SMS language (English Wikipedia)

Fisher, John Arbuthnot (1919). Memories. London: Hodder and Stoughton. p. 77-78.
Crystal, David (2009). Txtng the gr8 db8. New York: Oxford University Press.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

Is txt mightier than the sword?, BBC News, 4 March 2003

besttextmarketing.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"History of Short Message Service (SMS)". Reviews and Ratings of SMS Marketing Services. Best Text Marketing. 16 November 2010. Retrieved 18 March 2012.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Katz, J.E.; Aakhus, M. (2002). Perpetual Contact: Mobile Communication, Private Talk, Public Performance. Cambridge University Press. p. 184. ISBN 978-0-521-00266-0. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
Eriksson-Zetterquist, U.; Kalling, T.; Styhre, A. (2011). Organizing Technologies (in Italian). Liber. p. 144. ISBN 978-87-630-0239-4. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
Gowers, R. (2016). Horrible Words: A Guide to the Misuse of English. Penguin Books Limited. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-84614-852-1. Retrieved 26 January 2021. There is also youthful crowing over those who write 'HIFW when'. HIFW is short for 'how I feel when'....

cambridge.org (Global: 305^th place; English: 264^th place)

dictionary.cambridge.org

"BRB / Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary". Cambridge Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
"IKR - Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary". Cambridge Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
"tldr Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary". dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved 4 September 2018.

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,053^rd place; English: 701^st place)

"Gg definition and meaning". Collins Dictionary. HarperCollins Publishers. Retrieved 26 January 2021.

david-crystal.blogspot.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"DCBLOG". Blog.oup.com. 10 July 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2012.

dictionary.com (Global: 794^th place; English: 588^th place)

"Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words". Dictionary.com.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Silberstein, Sandra (2018). "Maintaining "Good Guys" and "Bad Guys": Implicit Language Policies in Media Coverage of International Crises". In Tollefson, James W; Pérez-Milans, Miguel (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Language Policy and Planning. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 318–332. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190458898.013.18. ISBN 978-0-19-045889-8.
Beverly, Plester; Wood, Clare; Joshi, Puja (2009). "Exploring the relationship between children's knowledge of text message abbreviations and school literacy outcomes". British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 27 (1): 145–161. doi:10.1348/026151008X320507. PMID 19972666.
Watt, Helen J. (2010). "How Does the Use of Modern Communication Technology Influence Language and Literacy Development? - A Review" (PDF). Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders. 37: 141–148. doi:10.1044/cicsd_36_F_141. S2CID 12825749.
Ling, Richard (2005). R. Ling; P. Pedersen (eds.). "The socio-linguistics of SMS: An analysis of SMS use by a random sample of Norwegians". Mobile Communications: Renegotiation of the Social Sphere. Computer Supported Cooperative Work. London: Springer: 335–349. doi:10.1007/1-84628-248-9_22. ISBN 1-85233-931-4.
Provine, Robert R.; Spencer, Robert J.; Mandell, Darcy L. (2007). "Emotional Expression Online". Journal of Language and Social Psychology. 26 (3): 299–307. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.951.3579. doi:10.1177/0261927x06303481. S2CID 144254798.
Cingel, Drew P.; Sundar, S. Shyam (December 2012). "Texting, techspeak, and tweens: The relationship between text messaging and English grammar skills". New Media & Society. 14 (8): 1304–1320. doi:10.1177/1461444812442927. ISSN 1461-4448. S2CID 5469636.

howtogeek.com (Global: 6,527^th place; English: 4,344^th place)

Finch, Joshalynne (2 August 2020). "What Does "IMY" Mean, and How Do You Use It?". How-To Geek. Retrieved 26 February 2021.

iadis.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Mphahlele, Mampa Lorna; Mashamaite, Kwena (2005). "The Impact of Short Message Service (SMS) Language on Language Proficiency of Learners and the SMS Dictionaries: A Challenge for Educators and Lexicographers" (PDF). In Isaías, Pedro; Borg, Carmel; Kommers, Piet; Bonanno, Philip (eds.). Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference Mobile Learning 2005. International Association for Development of the Information Society. pp. 161–168. ISBN 972-8939-02-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 December 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2012.

knowyourmeme.com (Global: 4,837^th place; English: 4,560^th place)

"L.A. Noire 'Doubt' / Press X To Doubt". 19 May 2017.

languageatinternet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Berman, Isabel (2006). "Email-"Inspired" Changes in Non-Native Legal Discourse". Language@Internet. 3. urn:nbn:de:0009-7-3726.

lifewire.com (Global: 5,910^th place; English: 4,171^st place)

Gil, Paul Gil Writer Paul; internet, a former Lifewire writer who is also known for his dynamic; Courses, Database; Gil, has been active in technology fields for over two decades our editorial process Paul. "Wondering What "TMI" Means? Here's the Answer". Lifewire. Retrieved 9 June 2020.

lingo2word.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Text Message Translator, Online Text Message Dictionary". Archived from the original on 29 March 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
"Translate your txt messages". Archived from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2012.

marieclaire.com (Global: 1,853^rd place; English: 1,201^st place)

Peng, Chelsea (3 November 2015). "15 Reasons "AF" Should Just Become an Official Unit of Measurement Already". Marie Claire. Hearst Communications. Retrieved 24 August 2016.

metro.co.uk (Global: 296^th place; English: 217^th place)

Radnedge, Aidan (16 August 2011). "The stripped-down form of writing that goes with texting has been with us for more than 120 years, research has uncovered". metro.co.uk. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.

mobilemessaging2.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Messaging 2.0". Mobilemessaging2.com. Retrieved 20 December 2011.

nbn-resolving.de (Global: 3,251^st place; English: 7,630^th place)

Berman, Isabel (2006). "Email-"Inspired" Changes in Non-Native Legal Discourse". Language@Internet. 3. urn:nbn:de:0009-7-3726.

newstatesman.com (Global: 1,108^th place; English: 661^st place)

Walters, Guy. "New Statesman". New Statesman. Retrieved 20 December 2011.

newsweek.com (Global: 269^th place; English: 201^st place)

Huang, Lily (1 August 2008). "Technology: Textese May Be the Death of English". Newsweek. Retrieved 20 December 2011.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Beverly, Plester; Wood, Clare; Joshi, Puja (2009). "Exploring the relationship between children's knowledge of text message abbreviations and school literacy outcomes". British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 27 (1): 145–161. doi:10.1348/026151008X320507. PMID 19972666.

nsslha.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Watt, Helen J. (2010). "How Does the Use of Modern Communication Technology Influence Language and Literacy Development? - A Review" (PDF). Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders. 37: 141–148. doi:10.1044/cicsd_36_F_141. S2CID 12825749.

nzherald.co.nz (Global: 435^th place; English: 276^th place)

Trevett, Claire; Houlahan, Mike (10 November 2006). "Text language risky move in NCEA examinations". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 15 March 2012.

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Provine, Robert R.; Spencer, Robert J.; Mandell, Darcy L. (2007). "Emotional Expression Online". Journal of Language and Social Psychology. 26 (3): 299–307. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.951.3579. doi:10.1177/0261927x06303481. S2CID 144254798.

reuters.com (Global: 49^th place; English: 47^th place)

"If u cn rd this quickly, gd 4 u". Reuters. Reuters.com. 10 December 2008. Retrieved 20 December 2011.

rice.edu (Global: 3,843^rd place; English: 2,772^nd place)

ruf.rice.edu

"Internet Slang". www.ruf.rice.edu.

sagepub.com (Global: 731^st place; English: 638^th place)

journals.sagepub.com

Cingel, Drew P.; Sundar, S. Shyam (December 2012). "Texting, techspeak, and tweens: The relationship between text messaging and English grammar skills". New Media & Society. 14 (8): 1304–1320. doi:10.1177/1461444812442927. ISSN 1461-4448. S2CID 5469636.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Watt, Helen J. (2010). "How Does the Use of Modern Communication Technology Influence Language and Literacy Development? - A Review" (PDF). Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders. 37: 141–148. doi:10.1044/cicsd_36_F_141. S2CID 12825749.
Provine, Robert R.; Spencer, Robert J.; Mandell, Darcy L. (2007). "Emotional Expression Online". Journal of Language and Social Psychology. 26 (3): 299–307. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.951.3579. doi:10.1177/0261927x06303481. S2CID 144254798.
Cingel, Drew P.; Sundar, S. Shyam (December 2012). "Texting, techspeak, and tweens: The relationship between text messaging and English grammar skills". New Media & Society. 14 (8): 1304–1320. doi:10.1177/1461444812442927. ISSN 1461-4448. S2CID 5469636.

sendsms.global (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Text Abbreviations Used in SMS Messaging". 11 September 2019. Retrieved 11 September 2019.

shu.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

extra.shu.ac.uk

Thurlow, Crispin. "Generation Txt? The sociolinguistics of young people's text messaging". Discourse Analysis Online (DAOL).

smart-words.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"50 Popular Texting Abbreviations & Internet Acronyms — Explained". 15 March 2019. Archived from the original on 15 March 2019.
"50 Popular Texting Abbreviations & Internet Acronyms — Explained". www.smart-words.org.

speakenglishcenter.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Test your smartphone English skills, Speak English Center blog, 2014

suchwork.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lawson, Meredith (6 April 2025). "Shorthand vs Shortchanged: Impact of Texting Abbreviations". SuchWork. Retrieved 11 April 2025.

sun.ac.za (Global: low place; English: low place)

scholar.sun.ac.za

Freudenberg, Kristy. "Investigating the impact of SMS speak on the written work of English first language and English second language high school learners" (PDF). MA Thesis: Philosophy Stellenbosch University. Retrieved 19 March 2012.

teflin.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

journal.teflin.org

Perrett, Gillian. "Globalization and the de-Anglicization of English". Universiti Brunei Darussalum. Retrieved 18 March 2012.

tesol-france.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Muhammad, Shaban Rafi. "SMS text analysis: Language, gender and current practices" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2012.

thefreedictionary.com (Global: 614^th place; English: 572^nd place)

acronyms.thefreedictionary.com

"IIUC" – via The Free Dictionary.

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

Dabhoiwala, Faramerz (2 April 2016). "How English Became English by Simon Horobin review – 'OMG' was first used 100 years ago". The Guardian (Review section). London. p. 7. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
Crystal, David (5 July 2008). "2b or not 2b?". The Guardian. Retrieved 25 March 2011.

tmforum.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

inform.tmforum.org

"Margins under pressure: WhatsApp generates three times more daily traffic than SMS".

upenn.edu (Global: 702^nd place; English: 520^th place)

languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu

Pullum, Geoffrey K. (15 January 2012). "Waterstones". Language Log. Retrieved 18 March 2012.

vodacommessaging.co.za (Global: low place; English: low place)

"SMS Dictionary". Vodacom Messaging. Retrieved 16 March 2012.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Radnedge, Aidan (16 August 2011). "The stripped-down form of writing that goes with texting has been with us for more than 120 years, research has uncovered". metro.co.uk. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
Muhammad, Shaban Rafi. "SMS text analysis: Language, gender and current practices" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2012.
Mphahlele, Mampa Lorna; Mashamaite, Kwena (2005). "The Impact of Short Message Service (SMS) Language on Language Proficiency of Learners and the SMS Dictionaries: A Challenge for Educators and Lexicographers" (PDF). In Isaías, Pedro; Borg, Carmel; Kommers, Piet; Bonanno, Philip (eds.). Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference Mobile Learning 2005. International Association for Development of the Information Society. pp. 161–168. ISBN 972-8939-02-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 December 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2012.
"Text Message Translator, Online Text Message Dictionary". Archived from the original on 29 March 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
"Translate your txt messages". Archived from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
"50 Popular Texting Abbreviations & Internet Acronyms — Explained". 15 March 2019. Archived from the original on 15 March 2019.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Cingel, Drew P.; Sundar, S. Shyam (December 2012). "Texting, techspeak, and tweens: The relationship between text messaging and English grammar skills". New Media & Society. 14 (8): 1304–1320. doi:10.1177/1461444812442927. ISSN 1461-4448. S2CID 5469636.

wsj.com (Global: 79^th place; English: 65^th place)

Vranica, Suzanne (3 April 2008). "Marketers Try to Be 'Kewl' With Text-Message Lingo". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 27 February 2012.

SMS language (English Wikipedia)

allacronyms.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8th place; English: 10th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

besttextmarketing.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

cambridge.org (Global: 305th place; English: 264th place)

dictionary.cambridge.org

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,053rd place; English: 701st place)

david-crystal.blogspot.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

dictionary.com (Global: 794th place; English: 588th place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

howtogeek.com (Global: 6,527th place; English: 4,344th place)

iadis.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

knowyourmeme.com (Global: 4,837th place; English: 4,560th place)

languageatinternet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

lifewire.com (Global: 5,910th place; English: 4,171st place)

lingo2word.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

marieclaire.com (Global: 1,853rd place; English: 1,201st place)

metro.co.uk (Global: 296th place; English: 217th place)

mobilemessaging2.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

nbn-resolving.de (Global: 3,251st place; English: 7,630th place)

newstatesman.com (Global: 1,108th place; English: 661st place)

newsweek.com (Global: 269th place; English: 201st place)

nih.gov (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nsslha.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

nzherald.co.nz (Global: 435th place; English: 276th place)

psu.edu (Global: 207th place; English: 136th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

reuters.com (Global: 49th place; English: 47th place)

rice.edu (Global: 3,843rd place; English: 2,772nd place)

ruf.rice.edu

sagepub.com (Global: 731st place; English: 638th place)

journals.sagepub.com

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

sendsms.global (Global: low place; English: low place)

shu.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

extra.shu.ac.uk

smart-words.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

speakenglishcenter.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

suchwork.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

sun.ac.za (Global: low place; English: low place)

scholar.sun.ac.za

teflin.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

journal.teflin.org

tesol-france.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

thefreedictionary.com (Global: 614th place; English: 572nd place)

acronyms.thefreedictionary.com

theguardian.com (Global: 12th place; English: 11th place)

tmforum.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

inform.tmforum.org

upenn.edu (Global: 702nd place; English: 520th place)

languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu

vodacommessaging.co.za (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

wsj.com (Global: 79th place; English: 65th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cambridge.org (Global: 305^th place; English: 264^th place)

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,053^rd place; English: 701^st place)

dictionary.com (Global: 794^th place; English: 588^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

howtogeek.com (Global: 6,527^th place; English: 4,344^th place)

knowyourmeme.com (Global: 4,837^th place; English: 4,560^th place)

lifewire.com (Global: 5,910^th place; English: 4,171^st place)

marieclaire.com (Global: 1,853^rd place; English: 1,201^st place)

metro.co.uk (Global: 296^th place; English: 217^th place)

nbn-resolving.de (Global: 3,251^st place; English: 7,630^th place)

newstatesman.com (Global: 1,108^th place; English: 661^st place)

newsweek.com (Global: 269^th place; English: 201^st place)

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

nzherald.co.nz (Global: 435^th place; English: 276^th place)

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

reuters.com (Global: 49^th place; English: 47^th place)

rice.edu (Global: 3,843^rd place; English: 2,772^nd place)

sagepub.com (Global: 731^st place; English: 638^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

thefreedictionary.com (Global: 614^th place; English: 572^nd place)

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

upenn.edu (Global: 702^nd place; English: 520^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

wsj.com (Global: 79^th place; English: 65^th place)