Ruby (English Wikipedia)

Caucaso, Osservatorio Balcani e. "A Macedonian Ruby". OBC Transeuropa (in Italian). Archived from the original on 21 March 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

"World's most expensive coloured gem sells for $30m". BBC. 13 May 2015. Archived from the original on 13 May 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2015.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Precious Stones Archived 2017-12-18 at the Wayback Machine, Max Bauer, p. 2
Matlins, Antoinette Leonard (2010). Colored Gemstones. Gemstone Press. p. 203. ISBN 978-0-943763-72-9. Archived from the original on 2 May 2016.
Reed, Peter (1991). Gemmology. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 337. ISBN 0-7506-6449-5. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017.
Wenk, Hans-Rudolf; Bulakh, A. G. (2004). Minerals: their constitution and origin. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. pp. 539–541. ISBN 0-521-52958-1.

cbslocal.com (Global: 1,062^nd place; English: 552^nd place)

philadelphia.cbslocal.com

"'Irreplaceable' $2 Million Ruby Stolen In Wilmington Jewelry Heist". CBS Philly. 9 January 2012. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 17 March 2017.

christies.com (Global: 2,594^th place; English: 1,829^th place)

The Legendary Jewels, Evening Sale & Jewelry (Sessions II and III) | Press Release | Christie's Archived 29 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Christies.com (14 December 2011). Retrieved on 2012-07-11.

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

Holland, Oscar (8 June 2023). "Largest ruby ever to come to auction sells for record-breaking $34.8 million". CNN. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

The Laser Inventor. Springer Biographies. 2018. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61940-8. ISBN 978-3-319-61939-2.
Giuliani, Gaston; Groat, Lee A.; Fallick, Anthony E.; Pignatelli, Isabella; Pardieu, Vincent (July 2020). "Ruby Deposits: A Review and Geological Classification". Minerals. 10 (7): 597. Bibcode:2020Mine...10..597G. doi:10.3390/min10070597. hdl:2429/75302. ISSN 2075-163X.
Maiman, T.H. (1960). "Stimulated optical radiation in ruby". Nature. 187 (4736): 493–494. Bibcode:1960Natur.187..493M. doi:10.1038/187493a0. S2CID 4224209.

farlang.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Bahadur: a Handbook of Precious Stones". 1943. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
"Thomas Nicols: A Lapidary or History of Gemstones". 1652. Archived from the original on August 19, 2007. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
Smith, Henry G. (1896). "Chapter 2, Sapphires, Rubies". Gems and Precious Stones. Charles Potter Government Printer, Australia. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007.

fieldgemology.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Vincent Pardieu Lead Glass Filled/Repaired Rubies Archived 31 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Asian Institute of Gemological Sciences Gem Testing Laboratory. February 2005

france24.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 362^nd place)

"Rubies, the buried treasures of Pakistani Kashmir". France24. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2019.

garrard.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Garrards – Treasures (large and important jewelry pieces)". Archived from the original on 29 July 2012. Retrieved 8 November 2010.

gemdat.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Ruby on Gemdat.org Archived 3 September 2021 at the Wayback Machine

gemsociety.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Ruby and Sapphire Origins". International Gem Society. Archived from the original on 30 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
"The Allure of Mozambique Rubies - International Gem Society". International Gem Society. Archived from the original on 24 January 2026. Retrieved 25 March 2026.
Arem, Joel E. (July 2021). "Ruby and Sapphire Origins". gemsociety.org.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"Ruby and Sapphire Grading Tools". International Gem Society. Archived from the original on 4 May 2021. Retrieved 4 May 2021.

gia.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,053^rd place)

"Mozambique: A Ruby Discovery for the 21st Century | Gems & Gemology". www.gia.edu. Archived from the original on 9 December 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
Wim, Vertriest (Summer 2019). "Ruby From Mozambique: A Review" (PDF). Gems and Gemology.
"GIA – Greenland Ruby". www.gia.edu. Archived from the original on 19 May 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
"Characteristics of Treated Rubies from Greenland". www.gia.edu. Archived from the original on 19 November 2025. Retrieved 25 March 2026.
Vertriest, Wim (Spring 2019). "Greenland Ruby Update". Gems & Gemology. 55 (1).
"Lead Glass-Filled Rubies". GIA Global Dispatch. Gemological Institute of America. February 16, 2012. Archived from the original on June 14, 2012. Retrieved January 22, 2020.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Giuliani, Gaston; Groat, Lee A.; Fallick, Anthony E.; Pignatelli, Isabella; Pardieu, Vincent (July 2020). "Ruby Deposits: A Review and Geological Classification". Minerals. 10 (7): 597. Bibcode:2020Mine...10..597G. doi:10.3390/min10070597. hdl:2429/75302. ISSN 2075-163X.

macleans.ca (Global: 2,327^th place; English: 1,215^th place)

"The dangerous world of Pakistan's gem trade". Maclean's. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2019.

megalithic.co.uk (Global: 8,511^th place; English: 6,400^th place)

C. Michael Hogan, Silk Road, North China Archived 2 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, The Megalithic Portal. 19 November 2007

mindat.org (Global: 712^th place; English: 1,219^th place)

"Ruby". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 4 July 2025.

miramodus.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Images of molecular models from Miramodus". Archived from the original on 24 November 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2019.

nationaljeweler.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Greenland Ruby Has Shut Down Its Mine". nationaljeweler.com. Retrieved 25 March 2026.

news.yahoo.com (Global: 183^rd place; English: 212^th place)

Elizabeth Taylor's ruby and diamond necklace Archived 5 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. News.yahoo.com (7 September 2011). Retrieved on 2012-07-11.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Lankarani, Nazanin (2 July 2023). "When It Comes to Rubies, Is Mozambique the New Star?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
Lankarani, Nazanin (2 July 2023). "When It Comes to Rubies, Is Mozambique the New Star?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 25 March 2026.
Kathleen Beckett (10 February 2020). "Spinel: 'The Great Impostor' No More". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 29 December 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2023.

phys.org (Global: 1,595^th place; English: 1,363^rd place)

Caroline Nelly Perrot. "Rubies, the buried treasures of Pakistani Kashmir". Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2019.

physicsopenlab.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Ruby Crystal Fluorescence". PhysicsOpenLab. Archived from the original on 4 May 2021. Retrieved 4 May 2021.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Maiman, T.H. (1960). "Stimulated optical radiation in ruby". Nature. 187 (4736): 493–494. Bibcode:1960Natur.187..493M. doi:10.1038/187493a0. S2CID 4224209.

si.edu (Global: 256^th place; English: 197^th place)

mnh.si.edu

"The Carmen Lúcia Ruby". Exhibitions. Archived from the original on 9 March 2008. Retrieved 28 February 2008.

starlanka.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Burmese Ruby – The King of Natural Ruby Gem Stone". Archived from the original on 25 March 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2022.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Corundum data on Webmineral Archived 1 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine
Ruby on Gemdat.org Archived 3 September 2021 at the Wayback Machine
Precious Stones Archived 2017-12-18 at the Wayback Machine, Max Bauer, p. 2
Holland, Oscar (8 June 2023). "Largest ruby ever to come to auction sells for record-breaking $34.8 million". CNN. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
"Images of molecular models from Miramodus". Archived from the original on 24 November 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
"Ruby: causes of color". Archived from the original on March 21, 2016. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
"Ruby Crystal Fluorescence". PhysicsOpenLab. Archived from the original on 4 May 2021. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
Matlins, Antoinette Leonard (2010). Colored Gemstones. Gemstone Press. p. 203. ISBN 978-0-943763-72-9. Archived from the original on 2 May 2016.
Reed, Peter (1991). Gemmology. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 337. ISBN 0-7506-6449-5. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017.
"Ruby and Sapphire Origins". International Gem Society. Archived from the original on 30 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
"Mozambique: A Ruby Discovery for the 21st Century | Gems & Gemology". www.gia.edu. Archived from the original on 9 December 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
"The Allure of Mozambique Rubies - International Gem Society". International Gem Society. Archived from the original on 24 January 2026. Retrieved 25 March 2026.
Caucaso, Osservatorio Balcani e. "A Macedonian Ruby". OBC Transeuropa (in Italian). Archived from the original on 21 March 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
Kathleen Beckett (10 February 2020). "Spinel: 'The Great Impostor' No More". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 29 December 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
"Burmese Ruby – The King of Natural Ruby Gem Stone". Archived from the original on 25 March 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
"Rubies, the buried treasures of Pakistani Kashmir". France24. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
Caroline Nelly Perrot. "Rubies, the buried treasures of Pakistani Kashmir". Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
"The dangerous world of Pakistan's gem trade". Maclean's. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
"GIA – Greenland Ruby". www.gia.edu. Archived from the original on 19 May 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
"Characteristics of Treated Rubies from Greenland". www.gia.edu. Archived from the original on 19 November 2025. Retrieved 25 March 2026.
"Ruby and Sapphire Grading Tools". International Gem Society. Archived from the original on 4 May 2021. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
Vincent Pardieu Lead Glass Filled/Repaired Rubies Archived 31 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Asian Institute of Gemological Sciences Gem Testing Laboratory. February 2005
"Lead Glass-Filled Rubies". GIA Global Dispatch. Gemological Institute of America. February 16, 2012. Archived from the original on June 14, 2012. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
"Bahadur: a Handbook of Precious Stones". 1943. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
"Thomas Nicols: A Lapidary or History of Gemstones". 1652. Archived from the original on August 19, 2007. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
"The Carmen Lúcia Ruby". Exhibitions. Archived from the original on 9 March 2008. Retrieved 28 February 2008.
"Garrards – Treasures (large and important jewelry pieces)". Archived from the original on 29 July 2012. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
The Legendary Jewels, Evening Sale & Jewelry (Sessions II and III) | Press Release | Christie's Archived 29 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Christies.com (14 December 2011). Retrieved on 2012-07-11.
Elizabeth Taylor's ruby and diamond necklace Archived 5 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. News.yahoo.com (7 September 2011). Retrieved on 2012-07-11.
"'Irreplaceable' $2 Million Ruby Stolen In Wilmington Jewelry Heist". CBS Philly. 9 January 2012. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
"World's most expensive coloured gem sells for $30m". BBC. 13 May 2015. Archived from the original on 13 May 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
C. Michael Hogan, Silk Road, North China Archived 2 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, The Megalithic Portal. 19 November 2007
Smith, Henry G. (1896). "Chapter 2, Sapphires, Rubies". Gems and Precious Stones. Charles Potter Government Printer, Australia. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007.

webexhibits.org (Global: 8,331^st place; English: 8,510^th place)

"Ruby: causes of color". Archived from the original on March 21, 2016. Retrieved March 28, 2016.

webmineral.com (Global: 3,342^nd place; English: 4,187^th place)

Corundum data on Webmineral Archived 1 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Lankarani, Nazanin (2 July 2023). "When It Comes to Rubies, Is Mozambique the New Star?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
Lankarani, Nazanin (2 July 2023). "When It Comes to Rubies, Is Mozambique the New Star?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 25 March 2026.
Giuliani, Gaston; Groat, Lee A.; Fallick, Anthony E.; Pignatelli, Isabella; Pardieu, Vincent (July 2020). "Ruby Deposits: A Review and Geological Classification". Minerals. 10 (7): 597. Bibcode:2020Mine...10..597G. doi:10.3390/min10070597. hdl:2429/75302. ISSN 2075-163X.

Ruby (English Wikipedia)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

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balcanicaucaso.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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cnn.com (Global: 36th place; English: 26th place)

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farlang.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

fieldgemology.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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garrard.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

gemdat.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

gemsociety.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

gia.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,053rd place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66th place; English: 34th place)

macleans.ca (Global: 2,327th place; English: 1,215th place)

megalithic.co.uk (Global: 8,511th place; English: 6,400th place)

mindat.org (Global: 712th place; English: 1,219th place)

miramodus.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

nationaljeweler.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)

phys.org (Global: 1,595th place; English: 1,363rd place)

physicsopenlab.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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si.edu (Global: 256th place; English: 197th place)

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webmineral.com (Global: 3,342nd place; English: 4,187th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

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cbslocal.com (Global: 1,062^nd place; English: 552^nd place)

christies.com (Global: 2,594^th place; English: 1,829^th place)

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

france24.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 362^nd place)

gia.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,053^rd place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

macleans.ca (Global: 2,327^th place; English: 1,215^th place)

megalithic.co.uk (Global: 8,511^th place; English: 6,400^th place)

mindat.org (Global: 712^th place; English: 1,219^th place)

news.yahoo.com (Global: 183^rd place; English: 212^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

phys.org (Global: 1,595^th place; English: 1,363^rd place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

si.edu (Global: 256^th place; English: 197^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

webexhibits.org (Global: 8,331^st place; English: 8,510^th place)

webmineral.com (Global: 3,342^nd place; English: 4,187^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)