Second plague pandemic (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Second plague pandemic" in English language version.

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Hays 2005, p. 23. Hays, J. N. (2005-12-31), Epidemics And Pandemics: Their Impacts on Human History, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-1-85109-658-9
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Hays 1998, p. 58. Hays, J. N. (1998), The Burdens of Disease: Epidemics and Human Response in Western History, Rutgers University Press, ISBN 978-0-8135-2528-0
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Harding 2002, p. 24. Harding, Vanessa (2002-06-20), The Dead and the Living in Paris and London, 1500–1670, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-81126-2
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Bray 2004, p. 71. Bray, R. S. (2004-04-29), Armies of Pestilence: The Impact of Disease on History, James Clarke & Co., ISBN 978-0-227-17240-7
Hays 2005, p. 103. Hays, J. N. (2005-12-31), Epidemics And Pandemics: Their Impacts on Human History, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-1-85109-658-9
Brook, Timothy (September 1999). The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22154-3.
Mikhail 2014, p. 43. Mikhail, Alan (2014), The Animal in Ottoman Egypt, OUP, ISBN 9780199315277
Chase-Levenson, Alex (2020). The Yellow Flag: Quarantine and the British Mediterranean World, 1780–1860. Cambridge University Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-1-108-48554-8. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
Hays 2005, p. 46. Hays, J. N. (2005-12-31), Epidemics And Pandemics: Their Impacts on Human History, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-1-85109-658-9

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Spyrou, Maria A.; Keller, Marcel; Tukhbatova, Rezeda I.; Scheib, Christiana L.; Nelson, Elizabeth A.; Andrades Valtueña, Aida; Neumann, Gunnar U.; Walker, Don; Alterauge, Amelie; Carty, Niamh; Cessford, Craig (2019-10-02). "Phylogeography of the second plague pandemic revealed through analysis of historical Yersinia pestis genomes". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 4470. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.4470S. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12154-0. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6775055. PMID 31578321.
Guellil, Meriam; Kersten, Oliver; Namouchi, Amine; Luciani, Stefania; Marota, Isolina; Arcini, Caroline A.; Iregren, Elisabeth; Lindemann, Robert A.; Warfvinge, Gunnar; Bakanidze, Lela; Bitadze, Lia (2020-11-10). "A genomic and historical synthesis of plague in 18th century Eurasia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (45): 28328–28335. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11728328G. doi:10.1073/pnas.2009677117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7668095. PMID 33106412.
Bramanti, Barbara; Dean, Katharine R.; Walløe, Lars; Chr. Stenseth, Nils (2019-04-24). "The Third Plague Pandemic in Europe". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 286 (1901). doi:10.1098/rspb.2018.2429. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 6501942. PMID 30991930.
Sussman, George D. (2011). "Was the Black Death in India and China?". Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 85 (3): 319–355. doi:10.1353/bhm.2011.0054. JSTOR 44452010. PMID 22080795. S2CID 41772477. Archived from the original on 2021-06-02. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
Bramanti et al. 2016, pp. 1–26. Bramanti, Barbara; Stenseth, Nils Chr; Walløe, Lars; Lei, Xu (2016). "Plague: A Disease Which Changed the Path of Human Civilization". Yersinia pestis: Retrospective and Perspective. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 918. pp. 1–26. doi:10.1007/978-94-024-0890-4_1. ISBN 978-94-024-0888-1. ISSN 0065-2598. PMID 27722858.
Spyrou, Maria A.; Musralina, Lyazzat; Gnecchi Ruscone, Guido A.; Kocher, Arthur; Borbone, Pier-Giorgio; Khartanovich, Valeri I.; Buzhilova, Alexandra; Djansugurova, Leyla; Bos, Kirsten I.; Kühnert, Denise; Haak, Wolfgang (2022-06-15). "The source of the Black Death in fourteenth-century central Eurasia". Nature. 606 (7915): 718–724. Bibcode:2022Natur.606..718S. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04800-3. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 9217749. PMID 35705810. S2CID 249709693.
Wheelis 2002. Wheelis, Mark (2002). "Biological Warfare at the 1346 Siege of Caffa". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 8 (9): 971–75. doi:10.3201/eid0809.010536. PMC 2732530. PMID 12194776.
Barras & Greub 2014. "In the Middle Ages, a famous although controversial example is offered by the siege of Caffa (now Feodossia in Ukraine/Crimea), a Genovese outpost on the Black Sea coast, by the Mongols. In 1346, the attacking army experienced an epidemic of bubonic plague. The Italian chronicler Gabriele de' Mussi, in his Istoria de Morbo sive Mortalitate quae fuit Anno Domini 1348, describes quite plausibly how the plague was transmitted by the Mongols by throwing diseased cadavers with catapults into the besieged city, and how ships transporting Genovese soldiers, fleas and rats fleeing from there brought it to the Mediterranean ports. Given the highly complex epidemiology of plague, this interpretation of the Black Death (which might have killed >25 million people in the following years throughout Europe) as stemming from a specific and localized origin of the Black Death remains controversial. Similarly, it remains doubtful whether the effect of throwing infected cadavers could have been the sole cause of the outburst of an epidemic in the besieged city." Barras, Vincent; Greub, Gilbert (2014). "History of biological warfare and bioterrorism". Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 20 (6): 498. doi:10.1111/1469-0691.12706. PMID 24894605.
Outram, Quentin (2001). "The Socio-Economic Relations of Warfare and the Military Mortality Crises of the Thirty Years' War" (PDF). Medical History. 45 (2): 160–161. doi:10.1017/S0025727300067703. PMC 1044352. PMID 11373858. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-06-25. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
Parker, Geoffrey (2008). "Crisis and Catastrophe: The global crisis of the seventeenth century reconsidered". American Historical Review. 113 (4): 1058. doi:10.1086/ahr.113.4.1053.
Melikishvili, Alexander (2006). "Genesis of the anti-plague system: the Tsarist period" (PDF). Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 36 (1): 19–31. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.204.1976. doi:10.1080/10408410500496763. PMID 16610335. S2CID 7420734. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 November 2009. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
Glatter, Kathryn A.; Finkelman, Paul (February 2021). "History of the Plague: An Ancient Pandemic for the Age of COVID-19". The American Journal of Medicine. 134 (2): 176–181. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.08.019. PMC 7513766. PMID 32979306.
Dueppen, Stephen; Gallagher, Daphne (2024). "Collectivism and new identities after the Black Death Pandemic: Merchant diasporas and incorporative local communities in West Africa". Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. 73 101567. doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2023.101567.
Wade, Lizzie (8 March 2019). "Did Black Death strike sub-Saharan Africa?". Science. 363 (6431): 1022. doi:10.1126/science.363.6431.1022. Retrieved 5 May 2025.
Scasciamacchia, Silvia; Serrecchia, Luigina; Giangrossi, Luigi; Garofolo, Giuliano; Balestrucci, Antonio; Sammartino, Gilberto; Fasanella, Antonio (2012). "Plague Epidemic in the Kingdom of Naples, 1656–1658". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 18 (1): 186–188. doi:10.3201/eid1801.110597. PMC 3310102. PMID 22260781. Archived from the original on 2021-03-25. Retrieved 2021-01-16.
Hashemi Shahraki, A.; Carniel, E.; Mostafavi, E. (2016). "Plague in Iran: its history and current status". Epidemiology and Health. 38: e2016033. doi:10.4178/epih.e2016033. PMC 5037359. PMID 27457063.
Hashemi Shahraki, Abdolrazagh; Carniel, Elizabeth; Mostafavi, Ehsan (2016-07-24). "Plague in Iran: its history and current status" (PDF). Epidemiology and Health. 38. Korean Society of Epidemiology: e2016033. doi:10.4178/epih.e2016033. ISSN 2092-7193. PMC 5037359. PMID 27457063. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-12-31. Retrieved 2020-04-02.
Spyrou, Maria A.; Tukhbatova, Rezeda I.; Feldman, Michal; Drath, Joanna; Kacki, Sacha; De Heredia, Julia Beltrán; Arnold, Susanne; Sitdikov, Airat G.; Castex, Dominique; Wahl, Joachim; Gazimzyanov, Ilgizar R.; Nurgaliev, Danis K.; Herbig, Alexander; Bos, Kirsten I.; Krause, Johannes (8 June 2016). "Historical Y. pestis Genomes Reveal the European Black Death as the Source of Ancient and Modern Plague Pandemics". Cell Host & Microbe. 19 (6): 874–881. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2016.05.012. PMID 27281573.
Appleby 1980. Appleby, Andrew B. (1980), "The Disappearance of Plague: A Continuing Puzzle", The Economic History Review, 33 (2): 161–173, doi:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1980.tb01821.x, JSTOR 2595837, PMID 11614424
Lenski, Richard E. (11 August 1988). "Evolution of Plague Virulence" (PDF). Nature. 334 (6182). Springer Nature: 473–474. Bibcode:1988Natur.334..473L. doi:10.1038/334473a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 3405295. S2CID 10386806. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 December 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2019.

e-epih.org

Hashemi Shahraki, Abdolrazagh; Carniel, Elizabeth; Mostafavi, Ehsan (2016-07-24). "Plague in Iran: its history and current status" (PDF). Epidemiology and Health. 38. Korean Society of Epidemiology: e2016033. doi:10.4178/epih.e2016033. ISSN 2092-7193. PMC 5037359. PMID 27457063. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-12-31. Retrieved 2020-04-02.

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Spyrou, Maria A.; Keller, Marcel; Tukhbatova, Rezeda I.; Scheib, Christiana L.; Nelson, Elizabeth A.; Andrades Valtueña, Aida; Neumann, Gunnar U.; Walker, Don; Alterauge, Amelie; Carty, Niamh; Cessford, Craig (2019-10-02). "Phylogeography of the second plague pandemic revealed through analysis of historical Yersinia pestis genomes". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 4470. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.4470S. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12154-0. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6775055. PMID 31578321.
Guellil, Meriam; Kersten, Oliver; Namouchi, Amine; Luciani, Stefania; Marota, Isolina; Arcini, Caroline A.; Iregren, Elisabeth; Lindemann, Robert A.; Warfvinge, Gunnar; Bakanidze, Lela; Bitadze, Lia (2020-11-10). "A genomic and historical synthesis of plague in 18th century Eurasia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (45): 28328–28335. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11728328G. doi:10.1073/pnas.2009677117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7668095. PMID 33106412.
Spyrou, Maria A.; Musralina, Lyazzat; Gnecchi Ruscone, Guido A.; Kocher, Arthur; Borbone, Pier-Giorgio; Khartanovich, Valeri I.; Buzhilova, Alexandra; Djansugurova, Leyla; Bos, Kirsten I.; Kühnert, Denise; Haak, Wolfgang (2022-06-15). "The source of the Black Death in fourteenth-century central Eurasia". Nature. 606 (7915): 718–724. Bibcode:2022Natur.606..718S. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04800-3. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 9217749. PMID 35705810. S2CID 249709693.
Lenski, Richard E. (11 August 1988). "Evolution of Plague Virulence" (PDF). Nature. 334 (6182). Springer Nature: 473–474. Bibcode:1988Natur.334..473L. doi:10.1038/334473a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 3405295. S2CID 10386806. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 December 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2019.

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Lenski, Richard E. (11 August 1988). "Evolution of Plague Virulence" (PDF). Nature. 334 (6182). Springer Nature: 473–474. Bibcode:1988Natur.334..473L. doi:10.1038/334473a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 3405295. S2CID 10386806. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 December 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2019.

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Spyrou, Maria A.; Keller, Marcel; Tukhbatova, Rezeda I.; Scheib, Christiana L.; Nelson, Elizabeth A.; Andrades Valtueña, Aida; Neumann, Gunnar U.; Walker, Don; Alterauge, Amelie; Carty, Niamh; Cessford, Craig (2019-10-02). "Phylogeography of the second plague pandemic revealed through analysis of historical Yersinia pestis genomes". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 4470. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.4470S. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12154-0. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6775055. PMID 31578321.
Guellil, Meriam; Kersten, Oliver; Namouchi, Amine; Luciani, Stefania; Marota, Isolina; Arcini, Caroline A.; Iregren, Elisabeth; Lindemann, Robert A.; Warfvinge, Gunnar; Bakanidze, Lela; Bitadze, Lia (2020-11-10). "A genomic and historical synthesis of plague in 18th century Eurasia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (45): 28328–28335. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11728328G. doi:10.1073/pnas.2009677117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7668095. PMID 33106412.
Bramanti, Barbara; Dean, Katharine R.; Walløe, Lars; Chr. Stenseth, Nils (2019-04-24). "The Third Plague Pandemic in Europe". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 286 (1901). doi:10.1098/rspb.2018.2429. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 6501942. PMID 30991930.
Sussman, George D. (2011). "Was the Black Death in India and China?". Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 85 (3): 319–355. doi:10.1353/bhm.2011.0054. JSTOR 44452010. PMID 22080795. S2CID 41772477. Archived from the original on 2021-06-02. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
Bramanti et al. 2016, pp. 1–26. Bramanti, Barbara; Stenseth, Nils Chr; Walløe, Lars; Lei, Xu (2016). "Plague: A Disease Which Changed the Path of Human Civilization". Yersinia pestis: Retrospective and Perspective. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 918. pp. 1–26. doi:10.1007/978-94-024-0890-4_1. ISBN 978-94-024-0888-1. ISSN 0065-2598. PMID 27722858.
Spyrou, Maria A.; Musralina, Lyazzat; Gnecchi Ruscone, Guido A.; Kocher, Arthur; Borbone, Pier-Giorgio; Khartanovich, Valeri I.; Buzhilova, Alexandra; Djansugurova, Leyla; Bos, Kirsten I.; Kühnert, Denise; Haak, Wolfgang (2022-06-15). "The source of the Black Death in fourteenth-century central Eurasia". Nature. 606 (7915): 718–724. Bibcode:2022Natur.606..718S. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04800-3. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 9217749. PMID 35705810. S2CID 249709693.
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Barras & Greub 2014. "In the Middle Ages, a famous although controversial example is offered by the siege of Caffa (now Feodossia in Ukraine/Crimea), a Genovese outpost on the Black Sea coast, by the Mongols. In 1346, the attacking army experienced an epidemic of bubonic plague. The Italian chronicler Gabriele de' Mussi, in his Istoria de Morbo sive Mortalitate quae fuit Anno Domini 1348, describes quite plausibly how the plague was transmitted by the Mongols by throwing diseased cadavers with catapults into the besieged city, and how ships transporting Genovese soldiers, fleas and rats fleeing from there brought it to the Mediterranean ports. Given the highly complex epidemiology of plague, this interpretation of the Black Death (which might have killed >25 million people in the following years throughout Europe) as stemming from a specific and localized origin of the Black Death remains controversial. Similarly, it remains doubtful whether the effect of throwing infected cadavers could have been the sole cause of the outburst of an epidemic in the besieged city." Barras, Vincent; Greub, Gilbert (2014). "History of biological warfare and bioterrorism". Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 20 (6): 498. doi:10.1111/1469-0691.12706. PMID 24894605.
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