Naff, Thomas (1963). "Reform and the Conduct of Ottoman Diplomacy in the Reign of Selim III, 1789-1807". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 83 (3): 295–315. doi:10.2307/598070. JSTOR598070.
Signell, Karl (1976). "The Modernization Process in Two Oriental Music Cultures: Turkish and Japanese". Asian Music. 7 (2): 72–102. doi:10.2307/833790. JSTOR833790.
Holbrook, Victoria Rowe (1999). "The Intellectual and the State: Poetry in Istanbul in the 1790s". Oriente Moderno. 18 (1). doi:10.1163/22138617-07901018. JSTOR25817603.
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Şehsuvaroğlu, Hâluk Y. (1953). Asırlar Boyunca Istanbul (in Turkish). Cumhuriyet Gazetesi. p. 168.
Naff, Thomas (1963). "Reform and the Conduct of Ottoman Diplomacy in the Reign of Selim III, 1789-1807". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 83 (3): 295–315. doi:10.2307/598070. JSTOR598070.
Signell, Karl (1976). "The Modernization Process in Two Oriental Music Cultures: Turkish and Japanese". Asian Music. 7 (2): 72–102. doi:10.2307/833790. JSTOR833790.
Holbrook, Victoria Rowe (1999). "The Intellectual and the State: Poetry in Istanbul in the 1790s". Oriente Moderno. 18 (1). doi:10.1163/22138617-07901018. JSTOR25817603.