Shaivism (English Wikipedia)

Sanderson (2012–2013, p. 58): "...liturgical systems differentiated most obviously by the identity of the central deity. Thus in an early classification, seen in the Ciñciṇīmata, we are given accounts of four systems of Kaula teaching, called the Āmnāyas (‘Traditions’), assigned to the four directions, east (Pūrvāmnāya), north (Uttarāmnāya), west (Paścimāmnāya), and south (Dakṣiṇāmnāya), each with a distinctive pantheon of worship." Sanderson, Alexis (2012–2013). "The Śaiva Literature" (PDF). Journal of Indological Studies (Kyoto), Nos. 24 & 25 (2012–2013), 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016.
Sanderson 2012–2013, p. 4-5, 11, 57. Sanderson, Alexis (2012–2013). "The Śaiva Literature" (PDF). Journal of Indological Studies (Kyoto), Nos. 24 & 25 (2012–2013), 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016.
Sanderson 2012–2013, p. 57–65. Sanderson, Alexis (2012–2013). "The Śaiva Literature" (PDF). Journal of Indological Studies (Kyoto), Nos. 24 & 25 (2012–2013), 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016.
Alexis Sanderson (1999), YOGA IN ŚAIVISM Archived 19 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Oxford University, pages 1-7

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

For Śvetāśvatara Upanishad as a systematic philosophy of Shaivism see: Chakravarti 1994, p. 9. Chakravarti, Mahadev (1994), The Concept of Rudra-Śiva Through The Ages (Second Revised ed.), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0053-3
Flood 1996, pp. 17. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Flood 1996, pp. 148–150. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Flood 1996, pp. 162–167. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Flood 1996, pp. 158. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Chakravarti 1994, p. 28. Chakravarti, Mahadev (1994), The Concept of Rudra-Śiva Through The Ages (Second Revised ed.), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0053-3
Chakravarti 1994, p. 21-22. Chakravarti, Mahadev (1994), The Concept of Rudra-Śiva Through The Ages (Second Revised ed.), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0053-3
Chakravarti 1994, p. 21-23. Chakravarti, Mahadev (1994), The Concept of Rudra-Śiva Through The Ages (Second Revised ed.), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0053-3
Flood 1996, p. 149. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Flood 1996, pp. 28–29. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Flood 1996, pp. 152. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Flood 1996, pp. 150. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Chakravarti 1994, pp. 70–71. Chakravarti, Mahadev (1994), The Concept of Rudra-Śiva Through The Ages (Second Revised ed.), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0053-3
Flood 1996, pp. 154. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Flood 1996, pp. 153–154. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Dandekar (1977). "Vaishnavism: an overview". In Jones, Lindsay (ed.). MacMillan Encyclopedia of Religion. MacMillan (Reprinted in 2005). p. 9500. ISBN 978-0028657332.
Kuppuswamy, Gowri; Hariharan, M. Bhajana Tradition in South India. p. 34 – via Internet Archive.
Flood 1996, pp. 154–155. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Flood 1996, pp. 155. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Flood 1996, pp. 152, 156–157, 172. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
James G. Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 505. ISBN 978-0-8239-3180-4. Archived from the original on 16 March 2020. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
Dasgupta 1955, pp. 5–6. Dasgupta, Surendranath (1955). A History of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 5: The Southern Schools of Śaivism. Cambridge University Press.
Flood 1996, pp. 171. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
A Topographical List Of The Inscriptions Of The Madras Presindency (collected Till 1915) With Notes And References Volume I, V. Rangacharya, Madras Government Press, pages 47–48
Parmeshwaranand 2004, pp. 210–217. Parmeshwaranand, S. (2004). Encyclopaedia of the Śaivism. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 978-81-7625-427-4.
Flood 1996, p. 164-167. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
Olivelle, Patrick (1998). Upaniṣads. Oxford University Press. pp. 11–14. ISBN 978-0192835765.
Kramrisch 1994a, p. 274-286. Kramrisch, Stella (1994a), The Presence of Śiva, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0691019307
Kramrisch 1994a, p. 187-188. Kramrisch, Stella (1994a), The Presence of Śiva, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0691019307
Flood 1996, pp. 225. Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0.
James C. Harle (1994). The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent. Yale University Press. pp. 140–142, 191, 201–203. ISBN 978-0-300-06217-5.
Kramrisch 1994a, p. 438. Kramrisch, Stella (1994a), The Presence of Śiva, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0691019307
Mikel Burley (2000). Haṭha-Yoga: Its Context, Theory, and Practice. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 6–12, 59. ISBN 978-81-208-1706-7.
Peter Harvey (1990). An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices. Cambridge University Press. pp. 143–144. ISBN 978-0-521-31333-9.
James Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1&2. Rosen Publishing. p. 128. ISBN 0-8239-2287-1.
Kramrisch 1994a, p. 164. Kramrisch, Stella (1994a), The Presence of Śiva, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0691019307
Kramrisch 1994a, pp. 11–12. Kramrisch, Stella (1994a), The Presence of Śiva, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0691019307

artic.edu (Global: 5,251^st place; English: 3,693^rd place)

Shiva as Lord of the Dance (Nataraja), Chola period, c. 10th/11th century Archived 15 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Art Institute of Chicago, United States

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Singh (1989, p. ix–xiv): "After the demise of the Trika as a lineage in Kashmir in the late 13th century, due in large measure to the invasion of Islam, a few rare manuscripts of this important and complex text..." Singh, Jaideva (1989). A Trident of Wisdom: Translation of Paratrisika-vivarana. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0180-4. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Johnson & Grim 2013, p. 400. Johnson, Todd M; Grim, Brian J (2013). The World's Religions in Figures: An Introduction to International Religious Demography. John Wiley & Sons. p. 400. ISBN 9781118323038. Archived from the original on 9 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Jones & Ryan 2006, p. 474. Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8160-7564-5. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
Gonda 1975, p. 3–20, 35–36, 49–51. Gonda, Jan (1975). Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 3 Southeast Asia, Religions. BRILL Academic. pp. 3–20, 35–36, 49–51. ISBN 90-04-04330-6. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Samuel 2008, p. 2–10. Samuel, Geoffrey (2008), The Origins of Yoga and Tantra, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-69534-3
Laura Giuliano (2004). "Silk Road Art and Archaeology". Journal of the Institute of Silk Road Studies. 10. Kamakura, Shiruku Rōdo Kenkyūjo: 61. Archived from the original on 29 February 2020. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
George Cardona (1997). Pāṇini: A Survey of Research. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 277–278, 58 with note on Guleri. ISBN 978-81-208-1494-3.
Michael W. Meister (1984). Discourses on Siva: Proceedings of a Symposium on the Nature of Religious Imagery. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 274–276. ISBN 978-0-8122-7909-2. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Bakker, Hans T. (12 March 2020). The Alkhan: A Hunnic People in South Asia. Barkhuis. pp. 98–99 and 93. ISBN 978-94-93194-00-7.
Daniélou 1987, p. 128. Daniélou, Alain (1987). While the Gods Play: Shaiva Oracles and Predictions on the Cycles of History and the Destiny of Mankind. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions. ISBN 978-1-59477-736-3. OCLC 15696932.
Lorenzen 1972, p. xii, 4–5. Lorenzen, David N. (1972). The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-01842-6. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Ann R. Kinney, Marijke J. Klokke & Lydia Kieven 2003, p. 17. Ann R. Kinney; Marijke J. Klokke; Lydia Kieven (2003). Worshiping Siva and Buddha: The Temple Art of East Java. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2779-3.
Pratapaditya Pal; Stephen P. Huyler; John E. Cort; et al. (2016). Puja and Piety: Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist Art from the Indian Subcontinent. University of California Press. pp. 61–62. ISBN 978-0-520-28847-8. Archived from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Heather Elgood (2000). Hinduism and the Religious Arts. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 47–48. ISBN 978-0-304-70739-3. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Heather Elgood (2000). Hinduism and the Religious Arts. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 143–167. ISBN 978-0-304-70739-3. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Kulke, Kesavapany & Sakhuja 2010. Kulke, Hermann; Kesavapany, K.; Sakhuja, Vijay (2010). Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-9-8123-0937-2. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
S. J. Vainker (1990). Caves of the Thousand Buddhas: Chinese Art from the Silk Route. British Museum Publications for the Trustees of the British Museum. p. 162. ISBN 978-0-7141-1447-7.
Edward L. Shaughnessy (2009). Exploring the Life, Myth, and Art of Ancient China. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-4358-5617-2.
Ann R. Kinney, Marijke J. Klokke & Lydia Kieven 2003, p. 21-25. Ann R. Kinney; Marijke J. Klokke; Lydia Kieven (2003). Worshiping Siva and Buddha: The Temple Art of East Java. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2779-3.
Andrea Acri (2015). D Christian Lammerts (ed.). Buddhist Dynamics in Premodern and Early Modern Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 261–275. ISBN 978-981-4519-06-9. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
Muller-Ortega 2010, pp. 36. Muller-Ortega, Paul E. (2010). Triadic Heart of Siva, The: Kaula Tantricism of Abhinavagupta in the Non-dual Shaivism of Kashmir. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-1385-3.
Jones & Ryan 2006, p. 308. Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8160-7564-5. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
Cynthia Packert Atherton (1997). The Sculpture of Early Medieval Rajasthan. BRILL. pp. 92–97, 102–103. ISBN 90-04-10789-4. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
Vasugupta 1992, pp. 140–141. Vasugupta (1992). The Aphorisms of Siva: The Siva Sutra with Bhaskara's Commentary, the Varttika. Translated by Mark Dyczkowski. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-1264-0.
Daniélou 1987, pp. 120–123. Daniélou, Alain (1987). While the Gods Play: Shaiva Oracles and Predictions on the Cycles of History and the Destiny of Mankind. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions. ISBN 978-1-59477-736-3. OCLC 15696932.
Daniélou 1987, pp. 124–129. Daniélou, Alain (1987). While the Gods Play: Shaiva Oracles and Predictions on the Cycles of History and the Destiny of Mankind. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions. ISBN 978-1-59477-736-3. OCLC 15696932.
Muller-Ortega 2010, pp. 31–38. Muller-Ortega, Paul E. (2010). Triadic Heart of Siva, The: Kaula Tantricism of Abhinavagupta in the Non-dual Shaivism of Kashmir. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-1385-3.
Roshen Dalal (2010). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin Books. p. 206. ISBN 978-0-14-341517-6. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 789–790. ISBN 978-81-208-1467-7. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
Guy L. Beck (1995). Sonic Theology: Hinduism and Sacred Sound. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 173–175. ISBN 978-81-208-1261-1. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
Gavin Flood (2006). The Tantric Body: The Secret Tradition of Hindu Religion. I.B.Tauris. pp. 58–61. ISBN 978-1-84511-011-6. Archived from the original on 14 August 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
John Myrdhin Reynolds (1996). The Golden Letters: The Three Statements of Garab Dorje, First Dzogchen Master. Shambhala. pp. 243–244. ISBN 978-1-55939-868-8. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
Braj B. Kachru (1981). Kashmiri Literature. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-3-447-02129-6. Archived from the original on 25 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
Elaine Fisher (2017). Hindu Pluralism: Religion and the Public Sphere in Early Modern South India. University of California Press. pp. 11–12, 209–211 note 28. ISBN 978-0-52029-301-4.
Elaine Fisher (2017). Hindu Pluralism: Religion and the Public Sphere in Early Modern South India. University of California Press. pp. 9–12, 220. ISBN 978-0-52029-301-4.
Dhavamony 1971, pp. 14–22, 257–258. Dhavamony, Mariasusai (1971). Love of God according to Śaiva Siddhānta: a study in the mysticism and theology of Śaivism. Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-826523-8.
Hilko Wiardo Schomerus 2000, pp. 1–7, 29–37, 44–49. Hilko Wiardo Schomerus (2000). Śaiva Siddhānta: An Indian School of Mystical Thought : Presented as a System and Documented from the Original Tamil Sources. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-1569-8.
Jones & Ryan 2006, pp. 375–376. Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8160-7564-5. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
Rohan A. Dunuwila (1985). Śaiva Siddhānta Theology: A Context for Hindu-Christian Dialogue. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 29–30, 66–73. ISBN 978-0-89581-675-7. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
Julia Leslie (1992). Roles and Rituals for Hindu Women. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 196–197. ISBN 978-81-208-1036-5. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
Lorenzen 2023, p. 13–24. Lorenzen, David N. (2023) [1972]. "Chapter II: Kāpālika Sources". The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects. Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies (Reprint ed.). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. doi:10.1525/9780520324947-004. ISBN 9780520324947. OCLC 1224279234.
Lorenzen 2020. Lorenzen, David N. (2020) [1972]. "Chapter I: Four Śaivite Sects". The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects. Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies (1st ed.). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. pp. XI–XIII, 1–16. doi:10.1525/9780520324947-003. ISBN 9780520324947. OCLC 1224279234.
Barrett, Ronald L. (2008). "Introduction". Aghor Medicine: Pollution, Death, and Healing in Northern India (1st ed.). Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press. pp. 1–28. ISBN 9780520941014. LCCN 2007007627.
Urban 2007, p. 106–133. Urban, Hugh B. (2007) [2003]. "India's Darkest Heart: Tantra in the Literary Imagination". Tantra: Sex, Secrecy, Politics, and Power in the Study of Religion (1st ed.). Berkeley and Delhi: University of California Press/Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 106–133. doi:10.1525/california/9780520230620.003.0004. ISBN 9780520236561. JSTOR 10.1525/j.ctt1pp4mm.9.
Eliade, Mircea (1969) [1958]. "Chapter VIII: Yoga and Aboriginal India — Aghorīs, Kāpālikas". Yoga: Immortality and Freedom. Mythos: The Princeton/Bollingen Series in World Mythology. Vol. LVI. Bucharest, Chicago, and Princeton: Princeton University Press/University of Bucharest/University of Chicago Press. pp. 296–298. ISBN 9780691142036.
James G. Lochtefeld (2001). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Volume 1. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 349. ISBN 978-0-8239-3179-8.
Gavin Flood (2008). The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 212–213. ISBN 978-0-470-99868-7.
Barrett, Ronald L. (2008). "Introduction". Aghor Medicine: Pollution, Death, and Healing in Northern India. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp. 1–28. ISBN 9780520941014.
Singh 1989, p. ix–xiv. Singh, Jaideva (1989). A Trident of Wisdom: Translation of Paratrisika-vivarana. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0180-4. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Brunn 2015, p. 402–408. Brunn, Stanley D. (2015). The Changing World Religion Map: Sacred Places, Identities, Practices and Politics. Springer. pp. 402–408. ISBN 978-94-017-9376-6. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Singh 1982, p. 3–5, 14–33. Singh, Jaideva (1982). Pratyabhijnahrdayam: The Secret of Self-recognition. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0323-7. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Muller-Ortega 2010, pp. 15–16, 43–45, 118. Muller-Ortega, Paul E. (2010). Triadic Heart of Siva, The: Kaula Tantricism of Abhinavagupta in the Non-dual Shaivism of Kashmir. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-1385-3.
Muller-Ortega 2010, pp. 7–8, 17–32. Muller-Ortega, Paul E. (2010). Triadic Heart of Siva, The: Kaula Tantricism of Abhinavagupta in the Non-dual Shaivism of Kashmir. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-1385-3.
Jones & Ryan 2006, pp. 169–170, 308. Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8160-7564-5. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
Mark Singleton (2010). Yoga Body: The Origins of Modern Posture Practice. Oxford University Press. pp. 27–39. ISBN 978-0-19-974598-2. Archived from the original on 4 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Muller-Ortega 2010, pp. 36–38. Muller-Ortega, Paul E. (2010). Triadic Heart of Siva, The: Kaula Tantricism of Abhinavagupta in the Non-dual Shaivism of Kashmir. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-1385-3.
Romila Thapar (2008). Somanatha. Penguin Books. pp. 165–166. ISBN 978-0-14-306468-8. Archived from the original on 17 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
Aziz Ahmad; Karigoudar Ishwaran (1973). Contributions to Asian Studies. Brill Academic. p. 5. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Aya Ikegame (2013). Princely India Re-imagined: A Historical Anthropology of Mysore from 1799 to the present. Routledge. p. 83. ISBN 978-1-136-23909-0. Archived from the original on 14 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Lingayat Religion – Tradition and Modernity in Bhakti Movements, Jayant Lele. Brill Archive. 1981. ISBN 9004063706. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
David Levinson; Karen Christensen (2002). Encyclopedia of Modern Asia. Gale. p. 475. ISBN 978-0-684-80617-4. Archived from the original on 14 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.; Quote: "The Lingayats are a Hindu sect concentrated in the state of Karnataka (a southern provincial state of India), which covers 191,773 square kilometers. The Lingayats constitute around 20 percent of the total population in that state."
A. K. Ramanujan 1973. A. K. Ramanujan (1973). Speaking of Śiva. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-044270-0.
R. Blake Michael 1992, pp. 168–175. R. Blake Michael (1992). The Origins of Vīraśaiva Sects: A Typological Analysis of Ritual and Associational Patterns in the Śūnyasaṃpādane. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0776-1.
Edward P. Rice (1982). A History of Kannada Literature. Asian Educational Services. pp. 64–72. ISBN 978-81-206-0063-8. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Bill Aitken (1999). Divining the Deccan. Oxford University Press. pp. 109–110, 213–215. ISBN 978-0-19-564711-2. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Velcheru Narayana Rao & Gene H. Roghair 2014, p. 7 Velcheru Narayana Rao; Gene H. Roghair (2014). Siva's Warriors: The Basava Purana of Palkuriki Somanatha. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-4008-6090-6.
Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare (2002). The Pratyabhijñā Philosophy. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 1–4, 16–18. ISBN 978-81-208-1892-7. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
Mark S. G. Dyczkowski (1987). The Doctrine of Vibration: An Analysis of the Doctrines and Practices Associated with Kashmir Shaivism. State University of New York Press. pp. 17–25. ISBN 978-0-88706-431-9. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. pp. 247–268 with footnotes. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 2 August 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 791–794. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 773–777. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 779–782. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. pp. 789–790. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
AM Sastri (2001). Dakshinamurti stotra of Sri Sankaracharya and Dakshinamurti Upanishad with Sri Sureswaracharya's Manasollasa and Pranava Vartika. Samata (Original: 1920). pp. 153–158. ISBN 978-8185208091. OCLC 604013222. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Grimes, John A. (1996). A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-3068-2. pages 16–17 Archived 7 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine
K. R. Subramanian (1 January 1989). Buddhist Remains in Āndhra and the History of Āndhra Between 225 & 610 A.D. Asian Educational Services. pp. 140–. ISBN 978-81-206-0444-5. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
General, India Office of the Registrar (1974). Census of India, 1971: Series 14: Mysore. Manager of Publications.
Mariasusai Dhavamony (1999). Hindu Spirituality. Gregorian Press. pp. 32–34. ISBN 978-88-7652-818-7. Archived from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Jan Gonda (1970). Visnuism and Sivaism: A Comparison. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-4742-8080-8. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Christopher Partridge (2013). Introduction to World Religions. Fortress Press. p. 182. ISBN 978-0-8006-9970-3. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Sanjukta Gupta (1 February 2013). Advaita Vedanta and Vaisnavism: The Philosophy of Madhusudana Sarasvati. Routledge. pp. 65–71. ISBN 978-1-134-15774-7. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Lai Ah Eng (2008). Religious Diversity in Singapore. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore. p. 221. ISBN 978-981-230-754-5. Archived from the original on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Mariasusai Dhavamony (2002). Hindu-Christian Dialogue: Theological Soundings and Perspectives. Rodopi. p. 63. ISBN 90-420-1510-1. Archived from the original on 7 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Prem Prakash (1998). The Yoga of Spiritual Devotion: A Modern Translation of the Narada Bhakti Sutras. Inner Traditions. pp. 56–57. ISBN 978-0-89281-664-4. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Lisa Kemmerer; Anthony J. Nocella (2011). Call to Compassion: Reflections on Animal Advocacy from the World's Religions. Lantern. pp. 27–36. ISBN 978-1-59056-281-9. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Frederick J. Simoons (1998). Plants of Life, Plants of Death. University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 182–183. ISBN 978-0-299-15904-7. Archived from the original on 7 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
K. Sivaraman (1973). Śaivism in Philosophical Perspective. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 336–340. ISBN 978-81-208-1771-5. Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
McDaniel, June (2004). Offering Flowers, Feeding Skulls. Oxford University Press. pp. 89–91. ISBN 978-0-19-534713-5. Archived from the original on 4 January 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Matthew James Clark (2006). The Daśanāmī-saṃnyāsīs: The Integration of Ascetic Lineages in to an Order. Brill. pp. 177–225. ISBN 978-90-04-15211-3. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Hurley, Leigh; Hurley, Phillip (2012). Tantra, Yoga of Ecstasy: the Sadhaka's Guide to Kundalinin and the Left-Hand Path. Maithuna Publications. p. 5. ISBN 9780983784722.
Kim Skoog (1996). Andrew O. Fort; Patricia Y. Mumme (eds.). Living Liberation in Hindu Thought. SUNY Press. pp. 63–84, 236–239. ISBN 978-0-7914-2706-4. Archived from the original on 25 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Rajendra Prasad (2008). A Conceptual-analytic Study of Classical Indian Philosophy of Morals. Concept. p. 375. ISBN 978-81-8069-544-5. Archived from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Gavin Flood (2008). The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism. John Wiley & Sons. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-470-99868-7. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017., Quote: "it is often impossible to meaningfully distinguish between Saiva and Sakta traditions".
Gudrun Bühnemann (2003). Mandalas and Yantras in the Hindu Traditions. BRILL Academic. p. 60. ISBN 978-9004129023. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Diana L. Eck (1998). Darśan: Seeing the Divine Image in India. Columbia University Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-231-11265-9. Archived from the original on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Frederick Asher (1981). Joanna Gottfried Williams (ed.). Kalādarśana: American Studies in the Art of India. BRILL Academic. pp. 1–4. ISBN 90-04-06498-2. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Anupa Pande; Parul Pandya Dhar (2004). Cultural Interface of India with Asia: Religion, Art and Architecture. National Museum Institute. pp. 159 with note 13. ISBN 978-81-246-0262-1. Archived from the original on 27 March 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Lipner 2012, pp. 319–320. Lipner, Julius (2012). Hindus: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-24061-5.
Stella Kramrisch 1993, p. 57. Stella Kramrisch (1993). The Presence of Siva. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-01930-7.
Lipner 2012, pp. 312–313, 315–317, 374–375. Lipner, Julius (2012). Hindus: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-24061-5.
Lipner 2012, pp. 319–333. Lipner, Julius (2012). Hindus: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-24061-5.
Paul E Muller-Ortega (2008). Knut A. Jacobsen (ed.). Theory and Practice of Yoga : 'Essays in Honour of Gerald James Larson. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 181–192. ISBN 978-81-208-3232-9. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
Lise McKean (1996). Divine Enterprise: Gurus and the Hindu Nationalist Movement. University of Chicago Press. pp. 161–163. ISBN 978-0-226-56009-0. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Indira Viswanathan Peterson 2014, pp. 96–97. Indira Viswanathan Peterson (2014). Poems to Siva: The Hymns of the Tamil Saints. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-4008-6006-7.
Vasugupta 1992, pp. 7–8. Vasugupta (1992). The Aphorisms of Siva: The Siva Sutra with Bhaskara's Commentary, the Varttika. Translated by Mark Dyczkowski. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-1264-0.
Saroj Panthey (1987). Iconography of Śiva in Pahāṛī Paintings. Mittal Publications. pp. 59–60, 88. ISBN 978-81-7099-016-1. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
T. A. Gopinatha Rao (1997). Elements of Hindu Iconography. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 223–229, 237. ISBN 978-81-208-0877-5. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
T. A. Gopinatha Rao (1997). Elements of Hindu Iconography. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 236–238, 247–258. ISBN 978-81-208-0877-5. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Anna Libera Dallapiccola (2007). Indian Art in Detail. Harvard University Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-674-02691-9. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
David Smith (2003). The Dance of Siva: Religion, Art and Poetry in South India. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–2. ISBN 978-0-521-52865-8. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Frank Burch Brown (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Religion and the Arts. Oxford University Press. pp. 489–490. ISBN 978-0-19-517667-4. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Anita M. Leopold; Jeppe Sinding Jensen (2005). Syncretism in Religion: A Reader. Routledge. p. 303. ISBN 978-0-415-97361-8. Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
Nicholas Tarling (1999). The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press. pp. 328–329. ISBN 978-0-521-66369-4. Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
T. Richard Blurton (1993). Hindu Art. Harvard University Press. pp. 84–85, 191. ISBN 978-0-674-39189-5. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2017.
T. Richard Blurton (1993). Hindu Art. Harvard University Press. pp. 29–30, 84–85. ISBN 978-0-674-39189-5. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2017.
John Kieschnick; Meir Shahar (2013). India in the Chinese Imagination: Myth, Religion, and Thought. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 79–80. ISBN 978-0-8122-4560-8. Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Kumāra, Braja Bihārī (2007). India and Central Asia: Classical to Contemporary Periods. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-8069-457-8.
Christiaan Hooykaas (1974). Cosmogony and creation in Balinese tradition. Vol. Bibliotheca Indonesica, Volumes 9–10. Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. pp. 1–3. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
Edi Sedyawati; Hariani Santiko; Hasan Djafar; et al. (2013). Candi Indonesia: Seri Jawa: Indonesian-English. Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan. pp. 4–15. ISBN 978-602-17669-3-4. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Fredrik Barth (1993). Balinese Worlds. University of Chicago Press. pp. 31–36. ISBN 978-0-226-03834-6. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Roshen Dalal (2010). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin Books. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-14-341517-6. Archived from the original on 18 April 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Jack M. Clontz (2016). Khon Mask : Thailand Heritage. MOCA Bangkok. p. 222. ISBN 978-1-78301-872-7. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Ariel Glucklich 2008, p. 146, Quote: The earliest promotional works aimed at tourists from that era were called mahatmyas. Ariel Glucklich (2008). The Strides of Vishnu : Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-971825-2.
Geoffrey Waring Maw (1997). Pilgrims in Hindu Holy Land: Sacred Shrines of the Indian Himalayas. Sessions Book Trust. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-85072-190-1. Archived from the original on 16 February 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Sanjukta Dasgupta; Chinmoy Guha (2013). Tagore at Home in the World. SAGE Publications. p. 76. ISBN 978-81-321-1149-8. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Diana L. Eck (1998). Darśan: Seeing the Divine Image in India. Columbia University Press. pp. 65–67. ISBN 978-0-231-11265-9. Archived from the original on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
B Sarawati (1985). Traditions of Tirthas in India: The Anthropology of Hindu Pilgrimage. N.K. Bose Memorial Foundation. pp. 5–7, 12. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Venugopalam 2003, pp. 92–95 Venugopalam, R. (2003). Meditation: Any Time Any Where (First ed.). Delhi: B. Jain Publishers (P) Ltd. ISBN 81-8056-373-1.
B Sarawati (1985). Traditions of Tirthas in India: The Anthropology of Hindu Pilgrimage. N.K. Bose Memorial Foundation. pp. 36–41. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

Preston. Preston, Charles. "List of religious populations | Largest Religions, Smallest Religions, Lists, Data, & Overview | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
Balinese people Archived 17 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia Britannica (2014)
Shaiva Siddhanta Archived 18 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia Britannica (2014)
Natha Archived 4 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia Britannica (2007)
Lingayat: Hindu sect Archived 2 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia Britannica (2015)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Bisschop 2020, pp. 15–16. Bisschop, Peter C. (2020), "Early Śaivism - From Mantramārga Back to Atimārga: Atimārga as a Self-referential Term", in Goodall, Dominic; Hatley, Shaman; Isaacson, Harunaga; Raman, Srilata (eds.), Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions: Essays in Honour of Alexis G.J.S. Sanderson, Gonda Indological Studies, vol. 22, Leiden: Brill Publishers, pp. 14–32, doi:10.1163/9789004432802_003, hdl:1887/135642, ISBN 978-90-04-43266-6, S2CID 229212351.
A Kunst, Some notes on the interpretation of the Ṥvetāṥvatara Upaniṣad, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, Vol. 31, Issue 02, June 1968, pages 309–314; doi:10.1017/S0041977X00146531
"Early Strata of Śaivism in the Kathmandu Valley, Śivaliṅga Pedestal Inscriptions from 466–645 CE". Indo-Iranian Journal. 59 (4). Brill Academic Publishers: 309–362. 2016. doi:10.1163/15728536-05904001.
Briggs 1951, pp. 230–249. Briggs, Lawrence Palmer (1951). "The Syncretism of Religions in Southeast Asia, Especially in the Khmer Empire". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 71 (4): 230–249. doi:10.2307/596106. JSTOR 596106.
Srinivasan, Doris (1984). "Unhinging Śiva from the Indus civilization". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland. 116 (1). Cambridge University Press: 77–89. doi:10.1017/s0035869x00166134. S2CID 162904592.
Lorenzen 2023, p. 13–24. Lorenzen, David N. (2023) [1972]. "Chapter II: Kāpālika Sources". The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects. Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies (Reprint ed.). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. doi:10.1525/9780520324947-004. ISBN 9780520324947. OCLC 1224279234.
Törzsök, Judit (2020). "Why Are the Skull-Bearers (Kāpālikas) Called Soma?". In Goodall, Dominic; Hatley, Shaman; Isaacson, Harunaga; Raman, Srilata (eds.). Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions: Essays in Honour of Alexis G.J.S. Sanderson. Gonda Indological Studies. Vol. 22. Leiden and Boston: Brill Publishers. pp. 33–46. doi:10.1163/9789004432802_004. ISBN 978-90-04-43280-2. ISSN 1382-3442.
Lorenzen 2020. Lorenzen, David N. (2020) [1972]. "Chapter I: Four Śaivite Sects". The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects. Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies (1st ed.). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. pp. XI–XIII, 1–16. doi:10.1525/9780520324947-003. ISBN 9780520324947. OCLC 1224279234.
Urban 2007, p. 106–133. Urban, Hugh B. (2007) [2003]. "India's Darkest Heart: Tantra in the Literary Imagination". Tantra: Sex, Secrecy, Politics, and Power in the Study of Religion (1st ed.). Berkeley and Delhi: University of California Press/Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 106–133. doi:10.1525/california/9780520230620.003.0004. ISBN 9780520236561. JSTOR 10.1525/j.ctt1pp4mm.9.
Mallinson 2011, pp. 770, 774 Mallinson, James (2011), "Yoga: Haṭha Yoga", in Basu, Helene; Jacobsen, Knut A.; Malinar, Angelika; Narayanan, Vasudha (eds.), Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism, vol. 3, Leiden: Brill Publishers, pp. 770–781, doi:10.1163/2212-5019_BEH_COM_000354, ISBN 978-90-04-17641-6, ISSN 2212-5019 – via Academia.edu
Lorenzen, David N. (1978). "Warrior Ascetics in Indian History". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 98 (1): 61–75. doi:10.2307/600151. JSTOR 600151.
Sanderson, Alexis (2013). "The Impact of Inscriptions on the Interpretation of Early Śaiva Literature". Indo-Iranian Journal. 56 (3–4). Brill Academic Publishers: 211–244. doi:10.1163/15728536-13560308.
Frazier, J. (2013). "Bhakti in Hindu Cultures". The Journal of Hindu Studies. 6 (2). Oxford University Press: 101–113. doi:10.1093/jhs/hit028.
Lee, Junghee (1993). "The Origins and Development of the Pensive Bodhisattva Images of Asia". Artibus Asiae. 53 (3/4): 311–357. doi:10.2307/3250524. ISSN 0004-3648. JSTOR 3250524.
Gray 2016, p. 17. Gray, David B. (2016). "Tantra and the Tantric Traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.59. ISBN 9780199340378.

forumotion.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

such.forumotion.com

"Kashmir Shaivism: From Kashmir to Tamil Nadu". Such.Forumotion. 6 February 2013. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Bisschop 2020, pp. 15–16. Bisschop, Peter C. (2020), "Early Śaivism - From Mantramārga Back to Atimārga: Atimārga as a Self-referential Term", in Goodall, Dominic; Hatley, Shaman; Isaacson, Harunaga; Raman, Srilata (eds.), Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions: Essays in Honour of Alexis G.J.S. Sanderson, Gonda Indological Studies, vol. 22, Leiden: Brill Publishers, pp. 14–32, doi:10.1163/9789004432802_003, hdl:1887/135642, ISBN 978-90-04-43266-6, S2CID 229212351.

himalayanacademy.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

The Four Denominations of Hinduism Archived 28 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Basics of Hinduism, Kauai Hindu Monastery

ibiblio.org (Global: 1,093^rd place; English: 690^th place)

Monier Monier-Williams (1899), Sanskrit to English Dictionary with Etymology Archived 27 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Oxford University Press, pages 1074–1076

ibtimes.co.uk (Global: 2,363^rd place; English: 1,707^th place)

Staff Reporter (9 March 2014). "Westerners Flock to Join Indian Cannibal Sect". International Business Times.

inria.fr (Global: 6,372^nd place; English: 5,582^nd place)

sanskrit.inria.fr

Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary, क्षेत्र Archived 12 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine "sacred spot, place of pilgrimage".

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Briggs 1951, pp. 230–249. Briggs, Lawrence Palmer (1951). "The Syncretism of Religions in Southeast Asia, Especially in the Khmer Empire". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 71 (4): 230–249. doi:10.2307/596106. JSTOR 596106.
Sanderson 2004, pp. 349–352. Sanderson, Alexis (2004). "The Śaiva Religion among the Khmers Part I". Bulletin de l'École Française d'Extrême-Orient. 90/91: 349–462. JSTOR 43732654.
Urban 2007, p. 106–133. Urban, Hugh B. (2007) [2003]. "India's Darkest Heart: Tantra in the Literary Imagination". Tantra: Sex, Secrecy, Politics, and Power in the Study of Religion (1st ed.). Berkeley and Delhi: University of California Press/Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 106–133. doi:10.1525/california/9780520230620.003.0004. ISBN 9780520236561. JSTOR 10.1525/j.ctt1pp4mm.9.
Lorenzen, David N. (1978). "Warrior Ascetics in Indian History". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 98 (1): 61–75. doi:10.2307/600151. JSTOR 600151.
Hariani Santiko (1997), The Goddess Durgā in the East-Javanese Period Archived 22 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Asian Folklore Studies, Vol. 56, No. 2, pp. 209–226
Gomathi Narayanan (1986), SHIVA NATARAJA AS A SYMBOL OF PARADOX Archived 28 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Journal of South Asian Literature, Vol. 21, No. 2, page 215
Lee, Junghee (1993). "The Origins and Development of the Pensive Bodhisattva Images of Asia". Artibus Asiae. 53 (3/4): 311–357. doi:10.2307/3250524. ISSN 0004-3648. JSTOR 3250524.
Indira Peterson (1982), Singing of a place: pilgrimage as metaphor and motif in the Tēvāram songs of the Tamil Śaivite saints Archived 30 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 102, No. 1, pages 69–90

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

lccn.loc.gov

Barrett, Ronald L. (2008). "Introduction". Aghor Medicine: Pollution, Death, and Healing in Northern India (1st ed.). Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press. pp. 1–28. ISBN 9780520941014. LCCN 2007007627.

odisha.gov.in (Global: 9,981^st place; English: 6,252^nd place)

Rk Sahu (2011), Iconography of Surya in the Temple Art of Odisha Archived 10 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Orissa Review, Volume 11, page 31

oxfordbibliographies.com (Global: 6,580^th place; English: 5,166^th place)

Bisschop 2011. Bisschop, Peter C. (2011), Shaivism, Oxford University Press, archived from the original on 2 January 2018, retrieved 10 March 2017

pewforum.org (Global: 1,526^th place; English: 1,638^th place)

The global religious landscape: Hindus Archived 9 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Pew Research (2012)

philtar.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Shaivas". Overview Of World Religions. Philtar. Archived from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.

sanskritdocuments.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hattangadi, Sunder (2000). "बृहज्जाबालोपनिषत् (Brihat-Jabala Upanishad)" (PDF) (in Sanskrit). Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 July 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Hattangadi, Sunder (2000). "शरभोपनिषत् (Sharabha Upanishad)" (in Sanskrit). Archived from the original on 30 May 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Bisschop 2020, pp. 15–16. Bisschop, Peter C. (2020), "Early Śaivism - From Mantramārga Back to Atimārga: Atimārga as a Self-referential Term", in Goodall, Dominic; Hatley, Shaman; Isaacson, Harunaga; Raman, Srilata (eds.), Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions: Essays in Honour of Alexis G.J.S. Sanderson, Gonda Indological Studies, vol. 22, Leiden: Brill Publishers, pp. 14–32, doi:10.1163/9789004432802_003, hdl:1887/135642, ISBN 978-90-04-43266-6, S2CID 229212351.
Srinivasan, Doris (1984). "Unhinging Śiva from the Indus civilization". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland. 116 (1). Cambridge University Press: 77–89. doi:10.1017/s0035869x00166134. S2CID 162904592.

shaivam.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Invocation (Pāyiram) of Periya Puranam". Shaivam.org. Retrieved 8 September 2026.
"Shaivism in Tamils". Shaivam.org. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.

sino-platonic.org (Global: low place; English: 9,638^th place)

Loeschner, Hans (2012) The Stūpa of the Kushan Emperor Kanishka the Great Archived 20 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Sino-Platonic Papers, No. 227 (July 2012); page 11

soas.ac.uk (Global: 4,148^th place; English: 2,409^th place)

eprints.soas.ac.uk

Nath Sampradaya Archived 17 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine, James Mallinson (2011), Brill Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 3, Brill Academic, pp. 407–428.

today.com (Global: 773^rd place; English: 432^nd place)

"Indian doc focuses on Hindu cannibal sect". Today. The Associated Press. 27 October 2005. Retrieved 5 November 2019.

unesco.org (Global: 104^th place; English: 170^th place)

whc.unesco.org

Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram Archived 23 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, UNESCO World Heritage Sites; Quote: "It is known especially for its rathas (temples in the form of chariots), mandapas (cave sanctuaries), giant open-air reliefs such as the famous 'Descent of the Ganges', and the temple of Rivage, with thousands of sculptures to the glory of Shiva."

utm.edu (Global: 1,830^th place; English: 1,501^st place)

iep.utm.edu

Lawrence 2012. Lawrence, David Peter (2012). "Kashmiri Shaiva Philosophy". Archived from the original on 12 March 2017.

vsna.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Munavalli, Somashekar (2007). Lingayat Dharma (Veerashaiva Religion) (PDF). Veerashaiva Samaja of North America. p. 83. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2013. Retrieved 13 December 2017.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Sanderson (2012–2013, p. 58): "...liturgical systems differentiated most obviously by the identity of the central deity. Thus in an early classification, seen in the Ciñciṇīmata, we are given accounts of four systems of Kaula teaching, called the Āmnāyas (‘Traditions’), assigned to the four directions, east (Pūrvāmnāya), north (Uttarāmnāya), west (Paścimāmnāya), and south (Dakṣiṇāmnāya), each with a distinctive pantheon of worship." Sanderson, Alexis (2012–2013). "The Śaiva Literature" (PDF). Journal of Indological Studies (Kyoto), Nos. 24 & 25 (2012–2013), 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016.
Singh (1989, p. ix–xiv): "After the demise of the Trika as a lineage in Kashmir in the late 13th century, due in large measure to the invasion of Islam, a few rare manuscripts of this important and complex text..." Singh, Jaideva (1989). A Trident of Wisdom: Translation of Paratrisika-vivarana. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0180-4. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Bisschop 2011. Bisschop, Peter C. (2011), Shaivism, Oxford University Press, archived from the original on 2 January 2018, retrieved 10 March 2017
Johnson & Grim 2013, p. 400. Johnson, Todd M; Grim, Brian J (2013). The World's Religions in Figures: An Introduction to International Religious Demography. John Wiley & Sons. p. 400. ISBN 9781118323038. Archived from the original on 9 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Jones & Ryan 2006, p. 474. Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8160-7564-5. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
Gonda 1975, p. 3–20, 35–36, 49–51. Gonda, Jan (1975). Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 3 Southeast Asia, Religions. BRILL Academic. pp. 3–20, 35–36, 49–51. ISBN 90-04-04330-6. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Monier Monier-Williams (1899), Sanskrit to English Dictionary with Etymology Archived 27 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Oxford University Press, pages 1074–1076
Loeschner, Hans (2012) The Stūpa of the Kushan Emperor Kanishka the Great Archived 20 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Sino-Platonic Papers, No. 227 (July 2012); page 11
Laura Giuliano (2004). "Silk Road Art and Archaeology". Journal of the Institute of Silk Road Studies. 10. Kamakura, Shiruku Rōdo Kenkyūjo: 61. Archived from the original on 29 February 2020. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Michael W. Meister (1984). Discourses on Siva: Proceedings of a Symposium on the Nature of Religious Imagery. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 274–276. ISBN 978-0-8122-7909-2. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Lorenzen 1972, p. xii, 4–5. Lorenzen, David N. (1972). The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-01842-6. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram Archived 23 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine, UNESCO World Heritage Sites; Quote: "It is known especially for its rathas (temples in the form of chariots), mandapas (cave sanctuaries), giant open-air reliefs such as the famous 'Descent of the Ganges', and the temple of Rivage, with thousands of sculptures to the glory of Shiva."
Pratapaditya Pal; Stephen P. Huyler; John E. Cort; et al. (2016). Puja and Piety: Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist Art from the Indian Subcontinent. University of California Press. pp. 61–62. ISBN 978-0-520-28847-8. Archived from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Heather Elgood (2000). Hinduism and the Religious Arts. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 47–48. ISBN 978-0-304-70739-3. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Heather Elgood (2000). Hinduism and the Religious Arts. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 143–167. ISBN 978-0-304-70739-3. Archived from the original on 9 August 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Kulke, Kesavapany & Sakhuja 2010. Kulke, Hermann; Kesavapany, K.; Sakhuja, Vijay (2010). Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-9-8123-0937-2. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
Balinese people Archived 17 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia Britannica (2014)
Andrea Acri (2015). D Christian Lammerts (ed.). Buddhist Dynamics in Premodern and Early Modern Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 261–275. ISBN 978-981-4519-06-9. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
Jones & Ryan 2006, p. 308. Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8160-7564-5. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
Cynthia Packert Atherton (1997). The Sculpture of Early Medieval Rajasthan. BRILL. pp. 92–97, 102–103. ISBN 90-04-10789-4. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
James G. Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 505. ISBN 978-0-8239-3180-4. Archived from the original on 16 March 2020. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
Roshen Dalal (2010). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin Books. p. 206. ISBN 978-0-14-341517-6. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 789–790. ISBN 978-81-208-1467-7. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
Guy L. Beck (1995). Sonic Theology: Hinduism and Sacred Sound. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 173–175. ISBN 978-81-208-1261-1. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
Gavin Flood (2006). The Tantric Body: The Secret Tradition of Hindu Religion. I.B.Tauris. pp. 58–61. ISBN 978-1-84511-011-6. Archived from the original on 14 August 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
John Myrdhin Reynolds (1996). The Golden Letters: The Three Statements of Garab Dorje, First Dzogchen Master. Shambhala. pp. 243–244. ISBN 978-1-55939-868-8. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
Braj B. Kachru (1981). Kashmiri Literature. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-3-447-02129-6. Archived from the original on 25 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
Shaiva Siddhanta Archived 18 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia Britannica (2014)
Jones & Ryan 2006, pp. 375–376. Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8160-7564-5. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
Rohan A. Dunuwila (1985). Śaiva Siddhānta Theology: A Context for Hindu-Christian Dialogue. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 29–30, 66–73. ISBN 978-0-89581-675-7. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
Julia Leslie (1992). Roles and Rituals for Hindu Women. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 196–197. ISBN 978-81-208-1036-5. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
Sanderson 2012–2013, p. 4-5, 11, 57. Sanderson, Alexis (2012–2013). "The Śaiva Literature" (PDF). Journal of Indological Studies (Kyoto), Nos. 24 & 25 (2012–2013), 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016.
Sanderson 2012–2013, p. 57–65. Sanderson, Alexis (2012–2013). "The Śaiva Literature" (PDF). Journal of Indological Studies (Kyoto), Nos. 24 & 25 (2012–2013), 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016.
Singh 1989, p. ix–xiv. Singh, Jaideva (1989). A Trident of Wisdom: Translation of Paratrisika-vivarana. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0180-4. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Lawrence 2012. Lawrence, David Peter (2012). "Kashmiri Shaiva Philosophy". Archived from the original on 12 March 2017.
Brunn 2015, p. 402–408. Brunn, Stanley D. (2015). The Changing World Religion Map: Sacred Places, Identities, Practices and Politics. Springer. pp. 402–408. ISBN 978-94-017-9376-6. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Singh 1982, p. 3–5, 14–33. Singh, Jaideva (1982). Pratyabhijnahrdayam: The Secret of Self-recognition. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0323-7. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Jones & Ryan 2006, pp. 169–170, 308. Jones, Constance; Ryan, James D. (2006). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8160-7564-5. Archived from the original on 20 October 2022. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
Natha Archived 4 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia Britannica (2007)
Mark Singleton (2010). Yoga Body: The Origins of Modern Posture Practice. Oxford University Press. pp. 27–39. ISBN 978-0-19-974598-2. Archived from the original on 4 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Romila Thapar (2008). Somanatha. Penguin Books. pp. 165–166. ISBN 978-0-14-306468-8. Archived from the original on 17 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
"ShantiKuteer Ashram, Bhausaheb Maharaj". Archived from the original on 20 October 2018. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
Lingayat: Hindu sect Archived 2 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia Britannica (2015)
Aziz Ahmad; Karigoudar Ishwaran (1973). Contributions to Asian Studies. Brill Academic. p. 5. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Aya Ikegame (2013). Princely India Re-imagined: A Historical Anthropology of Mysore from 1799 to the present. Routledge. p. 83. ISBN 978-1-136-23909-0. Archived from the original on 14 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
David Levinson; Karen Christensen (2002). Encyclopedia of Modern Asia. Gale. p. 475. ISBN 978-0-684-80617-4. Archived from the original on 14 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.; Quote: "The Lingayats are a Hindu sect concentrated in the state of Karnataka (a southern provincial state of India), which covers 191,773 square kilometers. The Lingayats constitute around 20 percent of the total population in that state."
Edward P. Rice (1982). A History of Kannada Literature. Asian Educational Services. pp. 64–72. ISBN 978-81-206-0063-8. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Bill Aitken (1999). Divining the Deccan. Oxford University Press. pp. 109–110, 213–215. ISBN 978-0-19-564711-2. Archived from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare (2002). The Pratyabhijñā Philosophy. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 1–4, 16–18. ISBN 978-81-208-1892-7. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
Mark S. G. Dyczkowski (1987). The Doctrine of Vibration: An Analysis of the Doctrines and Practices Associated with Kashmir Shaivism. State University of New York Press. pp. 17–25. ISBN 978-0-88706-431-9. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. pp. 247–268 with footnotes. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 2 August 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 791–794. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 773–777. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 779–782. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Hattangadi, Sunder (2000). "बृहज्जाबालोपनिषत् (Brihat-Jabala Upanishad)" (PDF) (in Sanskrit). Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 July 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Deussen, Paul (1997). Sixty Upanishads of the Veda. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. pp. 789–790. ISBN 978-8120814677. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
AM Sastri (2001). Dakshinamurti stotra of Sri Sankaracharya and Dakshinamurti Upanishad with Sri Sureswaracharya's Manasollasa and Pranava Vartika. Samata (Original: 1920). pp. 153–158. ISBN 978-8185208091. OCLC 604013222. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Hattangadi, Sunder (2000). "शरभोपनिषत् (Sharabha Upanishad)" (in Sanskrit). Archived from the original on 30 May 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Grimes, John A. (1996). A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy: Sanskrit Terms Defined in English. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-3068-2. pages 16–17 Archived 7 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine
K. R. Subramanian (1 January 1989). Buddhist Remains in Āndhra and the History of Āndhra Between 225 & 610 A.D. Asian Educational Services. pp. 140–. ISBN 978-81-206-0444-5. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
Hariani Santiko (1997), The Goddess Durgā in the East-Javanese Period Archived 22 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Asian Folklore Studies, Vol. 56, No. 2, pp. 209–226
Mariasusai Dhavamony (1999). Hindu Spirituality. Gregorian Press. pp. 32–34. ISBN 978-88-7652-818-7. Archived from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Jan Gonda (1970). Visnuism and Sivaism: A Comparison. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-4742-8080-8. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Christopher Partridge (2013). Introduction to World Religions. Fortress Press. p. 182. ISBN 978-0-8006-9970-3. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Sanjukta Gupta (1 February 2013). Advaita Vedanta and Vaisnavism: The Philosophy of Madhusudana Sarasvati. Routledge. pp. 65–71. ISBN 978-1-134-15774-7. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Lai Ah Eng (2008). Religious Diversity in Singapore. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore. p. 221. ISBN 978-981-230-754-5. Archived from the original on 3 May 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Mariasusai Dhavamony (2002). Hindu-Christian Dialogue: Theological Soundings and Perspectives. Rodopi. p. 63. ISBN 90-420-1510-1. Archived from the original on 7 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
"Shaivas". Overview Of World Religions. Philtar. Archived from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
Munavalli, Somashekar (2007). Lingayat Dharma (Veerashaiva Religion) (PDF). Veerashaiva Samaja of North America. p. 83. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2013. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
Prem Prakash (1998). The Yoga of Spiritual Devotion: A Modern Translation of the Narada Bhakti Sutras. Inner Traditions. pp. 56–57. ISBN 978-0-89281-664-4. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Lisa Kemmerer; Anthony J. Nocella (2011). Call to Compassion: Reflections on Animal Advocacy from the World's Religions. Lantern. pp. 27–36. ISBN 978-1-59056-281-9. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Frederick J. Simoons (1998). Plants of Life, Plants of Death. University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 182–183. ISBN 978-0-299-15904-7. Archived from the original on 7 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
K. Sivaraman (1973). Śaivism in Philosophical Perspective. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 336–340. ISBN 978-81-208-1771-5. Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
McDaniel, June (2004). Offering Flowers, Feeding Skulls. Oxford University Press. pp. 89–91. ISBN 978-0-19-534713-5. Archived from the original on 4 January 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Matthew James Clark (2006). The Daśanāmī-saṃnyāsīs: The Integration of Ascetic Lineages in to an Order. Brill. pp. 177–225. ISBN 978-90-04-15211-3. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Kim Skoog (1996). Andrew O. Fort; Patricia Y. Mumme (eds.). Living Liberation in Hindu Thought. SUNY Press. pp. 63–84, 236–239. ISBN 978-0-7914-2706-4. Archived from the original on 25 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Rajendra Prasad (2008). A Conceptual-analytic Study of Classical Indian Philosophy of Morals. Concept. p. 375. ISBN 978-81-8069-544-5. Archived from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Gavin Flood (2008). The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism. John Wiley & Sons. p. 200. ISBN 978-0-470-99868-7. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2017., Quote: "it is often impossible to meaningfully distinguish between Saiva and Sakta traditions".
Gudrun Bühnemann (2003). Mandalas and Yantras in the Hindu Traditions. BRILL Academic. p. 60. ISBN 978-9004129023. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Diana L. Eck (1998). Darśan: Seeing the Divine Image in India. Columbia University Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-231-11265-9. Archived from the original on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
The Four Denominations of Hinduism Archived 28 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Basics of Hinduism, Kauai Hindu Monastery
Frederick Asher (1981). Joanna Gottfried Williams (ed.). Kalādarśana: American Studies in the Art of India. BRILL Academic. pp. 1–4. ISBN 90-04-06498-2. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Anupa Pande; Parul Pandya Dhar (2004). Cultural Interface of India with Asia: Religion, Art and Architecture. National Museum Institute. pp. 159 with note 13. ISBN 978-81-246-0262-1. Archived from the original on 27 March 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Alexis Sanderson (1999), YOGA IN ŚAIVISM Archived 19 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Oxford University, pages 1-7
Paul E Muller-Ortega (2008). Knut A. Jacobsen (ed.). Theory and Practice of Yoga : 'Essays in Honour of Gerald James Larson. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 181–192. ISBN 978-81-208-3232-9. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
Lise McKean (1996). Divine Enterprise: Gurus and the Hindu Nationalist Movement. University of Chicago Press. pp. 161–163. ISBN 978-0-226-56009-0. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Nath Sampradaya Archived 17 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine, James Mallinson (2011), Brill Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 3, Brill Academic, pp. 407–428.
Saroj Panthey (1987). Iconography of Śiva in Pahāṛī Paintings. Mittal Publications. pp. 59–60, 88. ISBN 978-81-7099-016-1. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
T. A. Gopinatha Rao (1997). Elements of Hindu Iconography. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 223–229, 237. ISBN 978-81-208-0877-5. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Shiva as Lord of the Dance (Nataraja), Chola period, c. 10th/11th century Archived 15 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Art Institute of Chicago, United States
T. A. Gopinatha Rao (1997). Elements of Hindu Iconography. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 236–238, 247–258. ISBN 978-81-208-0877-5. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Gomathi Narayanan (1986), SHIVA NATARAJA AS A SYMBOL OF PARADOX Archived 28 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Journal of South Asian Literature, Vol. 21, No. 2, page 215
Anna Libera Dallapiccola (2007). Indian Art in Detail. Harvard University Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-674-02691-9. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
David Smith (2003). The Dance of Siva: Religion, Art and Poetry in South India. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–2. ISBN 978-0-521-52865-8. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Frank Burch Brown (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Religion and the Arts. Oxford University Press. pp. 489–490. ISBN 978-0-19-517667-4. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
Anita M. Leopold; Jeppe Sinding Jensen (2005). Syncretism in Religion: A Reader. Routledge. p. 303. ISBN 978-0-415-97361-8. Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
Nicholas Tarling (1999). The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press. pp. 328–329. ISBN 978-0-521-66369-4. Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
T. Richard Blurton (1993). Hindu Art. Harvard University Press. pp. 84–85, 191. ISBN 978-0-674-39189-5. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2017.
T. Richard Blurton (1993). Hindu Art. Harvard University Press. pp. 29–30, 84–85. ISBN 978-0-674-39189-5. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2017.
John Kieschnick; Meir Shahar (2013). India in the Chinese Imagination: Myth, Religion, and Thought. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 79–80. ISBN 978-0-8122-4560-8. Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Rk Sahu (2011), Iconography of Surya in the Temple Art of Odisha Archived 10 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Orissa Review, Volume 11, page 31
Christiaan Hooykaas (1974). Cosmogony and creation in Balinese tradition. Vol. Bibliotheca Indonesica, Volumes 9–10. Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. pp. 1–3. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
Edi Sedyawati; Hariani Santiko; Hasan Djafar; et al. (2013). Candi Indonesia: Seri Jawa: Indonesian-English. Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan. pp. 4–15. ISBN 978-602-17669-3-4. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Fredrik Barth (1993). Balinese Worlds. University of Chicago Press. pp. 31–36. ISBN 978-0-226-03834-6. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Roshen Dalal (2010). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin Books. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-14-341517-6. Archived from the original on 18 April 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Jack M. Clontz (2016). Khon Mask : Thailand Heritage. MOCA Bangkok. p. 222. ISBN 978-1-78301-872-7. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary, क्षेत्र Archived 12 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine "sacred spot, place of pilgrimage".
Geoffrey Waring Maw (1997). Pilgrims in Hindu Holy Land: Sacred Shrines of the Indian Himalayas. Sessions Book Trust. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-85072-190-1. Archived from the original on 16 February 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Sanjukta Dasgupta; Chinmoy Guha (2013). Tagore at Home in the World. SAGE Publications. p. 76. ISBN 978-81-321-1149-8. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Diana L. Eck (1998). Darśan: Seeing the Divine Image in India. Columbia University Press. pp. 65–67. ISBN 978-0-231-11265-9. Archived from the original on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
B Sarawati (1985). Traditions of Tirthas in India: The Anthropology of Hindu Pilgrimage. N.K. Bose Memorial Foundation. pp. 5–7, 12. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
B Sarawati (1985). Traditions of Tirthas in India: The Anthropology of Hindu Pilgrimage. N.K. Bose Memorial Foundation. pp. 36–41. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
Indira Peterson (1982), Singing of a place: pilgrimage as metaphor and motif in the Tēvāram songs of the Tamil Śaivite saints Archived 30 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 102, No. 1, pages 69–90
The global religious landscape: Hindus Archived 9 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Pew Research (2012)
"Kashmir Shaivism: From Kashmir to Tamil Nadu". Such.Forumotion. 6 February 2013. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
"Shaivism in Tamils". Shaivam.org. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Daniélou 1987, p. 128. Daniélou, Alain (1987). While the Gods Play: Shaiva Oracles and Predictions on the Cycles of History and the Destiny of Mankind. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions. ISBN 978-1-59477-736-3. OCLC 15696932.
Daniélou 1987, pp. 120–123. Daniélou, Alain (1987). While the Gods Play: Shaiva Oracles and Predictions on the Cycles of History and the Destiny of Mankind. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions. ISBN 978-1-59477-736-3. OCLC 15696932.
Daniélou 1987, pp. 124–129. Daniélou, Alain (1987). While the Gods Play: Shaiva Oracles and Predictions on the Cycles of History and the Destiny of Mankind. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions. ISBN 978-1-59477-736-3. OCLC 15696932.
Lorenzen 2023, p. 13–24. Lorenzen, David N. (2023) [1972]. "Chapter II: Kāpālika Sources". The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects. Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies (Reprint ed.). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. doi:10.1525/9780520324947-004. ISBN 9780520324947. OCLC 1224279234.
Törzsök, Judit (2020). "Why Are the Skull-Bearers (Kāpālikas) Called Soma?". In Goodall, Dominic; Hatley, Shaman; Isaacson, Harunaga; Raman, Srilata (eds.). Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions: Essays in Honour of Alexis G.J.S. Sanderson. Gonda Indological Studies. Vol. 22. Leiden and Boston: Brill Publishers. pp. 33–46. doi:10.1163/9789004432802_004. ISBN 978-90-04-43280-2. ISSN 1382-3442.
Lorenzen 2020. Lorenzen, David N. (2020) [1972]. "Chapter I: Four Śaivite Sects". The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects. Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies (1st ed.). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. pp. XI–XIII, 1–16. doi:10.1525/9780520324947-003. ISBN 9780520324947. OCLC 1224279234.
Mallinson 2011, pp. 770, 774 Mallinson, James (2011), "Yoga: Haṭha Yoga", in Basu, Helene; Jacobsen, Knut A.; Malinar, Angelika; Narayanan, Vasudha (eds.), Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism, vol. 3, Leiden: Brill Publishers, pp. 770–781, doi:10.1163/2212-5019_BEH_COM_000354, ISBN 978-90-04-17641-6, ISSN 2212-5019 – via Academia.edu
AM Sastri (2001). Dakshinamurti stotra of Sri Sankaracharya and Dakshinamurti Upanishad with Sri Sureswaracharya's Manasollasa and Pranava Vartika. Samata (Original: 1920). pp. 153–158. ISBN 978-8185208091. OCLC 604013222. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2017.
Sastri, AM. The Śaiva-Upanishads with the commentary of Sri Upanishad-Brahma-Yogin. The Adyar Library, Madras. ISBN 81-85141029. OCLC 863321204.
Lee, Junghee (1993). "The Origins and Development of the Pensive Bodhisattva Images of Asia". Artibus Asiae. 53 (3/4): 311–357. doi:10.2307/3250524. ISSN 0004-3648. JSTOR 3250524.

worldcat.org

J.L. Moens, Het Buddhisme Java en Sumatra in Zijn laatste boeiperiods, T.B.G., pp. 522–539, 550; OCLC 10404094, Quote: “He Janardana is the excellent Dewa in the form of Buddha, the Kula Bhairava."

Shaivism (English Wikipedia)

academia.edu (Global: 105th place; English: 99th place)

alexissanderson.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

artic.edu (Global: 5,251st place; English: 3,693rd place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 37th place; English: 64th place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

forumotion.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

such.forumotion.com

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66th place; English: 34th place)

himalayanacademy.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

ibiblio.org (Global: 1,093rd place; English: 690th place)

ibtimes.co.uk (Global: 2,363rd place; English: 1,707th place)

inria.fr (Global: 6,372nd place; English: 5,582nd place)

sanskrit.inria.fr

jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)

loc.gov (Global: 63rd place; English: 47th place)

lccn.loc.gov

odisha.gov.in (Global: 9,981st place; English: 6,252nd place)

oxfordbibliographies.com (Global: 6,580th place; English: 5,166th place)

pewforum.org (Global: 1,526th place; English: 1,638th place)

philtar.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

sanskritdocuments.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

shaivam.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

sino-platonic.org (Global: low place; English: 9,638th place)

soas.ac.uk (Global: 4,148th place; English: 2,409th place)

eprints.soas.ac.uk

today.com (Global: 773rd place; English: 432nd place)

unesco.org (Global: 104th place; English: 170th place)

whc.unesco.org

utm.edu (Global: 1,830th place; English: 1,501st place)

iep.utm.edu

vsna.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

worldcat.org

academia.edu (Global: 105^th place; English: 99^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

artic.edu (Global: 5,251^st place; English: 3,693^rd place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

ibiblio.org (Global: 1,093^rd place; English: 690^th place)

ibtimes.co.uk (Global: 2,363^rd place; English: 1,707^th place)

inria.fr (Global: 6,372^nd place; English: 5,582^nd place)

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

odisha.gov.in (Global: 9,981^st place; English: 6,252^nd place)

oxfordbibliographies.com (Global: 6,580^th place; English: 5,166^th place)

pewforum.org (Global: 1,526^th place; English: 1,638^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

sino-platonic.org (Global: low place; English: 9,638^th place)

soas.ac.uk (Global: 4,148^th place; English: 2,409^th place)

today.com (Global: 773^rd place; English: 432^nd place)

unesco.org (Global: 104^th place; English: 170^th place)

utm.edu (Global: 1,830^th place; English: 1,501^st place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)