Sahara (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Sahara" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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62web.archive.org

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28doi.org

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academia.edu

Soukopova, Jitka (2017). "Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules". Journal of Arid Environments. 143: 10. Bibcode:2017JArEn.143...10S. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011. Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
Gatto, Maria C. "The Nubian Pastoral Culture as Link between Egypt and Africa: A View from the Archaeological Record". Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.

aljazeera.com

"Algeria recalls envoy to Morocco in row over Western Sahara". Al-Jazeera. 18 July 2021. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2021.

amazon.com

Walton, K. (2007). The Arid Zones. Aldine. ASIN B008MR69VM.

archaeology.org

Keys, David (2004). "Kingdom of the Sands". Archaeology. Vol. 57, no. 2.

archive.org

Cockburn, A. (1980). Mummies, Disease and Ancient Cultures. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23020-9.

archive.today

Wauthier, René. "Reconnaissance saharienne". French Cinema Archives (in French). Archived from the original on 12 April 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2013.

arxiv.org

Farr, Ben; Farr, Will M.; Cowan, Nicolas B.; Haggard, Hal M.; Robinson, Tyler (2018). "Exocartographer: A Bayesian Framework for Mapping Exoplanets in Reflected Light". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (4): 146. arXiv:1802.06805. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..146F. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad775. S2CID 85443933.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Rare cheetah captured on camera". BBC News. 24 February 2009. Archived from the original on 1 August 2010. Retrieved 12 June 2010.

bbc.com

"Mali Tuareg rebels declare independence in the north". BBC News. 6 April 2012. Archived from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2021.

books.google.com

Griffiths, Ieuan L.I. (17 June 2013). The Atlas of African Affairs. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-85552-9. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
Oliver, John E. (23 April 2008). Encyclopedia of World Climatology. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4020-3264-6. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
Griffiths, John F.; Driscoll, Dennis M. (1982). Survey of Climatology. C.E. Merrill Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-675-09994-3. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2020.
Nicholson, Sharon E. (27 October 2011). Dryland Climatology. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-50024-1. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
Houérou, Henry N. (10 December 2008). Bioclimatology and Biogeography of Africa. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3-540-85192-9. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
Brown, G.W. (17 September 2013). Desert Biology: Special Topics on the Physical and Biological Aspects of Arid Regions. Elsevier. ISBN 978-1-4832-1663-8. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
Mares, Michael A., ed. (1999). Encyclopedia of Deserts. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 490. ISBN 978-0-8061-3146-7. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
Houérou, Henry N. (2008). Bioclimatology and Biogeography of Africa. Springer. p. 82. ISBN 978-3-540-85192-9. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
Soukopova, Jitka (16 January 2013). Round Heads: The Earliest Rock Paintings in the Sahara. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 19–24. ISBN 978-1-4438-4579-3. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
MacDonald, K.; Vernet, R. (2007). Early domesticated pearl millet in Dhar Nema (Mauritania): evidence of crop processing waste as ceramic temper. Netherlands: Barkhuis. pp. 71–76. ISBN 9789077922309. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
Sterry, Martin; Mattingly, David J. (26 March 2020). Urbanisation and State Formation in the Ancient Sahara and Beyond. Cambridge University Press. p. 318. ISBN 9781108494441. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2021.

britannica.com

"Sahara | Location, History, Map, Countries, Animals, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.

cambridge.org

Quade, J.; Dente, E.; Armon, M.; Ben Dor, Y.; Morin, E.; Adam, O.; Enzel, Y. (2018). "Megalakes in the Sahara? A Review". Quaternary Research. 90 (2). Cambridge University Press: 253–275. Bibcode:2018QuRes..90..253Q. doi:10.1017/qua.2018.46. S2CID 133889170. Archived from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.

cnc-aff.fr

Wauthier, René. "Reconnaissance saharienne". French Cinema Archives (in French). Archived from the original on 12 April 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2013.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

"Snow falls in Sahara for first time in 37 years". CNN. 21 December 2016. Archived from the original on 23 December 2016. Retrieved 22 December 2016.

csmonitor.com

"Libya's Qaddafi taps 'fossil water' to irrigate desert farms". CSMonitor.com. 23 August 2010. Archived from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2021.

discovermagazine.com

Discover Magazine Archived 6 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine, 2006-Oct.

doi.org

Cook, Kerry H.; Vizy, Edward K. (2015). "Detection and Analysis of an Amplified Warming of the Sahara Desert". Journal of Climate. 28 (16): 6560. Bibcode:2015JCli...28.6560C. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00230.1.
Farr, Ben; Farr, Will M.; Cowan, Nicolas B.; Haggard, Hal M.; Robinson, Tyler (2018). "Exocartographer: A Bayesian Framework for Mapping Exoplanets in Reflected Light". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (4): 146. arXiv:1802.06805. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..146F. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad775. S2CID 85443933.
Grove, A.T.; Nicole (2007) [1958]. "The Ancient Erg of Hausaland, and Similar Formations on the South Side of the Sahara". The Geographical Journal. 124 (4): 528–533. doi:10.2307/1790942. JSTOR 1790942.
Visbeck, Martin H.; Hurrell, James W.; Polvani, Lorenzo; Cullen, Heidi M. (6 November 2001). "The North Atlantic Oscillation: Past, present, and future". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 98 (23): 12876–12877. Bibcode:2001PNAS...9812876V. doi:10.1073/pnas.231391598. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 60791. PMID 11687629.
Hurrell, James W.; Kushnir, Yochanan; Ottersen, Geir; Visbeck, Martin (2003), "An Overview of the North Atlantic Oscillation", The North Atlantic Oscillation: Climatic Significance and Environmental Impact, vol. 134, American Geophysical Union (AGU), pp. 1–35, Bibcode:2003GMS...134....1H, doi:10.1029/134gm01, ISBN 978-1-118-66903-7, S2CID 13890714, archived from the original on 18 January 2022, retrieved 18 January 2022
Yan, Qing; Contoux, Camille; Camille Li; Schuster, Mathieu; Ramstein, Gilles; Zhang, Zhongshi (17 September 2014). "Aridification of the Sahara desert caused by Tethys Sea shrinkage during the Late Miocene". Nature. 513 (7518): 401–404. Bibcode:2014Natur.513..401Z. doi:10.1038/nature13705. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 25230661. S2CID 205240355.
White, Kevin; Mattingly, David J. (2006). "Ancient Lakes of the Sahara". American Scientist. 94 (1): 58–65. doi:10.1511/2006.57.983.
Foley, Jonathan A.; Coe, Michael T.; Scheffer, Marten; Wang, Guiling (1 October 2003). "Regime Shifts in the Sahara and Sahel: Interactions between Ecological and Climatic Systems in Northern Africa". Ecosystems. 6 (6): 524–539. Bibcode:2003Ecosy...6..524F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.533.5471. doi:10.1007/s10021-002-0227-0. S2CID 12698952.
Kutzbach, J.E. (2 October 1981). "Monsoon Climate of the Early Holocene: Climate Experiment with the Earth's Orbital Parameters for 9000 Years Ago". Science. 214 (4516): 59–61. Bibcode:1981Sci...214...59K. doi:10.1126/science.214.4516.59. PMID 17802573. S2CID 10388125.
Kröpelin, Stefan; et al. (2008). "Climate-Driven Ecosystem Succession in the Sahara: The Past 6000 Years" (PDF). Science. 320 (5877): 765–768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..765K. doi:10.1126/science.1154913. PMID 18467583. S2CID 9045667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2013.
Quade, J.; Dente, E.; Armon, M.; Ben Dor, Y.; Morin, E.; Adam, O.; Enzel, Y. (2018). "Megalakes in the Sahara? A Review". Quaternary Research. 90 (2). Cambridge University Press: 253–275. Bibcode:2018QuRes..90..253Q. doi:10.1017/qua.2018.46. S2CID 133889170. Archived from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
Vaks, Anton; Bar-Matthews, Miryam; Ayalon, Avner; Matthews, Alan; Halicz, Ludwik; Frumkin, Amos (2007). "Desert speleothems reveal climatic window for African exodus of early modern humans" (PDF). Geology. 35 (9): 831. Bibcode:2007Geo....35..831V. doi:10.1130/G23794A.1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011.
Stager, J.C.; Johnson, T.C. (2008). "The late Pleistocene desiccation of Lake Victoria and the origin of its endemic biota". Hydrobiologia. 596: 5–16. doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9158-2. S2CID 42372016.
Belbachir, F. (2008). "Acinonyx jubatus ssp. hecki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T221A13035738. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T221A13035738.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
Woodroffe, R.; Sillero-Zubiri, C. (2020). "Lycaon pictus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12436A166502262. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T12436A166502262.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
Wehner, R.; Marsh, A.C.; Wehner, S. (1992). "Desert ants on a thermal tightrope". Nature. 357 (6379): 586–87. Bibcode:1992Natur.357..586W. doi:10.1038/357586a0. S2CID 11774194.
Soukopova, Jitka (2017). "Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules". Journal of Arid Environments. 143: 10. Bibcode:2017JArEn.143...10S. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011. Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
El-Said, Mohammed (29 January 2018). "Near-perfect fossils of Egyptian dinosaur discovered in the Sahara desert". Nature Middle East. doi:10.1038/nmiddleeast.2018.7.
Sereno PC, Garcea EAA, Jousse H, Stojanowski CM, Saliège J-F, Maga A, et al. (2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.
Sereno PC, Garcea EA, Jousse H, Stojanowski CM, Saliège JF, Maga A, et al. (2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.
Wengrow, David; Dee, Michael; Foster, Sarah; Stevenson, Alice; Ramsey, Christopher Bronk (March 2014). "Cultural convergence in the Neolithic of the Nile Valley: a prehistoric perspective on Egypt's place in Africa". Antiquity. 88 (339): 95–111. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00050249. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 49229774.
McDougall, E. Ann (2019). "Saharan Peoples and Societies". Oxford Research Encyclopedias. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.285. ISBN 9780190277734. Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
Holl, Augustin F.C. (2009). "Coping with uncertainty: Neolithic life in the Dhar Tichitt-Walata, Mauritania, (ca. 4000–2300 BP)". Comptes Rendus Geoscience. 341 (8–9): 703–712. Bibcode:2009CRGeo.341..703H. doi:10.1016/j.crte.2009.04.005. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
Kay, Andrea U. (2019). "Diversification, Intensification and Specialization: Changing Land Use in Western Africa from 1800 BC to AD 1500". Journal of World Prehistory. 32 (2): 179–228. doi:10.1007/s10963-019-09131-2. hdl:10261/181848. S2CID 134223231. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
Champion, Louis; et al. (2021). "Agricultural diversification in West Africa: an archaeobotanical study of the site of Sadia (Dogon Country, Mali)". Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. 13 (4): 60. Bibcode:2021ArAnS..13...60C. doi:10.1007/s12520-021-01293-5. PMC 7937602. PMID 33758626.
Linares-Matás, Gonzalo J. (13 April 2022). "Spatial Organization and Socio-Economic Differentiation at the Dhar Tichitt Center of Dakhlet el Atrouss I (Southeastern Mauritania)". African Archaeological Review. 39 (2): 167–188. doi:10.1007/s10437-022-09479-5. ISSN 1572-9842. OCLC 9530792981. S2CID 248132575.
Vernet, Robert; Gestrich, Nikolas; Coutros, Peter R. (27 September 2023). "The Tichitt Culture and the Malian Lakes Region". African Archaeological Review. 40 (4): 761–773. doi:10.1007/s10437-023-09554-5.
Drake, Nick A.; Blench, Roger M.; Armitage, Simon J.; Bristow, Charlie S.; White, Kevin H. (11 January 2011). "Ancient watercourses and biogeography of the Sahara explain the peopling of the desert". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108 (2): 458–462. Bibcode:2011PNAS..108..458D. doi:10.1073/pnas.1012231108. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 3021035. PMID 21187416.

dokumen.tips

MacDonald, K.C. "Betwixt Tichitt and the IND: the pottery of the Faita Facies, Tichitt Tradition". Dokumen. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.

ectaco.co.uk

online.ectaco.co.uk

"English-Arabic online dictionary". Online.ectaco.co.uk. 28 December 2006. Archived from the original on 9 March 2009. Retrieved 12 June 2010.

esri.com

storymaps.esri.com

"Is the World Full or Empty?". Story Maps. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2018.

etymonline.com

"Sahara." Archived 11 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine Online Etymology Dictionary. Douglas Harper, Historian. Retrieved 25 June 2007.

france24.com

"Al-Qaeda in North Africa appoints new leader to replace Droukdel". France 24. 22 November 2020. Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.

free.fr

saharayro.free.fr

"Wauthier Bréard 1933" (in French). Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2013.

geology.com

"Largest Desert in the World". Archived from the original on 17 August 2007. Retrieved 30 December 2011.

globaladventurechallenges.com

WPS. "Interesting Facts About the Sahara Desert". www.globaladventurechallenges.com. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.

hacettepe.edu.tr

hjbc.hacettepe.edu.tr

Yücekutlu, Nihal; Terzioğlu, Serpil; Saydam, Cemal; Bildacı, Işık (2011). "Organic Farming By Using Saharan Soil: Could It Be An Alternative To Fertilizers?" (PDF). Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry. 39 (1): 29–38. Retrieved 23 March 2015.^{[permanent dead link]}

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Kay, Andrea U. (2019). "Diversification, Intensification and Specialization: Changing Land Use in Western Africa from 1800 BC to AD 1500". Journal of World Prehistory. 32 (2): 179–228. doi:10.1007/s10963-019-09131-2. hdl:10261/181848. S2CID 134223231. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Cook, Kerry H.; Vizy, Edward K. (2015). "Detection and Analysis of an Amplified Warming of the Sahara Desert". Journal of Climate. 28 (16): 6560. Bibcode:2015JCli...28.6560C. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00230.1.
Farr, Ben; Farr, Will M.; Cowan, Nicolas B.; Haggard, Hal M.; Robinson, Tyler (2018). "Exocartographer: A Bayesian Framework for Mapping Exoplanets in Reflected Light". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (4): 146. arXiv:1802.06805. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..146F. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad775. S2CID 85443933.
Visbeck, Martin H.; Hurrell, James W.; Polvani, Lorenzo; Cullen, Heidi M. (6 November 2001). "The North Atlantic Oscillation: Past, present, and future". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 98 (23): 12876–12877. Bibcode:2001PNAS...9812876V. doi:10.1073/pnas.231391598. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 60791. PMID 11687629.
Hurrell, James W.; Kushnir, Yochanan; Ottersen, Geir; Visbeck, Martin (2003), "An Overview of the North Atlantic Oscillation", The North Atlantic Oscillation: Climatic Significance and Environmental Impact, vol. 134, American Geophysical Union (AGU), pp. 1–35, Bibcode:2003GMS...134....1H, doi:10.1029/134gm01, ISBN 978-1-118-66903-7, S2CID 13890714, archived from the original on 18 January 2022, retrieved 18 January 2022
Yan, Qing; Contoux, Camille; Camille Li; Schuster, Mathieu; Ramstein, Gilles; Zhang, Zhongshi (17 September 2014). "Aridification of the Sahara desert caused by Tethys Sea shrinkage during the Late Miocene". Nature. 513 (7518): 401–404. Bibcode:2014Natur.513..401Z. doi:10.1038/nature13705. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 25230661. S2CID 205240355.
Foley, Jonathan A.; Coe, Michael T.; Scheffer, Marten; Wang, Guiling (1 October 2003). "Regime Shifts in the Sahara and Sahel: Interactions between Ecological and Climatic Systems in Northern Africa". Ecosystems. 6 (6): 524–539. Bibcode:2003Ecosy...6..524F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.533.5471. doi:10.1007/s10021-002-0227-0. S2CID 12698952.
Kutzbach, J.E. (2 October 1981). "Monsoon Climate of the Early Holocene: Climate Experiment with the Earth's Orbital Parameters for 9000 Years Ago". Science. 214 (4516): 59–61. Bibcode:1981Sci...214...59K. doi:10.1126/science.214.4516.59. PMID 17802573. S2CID 10388125.
Kröpelin, Stefan; et al. (2008). "Climate-Driven Ecosystem Succession in the Sahara: The Past 6000 Years" (PDF). Science. 320 (5877): 765–768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..765K. doi:10.1126/science.1154913. PMID 18467583. S2CID 9045667. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2013.
Quade, J.; Dente, E.; Armon, M.; Ben Dor, Y.; Morin, E.; Adam, O.; Enzel, Y. (2018). "Megalakes in the Sahara? A Review". Quaternary Research. 90 (2). Cambridge University Press: 253–275. Bibcode:2018QuRes..90..253Q. doi:10.1017/qua.2018.46. S2CID 133889170. Archived from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
Vaks, Anton; Bar-Matthews, Miryam; Ayalon, Avner; Matthews, Alan; Halicz, Ludwik; Frumkin, Amos (2007). "Desert speleothems reveal climatic window for African exodus of early modern humans" (PDF). Geology. 35 (9): 831. Bibcode:2007Geo....35..831V. doi:10.1130/G23794A.1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011.
Wehner, R.; Marsh, A.C.; Wehner, S. (1992). "Desert ants on a thermal tightrope". Nature. 357 (6379): 586–87. Bibcode:1992Natur.357..586W. doi:10.1038/357586a0. S2CID 11774194.
Soukopova, Jitka (2017). "Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules". Journal of Arid Environments. 143: 10. Bibcode:2017JArEn.143...10S. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011. Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
Sereno PC, Garcea EAA, Jousse H, Stojanowski CM, Saliège J-F, Maga A, et al. (2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.
Sereno PC, Garcea EA, Jousse H, Stojanowski CM, Saliège JF, Maga A, et al. (2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.
Holl, Augustin F.C. (2009). "Coping with uncertainty: Neolithic life in the Dhar Tichitt-Walata, Mauritania, (ca. 4000–2300 BP)". Comptes Rendus Geoscience. 341 (8–9): 703–712. Bibcode:2009CRGeo.341..703H. doi:10.1016/j.crte.2009.04.005. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
Champion, Louis; et al. (2021). "Agricultural diversification in West Africa: an archaeobotanical study of the site of Sadia (Dogon Country, Mali)". Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. 13 (4): 60. Bibcode:2021ArAnS..13...60C. doi:10.1007/s12520-021-01293-5. PMC 7937602. PMID 33758626.
Drake, Nick A.; Blench, Roger M.; Armitage, Simon J.; Bristow, Charlie S.; White, Kevin H. (11 January 2011). "Ancient watercourses and biogeography of the Sahara explain the peopling of the desert". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108 (2): 458–462. Bibcode:2011PNAS..108..458D. doi:10.1073/pnas.1012231108. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 3021035. PMID 21187416.

huji.ac.il

earth.huji.ac.il

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