Seat belt (English Wikipedia)

"Active Seatbelts". Autoliv.com. Archived from the original on 2013-10-02. Retrieved 2013-09-30.
"3+2 Point Seatbelt and Side-Support Airbag". May 13, 2008. Archived from the original on 2008-05-13. Retrieved 2013-09-30.

books.google.com

Kumar, R. Senthil (April 19, 2016). Textiles for Industrial Applications. CRC Press. p. 252. ISBN 978-1-4665-6650-7.
Ahmad, Sheraz; Rasheed, Abher; Nawab, Yasir (August 21, 2020). Fibers for Technical Textiles. Springer Nature. pp. 72–73. ISBN 978-3-030-49224-3.
United States Congress House Committee on Public Works Subcommittee on Roads (1972). "1972 Highway Legislation: Hearings, Ninety-second Congress, Second Session". U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 180. Retrieved 2020-09-10.
"Dynalock". Automobile Engineer. 54 (1). IPC Transport Press: 62. 1964. Retrieved 2020-09-10.
"An industry grows on safety". Business Week: 14. 1966. Retrieved 2020-09-10.

brake.org.uk

"Knowledge centre". Brake.

caa.co.uk

"Airline seating allocations | UK Civil Aviation Authority".

cdc.gov

"Seat Belts: Get the Facts". Motor Vehicle Safety. Centers for Disease Control. August 20, 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-02-21. Retrieved 2016-02-15.

ceb.com

online.ceb.com

"Karlsson v. Ford Motor Co. (2006) 140 CA4th 1202". Continuing Education of the Bar - California "CEB". June 27, 2006. Retrieved 2020-09-05.

classicvw.org

"Experimental Safety Vehicle". Classicvw.org. Retrieved 2011-02-02.

creativecommons.org

European Road Safety Observatory, Road Safety Thematic Report – Seat belt and child restraint systems, https://road-safety.transport.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-01/Road%20Safety%20Thematic%20Report%20-%20Seat%20belt%20and%20child%20restraint%20systems.pdf This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.

csftl.org

"Lock it up! How to Lock a Seat Belt for Car Seat Installation". Car Seats For The Littles. March 18, 2014. Retrieved 2020-09-06.

ct.gov

cga.ct.gov

"State laws requiring seat belts in school buses". cga.ct.gov. Retrieved 2016-02-26.

doi.org

Cohen, Alma; Einav, Liran (December 10, 2001). "The Effects of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws on Driving Behavior and Traffic Fatalities" (PDF). SSRN. Rochester, NY. doi:10.2139/ssrn.293582. S2CID 152488364. SSRN 293582. Retrieved 2011-02-02.
Shelden, C. Hunter (November 5, 1955). "Prevention, the only cure for head injuries resulting from automobile accidents". Journal of the American Medical Association. 159 (10): 981–6. doi:10.1001/jama.1955.02960270001001. PMID 13263134.
Bohlin, Nils I. (1967). A Statistical Analysis of 28,000 Accidents with Emphasis on Occupant Restraint Value. 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference. Society of Automotive Engineers. doi:10.4271/670925. SAE Technical Paper 670925. Retrieved 2020-09-05.
Davee, Daniel; Brown, Jeffrey C.; Raasch, Christine (2006). "Case Study of Clothing Fabric Transfer to Seat Belt Webbing Under Accident Forces". SAE Technical Paper Series. Vol. 1. doi:10.4271/2006-01-0904.
Robertson, L.S. (September 1976). "Estimates of Motor Vehicle Seat Belt Effectiveness and Use: Implications for Occupant Crash Protection". American Journal of Public Health. 66 (9): 859–864. doi:10.2105/ajph.66.9.859. PMC 1653464. PMID 961954.
Ichikawa, Masao; Nakahara, Shinji; Wakai, Susumu (January 2002). "Mortality of front-seat occupants attributable to unbelted rear-seat passengers in car crashes". Lancet. 359 (9300): 43–4. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07279-3. PMID 11809187. S2CID 24162449. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
Winston, Flaura K.; Durbin, Dennis R.; Kallan, Michael J.; Moll, Elisa K. (June 2000). "The danger of premature graduation to seat belts for young children". Pediatrics. 105 (6): 1179–83. doi:10.1542/peds.105.6.1179. PMID 10835054. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
Farmer CM, Wells JK (2010). "Effect of enhanced seat belt reminders on driver fatality risk". Journal of Safety Research. 41 (1): 53–57. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2009.11.001. PMID 20226951.
Nakahara S, Ichikawa M, Wakai S (2003). "Seatbelt legislation in Japan: high risk driver mortality and seatbelt use". Inj. Prev. 9 (1): 29–32. doi:10.1136/ip.9.1.29. PMC 1730910. PMID 12642555.
Allen S, Zhu S, Sauter C, Layde P, Hargarten S (2006). "A comprehensive statewide analysis of seatbelt non-use with injury and hospital admissions: new data, old problem". Academic Emergency Medicine. 13 (4): 427–34. doi:10.1197/j.aem.2005.11.003. PMID 16531597.
Bourbeau R, Desjardins D, Maag U, Laberge-Nadeau C (1993). "Neck injuries among belted and unbelted occupants of the front seat of cars". The Journal of Trauma. 35 (5): 794–799. doi:10.1097/00005373-199311000-00024. PMID 8230348.
Bédard M, Guyatt GH, Stones MJ, Hirdes JP (2002). "The independent contribution of driver, crash, and vehicle characteristics to driver fatalities". Accident Analysis & Prevention. 34 (6): 717–27. doi:10.1016/S0001-4575(01)00072-0. PMID 12371777.
Thomas J (1990). "Road traffic accidents before and after seatbelt legislation--study in a district general hospital". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 83 (2): 79–81. doi:10.1177/014107689008300207. PMC 1292501. PMID 2319551.
Streff FM, Geller ES (1988). "An experimental test of risk compensation: between-subject versus within-subject analyses" (PDF). Accident Analysis & Prevention. 20 (4): 277–87. doi:10.1016/0001-4575(88)90055-3. hdl:2027.42/27199. PMID 3415759.
Janssen W (1994). "Seat-belt wearing and driving behavior: an instrumented-vehicle study". Accident Analysis & Prevention. 26 (2): 249–61. doi:10.1016/0001-4575(94)90095-7. PMID 8198694.
Spital M, Spital A, Spital R (November 1986). "The compelling case for seat belts on school busses". Pediatrics. 78 (5): 928–32. doi:10.1542/peds.78.5.928. PMID 3763306. S2CID 245091757.
Albers AC (2001). "Should there be laws mandating seatbelts in all school busses? Writing for the pro position". MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 26 (1): 8. doi:10.1097/00005721-200101000-00002. PMID 11198463.
Garzon DL (2001). "Should there be laws mandating seatbelts in all school buses? Writing for the con position". MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 26 (1): 9. doi:10.1097/00005721-200101000-00003. PMID 11198464.

dot.gov

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Passenger Car Front Seat Occupant Protection (PDF) (Report). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Plans and Programs, Office of Planning and Analysis. July 11, 1984. p. IV-2. Retrieved 2016-02-14.
Ito, Daisuke; Ejima, Susumu; Sukegawa, Yoshihiro; Antona, Jacobo; Ito, Hisao. "Assessment of a Pre-Crash Technology in Frontal Impacts by Using a New Crash Test Sled System with Controllable Pre-Impact Braking" (PDF). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-05-06. Retrieved 2014-06-06.
Griffths M; Paine M; Moore R (June 15, 2005). "Three point seat belts on coaches - the first decade in Australia" (PDF). U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-28. Retrieved 2012-03-15.

nhtsa.dot.gov

"Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Occupant Crash Protection. Final Rule". nhtsa.dot.gov. Archived from the original on 2010-03-25. Retrieved 2011-02-02.

driverstechnology.co.uk

"A Potted Seat Belt History". Drivers Technology. Archived from the original on 2008-05-14. Retrieved 2009-09-06.

epha.org

"EU law makes seat belts obligatory in long distance buses and coaches". European Public Health Alliance. July 19, 2006. Archived from the original on 2010-01-14. Retrieved 2010-01-06.

espacenet.com

worldwide.espacenet.com

U.S. 3841654

espn.com

"Earnhardt's death a watershed moment". ESPN. February 7, 2011. Retrieved 2013-09-30.

etsc.eu

http://etsc.eu/wp-content/uploads/ETSC_Seat_belt_reminder_oct_06.pdf ^{[bare URL PDF]}

europa.eu

eur-lex.europa.eu

road-safety.transport.ec.europa.eu

European Road Safety Observatory, Road Safety Thematic Report – Seat belt and child restraint systems, https://road-safety.transport.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-01/Road%20Safety%20Thematic%20Report%20-%20Seat%20belt%20and%20child%20restraint%20systems.pdf This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.

federalregister.gov

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA); Department of Transportation (DOT) (April 5, 2013). "New Car Assessment Program (NCAP)". Federal Register. Retrieved 2016-03-25.
"Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Occupant Crash Protection". 2010.

flyingwithababy.com

"Airplane Restraint Devices: Car Seats, CARES Harness & Lap Belt Rules". August 28, 2012.

ford.com

media.ford.com

"Ford researches possible next-generation safety belt technology". Media.ford.com. December 29, 2007. Archived from the original on 2013-07-29. Retrieved 2011-02-02.

freepatentsonline.com

"Automobile safety belt system - Patent 2855215". Freepatentsonline.com. October 7, 1958. Archived from the original on 2012-10-13. Retrieved 2011-04-03.

ghostarchive.org

Derbyshire, David (January 4, 2002). "Unbelted rear passengers 'biggest danger in crash". Telegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 2012-08-31.
Chrysler Master Technician Service Conference Session - 1974, Volume 74-1 Seat Belt Starter Interlock. April 6, 2012. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11 – via YouTube.

ghsa.org

"State Seat Belt Laws". ghsa.org. Retrieved 2016-02-15.

gpo.gov

gwrco.com

"Case Studies - Seat Belt Manufacturers - GWR Safety Systems". GWR. June 10, 2014. Retrieved 2016-02-26.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Streff FM, Geller ES (1988). "An experimental test of risk compensation: between-subject versus within-subject analyses" (PDF). Accident Analysis & Prevention. 20 (4): 277–87. doi:10.1016/0001-4575(88)90055-3. hdl:2027.42/27199. PMID 3415759.

harvard.edu

law.harvard.edu

Cohen, Alma; Einav, Liran (December 10, 2001). "The Effects of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws on Driving Behavior and Traffic Fatalities" (PDF). SSRN. Rochester, NY. doi:10.2139/ssrn.293582. S2CID 152488364. SSRN 293582. Retrieved 2011-02-02.

history.com

"Three-point seatbelt inventor Nils Bohlin born". History.com. July 15, 2020. Retrieved 2021-01-11.

hmri.org

"HMRI News". Hmri.org. Archived from the original on 2011-02-26. Retrieved 2011-02-02.

howstuffworks.com

auto.howstuffworks.com

Harris, Tom (April 9, 2002). "How Seatbelts Work: Extend and Retract". HowStuffWorks.com. Retrieved 2020-09-06.

iata.org

"Guidance for Turbulence Management" (PDF). International Air Transport Association. 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04.

icao.int

"ICAO Manual Provides New Recommended Practices For Aircraft Cabin Child Restraint Systems". www.icao.int.

independent.co.uk

"The man who saved a million lives: Nils Bohlin - inventor of the seat belt". The Independent. August 19, 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-08.

industrialphysics.com

"Seat Belt Testing for Tensile Strength". Industrial Physics. Retrieved 2024-04-25.

khou.com

"Up Close: Seatbelt safety in question". KHOU News. June 20, 2003. Archived from the original on 2008-06-12.

lapbeltcinch.net

"Microsoft Word - 2007-01-0709.doc" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-04-08. Retrieved 2013-09-30.

minnesotamedicine.com

Mettner, J. (May 2006). ""Crash" Was His Name; Car Safety Was His Game". Minnesota Medicine. 89 (5): 16–7. PMID 16764412. Archived from the original on 2014-08-20. Retrieved 2020-09-05.

msn.com

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Lankard, Tom. "The first seat offered in the US that incorporated a three-point belt—on the 1990 Mercedes-Benz SL". Editorial.autos.msn.com. Archived from the original on 2014-07-27. Retrieved 2011-02-02.
"In Search of the Perfect Seat Belt". Archived from the original on 2014-07-27.

msn.com

Ackerman, Daniel (May 26, 2020). "Before face masks, Americans went to war against seat belts". msn.com. Archived from the original on 2020-11-20. Retrieved 2020-09-05.

news.google.com

Haic, Marty (February 23, 1979). "Crusade Continues, But The Intensity Has Mellowed". Boca Raton News. p. 8C. Retrieved 2009-12-03.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
"Sales of Automatic Seat Belts Disappointing, Chevrolet Says". Toledo Blade. February 23, 1979. p. 1. Retrieved 2009-12-03.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Girard, Penny (August 31, 1978). "Study Finds Automatic Seat Belts, Airbags Save Lives". St. Petersburg Times. p. 1. Retrieved 2009-12-03.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
"Automatic seat belts ordered". Spokane Chronicle. August 4, 1982. p. 28. Retrieved 2009-12-03.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
"Chrysler Doubts Air-Bag Claims". The Montreal Gazette. Associated Press. September 30, 1977. Retrieved 2010-09-25.

nhtsa.gov

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nhtsa.gov

"NHTSA Announces Final Rule Requiring Seat Belts on Motorcoaches". NHTSA. Archived from the original on 2013-12-09. Retrieved 2013-12-03.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Shelden, C. Hunter (November 5, 1955). "Prevention, the only cure for head injuries resulting from automobile accidents". Journal of the American Medical Association. 159 (10): 981–6. doi:10.1001/jama.1955.02960270001001. PMID 13263134.
Mettner, J. (May 2006). ""Crash" Was His Name; Car Safety Was His Game". Minnesota Medicine. 89 (5): 16–7. PMID 16764412. Archived from the original on 2014-08-20. Retrieved 2020-09-05.
Robertson, L.S. (September 1976). "Estimates of Motor Vehicle Seat Belt Effectiveness and Use: Implications for Occupant Crash Protection". American Journal of Public Health. 66 (9): 859–864. doi:10.2105/ajph.66.9.859. PMC 1653464. PMID 961954.
Ichikawa, Masao; Nakahara, Shinji; Wakai, Susumu (January 2002). "Mortality of front-seat occupants attributable to unbelted rear-seat passengers in car crashes". Lancet. 359 (9300): 43–4. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07279-3. PMID 11809187. S2CID 24162449. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
Winston, Flaura K.; Durbin, Dennis R.; Kallan, Michael J.; Moll, Elisa K. (June 2000). "The danger of premature graduation to seat belts for young children". Pediatrics. 105 (6): 1179–83. doi:10.1542/peds.105.6.1179. PMID 10835054. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
Farmer CM, Wells JK (2010). "Effect of enhanced seat belt reminders on driver fatality risk". Journal of Safety Research. 41 (1): 53–57. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2009.11.001. PMID 20226951.
Nakahara S, Ichikawa M, Wakai S (2003). "Seatbelt legislation in Japan: high risk driver mortality and seatbelt use". Inj. Prev. 9 (1): 29–32. doi:10.1136/ip.9.1.29. PMC 1730910. PMID 12642555.
Allen S, Zhu S, Sauter C, Layde P, Hargarten S (2006). "A comprehensive statewide analysis of seatbelt non-use with injury and hospital admissions: new data, old problem". Academic Emergency Medicine. 13 (4): 427–34. doi:10.1197/j.aem.2005.11.003. PMID 16531597.
Bourbeau R, Desjardins D, Maag U, Laberge-Nadeau C (1993). "Neck injuries among belted and unbelted occupants of the front seat of cars". The Journal of Trauma. 35 (5): 794–799. doi:10.1097/00005373-199311000-00024. PMID 8230348.
Bédard M, Guyatt GH, Stones MJ, Hirdes JP (2002). "The independent contribution of driver, crash, and vehicle characteristics to driver fatalities". Accident Analysis & Prevention. 34 (6): 717–27. doi:10.1016/S0001-4575(01)00072-0. PMID 12371777.
Thomas J (1990). "Road traffic accidents before and after seatbelt legislation--study in a district general hospital". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 83 (2): 79–81. doi:10.1177/014107689008300207. PMC 1292501. PMID 2319551.
Streff FM, Geller ES (1988). "An experimental test of risk compensation: between-subject versus within-subject analyses" (PDF). Accident Analysis & Prevention. 20 (4): 277–87. doi:10.1016/0001-4575(88)90055-3. hdl:2027.42/27199. PMID 3415759.
Janssen W (1994). "Seat-belt wearing and driving behavior: an instrumented-vehicle study". Accident Analysis & Prevention. 26 (2): 249–61. doi:10.1016/0001-4575(94)90095-7. PMID 8198694.
Spital M, Spital A, Spital R (November 1986). "The compelling case for seat belts on school busses". Pediatrics. 78 (5): 928–32. doi:10.1542/peds.78.5.928. PMID 3763306. S2CID 245091757.
Albers AC (2001). "Should there be laws mandating seatbelts in all school busses? Writing for the pro position". MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 26 (1): 8. doi:10.1097/00005721-200101000-00002. PMID 11198463.
Begley CE, Biddle AK (1988). "Cost-benefit analysis of safety belts in Texas school buses". Public Health Rep. 103 (5): 479–85. PMC 1478133. PMID 3140273.
Garzon DL (2001). "Should there be laws mandating seatbelts in all school buses? Writing for the con position". MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 26 (1): 9. doi:10.1097/00005721-200101000-00003. PMID 11198464.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Robertson, L.S. (September 1976). "Estimates of Motor Vehicle Seat Belt Effectiveness and Use: Implications for Occupant Crash Protection". American Journal of Public Health. 66 (9): 859–864. doi:10.2105/ajph.66.9.859. PMC 1653464. PMID 961954.
Nakahara S, Ichikawa M, Wakai S (2003). "Seatbelt legislation in Japan: high risk driver mortality and seatbelt use". Inj. Prev. 9 (1): 29–32. doi:10.1136/ip.9.1.29. PMC 1730910. PMID 12642555.
Thomas J (1990). "Road traffic accidents before and after seatbelt legislation--study in a district general hospital". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 83 (2): 79–81. doi:10.1177/014107689008300207. PMC 1292501. PMID 2319551.
Begley CE, Biddle AK (1988). "Cost-benefit analysis of safety belts in Texas school buses". Public Health Rep. 103 (5): 479–85. PMC 1478133. PMID 3140273.

npr.org

Domonoske, Camila (May 21, 2019). "Teens Who Don't Buckle Up: Chevy Has A Surprise For You". NPR.

nsw.gov.au

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sae.org

Bohlin, Nils I. (1967). A Statistical Analysis of 28,000 Accidents with Emphasis on Occupant Restraint Value. 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference. Society of Automotive Engineers. doi:10.4271/670925. SAE Technical Paper 670925. Retrieved 2020-09-05.

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sciencedirect.com

Ichikawa, Masao; Nakahara, Shinji; Wakai, Susumu (January 2002). "Mortality of front-seat occupants attributable to unbelted rear-seat passengers in car crashes". Lancet. 359 (9300): 43–4. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07279-3. PMID 11809187. S2CID 24162449. Retrieved 2020-09-06.

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Ichikawa, Masao; Nakahara, Shinji; Wakai, Susumu (January 2002). "Mortality of front-seat occupants attributable to unbelted rear-seat passengers in car crashes". Lancet. 359 (9300): 43–4. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07279-3. PMID 11809187. S2CID 24162449. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
Spital M, Spital A, Spital R (November 1986). "The compelling case for seat belts on school busses". Pediatrics. 78 (5): 928–32. doi:10.1542/peds.78.5.928. PMID 3763306. S2CID 245091757.

ssrn.com

papers.ssrn.com

Cohen, Alma; Einav, Liran (December 10, 2001). "The Effects of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws on Driving Behavior and Traffic Fatalities" (PDF). SSRN. Rochester, NY. doi:10.2139/ssrn.293582. S2CID 152488364. SSRN 293582. Retrieved 2011-02-02.

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telegraph.co.uk

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unece.org

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