Seder Olam Rabbah (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Seder Olam Rabbah" in English language version.

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  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 93 (chapter 28). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. pp. 99-100 (chapter 30). OCLC 233090728. In the Jewish Diaspora they would write in their contracts, 'According to the counting of the Grecians, being a thousand [years since the exodus from Egypt']." This arcane statement is explained by Eliyahu of Vilna, in his commentary on Seder Olam as follows: "Being a thousand. Meaning, from the exodus of Egypt is reckoned a thousand years. That is to say, 480 [years passed] till the building of the [first] temple, and 410 [years being] the time of its duration, and 52 [years passed] till the kingdom of Persia [usurped authority over the Babylonian kingdom], and 52 [years being the duration] of the Persian kingdom [until their hegemony over Israel was taken by Macedonia], and 6 [years] of the kingdom of Greece (i.e. 312 BCE, thought to have been the 6th year of Alexander's reign)– all total, one-thousand years. It was during that time that they began to reckon the date in contracts, 'According to the kingdom of Grecia'.
  • Yerushalmi, M.D., ed. (1971), "Seder Olam Zutta", Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew), Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization, p. 109, OCLC 233091049, who wrote that Nebuchadnezzar exiled the people of Judah from their land, in the 11th-year of Zedekiah's reign, which year fell out in 3338 anno mundi (= 422 BCE).
  • Babylonian Talmud (Taanit 29a, Arakhin 11b); Jerusalem Talmud (Taanit 24a); Midrash Tehillim 94 (end); Seder Olam, ch. 30 (p. 100).
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 49 (chapter 15). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 81(chapter 25). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 77(chapter 24). OCLC 233090728.
  • Seder Olam, ch. 11 (p. 39), which cites Ezekiel 40:1; Babylonian Talmud (Arakhin 12b)
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 93 (chapter 28). OCLC 233090728. Rabbi Yose says: 'Seventy weeks' [spoken of by Daniel] is from the time of the destruction of the First Temple until the destruction of the last [Temple], [which time includes] the seventy [years] of its destruction, and four-hundred and ten (sic) [twenty] years of its building
  • Seder Olam, ch. 16 (p. 51); 1 Kings 11:42
  • Seder Olam, ch. 15 (p. 51)
  • 1 Kings 14:21; Seder Olam, ch. 16 (p. 51), based on the Vilna Gaon's correction of copyist error.
  • 1 Kings 15:1–2; Seder Olam, ch. 16 (p. 51)
  • 1 Kings 15:9–10; Seder Olam, ch. 16 (p. 52)
  • 1 Kings 22:42; 2 Chronicles 20:31; Seder Olam, ch. 17 (p. 56); Josephus, Antiquities 9.3.2. (Antiq. 37.44)
  • 2 Kings 8:17; Seder Olam, ch. 17 (pp. 56–57)
  • 2 Kings 8:26; Seder Olam, ch. 17 (p. 57)
  • 2 Kings 12:2; Seder Olam, ch. 18 (p. 58)
  • Seder Olam, ch. 18 (p. 58)
  • 2 Kings 14:2; Seder Olam, ch. 19 (p. 59)
  • 2 Kings 15:2; Seder Olam, ch. 19 (p. 60)
  • 2 Kings 15:33; 2 Chronicles 27:1; Seder Olam, ch. 22 (p. 70)
  • 2 Kings 16:2; Seder Olam, ch. 22 (p. 70)
  • Seder Olam, ch. 22 (p. 73)
  • 2 Kings 21:1; Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 77)
  • 2 Kings 21:19; Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 77)
  • 2 Kings 22:1; Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 77)
  • Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 77)
  • 2 Kings 23:31; 2 Chronicles 36:1–4; Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 78)
  • Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 78)
  • Seder Olam, ch. 25 (pp. 79–80)
  • 2 Kings 24:8; Seder Olam, ch. 25 (p. 81)
  • 2 Kings 24:18; Seder Olam, ch. 25 (p. 82)
  • Seder Olam, ch. 25 (p. 81) states that Jehoiachin was exiled from the country during the half of the Jubilee, on the 4th year of the seven-year cycle. Indeed, on this very year, there were another 25 years until the next Jubilee in 408 BCE.
  • Jeremiah 52:4; Seder Olam, ch. 27 (p. 86; Josephus (Antiquities 10.7.3-4.)
  • Seder Olam, ch. 11 (p. 39), which cites Ezekiel 40:1; Babylonian Talmud (Arakhin 12b)
  • Ben Halafta, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabbah (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 91 (chapter 28). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Ben Solomon Zalman, Eliyahu (1905). Ḳol Eliyahu (in Hebrew). Piotrków, Poland: Nassan Nate Kronenberg. p. 2a (Rosh Hashannah). OCLC 1140887617.
  • Ben Halafta, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 96 (chapter 29). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 96 (chapter 29). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 99 (chapter 30). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. pp. 89, 91 (chapter 28). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 96 (chapter 29). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 99 (chapter 30). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Abravanel, Isaac (1860). Maʻyenei ha-Yeshuʻah (Commentary on the Book of Daniel). Stettin, Poland: R. Grossmann & E. Shrentsel. p. 46a. OCLC 50864691. (Amsterdam 1647)

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  • In the Talmud, the name Nabonidus is not mentioned, whereas the presumed succession went from Nebuchadnezzar to his son Amel-Marduk, and from Amel-Marduk to his son Baltasar. Although the full regnal years of the man are not mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, there is, however, a reference in Daniel 8:1 alluding to Baltasar's 3rd-year of reign, including a reference to Baltasar's death in Daniel 5:30–31. According to Rabbeinu Chananel on BT Megillah 11b, the seventy-year period spoken of by Jeremiah (25:11–12; 29:10) and by Daniel (9:1–2) refers to the period of time from the destruction of Jerusalem in the days of Nebuchadnezzar to the 2nd-year of the reign of Darius the Great, the same year being the 3rd and final year of Baltasar's reign.
  • According to the Talmud (Megillah 11b), this Darius is thought to have been the son of Ahasuerus, based on a verse in Daniel 9:1. Seder Olam erroneously places this Darius as a contemporary with Alexander the Great, and the last of the Persian kings. In conventional chronology, Darius the Great was not the son of Ahasuerus, but rather the son of Hystaspes, and is said to have reigned 36 years, and was succeeded by his son Xerxes. However, in Seder Olam's chronology, Darius is mentioned only with respect to his 2nd-year of reign when he laid the foundation of the Second Temple (356 BCE), a crucial point of reference considering that it is thought to have marked the end of the seventy-year period of Jerusalem's destruction. According to Ezra 6:15, Darius went on to fully complete the Temple in the 6th-year of his reign (352 BCE), but since the entire period of Persian hegemony over Israel during the time of the Second Temple was thought by Seder Olam to have been a mere 34 years (from 352 BCE to 318 BCE),[155] this would imply that Grecian (Macedonian) hegemony over Israel began in 318 BCE, at the conclusion of Darius the Great's reign, or else at the beginning of Xerxes' reign, when the Persian army was defeated by Alexander the Great. Modern scholarship has obviated the clear discrepancy in Seder Olam's chronology by saying that Tannaic scholars confounded Darius the Great with Darius III, and which caused the rabbis to omit ten other successive kings after Darius the Great.
  • Genesis 2:7
  • Genesis 10:25
  • According to Genesis, in this year Abraham was 48 years old. When Abraham went into Egypt (Genesis 12:10) he was probably between 80 and 90 years old. Thus, Seder Olam implies that in less than 40 years Egypt was formed with Pharaohs and officials.
  • Judges 11:26
  • Judges 27:1
  • Judges 19–21
  • 1 Kings 6:1
  • Seder Olam, ch. 11 (p. 39), which cites Ezekiel 40:1; Babylonian Talmud (Arakhin 12b)
  • 1 Kings 2:11; 2 Samuel 2:1–4
  • 2 Samuel 5:1–5
  • 1 Kings 2:11–12; 1 Chronicles 29:27–28
  • Seder Olam, ch. 16 (p. 51); 1 Kings 11:42
  • 1 Kings 6:1; 1 Kings 6:37.
  • 1 Kings 14:21; Seder Olam, ch. 16 (p. 51), based on the Vilna Gaon's correction of copyist error.
  • 2 Chronicles 12:2–4
  • 1 Kings 15:1–2; Seder Olam, ch. 16 (p. 51)
  • 1 Kings 15:9–10; Seder Olam, ch. 16 (p. 52)
  • 1 Kings 22:42; 2 Chronicles 20:31; Seder Olam, ch. 17 (p. 56); Josephus, Antiquities 9.3.2. (Antiq. 37.44)
  • 2 Kings 8:17; Seder Olam, ch. 17 (pp. 56–57)
  • 2 Kings 8:26; Seder Olam, ch. 17 (p. 57)
  • 2 Kings 11:1–3
  • 2 Kings 12:2; Seder Olam, ch. 18 (p. 58)
  • 2 Kings 14:2; Seder Olam, ch. 19 (p. 59)
  • 2 Kings 15:2; Seder Olam, ch. 19 (p. 60)
  • 2 Kings 15:33; 2 Chronicles 27:1; Seder Olam, ch. 22 (p. 70)
  • 2 Kings 16:2; Seder Olam, ch. 22 (p. 70)
  • 2 Kings 18:2; 2 Chronicles 29:1
  • 2 Kings 18:9–11
  • 2 Kings 18:13; Isaiah 36:1
  • 2 Kings 21:1; Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 77)
  • 2 Kings 21:19; Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 77)
  • 2 Kings 22:1; Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 77)
  • 2 Kings 23:31; 2 Chronicles 36:1–4; Seder Olam, ch. 24 (p. 78)
  • 2 Kings 23:36
  • 2 Kings 24:8; Seder Olam, ch. 25 (p. 81)
  • 2 Kings 24:18; Seder Olam, ch. 25 (p. 82)
  • Jeremiah 52:4; Seder Olam, ch. 27 (p. 86; Josephus (Antiquities 10.7.3-4.)
  • 2 Kings 24:18
  • 2 Kings 25:8–9; Jeremiah 52:12
  • This year is mentioned in the Babylonian Talmud (Megillah 11b), where it states: "They were exiled in the seventh [year] [and] they were exiled in the eighth [year]. They were exiled in the eighteenth [year] [and] they were exiled in the nineteenth [year]. [Meaning], they were exiled in the eighteenth year starting from [Nebuchadnezzar's] conquest of Jehoiakim [in 440 BCE to the present year, 422 BCE], being the [same year] of Zedekiah's exile, which [year] corresponds to the nineteenth [year] of Nebuchadnezzar's reign." A reference to this exile is also mentioned in Jeremiah 52:28–29.
  • Jeremiah 52:30
  • Seder Olam, ch. 11 (p. 39), which cites Ezekiel 40:1; Babylonian Talmud (Arakhin 12b)
  • In accordance with 2 Kings 24:12
  • By a conflation of two verses: Daniel 8:1 and Daniel 5:30
  • Cf. Daniel 9:1, where Darius is said to be the son of Ahasuerus and who, presumably, assumed the kingship after his father's death. See Saadia Gaon (1981). Yosef Qafih (ed.). Daniel and the Scroll of Antiochus, with a commentary by Rabbi Saadia Gaon (Daniʼel ʻim targum u-ferush Saʻadyah ben Yosef Fayumi.) (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Committee for the Publication of Saadia's Works. p. 160. OCLC 214650444., where he points out that this Ahasuerus is not to be confused with King Ahasuerus who is associated with Haman, Mordecai and Esther (in the Scroll of Esther), but was rather a different king. Conversely, Rashi in Megillah 11b, s.v. איהו כמה מלך ארביסר‎, holds that this Ahasuerus was the same Ahasuerus of the Scroll of Esther, since, there (Esther 3:7), it states: "...in the twelfth year of King Ahasuerus, they cast Pur, that is, they cast lots," whereas in the next year the miracle of Israel's deliverance occurred, being the 13th year of his reign, and in the following year (the 14th year of his reign) Mordecai and Esther enjoined the people of Israel to keep the holiday of Purim.

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  • Rabbi A. Kook (Orot Hakodesh Book 2 Chapt 537): If these six days were simply six days, why then would they be called "The secrets of creation" and why would it be forbidden to learn them until correctly prepared... The theory of evolution is increasingly conquering the world at this time, and, more so than all other philosophical theories, conforms to the kabbalistic secrets of the world. Evolution, which proceeds on a path of ascendancy, provides an optimistic foundation for the world. How is it possible to despair at a time when we see that everything evolves and ascends? ... My Jewish Learning Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine

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  • e.g.Maimonides Guide to the Perplexed (chapt 25): For two reasons, however, we have not done so, and have not accepted the Eternity of the Universe.... [A] mere argument in favour of a certain theory is not sufficient reason for rejecting the literal meaning of a biblical text, and explaining it figuratively, when the opposite theory [of literalism] can be supported by an equally good argument. SacredTexts.com

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  • Rabbi A. Kook (Orot Hakodesh Book 2 Chapt 537): If these six days were simply six days, why then would they be called "The secrets of creation" and why would it be forbidden to learn them until correctly prepared... The theory of evolution is increasingly conquering the world at this time, and, more so than all other philosophical theories, conforms to the kabbalistic secrets of the world. Evolution, which proceeds on a path of ascendancy, provides an optimistic foundation for the world. How is it possible to despair at a time when we see that everything evolves and ascends? ... My Jewish Learning Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine

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  • Sar-Shalom, Rahamim (1984). She'harim La'Luah Ha'ivry (Gates to the Hebrew Calendar) (in Hebrew). Tel-Aviv. p. 161. OCLC 854906532.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link), who wrote there, in the section entitled "The Traditional Chronology based on Seder Olam", that the First Temple was destroyed in 3338 anno mundi, a year corresponding with 423/422 BCE.
  • Sar-Shalom, Rahamim (1984). She'harim La'Luah Ha'ivry (Gates to the Hebrew Calendar) (in Hebrew). Tel-Aviv. p. 161. OCLC 854906532.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link), who wrote there, in the section entitled "The Traditional Chronology based on Seder Olam", that the Second Temple was destroyed in 3828 anno mundi, a year corresponding with 67/68 CE.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 93 (chapter 28). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. pp. 99-100 (chapter 30). OCLC 233090728. In the Jewish Diaspora they would write in their contracts, 'According to the counting of the Grecians, being a thousand [years since the exodus from Egypt']." This arcane statement is explained by Eliyahu of Vilna, in his commentary on Seder Olam as follows: "Being a thousand. Meaning, from the exodus of Egypt is reckoned a thousand years. That is to say, 480 [years passed] till the building of the [first] temple, and 410 [years being] the time of its duration, and 52 [years passed] till the kingdom of Persia [usurped authority over the Babylonian kingdom], and 52 [years being the duration] of the Persian kingdom [until their hegemony over Israel was taken by Macedonia], and 6 [years] of the kingdom of Greece (i.e. 312 BCE, thought to have been the 6th year of Alexander's reign)– all total, one-thousand years. It was during that time that they began to reckon the date in contracts, 'According to the kingdom of Grecia'.
  • Yerushalmi, M.D., ed. (1971), "Seder Olam Zutta", Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew), Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization, p. 109, OCLC 233091049, who wrote that Nebuchadnezzar exiled the people of Judah from their land, in the 11th-year of Zedekiah's reign, which year fell out in 3338 anno mundi (= 422 BCE).
  • Neusner, J., ed. (2002). The Tosefta, Translation from the Hebrew with a New Introduction. Vol. 1. Translated by Jacob Neusner. Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson Publishers. p. 632 (Taanit 3:9). ISBN 9781565636422. OCLC 711874263. When the Temple was destroyed the first time, it was the day after the Sabbath and the year after the Sabbatical year
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 49 (chapter 15). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 81(chapter 25). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 77(chapter 24). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 93 (chapter 28). OCLC 233090728. Rabbi Yose says: 'Seventy weeks' [spoken of by Daniel] is from the time of the destruction of the First Temple until the destruction of the last [Temple], [which time includes] the seventy [years] of its destruction, and four-hundred and ten (sic) [twenty] years of its building
  • Saleh, Y. (1979). Shimon Tzalach (ed.). The Complete 'Tiklal 'Eṣ Ḥayyim (in Hebrew). Vol. 2. Jerusalem: Ḳeren Agudat ha-Maharits. p. 173. OCLC 122866057. Commentary: In the lunar month Av of 5566 anno mundi (corresponding to 1806 CE), the Second Temple's destruction occurred 1738 years ago (i.e. in 68 CE), and the First Temple's destruction occurred 2228 years ago (i.e. in 422 BCE).
  • Abraham ibn Daud (1971), "Seder ha-Qabbalah le-Ravad", in Yerushalmi, M.D. (ed.), Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew), Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization, p. 4, OCLC 233091049, who wrote that the First Temple was built in 2909 anno mundi, a year corresponding with 852/851 BCE
  • Yerushalmi, M.D., ed. (1971), "Seder Olam Zutta", Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew), Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization, p. 108, OCLC 233091049
  • Cf. Abraham ibn Daud (1971), "Seder ha-Qabbalah le-Ravad", in Yerushalmi, M.D. (ed.), Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew), Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization, p. 5, OCLC 233091049, who deviates from the accounts written in the Hebrew Scriptures and in the Babylonian Talmud, and writes, instead, that in the 23rd year of Nebuchadnezzar's reign, he (Nebuchadnezzar) exiled Zedekiah and destroyed the Temple.
  • Weinstock, Moshe Ya'ir, ed. (1990). Seder Olam Rabbah Ha-Shalem: Divrei ha-yamim miyamot adam harishon 'ad habayit hasheni (with commentary Yemot Olam) (in Hebrew). Vol. 1. Bene-Berak: Mishor. p. 429. OCLC 24066916. (reprinted in Jerusalem, 1962). It is to be noted that the commentator in Yemot Olam writes that Nebuchadnezzar began his reign in 3319 anno mundi, a year corresponding with 441 BCE)
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. pp. 95-96 (chapter 29). OCLC 233090728.
  • Saadia Gaon (1981). Yosef Qafih (ed.). Daniel and the Scroll of Antiochus, with a commentary by Rabbi Saadia Gaon (Daniʼel ʻim targum u-ferush Saʻadyah ben Yosef Fayumi.) (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Committee for the Publication of Saadia's Works. p. 162. OCLC 214650444.
  • Saadia Gaon (1981). Yosef Qafih (ed.). Daniel and the Scroll of Antiochus, with a commentary by Rabbi Saadia Gaon (Daniʼel ʻim targum u-ferush Saʻadyah ben Yosef Fayumi.) (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Committee for the Publication of Saadia's Works. p. 161. OCLC 214650444., s.v. Daniel 9:2
  • Saadia Gaon (1981). Yosef Qafih (ed.). Daniel and the Scroll of Antiochus, with a commentary by Rabbi Saadia Gaon (Daniʼel ʻim targum u-ferush Saʻadyah ben Yosef Fayumi.) (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Committee for the Publication of Saadia's Works. p. 161 (note 4). OCLC 214650444.
  • Weinstock, Moshe Ya'ir, ed. (1990). Seder Olam Rabbah Ha-Shalem: Divrei ha-yamim miyamot adam harishon 'ad habayit hasheni (with commentary Yemot Olam) (in Hebrew). Vol. 1. Bene-Berak: Mishor. p. 431. OCLC 24066916. (reprinted in Jerusalem, 1962)
  • Saadia Gaon (1981). Yosef Qafih (ed.). Daniel and the Scroll of Antiochus, with a commentary by Rabbi Saadia Gaon (Daniʼel ʻim targum u-ferush Saʻadyah ben Yosef Fayumi.) (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Committee for the Publication of Saadia's Works. pp. 161–162. OCLC 214650444.
  • Parker, R.A.; Dubberstein, Waldo H. (1956). Babylonian Chronology, 626 B.C.–A.D. 75. Providence: Brown University Press. pp. 28–29. OCLC 460027103., who write that Evil-merodach (also called Amel-Marduk) reigned merely 2 years, and that after Evil-merodach's reign, Neglissar (Neriglissoor) ascended the throne instead of Belshazzar.
  • Ben Halafta, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabbah (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 91 (chapter 28). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Ben Solomon Zalman, Eliyahu (1905). Ḳol Eliyahu (in Hebrew). Piotrków, Poland: Nassan Nate Kronenberg. p. 2a (Rosh Hashannah). OCLC 1140887617.
  • Ben Halafta, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 96 (chapter 29). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Cf. Daniel 9:1, where Darius is said to be the son of Ahasuerus and who, presumably, assumed the kingship after his father's death. See Saadia Gaon (1981). Yosef Qafih (ed.). Daniel and the Scroll of Antiochus, with a commentary by Rabbi Saadia Gaon (Daniʼel ʻim targum u-ferush Saʻadyah ben Yosef Fayumi.) (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Committee for the Publication of Saadia's Works. p. 160. OCLC 214650444., where he points out that this Ahasuerus is not to be confused with King Ahasuerus who is associated with Haman, Mordecai and Esther (in the Scroll of Esther), but was rather a different king. Conversely, Rashi in Megillah 11b, s.v. איהו כמה מלך ארביסר‎, holds that this Ahasuerus was the same Ahasuerus of the Scroll of Esther, since, there (Esther 3:7), it states: "...in the twelfth year of King Ahasuerus, they cast Pur, that is, they cast lots," whereas in the next year the miracle of Israel's deliverance occurred, being the 13th year of his reign, and in the following year (the 14th year of his reign) Mordecai and Esther enjoined the people of Israel to keep the holiday of Purim.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 96 (chapter 29). OCLC 233090728.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 99 (chapter 30). OCLC 233090728.
  • Parker, R.A.; Dubberstein, Waldo H. (1956). Babylonian Chronology, 626 B.C.–A.D. 75. Providence: Brown University Press. p. 36. OCLC 460027103.. There, they conclude that this same period spanned from the first year of Darius I, in 522 BCE, to the 6th-year of Alexander the Great, in 331 BCE, a time-span of 191 years.
  • Cory, I.P. (1828). The Ancient Fragments. London: William Pickering. p. 65. OCLC 1000992106.. According to Parker's and Dubberstein's Babylonian Chronology 626 B.C.–A.D. 75, p. 30, who wrote the chronologies of the Babylonian and Persian kings based on ancient calendar tables, Cambyses' reign is put at 8 years. Herodotus, however, disputes these figures, putting Cambyses' reign at 7 years and 5 months. See Herodotus (1921). G.P. Goold (ed.). Herodotus: The Persian Wars. Vol. 2 (Books III–IV). Translated by A.D. Godley. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann Ltd. p. 87 s. 65–68 (Book III).
  • Cory, I.P. (1828). The Ancient Fragments. London: William Pickering. p. 65. OCLC 1000992106. (Manetho's list of eight successive Persian kings)
  • cf. First, Mitchell (1997). Jewish History in Conflict: A Study of the Major Discrepancy between Rabbinic and Conventional Chronology. Lanham: Jason Aronson. p. 178 (note 13). ISBN 978-1-56821-970-7. OCLC 845250409.
  • Parker, R.A.; Dubberstein, Waldo H. (1956). Babylonian Chronology, 626 B.C.–A.D. 75. Providence: Brown University Press. OCLC 460027103.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. pp. 89, 91 (chapter 28). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Parker, R.A.; Dubberstein, Waldo H. (1956). Babylonian Chronology, 626 B.C.–A.D. 75. Providence: Brown University Press. p. 12. OCLC 460027103.
  • See Parker, R.A.; Dubberstein, Waldo H. (1956). Babylonian Chronology, 626 B.C.–A.D. 75. Providence: Brown University Press. p. 28. OCLC 460027103., who put down only two regnal years for this king; Josephus, Against Apion 1:19–20, citing Berossus. (It is to be noted that Josephus, elsewhere, contradicts himself, saying that Amel-Marduk reigned 18 years.)
  • See Parker, R.A.; Dubberstein, Waldo H. (1956). Babylonian Chronology, 626 B.C.–A.D. 75. Providence: Brown University Press. p. 29. OCLC 460027103., who put down only four regnal years for this king, and who is called by them Nergal-Shar-Usur; Josephus, Against Apion 1.147. (It is to be noted that Josephus, elsewhere, contradicts himself, saying that Neriglissar reigned 40 years).
  • Parker, R.A.; Dubberstein, Waldo H. (1956). Babylonian Chronology, 626 B.C.–A.D. 75. Providence: Brown University Press. pp. 13–14. OCLC 460027103.
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 96 (chapter 29). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Ben Halpetha, Jose (1971). M.D. Yerushalmi (ed.). Seder Olam Rabba (in Hebrew). Gil Publishers, in affiliation with the Haredi Youth Organization. p. 99 (chapter 30). OCLC 233090728. (reprint of 1955 edition, Jerusalem)
  • Abravanel, Isaac (1860). Maʻyenei ha-Yeshuʻah (Commentary on the Book of Daniel). Stettin, Poland: R. Grossmann & E. Shrentsel. p. 46a. OCLC 50864691. (Amsterdam 1647)
  • First, Mitchell (1997). Jewish History in Conflict: A Study of the Major Discrepancy between Rabbinic and Conventional Chronology. Lanham: Jason Aronson. p. 5. ISBN 978-1-56821-970-7. OCLC 845250409.