Science and technology in Italy (English Wikipedia)

"Contacts Archived 2017-09-08 at the Wayback Machine." Italian Space Agency. Retrieved on February 27, 2016. "Via del Politecnico snc 00133 Rome, Italy"
"Parte primo space, il primo fondo Italiano che investe nell'economia spaziale" [Parte Primo Space, the first Italian fund investing in the space economy] (PDF) (in Italian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 July 2020.
"(Ri)Nasce il gruppo interparlamentare dello spazio". 25 June 2019.
"COLUMBUS". Retrieved 1 June 2022.

barsantiematteucci.it

"The Historical Documents". Barsanti e Matteucci. Fondazione Barsanti & Matteucci. 2009. Archived from the original on 25 February 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2013.

bbc.com

McGrath, Matt (4 July 2017). "Scientists solve Roman concrete puzzle". Retrieved 22 October 2019.

biography.com

"Galileo". Biography. Retrieved 23 October 2019.

books.google.com

Singer, C. (1941). A Short History of Science to the Nineteenth Century. Clarendon Press. p. 217.
Rowland, Wade. Galileo's mistake: a new look at the epic confrontation between Galileo and the Church. Arcade Publishing, 2003. p. 43. Web. 29 Sep. 2011.
Wheen, Andrew. Dot-Dash to Dot.com: How Modern Telecommunications Evolved from the Telegraph to the Internet. Archived 29 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine Springer, 2010. p. 45. Web. 23 September 2011.; Cleveland, Cutler (Lead Author); Saundry, Peter (Topic Editor). Meucci, Antonio. Archived 26 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia of Earth, 2006. Web. 22 July 2012.
Wilson, Robert L. (10 November 2015). The World of Beretta: An International Legend. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-5107-0930-0. Introductory summary Fabbrica d'Armi Pietro Beretta, S.p.A., the oldest industrial firm and the oldest gunmaker in the world. From source Italy's importance in the history of art, government, politics, warfare, and sport is recognized worldwide. [...] the advancement of technology [is] no less significant. No area of the world [played] a greater role in the evolution of firearms than the ancient Italian valley region known as Val Trompia
Mehlhorn H (2008). Encyclopedia of Parasitology, Volumes 1-2 (3 ed.). Springer-Verlag. p. 610. ISBN 978-3540489948.
Wheen, Andrew. Dot-Dash to Dot.com: How Modern Telecommunications Evolved from the Telegraph to the Internet. Archived 29 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine Springer, 2010. p. 45. Web. 23 September 2011.; Cleveland, Cutler (Lead Author); Saundry, Peter (Topic Editor). Meucci, Antonio. Archived 26 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia of Earth, 2006. Web. 22 July 2012.
Wheen, Andrew. Dot-Dash to Dot.com: How Modern Telecommunications Evolved from the Telegraph to the Internet. Archived 29 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine Springer, 2010. p. 45. Web. 23 September 2011.

britannica.com

"Italy | Facts, Geography, & History". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 24 December 2019. Italian history begins with the Etruscans
"Julian calendar | History & Difference from Gregorian Calendar". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
"Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus | Roman statesman and commander". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 28 October 2019. Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, byname Cunctator, [...] Roman military commander and statesman whose cautious delaying tactics (whence the nickname "Cunctator," meaning "delayer")...
"Battery - Development of batteries". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 October 2019.

centennialofflight.gov

Asif Siddiqi. "International Space Agencies". U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission. Archived from the original on 30 July 2010. Retrieved 22 August 2010.

classicfm.com

"Why do we use Italian words in music notation?". Classic FM. Retrieved 22 October 2019.

cnr.it

"CNR - Chi siamo" (in Italian). Retrieved 30 May 2022.

confindustria.it

"Mappa delle competenze delle imprese in Ricerca & Innovazione" (PDF). Retrieved 30 May 2022.

congress.gov

Fossella, Vito (11 June 2002). "Text - H.Res.269 - 107th Congress (2001-2002): Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives to honor the life and achievements of 19th Century Italian-American inventor Antonio Meucci, and his work in the invention of the telephone". www.congress.gov. Retrieved 22 October 2019.

darioflaccovio.it

"La composizione del cemento romano è la Formula perfetta" (in Italian). Retrieved 1 June 2022.

dartmouth.edu

math.dartmouth.edu

"Geometry in Art & Architecture Unit 11". math.dartmouth.edu. Retrieved 22 October 2019.

doi.org

Kemp, Martin (2003). "Leonardo da Vinci". Grove Art Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T050401. ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4. (subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required)
World Intellectual Property Organization (2024). Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship. Geneva. p. 18. doi:10.34667/tind.50062. ISBN 978-92-805-3681-2. Retrieved 22 October 2024. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Catanzaro, Michele (2021). "La materia oscura verrà scoperta al Gran Sasso?". Nature Italy (in Italian). doi:10.1038/d43978-021-00112-8. S2CID 239131992. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
Ferrari, N. (2005). "Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and the Ilias Initiative". The Identification of Dark Matter. pp. 432–439. doi:10.1142/9789812701848_0065. ISBN 978-981-256-344-6. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
WIPO (2022). Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition. World Intellectual Property Organization. doi:10.34667/tind.46596. ISBN 978-92-805-3432-0. Retrieved 23 October 2023. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
Ketley, A. D.; Werber, F. X. (14 August 1964). "Stereospecific Polymerization: A revolution in polymer synthesis has occurred in the last decade". Science. 145 (3633): 667–673. doi:10.1126/science.145.3633.667. PMID 14163799. S2CID 21604946.
Roncalli Amici R (2001). "The history of Italian parasitology" (PDF). Veterinary Parasitology. 98 (1–3): 3–10. doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(01)00420-4. PMID 11516576. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 October 2013.

easst.net

"Science and Technology Parks in Italy". EASST.
"Parchi Scientifici e Tecnologici: 22 motori di innovazione italiana". EASST. Retrieved 30 May 2022.

economyup.it

"Parchi tecnologici: ecco dove sono e che cosa fanno". 6 August 2015. Retrieved 30 May 2022.

eoearth.org

Wheen, Andrew. Dot-Dash to Dot.com: How Modern Telecommunications Evolved from the Telegraph to the Internet. Archived 29 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine Springer, 2010. p. 45. Web. 23 September 2011.; Cleveland, Cutler (Lead Author); Saundry, Peter (Topic Editor). Meucci, Antonio. Archived 26 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia of Earth, 2006. Web. 22 July 2012.
Wheen, Andrew. Dot-Dash to Dot.com: How Modern Telecommunications Evolved from the Telegraph to the Internet. Archived 29 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine Springer, 2010. p. 45. Web. 23 September 2011.; Cleveland, Cutler (Lead Author); Saundry, Peter (Topic Editor). Meucci, Antonio. Archived 26 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia of Earth, 2006. Web. 22 July 2012.
Cleveland, Cutler (Lead Author); Saundry, Peter (Topic Editor). Meucci, Antonio. Archived 26 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia of Earth, 2006. Web. 22 July 2012.

esa.int

"Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)". Retrieved 1 June 2022.

espacenet.com

worldwide.espacenet.com

"Espacenet - Original document". worldwide.espacenet.com. Retrieved 22 October 2019.

esteri.it

"Visit by Minister Luigi Di Maio to the Accademia dei Lincei". Retrieved 1 June 2022.

europa.eu

cordis.europa.eu

"Italian Space Agency". European Commission - CORDIS (Community Research and Development Information Service). Retrieved 22 August 2010.

europeanconservative.com

G. Hall, Eamonn (25 May 2019). "the-contribution-of-roman-law-to-modern-legal-systems". Archived from the original on 29 June 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2023.

focus.it

"Tiberio, l'italiano che scoprì la penicillina prima di Fleming". Focus.it. Retrieved 22 October 2019.

forgottenweapons.com

"Cei-Rigotti". Forgotten Weapons. 24 October 2012. Retrieved 22 October 2019. Amerigo Cei-Rigotti was a major in the Italian Bersaglieri (light infantry) in 1900, when his innovative self-loading rifle design was first introduced. Unlike many or the very early semiauto rifle designs, the Cei-Rigotti is a light, handy, and pretty compact rifle.

history.com

"Enrico Fermi, architect of the nuclear age, dies - Nov 28, 1954 - HISTORY.com". HISTORY. 17 November 2015. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
"Enrico Fermi, architect of the nuclear age, dies". Autumn 1954. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015.

historylists.org

"List of 5 Greatest Feats of Roman Engineering - History Lists". historylists.org. Retrieved 28 October 2019.

hls-dhs-dss.ch

"Bovet, Daniel". Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (in German). 12 December 2002. Archived from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2024.

house.gov

"Press Release - Congressman Vito J. Fossella - New York, 13th Congressional District". 24 January 2005. Archived from the original on 24 January 2005. Retrieved 22 October 2019.

imss.fi.it

brunelleschi.imss.fi.it

"GALILEO'S TELESCOPE - Galileo, the Instrument-Maker". brunelleschi.imss.fi.it. Retrieved 22 October 2019.

inaf.it

media.inaf.it

"15 Dicembre 1964: l'Italia entra nello Spazio" (in Italian). 14 December 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.

inexhibit.com

"Olivetti Programma 101: at the origins of the Personal Computer". Inexhibit. Retrieved 22 October 2019.

infn.it

lngs.infn.it

"I Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso" (in Italian). Retrieved 15 January 2018.
"Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso - LNGS - INFN" (PDF) (in Italian). Retrieved 1 June 2022.

intel4004.com

"The_MOS_Silicon_Gate_Technology_and_the_First_Microprocessors" (PDF). intel4004.com.

iop.org

"Nuclear Power" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 24 December 2023.

jstor.org

Lucia Orlando, "Physics in the 1930s: Jewish Physicists' Contribution to the Realization of the" New Tasks" of Physics in Italy." Historical studies in the physical and biological sciences (1998): 141–181. JSTOR 27757806
Lucia Orlando, "Physics in the 1930s: Jewish Physicists' Contribution to the Realization of the" New Tasks" of Physics in Italy." Historical studies in the physical and biological sciences (1998): 141–181. JSTOR 27757806

macchinedileonardo.com

[1] Archived 19 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine Le macchine di Leonardo da Vinci. macchinedileonardo.com. Web. 29 Sep. 2011.

monoskop.org

Hong, Sungook (2001). Wireless: From Marconi's Black-Box to the Audion (PDF). Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. p. 1. ISBN 0-262-08298-5.

mur.gov.it

"Enti di ricerca pubblici" (in Italian). Retrieved 30 May 2022.

nasa.gov

blogs.nasa.gov

"ET-134's Mission, STS-130: Launching Tranquility". 20 October 2009. Retrieved 1 June 2022.

nature.com

Catanzaro, Michele (2021). "La materia oscura verrà scoperta al Gran Sasso?". Nature Italy (in Italian). doi:10.1038/d43978-021-00112-8. S2CID 239131992. Retrieved 1 June 2022.

ncf.ca

web.ncf.ca

"History of Automobiles and Early Transmissions". Retrieved 1 June 2022.

nenu.edu.cn

his.library.nenu.edu.cn

Roncalli Amici R (2001). "The history of Italian parasitology" (PDF). Veterinary Parasitology. 98 (1–3): 3–10. doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(01)00420-4. PMID 11516576. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 October 2013.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ketley, A. D.; Werber, F. X. (14 August 1964). "Stereospecific Polymerization: A revolution in polymer synthesis has occurred in the last decade". Science. 145 (3633): 667–673. doi:10.1126/science.145.3633.667. PMID 14163799. S2CID 21604946.
Roncalli Amici R (2001). "The history of Italian parasitology" (PDF). Veterinary Parasitology. 98 (1–3): 3–10. doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(01)00420-4. PMID 11516576. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 October 2013.

nobelprize.org

"Guglielmo Marconi: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909". nobelprize.org
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 3 July 2024. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909". NobelPrize.org. 20 July 1937. Archived from the original on 3 October 2019. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1938". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 29 May 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1957". NobelPrize.org. 23 March 1907. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 11 April 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 20 May 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.

nytimes.com

"Enrico Fermi Dead at 53; Architect of Atomic Bomb". The New York Times. 29 November 1954. Archived from the original on 14 March 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2013.

oldcalculatormuseum.com

"Olivetti Programma 101 Electronic Calculator". The Old Calculator Web Museum. technically, the machine was a programmable calculator, not a computer.; "2008/107/1 Computer, Programma 101, and documents (3), plastic / metal / paper / electronic components, hardware architect Pier Giorgio Perotto, designed by Mario Bellini, made by Olivetti, Italy, 1965–1971". powerhousemuseum.com. Retrieved 20 March 2016.; "Olivetti Programma 101 Electronic Calculator". The Old Calculator Web Museum. It appears that the Mathatronics Mathatron calculator preceeded [sic] the Programma 101 to market.
"Olivetti Programma 101 Electronic Calculator". The Old Calculator Web Museum. technically, the machine was a programmable calculator, not a computer.
"Olivetti Programma 101 Electronic Calculator". The Old Calculator Web Museum. It appears that the Mathatronics Mathatron calculator preceeded [sic] the Programma 101 to market.

oxfordartonline.com

Kemp, Martin (2003). "Leonardo da Vinci". Grove Art Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T050401. ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4. (subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required)

powerhousemuseum.com

"Olivetti Programma 101 Electronic Calculator". The Old Calculator Web Museum. technically, the machine was a programmable calculator, not a computer.; "2008/107/1 Computer, Programma 101, and documents (3), plastic / metal / paper / electronic components, hardware architect Pier Giorgio Perotto, designed by Mario Bellini, made by Olivetti, Italy, 1965–1971". powerhousemuseum.com. Retrieved 20 March 2016.; "Olivetti Programma 101 Electronic Calculator". The Old Calculator Web Museum. It appears that the Mathatronics Mathatron calculator preceeded [sic] the Programma 101 to market.
"2008/107/1 Computer, Programma 101, and documents (3), plastic / metal / paper / electronic components, hardware architect Pier Giorgio Perotto, designed by Mario Bellini, made by Olivetti, Italy, 1965–1971". www.powerhousemuseum.com. Retrieved 20 March 2016.

repubblica.it

"Samantha Cristoforetti è partita con la Soyuz, è la prima donna italiana nello spazio" (in Italian). 23 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2022.

romanoimpero.com

"IDRAULICA ROMANA" (in Italian). Retrieved 1 June 2022.

scimagojr.com

"Scimago Journal & Country Rank - 2019". Retrieved 31 May 2022.
"Scimago Journal & Country Rank". Retrieved 31 May 2022.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Catanzaro, Michele (2021). "La materia oscura verrà scoperta al Gran Sasso?". Nature Italy (in Italian). doi:10.1038/d43978-021-00112-8. S2CID 239131992. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
Ketley, A. D.; Werber, F. X. (14 August 1964). "Stereospecific Polymerization: A revolution in polymer synthesis has occurred in the last decade". Science. 145 (3633): 667–673. doi:10.1126/science.145.3633.667. PMID 14163799. S2CID 21604946.

smithsonianmag.com

Eschner, Kat. "The Man Who Invented Nitroglycerin Was Horrified By Dynamite". Smithsonian. Retrieved 23 October 2019.

st-andrews.ac.uk

www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk

"Bonaventura Cavalieri (1598-1647)". www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk. Retrieved 23 October 2019.

stratocat.com.ar

"Base Luigi Broglio, Trapani". StratoCat. Retrieved 17 September 2020.

teknoring.com

"Parchi scientifici e tecnologici, a cosa servono e cosa fanno". Retrieved 30 May 2022.

top500.org

TOP500 List – November 2021, retrieved 15 December 2021

topuniversities.com

"QS World University Rankings® 2014/15". 11 September 2014. Archived from the original on 5 February 2016.
"QS World University Rankings 2016". Top Universities. 25 August 2016. Archived from the original on 29 May 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2017.

treccani.it

"De Giorgi, Ennio" (in Italian). Retrieved 31 December 2021.
"PEROTTO, Pier Giorgio" (in Italian). Retrieved 1 June 2022.
"ingegneria nell'Enciclopedia Treccani". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 28 November 2019. Translation from source (not lit.) The oldest Italian document in which the term 'engineer' appears [dates back] [...] in Genoa, 19 April 1195 [...] The first printed engineering book is Italian [...]. [Comparable with] the French Jacques Besson and the Germans Georg Agricola and Zeising, are Agostino Ramelli, Bonaiuto Lorini, Fausto Veranzio, Mariano Zonca, Famiano Strada, Giovanni Branca. The Italian engineer is often called abroad as a consultant ...
"Lùppis, Giovanni Battista in "Enciclopedia Italiana"". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 22 October 2019. Translation creator of the torpedo; he realized a prototype, which he named salvacoste.
"Marconi, Guglielmo in "Dizionario Biografico"". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 22 October 2019.
"Tartaglia, Niccolo in "Il Contributo italiano alla storia del Pensiero: Scienze"". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 23 October 2019.
"Lagrange, Giuseppe Luigi nel Dizionario Biografico Treccani". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved 23 October 2019.
"formalismo lagrangiano". www.treccani.it.
"DE GIORGI, Ennio" (in Italian). Retrieved 31 December 2021.
"SEGRÈ, Emilio Gino". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2018. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"LURIA, Salvatore". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2006. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"DULBECCO, Renato". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2014. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"Giaccóni, Riccardo". Treccani (in Italian). 28 July 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"Capécchi, Mario Renato". Treccani (in Italian). 28 July 2023. Archived from the original on 25 March 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2024.

ucl.ac.uk

"Codex". www.ucl.ac.uk. Retrieved 22 October 2019. The codex may have been more a Roman innovation than a Greek or Eastern Mediterranean development

uniroma1.it

lettere.uniroma1.it

"Tecnologia dell'antica Roma" (PDF) (in Italian). Retrieved 1 June 2022.

crpsm.psm.uniroma1.it

"The San Marco Project Research Centre". Centro di Ricerca Progetto San Marco - University of Rome "La Sapienza". Retrieved 22 August 2010.

web.archive.org

[1] Archived 19 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine Le macchine di Leonardo da Vinci. macchinedileonardo.com. Web. 29 Sep. 2011.
"Enrico Fermi Dead at 53; Architect of Atomic Bomb". The New York Times. 29 November 1954. Archived from the original on 14 March 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
Wheen, Andrew. Dot-Dash to Dot.com: How Modern Telecommunications Evolved from the Telegraph to the Internet. Archived 29 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine Springer, 2010. p. 45. Web. 23 September 2011.; Cleveland, Cutler (Lead Author); Saundry, Peter (Topic Editor). Meucci, Antonio. Archived 26 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia of Earth, 2006. Web. 22 July 2012.
"The Historical Documents". Barsanti e Matteucci. Fondazione Barsanti & Matteucci. 2009. Archived from the original on 25 February 2017. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
"QS World University Rankings® 2014/15". 11 September 2014. Archived from the original on 5 February 2016.
"QS World University Rankings 2016". Top Universities. 25 August 2016. Archived from the original on 29 May 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
Asif Siddiqi. "International Space Agencies". U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission. Archived from the original on 30 July 2010. Retrieved 22 August 2010.
"Contacts Archived 2017-09-08 at the Wayback Machine." Italian Space Agency. Retrieved on February 27, 2016. "Via del Politecnico snc 00133 Rome, Italy"
"Parte primo space, il primo fondo Italiano che investe nell'economia spaziale" [Parte Primo Space, the first Italian fund investing in the space economy] (PDF) (in Italian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 July 2020.
"Press Release - Congressman Vito J. Fossella - New York, 13th Congressional District". 24 January 2005. Archived from the original on 24 January 2005. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
"Enrico Fermi, architect of the nuclear age, dies - Nov 28, 1954 - HISTORY.com". HISTORY. 17 November 2015. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
"Nuclear Power" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
G. Hall, Eamonn (25 May 2019). "the-contribution-of-roman-law-to-modern-legal-systems". Archived from the original on 29 June 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
Roncalli Amici R (2001). "The history of Italian parasitology" (PDF). Veterinary Parasitology. 98 (1–3): 3–10. doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(01)00420-4. PMID 11516576. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 October 2013.
Wheen, Andrew. Dot-Dash to Dot.com: How Modern Telecommunications Evolved from the Telegraph to the Internet. Archived 29 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine Springer, 2010. p. 45. Web. 23 September 2011.; Cleveland, Cutler (Lead Author); Saundry, Peter (Topic Editor). Meucci, Antonio. Archived 26 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia of Earth, 2006. Web. 22 July 2012.
"Enrico Fermi, architect of the nuclear age, dies". Autumn 1954. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
Wheen, Andrew. Dot-Dash to Dot.com: How Modern Telecommunications Evolved from the Telegraph to the Internet. Archived 29 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine Springer, 2010. p. 45. Web. 23 September 2011.
Cleveland, Cutler (Lead Author); Saundry, Peter (Topic Editor). Meucci, Antonio. Archived 26 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopedia of Earth, 2006. Web. 22 July 2012.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 3 July 2024. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909". NobelPrize.org. 20 July 1937. Archived from the original on 3 October 2019. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1938". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 29 May 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
"Bovet, Daniel". Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (in German). 12 December 2002. Archived from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1957". NobelPrize.org. 23 March 1907. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
"SEGRÈ, Emilio Gino". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2018. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"LURIA, Salvatore". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2006. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"DULBECCO, Renato". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2014. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 11 April 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 20 May 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"Capécchi, Mario Renato". Treccani (in Italian). 28 July 2023. Archived from the original on 25 March 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.

wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org

Kemp, Martin (2003). "Leonardo da Vinci". Grove Art Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T050401. ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4. (subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required)

wipo.int

World Intellectual Property Organization (2024). Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship. Geneva. p. 18. doi:10.34667/tind.50062. ISBN 978-92-805-3681-2. Retrieved 22 October 2024. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
WIPO (2022). Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition. World Intellectual Property Organization. doi:10.34667/tind.46596. ISBN 978-92-805-3432-0. Retrieved 23 October 2023. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)

worldatlas.com

"The World's Most Popular Writing Scripts". WorldAtlas. 23 October 2019. Retrieved 28 October 2019.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Segrè, Emilio (1970). Enrico Fermi, Physicist. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-0-226-74473-5. OCLC 118467.

worldscientific.com

Ferrari, N. (2005). "Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and the Ilias Initiative". The Identification of Dark Matter. pp. 432–439. doi:10.1142/9789812701848_0065. ISBN 978-981-256-344-6. Retrieved 1 June 2022.

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