Secularism in Turkey (English Wikipedia)

Öztürk, Ahmet Erdi; Sözeri, Semiha. "Diyanet as a Turkish Foreign Policy Tool: Evidence from the Netherlands and Bulgaria". Religion and Politics Section of the American Political Science Association: 3, 5. Archived from the original on 19 September 2018.

al-monitor.com

Tremblay, Pinar (29 April 2015). "Is Erdogan signaling end of secularism in Turkey?". Al Monitor. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
Sukru Kucuksahin (20 June 2016). "Turkish students up in arms over Islamization of education". Al-Monitor.
Zülfikar Doğan (29 June 2016). "Erdogan pens education plan for Turkey's 'devout generation'". Al-Monitor.
Sibel Hurtas (13 October 2016). "Turkey's 'devout generation' project means lost jobs, schools for many". Al-Monitor.
"Turkey is becoming more secular, not less". Al-Monitor. 2 March 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2017.

atam.gov.tr

Daver, BÜLENT. "Secularism in Turkey". Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Başkanlığı. PROF. DR. BÜLENT DAVER. Archived from the original on 22 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2019. This principle, unlike in western countries, is not realized by evolutionary currents and philosophers' ideas, spread among most people throughout the century, but rather by direct and decisive action and revolutionary enthusiasm from a very small elite consisting of bureaucrats and young army officer.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Secular rally targets Turkish PM". BBC News. 14 April 2007. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
"Turkey 'must have secular leader'", BBC News, April 24, 2007.
"Secular rally targets Turkish PM". BBC News. 14 April 2007. Retrieved 5 August 2008.
"The Islamic veil across Europe". BBC News. 17 November 2006. Retrieved 13 December 2006.

bloomberg.com

"Coup Was 'Gift From God' for Erdogan Planning a New Turkey". Bloomberg.com. 17 July 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2017.

bolsohays.com

Turay, Anna. "Tarihte Ermeniler". Armenians of Istanbul. Archived from the original on 6 December 2006. Retrieved 4 January 2007.

books.google.com

Çarkoğlu, Ali (2004). Religion and Politics in Turkey. UK: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-34831-7.
Dal, Emel Parlar (2012). La politique turque en question: entre imperfections et adaptations (in French). L'Harmattan. ISBN 9782336003054. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

britannica.com

"Turkey | Location, Geography, People, Economy, Culture, & History | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 1 March 2024. Retrieved 2 March 2024.

brookings.edu

Kayaoğlu, Turan (10 April 2012). "Secularism in Turkey: Stronger than Ever?". Brookings Institution. Retrieved 25 April 2017.

cia.gov

"Turkey". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (US). 24 July 2008. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2008.

coe.int

echr.coe.int

"Leyla Şahin v. Turkey". European Court of Human Rights. 10 November 2005. Archived from the original on 4 August 2008. Retrieved 21 August 2008.

diyanet.gov.tr

Basic Principles, Aims And Objectives Archived 2008-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, Presidency of Religious Affairs
"T.C. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, Namaz Vakitleri, Duyurular, Haberler". Diyanet.gov.tr. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

doi.org

Ahmet Erdi Öztürk (2016). "Turkey's Diyanet under AKP rule: from protector to imposer of state ideology?" (PDF). Southeast European and Black Sea Studies. 16 (4): 619–635. doi:10.1080/14683857.2016.1233663. S2CID 151448076.
Sözeri, Semiha; Öztürk, Ahmet Erdi (September 2018). "Diyanet as a Turkish Foreign Policy Tool: Evidence from the Netherlands and Bulgaria" (PDF). Politics and Religion. 11 (3): 624–648. doi:10.1017/S175504831700075X. ISSN 1755-0483. S2CID 148657630.
Simon P. Watmough and Ahmet Erdi Öztürk (2018). "From 'Diaspora by Design' to Transnational Political Exile: The Gülen Movement in Transition". Politics, Religion & Ideology. 19: 33–52. doi:10.1080/21567689.2018.1453254.
Yavuz, M. Hakan; Öztürk, Ahmet Erdi (18 February 2019). "Turkish secularism and Islam under the reign of Erdoğan". Southeast European and Black Sea Studies. 19: 1–9. doi:10.1080/14683857.2019.1580828. ISSN 1468-3857.
Jean-Paul Burdy (18 April 2010). "Les minorités non musulmanes en Turquie : "certains rapports d'ONG parlent d'une logique d'attrition"" (in French). Observatoire de la Vie Politique Turque(Ovipot.hypotheses.org). doi:10.58079/smk9. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis (1979). "Persée". Cahiers du Monde Russe. 20 (2). Persee.fr: 239–272. doi:10.3406/cmr.1979.1359. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

euronews.com

"Turkey's Erdogan proposes a referendum on right to wear headscarf". euronews. 23 October 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

faith-matters.org

Hussain, Ishtiaq (7 October 2011). "The Tanzimat: Secular Reforms in the Ottoman Empire" (PDF). Faith Matters. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

foreignaffairs.com

Lepeska, David (17 May 2015). "Turkey Casts the Diyanet". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 27 July 2016.

hautetfort.com

janissaire.hautetfort.com

"Les Janissaires (1979) de Vincent Mansour Monteil : JANISSAIRE" (in French). Janissaire.hautetfort.com. 14 May 2008. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

hr-action.org

The Greeks of Turkey, 1992-1995 Fact-sheet Archived 2006-12-20 at the Wayback Machine by Marios D. Dikaiakos

hypotheses.org

ovipot.hypotheses.org

Jean-Paul Burdy (18 April 2010). "Les minorités non musulmanes en Turquie : "certains rapports d'ONG parlent d'une logique d'attrition"" (in French). Observatoire de la Vie Politique Turque(Ovipot.hypotheses.org). doi:10.58079/smk9. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

la-croix.com

"Le gouvernement turc va restituer des biens saisis à des minorités religieuses". La Croix (in French). La-Croix.com. 29 August 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

londonmet.ac.uk

repository.londonmet.ac.uk

Ahmet Erdi Öztürk (2016). "Turkey's Diyanet under AKP rule: from protector to imposer of state ideology?" (PDF). Southeast European and Black Sea Studies. 16 (4): 619–635. doi:10.1080/14683857.2016.1233663. S2CID 151448076.
Sözeri, Semiha; Öztürk, Ahmet Erdi (September 2018). "Diyanet as a Turkish Foreign Policy Tool: Evidence from the Netherlands and Bulgaria" (PDF). Politics and Religion. 11 (3): 624–648. doi:10.1017/S175504831700075X. ISSN 1755-0483. S2CID 148657630.

metropoll.com.tr

Sencar, Özer (January 2015). "Türkiye'nin Nabzı: Din, Şiddet ve Özgürlük [Pulse of Turkey: Religion, Violence and Freedom]" (PDF). Metropoll. p. 34.

mevzuat.gov.tr

KAMU KURUM VE KURULUŞLARINDA ÇALIŞAN PERSONELİN KILIK VE KIYAFETİNE DAİR YÖNETMELİK ("THE REGULATION ON THE DRESS AND ATTIRE OF PERSONNEL WORKING IN PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS") dated 16 July 1982.

milliyet.com.tr

"Secularism must be removed from constitution, Turkey's Parliament Speaker says". Milliyet. 27 April 2016. Retrieved 31 January 2021.

nvi.gov.tr

State ID cards, General Directorate of Population and Citizenship Matters, Ministry of the Interior (in Turkish)

nytimes.com

Akyol, Mustafa (22 July 2016). "Who Was Behind the Coup Attempt in Turkey?". The New York Times. New York Times. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
Tavernise, Sabrina. "In Turkey, a Sign of a Rising Islamic Middle Class," New York Times, April 25, 2007.
Tavernise, Sabrina. "Ruling Party in Turkey Wins Broad Victory," New York Times, July 23, 2007.

obtic.org

"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

persee.fr

Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis (1979). "Persée". Cahiers du Monde Russe. 20 (2). Persee.fr: 239–272. doi:10.3406/cmr.1979.1359. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

psakd.org

Pirsultan psakd Antalya (16 August 2006). "Dünyada ve Türkiye'de NUSAYRİLİK" (in Turkish). psakd.org. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

researchgate.net

Al Faruki, Jakir; Siddiky, Md. Roknuzzaman (July 2017). "Secularism and the Muslim World: An Overview July 2017 Authors". Journal of Social Science, Rajshahi College. 1 (1): 22. Retrieved 23 November 2021.

sabanciuniv.edu

research.sabanciuniv.edu

Fromm, Ali Çarkoğlu, Binnaz Toprak; translated from Turkish by Çiğdem Aksoy (2007). Religion, Society and Politics in a Changing Turkey (PDF). Karaköy, İstanbul: TESEV publications. p. 64. ISBN 978-975-8112-90-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

salon.com

Clark-Flory, Tracy (23 April 2007). "Head scarves to topple secular Turkey?". Salon.com. Retrieved 4 August 2008.

secularisminturkey.net

"Secularism: The Turkish Experience" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 June 2008. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Ahmet Erdi Öztürk (2016). "Turkey's Diyanet under AKP rule: from protector to imposer of state ideology?" (PDF). Southeast European and Black Sea Studies. 16 (4): 619–635. doi:10.1080/14683857.2016.1233663. S2CID 151448076.
Sözeri, Semiha; Öztürk, Ahmet Erdi (September 2018). "Diyanet as a Turkish Foreign Policy Tool: Evidence from the Netherlands and Bulgaria" (PDF). Politics and Religion. 11 (3): 624–648. doi:10.1017/S175504831700075X. ISSN 1755-0483. S2CID 148657630.

taraf.com.tr

Hür, Ayşe (31 August 2008). "Türk Ermenisiz, Ermeni Türksüz olmaz!". Taraf (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 2 September 2008. Retrieved 2 September 2008. Sonunda nüfuslarını 70 bine indirmeyi başardık.

tbmm.gov.tr

Constitution of the Republic of Turkey (in Turkish) Archived August 12, 2011, at the Wayback Machine

timesonline.co.uk

Lamb, Christina (23 April 2007). "Head scarves to topple secular Turkey?". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 27 July 2008.
Lamb, Christina (6 May 2007). "Headscarf war threatens to split Turkey". Times Online. London. Archived from the original on 27 July 2008.

todayszaman.com

"Foreign Ministry: 89,000 minorities live in Turkey". Today's Zaman. 15 December 2008. Archived from the original on 1 May 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2008.

turkeyanalyst.org

Cornell, Svante (9 October 2015). "The Rise of Diyanet: the Politicization of Turkey's Directorate of Religious Affairs". turkeyanalyst.org. Retrieved 27 July 2016.

turkeypurge.com

"Leftists, Kemalists suspended from posts for being Gülenists, says CHP report | Turkey Purge". turkeypurge.com. Retrieved 9 January 2017.

web.archive.org

"Turkey". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (US). 24 July 2008. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2008.
Daver, BÜLENT. "Secularism in Turkey". Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Başkanlığı. PROF. DR. BÜLENT DAVER. Archived from the original on 22 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2019. This principle, unlike in western countries, is not realized by evolutionary currents and philosophers' ideas, spread among most people throughout the century, but rather by direct and decisive action and revolutionary enthusiasm from a very small elite consisting of bureaucrats and young army officer.
Öztürk, Ahmet Erdi; Sözeri, Semiha. "Diyanet as a Turkish Foreign Policy Tool: Evidence from the Netherlands and Bulgaria". Religion and Politics Section of the American Political Science Association: 3, 5. Archived from the original on 19 September 2018.
Basic Principles, Aims And Objectives Archived 2008-01-08 at the Wayback Machine, Presidency of Religious Affairs
"Secularism: The Turkish Experience" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 June 2008. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
Tremblay, Pinar (29 April 2015). "Is Erdogan signaling end of secularism in Turkey?". Al Monitor. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
"Leyla Şahin v. Turkey". European Court of Human Rights. 10 November 2005. Archived from the original on 4 August 2008. Retrieved 21 August 2008.
Constitution of the Republic of Turkey (in Turkish) Archived August 12, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
"Les Janissaires (1979) de Vincent Mansour Monteil : JANISSAIRE" (in French). Janissaire.hautetfort.com. 14 May 2008. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
Pirsultan psakd Antalya (16 August 2006). "Dünyada ve Türkiye'de NUSAYRİLİK" (in Turkish). psakd.org. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
"Foreign Ministry: 89,000 minorities live in Turkey". Today's Zaman. 15 December 2008. Archived from the original on 1 May 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2008.
The Greeks of Turkey, 1992-1995 Fact-sheet Archived 2006-12-20 at the Wayback Machine by Marios D. Dikaiakos
Turay, Anna. "Tarihte Ermeniler". Armenians of Istanbul. Archived from the original on 6 December 2006. Retrieved 4 January 2007.
Hür, Ayşe (31 August 2008). "Türk Ermenisiz, Ermeni Türksüz olmaz!". Taraf (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 2 September 2008. Retrieved 2 September 2008. Sonunda nüfuslarını 70 bine indirmeyi başardık.
Fromm, Ali Çarkoğlu, Binnaz Toprak; translated from Turkish by Çiğdem Aksoy (2007). Religion, Society and Politics in a Changing Turkey (PDF). Karaköy, İstanbul: TESEV publications. p. 64. ISBN 978-975-8112-90-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Lamb, Christina (23 April 2007). "Head scarves to topple secular Turkey?". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 27 July 2008.
Lamb, Christina (6 May 2007). "Headscarf war threatens to split Turkey". Times Online. London. Archived from the original on 27 July 2008.

wikisource.org

tr.wikisource.org

"Hilafetin İlgasına ve Hanedanı Osmaninin Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Memaliki Haricine Çıkarılmasına Dair Kanun - Vikikaynak". tr.wikisource.org.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Sözeri, Semiha; Öztürk, Ahmet Erdi (September 2018). "Diyanet as a Turkish Foreign Policy Tool: Evidence from the Netherlands and Bulgaria" (PDF). Politics and Religion. 11 (3): 624–648. doi:10.1017/S175504831700075X. ISSN 1755-0483. S2CID 148657630.
Yavuz, M. Hakan; Öztürk, Ahmet Erdi (18 February 2019). "Turkish secularism and Islam under the reign of Erdoğan". Southeast European and Black Sea Studies. 19: 1–9. doi:10.1080/14683857.2019.1580828. ISSN 1468-3857.

yourmiddleeast.com

"Turkey's journey from secularism to Islamization: A capitalist story". Your Middle East. 23 May 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2017.