosecuted in Russia: Independent lawyers on one of Russia's most controversial statutes". Meduza. Retrieved 7 May 2019.

middleeasteye.net

"Transnistria: The breakaway region torn between Moldova, Russia and the EU". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 1 April 2022.

moderndiplomacy.eu

Tkemaladze, Tamar (14 February 2021). "Abkhazia Is Not Crimea but Everything Is Set to Become It". Modern Diplomacy. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

newlinesmag.com

Mondello, Mauro (18 April 2022). "Near Ukraine, a Breakaway Russian Republic Plows On". New Lines Magazine. Retrieved 24 April 2022.

newsru.com

"Medvedev forbade the heads of subjects to be called presidents". NewsRU (in Russian). 29 December 2010. Retrieved 25 March 2022.

newsweek.com

Cole, Brendan (22 April 2022). "Russia targets Moldova invasion next as they seek land corridor via Ukraine". Newsweek. Retrieved 22 April 2022.

nvinder.ru

old.nvinder.ru

Kolguyev, Georgy (17 November 2005). "Nenets Republic – It Sounds Weird". Nyaryana Vynder (in Russian). Retrieved 10 May 2019.

nytimes.com

Stanley, Alessandra (13 May 1997). "Yeltsin Signs Peace Treaty With Chechnya". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
Bohlen, Celestine (9 March 2000). "Russian Regions Wary as Putin Tightens Control". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
Barry, Ellen (13 July 2010). "Russian Regional Strongman to Retire". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
Schwirtz, Michael (8 October 2011). "Russian Anger Grows Over Chechnya Subsidies". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
Herszenhorn, David (25 November 2014). "Pact Tightens Russian Ties With Abkhazia". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

oc-media.org

Fabbro, Robin; Shoshiashvili, Tata (13 May 2022). "South Ossetia to hold Russian annexation referendum on 17 July". OC Media. Retrieved 13 May 2022.

olemiss.edu

egrove.olemiss.edu

Turner, Cassandra (2018). We Never Said We're Independent: Natural Resources, Nationalism, and the Fight for Political Autonomy in Russia's Regions (BA thesis). University of Mississippi. p. 49.

opendemocracy.net

Pakhomenko, Varvara (16 August 2009). "Ingushetia Abandoned". Open Democracy. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
Kolstø, Pål (11 June 2014). "Transnistria is a bridge too far for Russia". Open Democracy. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

pitt.edu

ucis.pitt.edu

Solnick, Steven (29 May 1996). "Asymmetries in Russian Federation Bargaining" (PDF). The National Council for Soviet and East European Research.
Solnick, Steven (30 May 1996). "Center-Periphery Bargaining in Russia: Assessing Prospects of Federal Stability" (PDF). The National Council for Soviet and East European Research: 4.

pravo.gov.ru

On the Procedures of the Transformation of Adyghe, Gorno-Altai, Karachay-Cherkess, and Khakas Autonomous Oblasts into the Soviet Socialist Republics of the RSFSR (Law 1535-1) (in Russian). 3 July 1991.

pri.org

Porzucki, Nina (24 March 2014). "Where's Transnistria? And why do people there hope Russia will annex them next?". Public Radio International. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.

prometheus.ngo

Podobed, Pavlo (28 March 2019). "Idel-Ural: Polyethnic Volcano of the Russian Federation". Prometheus Security Environment Research Center (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2020.

rbc.ru

Voroshilov, Denis (21 December 2021). "Putin signed a law banning the heads of regions from being called presidents". RBC (in Russian). Retrieved 21 December 2021.

rbth.com

Sinelschikova, Yekaterina (31 December 2019). "How Boris Yeltsin, Russia's first president, resigned". Russia Beyond. Retrieved 23 June 2020.

researchgate.net

Mälksoo, Lauri (April 2017). "Soviet Approach to Right of Peoples to Self-Determination". History of International Law 2017: 7–8 – via ResearchGate.
Matejova, Miriam (2013). "Russian "Chechenization" and the Prospects for a Lasting Peace in Chechnya". International Journal on World Peace. 30: 11–12 – via ResearchGate.

reuters.com

Gutterman, Steve; Polityuk, Pavel (18 March 2014). "Putin signs Crimea treaty as Ukraine serviceman dies in attack". Reuters. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
Charbonneau, Louis; Donath, Mirjam (27 March 2014). "U.N. General Assembly declares Crimea secession vote invalid". Reuters. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
"Ukrainian rebel region Luhansk may vote to join Russia". Reuters. 27 March 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
Humphries, Conor (29 March 2022). Trevelyan, Mark (ed.). "Russia-backed Donetsk Republic may consider joining Russia – leader". Reuters.
"Putin says Russia has 'four new regions' as he announces annexation of Ukrainian territory". Reuters. 30 September 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.

rferl.org

Fuller, Liz (30 August 2006). "Khasavyurt Accords Failed To Preclude A Second War". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
"Federation Council Backs Power-Sharing Bill". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 11 July 2007. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
"Tatarstan Vote Seen As Test For Russian Regional 'President'". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 15 September 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
Coalson, Robert; Lyubimov, Dmitry; Alpaut, Ramazan (20 June 2018). "A Common Language: Russia's 'Ethnic' Republics See Language Bill As Existential Threat". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
Fuller, Liz (8 February 2017). "South Ossetia Referendum On Name Change Steers Clear Of Thornier Unification Issue". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

rosstat.gov.ru

"National composition of the population" (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 12 January 2023.

routledge.com

Heaney 2023, pp. 6, 16, 43, "Crimea and Sevastopol, which were annexed in 2014, and...four Ukrainian regions annexed de jure, if not de facto, in 2022...After Crimea and Sevastopol were annexed from Ukraine in 2014, the federal centre repeatedly emphasized internal and external threats to their stability...If Russia were ever to achieve similar control over the four territories purportedly annexed from Ukraine in 2022, such focus on their security, too, would seem likely...Putin announced the annexation of four Ukrainian regions: the so-called 'People's Republics' established in the eastern Ukrainian cities of Donetsk and Luhansk...despite Russian control of all of these territories being by no means assured.". Heaney, Dominic, ed. (2023). "The Government of the Russian Federation". The Territories of the Russian Federation 2023 (24th ed.). Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 43–51. ISBN 9781032469744.
Blakkisrud 2023, "Ethnic autonomies within the Russian Federation...As per the 1993 Constitution...Added: Crimea (2014)". Blakkisrud, Helge (2023). "Ethnic Relations". In Gill, Graeme (ed.). Routledge Handbook of Russian Politics and Society (Second ed.). Abingdon/New York: Routledge. pp. 449–462. ISBN 978-1-032-11052-3.
Sakwa 2023, "Thus Russia inherited 89 regions in 1991 grouped into three main types (ethno-federal republics, autonomous regions of various sorts, and ordinary regions [oblasts], including today the major cities of Moscow and St Petersburg along with Sevastopol in Crimea). The result in institutional terms is asymmetrical federalism in what is now 85 regions (following the merger of certain smaller entities and the incorporation of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol in 2014)". Sakwa, Richard (2023). "Democratisation". In Gill, Graeme (ed.). Routledge Handbook of Russian Politics and Society (Second ed.). Abingdon/New York: Routledge. pp. 33–45. ISBN 978-1-032-11052-3.

rulit.me

Nikodimovna, Evdokia (2008), Continuing the Chronicle of Ancestors ... (Notes of a Komi human rights activist) (in Russian), Syktyvkar: Polygraph-Service Printing House LLC, pp. 48–49, The Supreme Soviet of the Komi SSR reserves the right to terminate agreements and contracts with the RSFSR and the USSR. The decision to secede from the RSFSR and the USSR is taken by way of a referendum.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Statiev, Alexander (2005). "The Nature of Anti-Soviet Armed Resistance, 1942–44: The North Caucasus, the Kalmyk Autonomous Republic, and Crimea". Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History. 6 (2): 285–318. doi:10.1353/kri.2005.0029. S2CID 161159084 – via ResearchGate.
Alexander, James (2004). "Federal Reforms in Russia: Putin's Challenge to the Republics" (PDF). Demokratizatsiya. 12 (2): 237. doi:10.3200/DEMO.12.2.233-263. S2CID 32677267. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2019 – via Semantic Scholar.

pdfs.semanticscholar.org

Alexander, James (2004). "Federal Reforms in Russia: Putin's Challenge to the Republics" (PDF). Demokratizatsiya. 12 (2): 237. doi:10.3200/DEMO.12.2.233-263. S2CID 32677267. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2019 – via Semantic Scholar.

swp-berlin.org

Halbach, Uwe (2018). "Chechnya's Status within the Russian Federation: Ramzan Kadyrov's Private State and Vladimir Putin's Federal "Power Vertical"" (PDF). Foundation Science and Politics: 5 – via German Institute for International and Security Affairs.

telegraph.co.uk

"Aslan Maskhadov". The Telegraph. 9 March 2005. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
Aris, Ben (24 March 2003). "Boycott call in Chechen poll ignored". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2020.

theglobeandmail.com

"Breakaway Georgian territory of South Ossetia plans to join Russia". The Globe and Mail. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

theguardian.com

Muratov, Dmitry (12 December 2014). "The Chechen wars murdered Russian democracy in its cradle". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
Bullough, Oliver (23 September 2015). "Putin's closest ally – and his biggest liability". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
Luhn, Alec (18 March 2014). "Red Square rally hails Vladimir Putin after Crimea accession". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
Harding, Luke (25 November 2014). "Georgia angered by Russia-Abkhazia military agreement". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
"South Ossetians vote for independence". The Guardian. AFP. 13 November 2006.
"Breakaway region of Georgia to hold referendum on joining Russia". The Guardian. 13 May 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.

themoscowtimes.com

Smirnova, Lena (24 July 2017). "Tatarstan, the Last Region to Lose Its Special Status Under Putin". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
Latypova, Leyla (27 September 2022). "Ethnic Minorities Hit Hardest By Russia's Mobilization, Activists Say". The Moscow Times.
Waal, Thomas de (16 July 2019). "Abkhazia and the Danger of 'Ossetianization'". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

timesofisrael.com

"Russia broadens anti-incitement law to include separatism". The Times of Israel. 5 July 2014. Retrieved 7 May 2019.

timesonline.co.uk

Halpin, Tony (30 August 2008). "Kremlin announces that South Ossetia will join 'one united Russian state'". The Times. Archived from the original on 3 September 2008. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

tuva.asia

Bairovich, Chimit-Dorzhu (31 May 2012). "Adoption of the Declaration on State Sovereignty of the Soviet Republic of Tuva". Tuva Asia (in Russian). Retrieved 5 June 2020. The Soviet Republic of Tuva confirms its right to self-determination, exercised on the basis of a popular referendum of the republic's population.

un.org

news.un.org

"Ukraine: UN Secretary-General condemns Russia annexation plan". United Nations. 29 September 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.

upi.com

Woodruff, David (12 June 1990). "Russian republic declares sovereignty". UPI. Retrieved 17 June 2020.

usip.org

Starovoitova, Galina (1997). "Sovereignty After Empire: Self-Determination Movements in the Former Soviet Union" (PDF). Peaceworks. 19: 5–11 – via United States Institute of Peace.

vesma.today

"25 years ago Chukotka withdrew from the Magadan Region". Vesma Today. 29 September 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2019.

washingtonpost.com

Shapiro, Margaret (23 March 1992). "Tatarstan Votes for Self-Rule Repudiating Russia and Yeltsin". The Washington Post. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
Williams, Daniel (7 February 2000). "Russians Capture Grozny". The Washington Post. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
Hoffman, David (9 June 2000). "Putin Lays Direct Rule on Chechnya". The Washington Post. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
Toal, Gerard; O'Loughlin, John (20 March 2014). "How people in South Ossetia, Abkhazia and Transnistria feel about annexation by Russia". The Washington Post. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

web.archive.org

Avdaliani, Emil (14 August 2017). "No Longer the Russian Federation: A Look at Tartarstan". Georgia Today. Archived from the original on 7 March 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
Podobed, Pavlo (28 March 2019). "Idel-Ural: Polyethnic Volcano of the Russian Federation". Prometheus Security Environment Research Center (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
"Nations in Transit: Russia". Freedom House. 2005. Archived from the original on 7 March 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2019. The vast majority of governors were corrupt, ruling their regions as tyrants for their personal benefit and that of their closest allies.
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