Sewage sludge (English Wikipedia)

Artiola, Janick F. (November 2006). "Biosolids land use in Arizona" (PDF). University of Arizona. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2008. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

basqueresearch.com

Bulegoa, Komunikazio (8 January 2009). "Adding high doses of sludge to neutralize soil acidity not advisable". Basque Research. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

books.google.com

Zorpas, Antonis A. (2012). "Contribution of Zeolites in Sewage Sludge Composting". In Inglezakis, Vassilis J.; Zorpas, Antonis A. (eds.). Handbook of Natural Zeolites. Bentham Science. p. 289. ISBN 978-1-60805-446-6.

boston.com

archive.boston.com

Heilprin, John (2008-04-14). "Sludge tested as lead protection in poor areas". Boston.com. Retrieved 2018-10-26.

charlotteobserver.com

Henderson, Bruce (14 April 2014). "Charlotte PCB cleanup costs to top $1.3 million". The Charlotte Observer. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
Henderson, Bruce; Lyttle, Steve; Bethea, April (7 February 2014). "Task force named to probe chemical dumping". The Charlotte Observer. Retrieved 1 June 2017.

commondreams.org

Jerving, Sara (18 March 2012). "New Toxic Sludge PR and Lobbying Effort Gets Underway". CommonDreams. PRWatch. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

cornell.edu

soilandwater.bee.cornell.edu

McBride, Murray B.; Richards, Brian K.; Steenhuis, Tammo S.; Spiers, G. (May–June 2000). "Molybdenum Uptake by Forage Crops Grown on Sewage Sludge-Amended Soils in the Field and Greenhouse" (PDF). Journal of Environmental Quality. 29 (3): 848–54. Bibcode:2000JEnvQ..29..848M. doi:10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900030021x. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

cwmi.css.cornell.edu

Harrison, Ellen Z; McBride, Murray (March 2009). "Case for Caution Revisited: Health and Environmental Impacts of Application of Sewage Sludges to Agricultural Land" (PDF). Cornell Waste Management Institute. Retrieved 16 January 2016.

ecommons.cornell.edu

Barker, Allen; Harrison, Ellen; Hay, Anthony; et al. (April 2007). "Guidelines for Application of Sewage Biosolids to Agricultural Lands in the Northeastern U.S." (PDF). Cornell University. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

doi.org

Richards, Brian K.; Peverly, John H.; Steenhuis, Tammo S.; Liebowitz, Barry N. (1997). "Effect of Processing Mode on Trace Elements in Dewatered Sludge Products". Journal of Environmental Quality. 26 (3): 782–8. doi:10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600030027x.
Popoola, Lekan Taofeek; Olawale, Theophilus Ogunwumi; Salami, Lukumon (2023). "A review on the fate and effects of contaminants in biosolids applied on land: Hazards and government regulatory policies". Heliyon. 9 (10): e19788. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19788. ISSN 2405-8440. PMC 10556614. PMID 37810801.
Lu, Qin; He, Zhenli L.; Stoffella, Peter J. (2012). "Land Application of Biosolids in the USA: A Review". Applied and Environmental Soil Science. 2012: 1–11. doi:10.1155/2012/201462. ISSN 1687-7667.
Lu, Qin; He, Zhenli H.; Stoffella, Peter J. (2012). Torri, Silvana I. (ed.). "Land Application of Biosolids in the USA: A Review". Applied and Environmental Soil Science. 2012: 4. doi:10.1155/2012/201462. 201462.
Kominko, Halyna; Gorazda, Katarzyna; Wzorek, Zbigniew (2024-06-01). "Sewage sludge: A review of its risks and circular raw material potential". Journal of Water Process Engineering. 63: 105522. doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105522. ISSN 2214-7144.
Graczyk, Thaddeus K.; Kacprzak, Malgorzata; Neczaj, Ewa; et al. (2008-01-01). "Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in sewage sludge and solid waste landfill leachate and quantitative comparative analysis of sanitization treatments on pathogen inactivation". Environmental Research. 106 (1): 27–33. Bibcode:2008ER....106...27G. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2007.05.005. ISSN 0013-9351. PMID 17585898.
Harrison, Ellen Z.; Oakes, Summer Rayne (2003). "Investigation of alleged health incidents associated with land application of sewage sludges". New Solutions. 12 (4): 387–408. Bibcode:2003NewSo..12..387H. doi:10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8. hdl:1813/5319. PMID 17208785. S2CID 26931475.
Hosseinpur, Alireza; Pashamokhtari, Hamed (2013). "The effects of incubation on phosphorus desorption properties, phosphorus availability, and salinity of biosolids-amended soils". Environmental Earth Sciences. 69 (3): 899–908. Bibcode:2013EES....69..899H. doi:10.1007/s12665-012-1975-6. S2CID 140537340.
McBride, Murray B.; Richards, Brian K.; Steenhuis, Tammo S.; Spiers, G. (May–June 2000). "Molybdenum Uptake by Forage Crops Grown on Sewage Sludge-Amended Soils in the Field and Greenhouse" (PDF). Journal of Environmental Quality. 29 (3): 848–54. Bibcode:2000JEnvQ..29..848M. doi:10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900030021x. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
Kim, Bojeong; McBride, Murray B.; Richards, Brian K.; Steenhuis, Tammo S. (2007). "The long-term effect of sludge application on Cu, Zn, and Mo behavior in soils and accumulation in soybean seeds". Plant and Soil. 299 (1–2): 227–36. doi:10.1007/s11104-007-9377-3. S2CID 24692709.
McBride, Murray B. (2005). "Molybdenum and Copper Uptake by Forage Grasses and Legumes Grown on a Metal-Contaminated Sludge Site". Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 36 (17–18): 2489–501. doi:10.1080/00103620500255840. S2CID 98655719.
Edwards, M.; Topp, E.; Metcalfe, CD.; et al. (1 July 2009). "Pharmaceutical and personal care products in tile drainage following surface spreading and injection of dewatered municipal biosolids to an agricultural field". Science of the Total Environment. 407 (14): 4220–30. Bibcode:2009ScTEn.407.4220E. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.028. PMID 19394680.
Xia, Kang; Hundal, Lakhwinder S.; Kumar, Kuldip; et al. (2010). "Triclocarban, triclosan, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and 4-nonylphenol in biosolids and in soil receiving 33-year biosolids application". Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 29 (3): 597–605. doi:10.1002/etc.66. PMID 20821484. S2CID 8455892.
Cha, Jongmun; Cupples, Alison M. (2009). "Detection of the antimicrobials triclocarban and triclosan in agricultural soils following land application of municipal biosolids". Water Research. 43 (9): 2522–30. Bibcode:2009WatRe..43.2522C. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.004. PMID 19327812.
Cha, Jongmun; Cupples, Alison M. (2010). "Triclocarban and triclosan biodegradation at field concentrations and the resulting leaching potentials in three agricultural soils". Chemosphere. 81 (4): 494–9. Bibcode:2010Chmsp..81..494C. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.040. PMID 20705327.
Wu, Chenxi; Spongberg, Alison L.; Witter, Jason D.; et al. (2010). "Uptake of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products by Soybean Plants from Soils Applied with Biosolids and Irrigated with Contaminated Water". Environmental Science & Technology. 44 (16): 6157–61. Bibcode:2010EnST...44.6157W. doi:10.1021/es1011115. PMID 20704212.
Harrison, Ellen Z.; McBride, Murray B.; Bouldin, David R. (1999). "Land application of sewage sludges: An appraisal of the US regulations". International Journal of Environment and Pollution. 11: 1–36. doi:10.1504/IJEP.1999.002247. hdl:1813/5299.
Ingunza, Maria del Pilar Durante; Júnior, Olavo Francisco dos Santos; Medeiros, Sayonara Andrade (2013). Wu, Yun; Wu, Yijin (eds.). "Sewage Sludge as Raw-Material in Asphalt Mixtures". Advanced Materials Research. 664: 638–643. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.664.638. S2CID 137163083.
Cartmell, Elise; Gostelow, Peter; Riddell-Black, Drusilla; et al. (2006). "Biosolids—A Fuel or a Waste? An Integrated Appraisal of Five Co-combustion Scenarios with Policy Analysis". Environmental Science & Technology. 40 (3): 649–58. Bibcode:2006EnST...40..649C. doi:10.1021/es052181g. PMID 16509299.
Jolis, Domènec (April 2006). "Regrowth of fecal coliforms in class A biosolids". Water Environment Research. 78 (4): 442–5. Bibcode:2006WaEnR..78..442J. doi:10.2175/106143005X90074. PMID 16749313. S2CID 21071021.
Lewis, David L.; Gattie, David K. (July 2002). "Pathogen Risks From Applying Sewage Sludge to Land". Environmental Science & Technology. 36 (13): 286A–293A. doi:10.1021/es0223426. PMID 12144261.
- "Researchers Link Increased Risk Of Illness To Sewage Sludge Used As Fertilizer". ScienceDaily (Press release). 30 July 2002.
- Harrison, Ellen Z.; Oakes, Summer Rayne (2003). "Investigation of alleged health incidents associated with land application of sewage sludges" (PDF). New Solutions. 12 (4): 387–408. Bibcode:2003NewSo..12..387H. doi:10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8. hdl:1813/5319. PMID 17208785. S2CID 26931475. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
- McBride, Murray B. (October 2003). "Toxic metals in sewage sludge-amended soils: Has promotion of beneficial use discounted the risks?". Advances in Environmental Research. 8: 5–19. doi:10.1016/S1093-0191(02)00141-7. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
- Turek, Marian; Korolewicz, Teofil; Ciba, Jerzy (2005). "Removal of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge Used as Soil Fertilizer". Soil and Sediment Contamination. 14 (2): 143–54. Bibcode:2005SSCIJ..14..143T. doi:10.1080/15320380590911797. S2CID 93258156.
- Zubris, Kimberly Ann V.; Richards, Brian K. (2005). "Synthetic fibers as an indicator of land application of sludge". Environmental Pollution. 138 (2): 201–11. Bibcode:2005EPoll.138..201Z. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2005.04.013. PMID 15967553.
- Biosolids Applied to Land: Advancing Standards and Practices. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences. 2002. doi:10.17226/10426. ISBN 978-0-309-57036-7.
- Douwes, J.; Thorne, P; Pearce, N; Heederik, D (2003). "Bioaerosol Health Effects and Exposure Assessment: Progress and Prospects". Annals of Occupational Hygiene. 47 (3): 187–200. doi:10.1093/annhyg/meg032. PMID 12639832.
- Lewis, David L; Gattie, David K; Novak, Marc E; et al. (2002). "Interactions of pathogens and irritant chemicals in land-applied sewage sludges (biosolids)". BMC Public Health. 2: 11. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-2-11. PMC 117218. PMID 12097151.
- Khuder, Sadik; Milz, Sheryl A.; Bisesi, Michael; et al. (2007). "Health Survey of Residents Living Near Farm Fields Permitted to Receive Biosolids". Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health. 62 (1): 5–11. Bibcode:2007ArEOH..62....5K. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.534.8483. doi:10.3200/AEOH.62.1.5-11. PMID 18171641. S2CID 14867023.
- Kelessidis, Alexandros; Stasinakis, Athanasios S. (June 2012). "Comparative study of the methods used for treatment and final disposal of sewage sludge in European countries". Waste Management (New York, N.Y.). 32 (6): 1186–1195. Bibcode:2012WaMan..32.1186K. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2012.01.012. ISSN 1879-2456. PMID 22336390.
- Martínez, K.; Abad, E.; Palacios, O.; et al. (2007-11-01). "Assessment of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in sludges according to the European environmental policy". Environment International. 33 (8): 1040–1047. Bibcode:2007EnInt..33.1040M. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2007.06.005. ISSN 0160-4120. PMID 17698193.
- Swanson, R. Lawrence; Bortman, Marci L.; O'Connor, Thomas P.; Stanford, Harold M. (November 2004). "Science, policy and the management of sewage materials. The New York City experience". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 49 (9–10): 679–687. Bibcode:2004MarPB..49..679S. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.06.025. PMID 15530510.

ejnet.org

"The Sludge Hits the Fan". www.ejnet.org. Retrieved 2019-11-12.

epa.gov

Biosolids Generation, Use, and Disposal in The United States (PDF) (Report). EPA. September 1999. p. 2. EPA530-R-99-009. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
US EPA, OW (2015-07-10). "Learn about Ocean Dumping". US EPA. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
"Targeted National Sewage Sludge Survey Statistical Analysis Report" (PDF). EPA. January 2009. EPA-822-R-08-018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 July 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2009.
"Toxic 'Risk Assessment of Pollutants in Biosolids". EPA. 26 February 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
"Use and Disposal of Biosolids". EPA. 2016-11-08. Archived from the original on 26 March 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
"PFAS Strategic Roadmap: EPA's Commitments to Action 2021-2024". EPA. 14 October 2021. Retrieved 2022-03-24.
"A Plain English Guide to the EPA Part 503 Biosolids Rule" (PDF). EPA. September 1994. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
"Processes to Further Reduce Pathogens (PFRPs)" (PDF). EPA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2009. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
"Land Application of Biosolids" (PDF). EPA. 28 March 2002. Retrieved 5 June 2017.

water.epa.gov

"Biosolids: Targeted National Sewage Sludge Survey Report — Overview". EPA. January 2009. EPA 822-R-08-014. Archived from the original on 16 February 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
"Questions and Answers on the Part 503 Risk Assessments" (PDF). EPA. 2014-04-23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 5 June 2017.

archive.epa.gov

US EPA, OA. "EPA History: Ocean Dumping Ban Act of 1988". archive.epa.gov. Retrieved 2022-01-12.

europa.eu

ec.europa.eu

"Sewage sludge - Waste - Environment - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2019-11-19.
" Disposal and Recycling Routes for Sewage Sludge" Part 2 - Regulatory report October 2001. pg 1-65. Written by the EU Directive General for the Environment under the European commission. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/waste/sludge/pdf/sludge_disposal2.pdf

data.europa.eu

Council Directive 86/278/EEC of 12 June 1986 on the protection of the environment, and in particular of the soil, when sewage sludge is used in agriculture, vol. OJ L, 1986-07-04, retrieved 2019-11-19

fbi.gov

"Former Synagro Executive guilty of bribing City officials".

foodrepublic.com

"Whole Foods Draws A Line In The Sludge". Food Republic. 23 January 2014. Retrieved 26 February 2017.

go.com

abcnews.go.com

"Toxic 'forever chemicals' found in Michigan farm's beef". abcNEWS. ABC News Internet Ventures. Retrieved 28 March 2022.

gpo.gov

"503.9" (PDF). Code of Federal Regulations. GPO (Report). Vol. 40. Retrieved 1 June 2017.

edocket.access.gpo.gov

"Title 40 - Protection of Environment". GPO. Retrieved 5 June 2017.

grontmij.com

Morgenschweis, Christa. "Phosphorus recovery with Pearl technology". Grontmij. Archived from the original on 18 March 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2017.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Harrison, Ellen Z.; Oakes, Summer Rayne (2003). "Investigation of alleged health incidents associated with land application of sewage sludges". New Solutions. 12 (4): 387–408. Bibcode:2003NewSo..12..387H. doi:10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8. hdl:1813/5319. PMID 17208785. S2CID 26931475.
Harrison, Ellen Z.; McBride, Murray B.; Bouldin, David R. (1999). "Land application of sewage sludges: An appraisal of the US regulations". International Journal of Environment and Pollution. 11: 1–36. doi:10.1504/IJEP.1999.002247. hdl:1813/5299.
Harrison, Ellen Z.; Oakes, Summer Rayne (2003). "Investigation of alleged health incidents associated with land application of sewage sludges" (PDF). New Solutions. 12 (4): 387–408. Bibcode:2003NewSo..12..387H. doi:10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8. hdl:1813/5319. PMID 17208785. S2CID 26931475. Retrieved 30 May 2017.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Graczyk, Thaddeus K.; Kacprzak, Malgorzata; Neczaj, Ewa; et al. (2008-01-01). "Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in sewage sludge and solid waste landfill leachate and quantitative comparative analysis of sanitization treatments on pathogen inactivation". Environmental Research. 106 (1): 27–33. Bibcode:2008ER....106...27G. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2007.05.005. ISSN 0013-9351. PMID 17585898.
Harrison, Ellen Z.; Oakes, Summer Rayne (2003). "Investigation of alleged health incidents associated with land application of sewage sludges". New Solutions. 12 (4): 387–408. Bibcode:2003NewSo..12..387H. doi:10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8. hdl:1813/5319. PMID 17208785. S2CID 26931475.
Hosseinpur, Alireza; Pashamokhtari, Hamed (2013). "The effects of incubation on phosphorus desorption properties, phosphorus availability, and salinity of biosolids-amended soils". Environmental Earth Sciences. 69 (3): 899–908. Bibcode:2013EES....69..899H. doi:10.1007/s12665-012-1975-6. S2CID 140537340.
McBride, Murray B.; Richards, Brian K.; Steenhuis, Tammo S.; Spiers, G. (May–June 2000). "Molybdenum Uptake by Forage Crops Grown on Sewage Sludge-Amended Soils in the Field and Greenhouse" (PDF). Journal of Environmental Quality. 29 (3): 848–54. Bibcode:2000JEnvQ..29..848M. doi:10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900030021x. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
Edwards, M.; Topp, E.; Metcalfe, CD.; et al. (1 July 2009). "Pharmaceutical and personal care products in tile drainage following surface spreading and injection of dewatered municipal biosolids to an agricultural field". Science of the Total Environment. 407 (14): 4220–30. Bibcode:2009ScTEn.407.4220E. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.028. PMID 19394680.
Cha, Jongmun; Cupples, Alison M. (2009). "Detection of the antimicrobials triclocarban and triclosan in agricultural soils following land application of municipal biosolids". Water Research. 43 (9): 2522–30. Bibcode:2009WatRe..43.2522C. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.004. PMID 19327812.
Cha, Jongmun; Cupples, Alison M. (2010). "Triclocarban and triclosan biodegradation at field concentrations and the resulting leaching potentials in three agricultural soils". Chemosphere. 81 (4): 494–9. Bibcode:2010Chmsp..81..494C. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.040. PMID 20705327.
Wu, Chenxi; Spongberg, Alison L.; Witter, Jason D.; et al. (2010). "Uptake of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products by Soybean Plants from Soils Applied with Biosolids and Irrigated with Contaminated Water". Environmental Science & Technology. 44 (16): 6157–61. Bibcode:2010EnST...44.6157W. doi:10.1021/es1011115. PMID 20704212.
Cartmell, Elise; Gostelow, Peter; Riddell-Black, Drusilla; et al. (2006). "Biosolids—A Fuel or a Waste? An Integrated Appraisal of Five Co-combustion Scenarios with Policy Analysis". Environmental Science & Technology. 40 (3): 649–58. Bibcode:2006EnST...40..649C. doi:10.1021/es052181g. PMID 16509299.
Jolis, Domènec (April 2006). "Regrowth of fecal coliforms in class A biosolids". Water Environment Research. 78 (4): 442–5. Bibcode:2006WaEnR..78..442J. doi:10.2175/106143005X90074. PMID 16749313. S2CID 21071021.
Harrison, Ellen Z.; Oakes, Summer Rayne (2003). "Investigation of alleged health incidents associated with land application of sewage sludges" (PDF). New Solutions. 12 (4): 387–408. Bibcode:2003NewSo..12..387H. doi:10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8. hdl:1813/5319. PMID 17208785. S2CID 26931475. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Turek, Marian; Korolewicz, Teofil; Ciba, Jerzy (2005). "Removal of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge Used as Soil Fertilizer". Soil and Sediment Contamination. 14 (2): 143–54. Bibcode:2005SSCIJ..14..143T. doi:10.1080/15320380590911797. S2CID 93258156.
Zubris, Kimberly Ann V.; Richards, Brian K. (2005). "Synthetic fibers as an indicator of land application of sludge". Environmental Pollution. 138 (2): 201–11. Bibcode:2005EPoll.138..201Z. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2005.04.013. PMID 15967553.
Khuder, Sadik; Milz, Sheryl A.; Bisesi, Michael; et al. (2007). "Health Survey of Residents Living Near Farm Fields Permitted to Receive Biosolids". Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health. 62 (1): 5–11. Bibcode:2007ArEOH..62....5K. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.534.8483. doi:10.3200/AEOH.62.1.5-11. PMID 18171641. S2CID 14867023.
Kelessidis, Alexandros; Stasinakis, Athanasios S. (June 2012). "Comparative study of the methods used for treatment and final disposal of sewage sludge in European countries". Waste Management (New York, N.Y.). 32 (6): 1186–1195. Bibcode:2012WaMan..32.1186K. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2012.01.012. ISSN 1879-2456. PMID 22336390.
Martínez, K.; Abad, E.; Palacios, O.; et al. (2007-11-01). "Assessment of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in sludges according to the European environmental policy". Environment International. 33 (8): 1040–1047. Bibcode:2007EnInt..33.1040M. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2007.06.005. ISSN 0160-4120. PMID 17698193.
Swanson, R. Lawrence; Bortman, Marci L.; O'Connor, Thomas P.; Stanford, Harold M. (November 2004). "Science, policy and the management of sewage materials. The New York City experience". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 49 (9–10): 679–687. Bibcode:2004MarPB..49..679S. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.06.025. PMID 15530510.

helpguide.org

"Understanding Organic Food Labels, Benefits, and Claims". HelpGuide. Archived from the original on 9 January 2012. Retrieved 2 June 2017.

ieee.org

spectrum.ieee.org

Boyd, John (26 August 2011). "Radioactive Sludge Collects in Japan's Sewage Treatment Plants". IEEE. Retrieved 30 May 2017.

lacity.org

dpw.lacity.org

"City of L.A. Secures Trial Decision Striking Down Kern County Biosolids Ban | Department of Public Works". dpw.lacity.org. Retrieved 2023-02-15.

mlive.com

"Synagro Bribe Caught on FBI Tape".

muskogeephoenix.com

Writer, D.E. SmootPhoenix Staff. "Landowners win sludge suit". Muskogee Phoenix. Retrieved 2018-10-26.

nap.edu

Biosolids Applied to Land: Advancing Standards and Practices. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences. 2002. doi:10.17226/10426. ISBN 978-0-309-57036-7.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Popoola, Lekan Taofeek; Olawale, Theophilus Ogunwumi; Salami, Lukumon (2023). "A review on the fate and effects of contaminants in biosolids applied on land: Hazards and government regulatory policies". Heliyon. 9 (10): e19788. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19788. ISSN 2405-8440. PMC 10556614. PMID 37810801.
Graczyk, Thaddeus K.; Kacprzak, Malgorzata; Neczaj, Ewa; et al. (2008-01-01). "Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in sewage sludge and solid waste landfill leachate and quantitative comparative analysis of sanitization treatments on pathogen inactivation". Environmental Research. 106 (1): 27–33. Bibcode:2008ER....106...27G. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2007.05.005. ISSN 0013-9351. PMID 17585898.
Harrison, Ellen Z.; Oakes, Summer Rayne (2003). "Investigation of alleged health incidents associated with land application of sewage sludges". New Solutions. 12 (4): 387–408. Bibcode:2003NewSo..12..387H. doi:10.2190/0FJ0-T6HJ-08EM-HWW8. hdl:1813/5319. PMID 17208785. S2CID 26931475.
Edwards, M.; Topp, E.; Metcalfe, CD.; et al. (1 July 2009). "Pharmaceutical and personal care products in tile drainage following surface spreading and injection of dewatered municipal biosolids to an agricultural field". Science of the Total Environment. 407 (14): 4220–30. Bibcode:2009ScTEn.407.4220E. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.028. PMID 19394680.
Xia, Kang; Hundal, Lakhwinder S.; Kumar, Kuldip; et al. (2010). "Triclocarban, triclosan, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and 4-nonylphenol in biosolids and in soil receiving 33-year biosolids application". Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 29 (3): 597–605. doi:10.1002/etc.66. PMID 20821484. S2CID 8455892.
Cha, Jongmun; Cupples, Alison M. (2009). "Detection of the antimicrobials triclocarban and triclosan in agricultural soils following land application of municipal biosolids". Water Research. 43 (9): 2522–30. Bibcode:2009WatRe..43.2522C. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.004. PMID 19327812.
Cha, Jongmun; Cupples, Alison M. (2010). "Triclocarban and triclosan biodegradation at field concentrations and the resulting leaching potentials in three agricultural soils". Chemosphere. 81 (4): 494–9. Bibcode:2010Chmsp..81..494C. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.040. PMID 20705327.
Wu, Chenxi; Spongberg, Alison L.; Witter, Jason D.; et al. (2010). "Uptake of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products by Soybean Plants from Soils Applied with Biosolids and Irrigated with Contaminated Water". Environmental Science & Technology. 44 (16): 6157–61. Bibcode:2010EnST...44.6157W. doi:10.1021/es1011115. PMID 20704212.
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