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Toffoli, Tommaso; Margolus, Norman (1990), "Invertible cellular automata", Physica D, 45 (1–3): 229–253, Bibcode:1990PhyD...45..229T, doi:10.1016/0167-2789(90)90185-r. See especially section 5.4 "Second-order cellular automata", pp. 238–240. This issue of Physica D was reprinted as Gutowitz, Howard, ed. (1991), Cellular Automata: Theory and Experiment, MIT/North-Holland.