Rhythm and blues (English Wikipedia)

"The unexpected origins of music's most well-used terms". BBC. October 12, 2018. Archived from the original on January 26, 2019. Retrieved February 22, 2021. its meaning covering both sex and dancing

beachamjournal.com

"Ruth Brown, the Queen of R&B, was born 93 years ago today". Frank Beacham's Journal. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.

billboard.com

"Weekly Chart Notes: Baauer Continues The 'Harlem' Hit Parade'". Billboard. February 22, 2013. Retrieved September 4, 2023. based on sales reports from Rainbow Music Shop, Harvard Radio Shop, Lehman Music Company, Harlem De Luxe Music Store, Ray's Music Shop and Frank's Melody Music Shop, New York." Andy Kirk and His Clouds of Joy topped the inaugural tally with "Take It and Git."
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1947". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1948". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"– Year End Charts – Year-end Singles – Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"– Biography: Johnny Otis". Billboard. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1953". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"– Biography – Chuck Berry". Billboard. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1957". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"Brook Benton". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 25, 2019. Retrieved June 8, 2020.
"Billboard – Year End Charts – Year-end Singles – Hot R&B;/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. June 18, 2009. Archived from the original on June 18, 2009. Retrieved December 9, 2018.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1959". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 18, 2009. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1960". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.

bluesandsoul.com

"The changing face of R&B". Blues & Soul. Archived from the original on December 23, 2015. Retrieved November 3, 2015.

books.google.com

Don Michael Randel (1999). The Harvard Concise Dictionary of Music and Musicians. Harvard University Press. p. 560. ISBN 978-0-674-00084-1.
Arnold Shaw (1978). Honkers and Shouters: The Golden Years of Rhythm and Blues. Collier Books. p. 343. ISBN 978-0-02-061760-0. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2021.

buzzardbook.wordpress.com

"Buzzard Audio – The Buzzard: Inside the Glory Days of WMMS and Cleveland Rock Radio — A Memoir – Page 4". buzzardbook.wordpress.com. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018.

carnegiehall.org

timeline.carnegiehall.org

"History of R&B Music". Timeline of African American Music. Retrieved November 30, 2022.

case.edu

library.case.edu

"Kevin Smith Library : Case Western Reserve University : Search Results : Mintz". Library.case.ueu. Archived from the original on February 3, 2014. Retrieved May 21, 2014.

cduniverse.com

"Clovers Don't You Know I Love You & Other Favorites CD". Cduniverse.com. May 11, 2004. Archived from the original on August 31, 2011. Retrieved April 20, 2012.

colorradio.com

"The Orioles Record Label Shots". Archived from the original on July 8, 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2007.

doi.org

Redd, Lawrence N. (March 1, 1985). "The Black Perspective in Music". The Wall Street Journal. 13 (1): 31–47. doi:10.2307/1214792. JSTOR 1214792. Archived from the original on May 25, 2019. Retrieved March 15, 2021. by Lawrence N. Redd
Vickie Cox Edmondson (July 18, 2008). "A preliminary review of competitive reactions in the hip-hop music industry: Black American entrepreneurs in a new industry". Management Research News. 31 (9): 637–649. doi:10.1108/01409170810898536. ISSN 0140-9174.

faroutmagazine.co.uk

Lee Thomas-Mason (November 13, 2021). "Listen to the first rock and roll song ever recorded". Faroutmagazine.com. Retrieved December 26, 2022.

fccj.edu

web.fccj.edu

"The Beginning". Web.fccj.edu. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008. Retrieved January 7, 2010.

findarticles.com

"Tad Richards, "Rhythm and Blues", St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture". Findarticles.com. January 29, 2002. Archived from the original on December 7, 2009. Retrieved April 20, 2012.

georgiaencyclopedia.org

Cahoon, Brad (December 11, 2014). "Rhythm and Blues Music: Overview". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on February 1, 2017. Retrieved February 13, 2017.

history-of-rock.com

"The Vocal Groups". History-of-rock.com. Archived from the original on June 12, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2012.

icanradio.org

Riggle, Emma (July 15, 2022). "Dances with Style! - Habanera". ICAN | International Children's Arts Network. Retrieved September 7, 2023.

imdb.com

Biography for Andy Gibson at IMDb

jstor.org

Redd, Lawrence N. (March 1, 1985). "The Black Perspective in Music". The Wall Street Journal. 13 (1): 31–47. doi:10.2307/1214792. JSTOR 1214792. Archived from the original on May 25, 2019. Retrieved March 15, 2021. by Lawrence N. Redd

lyricsplayground.com

"RHUMBOOGIE – Lyrics – International Lyrics Playground". Lyricsplayground.com. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018.

momentmag.com

Muchin, Andrew (August 1994). "How a Bunch of Upstart Jewish Independent Record Producers Helped Turn African American Music into a National Treasure" (PDF). Moment Magazine. pp. 53–54. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2021.

mp3fiesta.com

"Mar-Keys – Last Night – Billboard Top 100 – 1961 – Top Billboard – mp3 song hits download full albums in mp3". Mp3fiesta.com. Archived from the original on July 8, 2017. Retrieved February 1, 2018.

nytimes.com

query.nytimes.com

Sacks, Leo (August 29, 1993). "The Soul of Jerry Wexler". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved January 11, 2007.

officialcharts.com

"UK Charts » Soul II Soul". Official Charts Company. Retrieved November 11, 2021.

oldstatehouse.org

"Brinkley's Louis Jordan Is a Big Time Bandleader". Archived from the original on May 28, 2009. Retrieved January 5, 2008.

oxfordmusiconline.com

Rye, Howard. "Rhythm and Blues". Oxford Music Online. Archived from the original on May 11, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2014.

potentbrew.com

"The Origins of Ska, Reggae and Dub Music". Potentbrew.com. August 3, 1999. Archived from the original on January 16, 2010. Retrieved January 7, 2010.

radiovintage.net

"BLUES". Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved January 18, 2021.

rbhalloffamemarksms.com

"About Us | R&B HOF". Rbhalloffamemarksms.com. July 24, 2022. Retrieved August 30, 2023.

rockhall.com

"Funk and R&B". Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. June 15, 2020. Retrieved December 25, 2020. Not the least of R&B's legacy was its perpetuation of the group-harmony tradition as heard in the vocal blend of "doo-wop" groups
"Roots of Rock". Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. June 15, 2020. Retrieved December 25, 2020. rock and roll's roots: Gospel, Blues, Country/Folk/Bluegrass and R&B

rollingstone.com

Leight, Elias (October 26, 2017). "Paul McCartney Remembers 'Truly Magnificent' Fats Domino". Rollingstone.com. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
Palmer, Robert (April 19, 1990). "The 50s: A Decade of Music That Changed the World". Rollingstone.com. Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved March 15, 2021.

shewins.com

Simon, Tom. "Brook Benton Biography". Archived from the original on February 5, 2012. Retrieved December 23, 2007.

si.edu

folklife.si.edu

Puryear, Mark (September 20, 2016). "Tell It Like It Is: A History of Rhythm and Blues". Archived from the original on March 9, 2021.

soultrain.com

says, ChgoSista. "The Sacrifice of R&B". Soul Train. Archived from the original on October 19, 2015. Retrieved November 3, 2015.

theguardian.com

"Will the creator of modern music please stand up?". The Guardian. April 16, 2004. Retrieved December 26, 2022.

unt.edu

digital.library.unt.edu

Gilliland 1969, show 3, track 2. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 6, track 2. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 7, track 4. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 6, track 3. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 15. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 4, track 5. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 3, track 5. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 5, track 5. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 22, tracks 3–4. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 52. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 25. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 27. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 30. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Gilliland 1969, show 29, track 3. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.

villagevoice.com

"100 & Single: The R&B/Hip-Hop Factor In The Music Business's Endless Slump". Village Voice. July 16, 2012. Archived from the original on October 30, 2015. Retrieved November 3, 2015.

vocalgroupharmony.com

"The Vocal Group Harmony Web Site". Vocalgroupharmony.com. Archived from the original on March 9, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2012.

web.archive.org

Puryear, Mark (September 20, 2016). "Tell It Like It Is: A History of Rhythm and Blues". Archived from the original on March 9, 2021.
Sacks, Leo (August 29, 1993). "The Soul of Jerry Wexler". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved January 11, 2007.
Rye, Howard. "Rhythm and Blues". Oxford Music Online. Archived from the original on May 11, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2014.
"The unexpected origins of music's most well-used terms". BBC. October 12, 2018. Archived from the original on January 26, 2019. Retrieved February 22, 2021. its meaning covering both sex and dancing
"Tad Richards, "Rhythm and Blues", St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture". Findarticles.com. January 29, 2002. Archived from the original on December 7, 2009. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1947". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"Brinkley's Louis Jordan Is a Big Time Bandleader". Archived from the original on May 28, 2009. Retrieved January 5, 2008.
"Louis Jordan at All About Jazz". Allaboutjazz.com. Archived from the original on May 13, 2009. Retrieved January 7, 2010.
"The Vocal Group Harmony Web Site". Vocalgroupharmony.com. Archived from the original on March 9, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1948". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"Hucklebuck!". WFMU. Archived from the original on May 7, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"Hucklebuck!". WFMU. Archived from the original on April 4, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"– Year End Charts – Year-end Singles – Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"RHUMBOOGIE – Lyrics – International Lyrics Playground". Lyricsplayground.com. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
"The Vocal Groups". History-of-rock.com. Archived from the original on June 12, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"Clovers Don't You Know I Love You & Other Favorites CD". Cduniverse.com. May 11, 2004. Archived from the original on August 31, 2011. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"Kevin Smith Library : Case Western Reserve University : Search Results : Mintz". Library.case.ueu. Archived from the original on February 3, 2014. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
"Buzzard Audio – The Buzzard: Inside the Glory Days of WMMS and Cleveland Rock Radio — A Memoir – Page 4". buzzardbook.wordpress.com. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
"Ruth Brown, the Queen of R&B, was born 93 years ago today". Frank Beacham's Journal. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1953". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"The Orioles Record Label Shots". Archived from the original on July 8, 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
Redd, Lawrence N. (March 1, 1985). "The Black Perspective in Music". The Wall Street Journal. 13 (1): 31–47. doi:10.2307/1214792. JSTOR 1214792. Archived from the original on May 25, 2019. Retrieved March 15, 2021. by Lawrence N. Redd
Leight, Elias (October 26, 2017). "Paul McCartney Remembers 'Truly Magnificent' Fats Domino". Rollingstone.com. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
Palmer, Robert (April 19, 1990). "The 50s: A Decade of Music That Changed the World". Rollingstone.com. Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
"BLUES". Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1957". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"Brook Benton". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 25, 2019. Retrieved June 8, 2020.
Simon, Tom. "Brook Benton Biography". Archived from the original on February 5, 2012. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"Billboard – Year End Charts – Year-end Singles – Hot R&B;/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. June 18, 2009. Archived from the original on June 18, 2009. Retrieved December 9, 2018.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1959". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 18, 2009. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs 1960". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
"Sample of "Gee Whiz"". Music.barnesandnoble.com. Archived from the original on December 30, 2011. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
"Mar-Keys – Last Night – Billboard Top 100 – 1961 – Top Billboard – mp3 song hits download full albums in mp3". Mp3fiesta.com. Archived from the original on July 8, 2017. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
"The Origins of Ska, Reggae and Dub Music". Potentbrew.com. August 3, 1999. Archived from the original on January 16, 2010. Retrieved January 7, 2010.
"The Beginning". Web.fccj.edu. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008. Retrieved January 7, 2010.
Cahoon, Brad (December 11, 2014). "Rhythm and Blues Music: Overview". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on February 1, 2017. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
"The changing face of R&B". Blues & Soul. Archived from the original on December 23, 2015. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
"100 & Single: The R&B/Hip-Hop Factor In The Music Business's Endless Slump". Village Voice. July 16, 2012. Archived from the original on October 30, 2015. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
says, ChgoSista. "The Sacrifice of R&B". Soul Train. Archived from the original on October 19, 2015. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
Arnold Shaw (1978). Honkers and Shouters: The Golden Years of Rhythm and Blues. Collier Books. p. 343. ISBN 978-0-02-061760-0. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
Muchin, Andrew (August 1994). "How a Bunch of Upstart Jewish Independent Record Producers Helped Turn African American Music into a National Treasure" (PDF). Moment Magazine. pp. 53–54. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
"Alexis Korner – Biography, Albums, Streaming Links". AllMusic. Archived from the original on February 7, 2020. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
"The Valentinos – Biography, Albums, Streaming Links". AllMusic. Archived from the original on February 26, 2020. Retrieved June 29, 2019.

wfmu.org

"Hucklebuck!". WFMU. Archived from the original on May 7, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
"Hucklebuck!". WFMU. Archived from the original on April 4, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2012.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Vickie Cox Edmondson (July 18, 2008). "A preliminary review of competitive reactions in the hip-hop music industry: Black American entrepreneurs in a new industry". Management Research News. 31 (9): 637–649. doi:10.1108/01409170810898536. ISSN 0140-9174.