Shale gas (English Wikipedia)

"シェールガス採掘、地震誘発？米中部、M3以上6倍" [Magnitude 3 and greater earthquakes 6 fold in the midcontinent of the United States. Beginning in 200. extracted shale gas induce earthquakes ?]. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). Tokyo. 26 April 2012. p. Page 1. Retrieved 26 April 2012.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

bloomberg.com (Global: 118^th place; English: 85^th place)

Miller, Rich; Loder, Asjylyn; Polson, Jim (6 February 2012). "Americans Gaining Energy Independence". Bloomberg. Retrieved 1 March 2012.

bls.gov (Global: 3,091^st place; English: 2,103^rd place)

"Injuries, Illnesses, and Fatalities in the Coal Mining Industry". United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved 2 October 2013.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Gleick, Peter H. (16 January 2014). The World's Water Volume 8: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources. Island Press. ISBN 978-1-61091-483-3.

breakingenergy.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"How Much Does a Shale Gas Well Cost? 'It Depends'", Breaking Energy, 6 August 2013

catf.us (Global: low place; English: low place)

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chathamhouse.org (Global: 8,687^th place; English: 5,704^th place)

Stevens, Paul (August 2012). "The 'Shale Gas Revolution': Developments and Changes". Chatham House. Retrieved 15 August 2012.

cornell.edu (Global: 308^th place; English: 253^rd place)

eeb.cornell.edu

Howarth, Robert; Sontaro, Renee; Ingraffea, Anthony (12 November 2010). "Methane and the greenhouse-gas footprint of natural gas from shale formations" (PDF). Springerlink.com. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
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cce.cornell.edu

Timothy J. Skone, "Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Analysis of Natural Gas Extraction & Delivery in the United States." National Energy Technology Laboratory, 12 May 2011

cps.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Why Every Serious Environmentalist Should Favour Fracking Archived 12 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine, 2013 report by Richard A. Muller and Elizabeth A. Muller of Berkeley Earth

dailyyonder.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Brino, Anthony. "Shale gas fracking without water and chemicals". Dailyyonder.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2013.

delfi.lt (Global: 2,260^th place; English: 2,845^th place)

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"EIA studies won't be required for shale gas exploration". The Lithuania Tribune. 24 December 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

doe.gov (Global: 3,382^nd place; English: 2,488^th place)

fe.doe.gov

Jaramillo, Paulina; Griffin, W. Michael; Matthews, H. Scott (25 July 2007). "Comparative Life-Cycle Air Emissions of Coal, Domestic Natural Gas, LNG, and SNG for Electricity Generation" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology. 41 (17): 6290–6296. Bibcode:2007EnST...41.6290J. doi:10.1021/es063031o. PMID 17937317. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
Caudillo, Yvonne. "" Archived 12 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine pp1+19-22. United States Department of Energy. Retrieved: 25 August 2012.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Richardson, Ethan J.; Montenari, Michael (2020). "Assessing shale gas reservoir potential using multi-scaled SEM pore network characterizations and quantifications: The Ciñera-Matallana pull-apart basin, NW Spain". Stratigraphy & Timescales. 5: 677–755. doi:10.1016/bs.sats.2020.07.001. ISBN 978-0-12-820991-2. S2CID 229217907 – via Elsevier Science Direct.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)
Dang, Wei; Zhang, Jinchuan; Nie, Haikuan; Wang, Fengqin; Tang, Xuan; Wu, Nan; Chen, Qian; Wei, Xiaoliang; Wang, Ruijing (2020). "Isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetics of methane-shale adsorption pair under supercritical condition: implications for understanding the nature of shale gas adsorption process". Chemical Engineering Journal. 383 123191. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.123191. S2CID 208751235.
Shindell, D. T.; Faluvegi, G.; Koch, D. M.; Schmidt, G. A.; Unger, N.; Bauer, S. E. (30 October 2009). "Improved Attribution of Climate Forcing to Emissions". Science. 326 (5953): 716–718. Bibcode:2009Sci...326..716S. doi:10.1126/science.1174760. PMID 19900930. S2CID 30881469.
Howarth, RW; Santoro, R; Ingraffea, A (2011). "Methane and the greenhouse-gas footprint of natural gas from shale formations". Climatic Change. 106 (4): 679–690. Bibcode:2011ClCh..106..679H. doi:10.1007/s10584-011-0061-5.
Jiang, Mohan (2011). "Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of Marcellus shale gas". Environmental Research Letters. 6 (3) 034014. Bibcode:2011ERL.....6c4014J. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/3/034014.
Hultman, Nathan (2011). "The greenhouse impact of unconventional gas for electricity generation". Environmental Research Letters. 6 (4) 044008. Bibcode:2011ERL.....6d4008H. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/044008.
Cathles, Lawrence M. (2012). "A commentary on "The greenhouse-gas footprint of natural gas in shale formations" by R.W. Howarth, R. Santoro, and Anthony Ingraffea". Climatic Change. 113 (2): 525–535. Bibcode:2012ClCh..113..525C. doi:10.1007/s10584-011-0333-0.
Stamford, Laurence; Azapagic, Adisa (2014). "Life cycle environmental impacts of UK shale gas". Applied Energy. 134: 506–518. Bibcode:2014ApEn..134..506S. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.08.063.
Gao, Jiyao; You, Fengqi (2018). "Integrated Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of Shale Gas". ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 6 (2): 1803–1824. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03198.
Richard A. Kerr (13 May 2011). "Study: High-Tech Gas Drilling Is Fouling Drinking Water". Science Now. 332 (6031): 775. doi:10.1126/science.332.6031.775. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
Warner, Nathaniel R.; Christie, Cidney A.; Robert B., Jackson; Avner, Vengosh (2 October 2013). "Impacts of Shale Gas Wastewater Disposal on Water Quality in Western Pennsylvania". Environmental Science and Technology. 47 (20): 11849–57. Bibcode:2013EnST...4711849W. doi:10.1021/es402165b. hdl:10161/8303. PMID 24087919. S2CID 17676293.
Markandya, Anil; Wilkinson, Paul (15 September 2007). "Electricity Generation and Health". The Lancet. 370 (9591): 979–90. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61253-7. PMID 17876910. S2CID 25504602. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
Jaramillo, Paulina; Griffin, W. Michael; Matthews, H. Scott (25 July 2007). "Comparative Life-Cycle Air Emissions of Coal, Domestic Natural Gas, LNG, and SNG for Electricity Generation" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology. 41 (17): 6290–6296. Bibcode:2007EnST...41.6290J. doi:10.1021/es063031o. PMID 17937317. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
Moran, Matthew D. (2015). "Habitat Loss and Modification Due to Gas Development in the Fayetteville Shale". Environmental Management. 55 (6): 1276–1284. Bibcode:2015EnMan..55.1276M. doi:10.1007/s00267-014-0440-6. PMID 25566834. S2CID 36628835.
Gao, Jiyao; You, Fengqi (2017). "Design and optimization of shale gas energy systems: Overview, research challenges, and future directions". Computers & Chemical Engineering. 106: 699–718. doi:10.1016/j.compchemeng.2017.01.032.
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Grubert, Emily A.; Beach, Fred C.; Webber, Michael E. (8 October 2012). "Can switching fuels save water?". Environmental Research Letters. 7 (4) 045801. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045801. hdl:2152/20220.

economist.com (Global: 331^st place; English: 272^nd place)

"America's bounty: Gas works". The Economist. 14 July 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2013.

eia.gov (Global: 2,641^st place; English: 1,841^st place)

"U.S. Energy Information Administration". Eia.gov. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Staff (5 April 2011) World Shale Gas Resources: An Initial Assessment of 14 Regions Outside the United States US Energy Information Administration, Analysis and Projections, Retrieved 26 August 2012
US Energy Information Administration, North America leads the world in production of shale gas, 23 October 2013.
"Technically Recoverable Shale Oil and Shale Gas Resources: An Assessment of 137 Shale Formations in 41 Countries Outside the United States". Analysis and projections. United States Energy Information Administration. 13 June 2013.
" Technically recoverable resources represent the volumes of oil and natural gas that could be produced with current technology, regardless of oil and natural gas prices and production costs. Technically recoverable resources are determined by multiplying the risked in-place oil or natural gas by a recovery factor."
US Energy Information Administration, World Shale Gas Resources, Apr. 2011.
US Energy Information Administration, Pad drilling and rig mobility lead to more efficient drilling, 11 September 2012.
EIA (17 February 2011). "Pipeline constraints raise average spot natural gas prices in the Northeast this winter". Retrieved 9 April 2014.
Conversions "$ per MM [million] Btu multiplied by 1.025 = $ per Mcf"

energycentral.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Mazur, Karol (3 September 2012) Economics of Shale Gas EnergyCentral, Accessed 30 December 2020

epa.gov (Global: 961^st place; English: 595^th place)

epa.gov

"U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report". United States Environmental Protection Agency. 12 August 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.

yosemite.epa.gov

"Terri White. U.S. EPA. "EPA Completes Drinking Water Sampling in Dimock, Pa."". Yosemite.epa.gov. 25 July 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

epri.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Guidance for the Comanagement of Mill Rejects at Coal-Fired Power Plants, Final Report". Electric Power Research Institute. June 1999. Retrieved 2 October 2013.

forbes.com (Global: 71^st place; English: 54^th place)

James Conca, Fugitive Fracking Gets Bum Rap, Forbes, 18 February 2013.
"Will Natural Gas Stay Cheap Enough To Replace Coal And Lower US Carbon Emissions". Forbes. Retrieved 6 August 2013.

frackland.blogspot.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Frackland^{[unreliable source?]}

fuelfix.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Associated Press. "EPA lowered estimates of methane leaks during natural gas production"(The Houston Chronicle)". Fuelfix.com. 28 April 2013. Archived from the original on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013.

futura-sciences.com (Global: 4,242^nd place; English: low place)

Futura. "Exploitation du gaz de schiste: quels dangers ?". Futura (in French). Retrieved 2 December 2017.

geoexpro.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Morton, Michael Quentin (9 December 2013). "Unlocking the Earth: A Short History of Hydraulic Fracturing". GeoExpro. 10 (6). Retrieved 27 February 2014.^{[dead link]}

google.com (Global: 109^th place; English: 87^th place)

Govorushko, Sergey (25 March 2016). Human Impact on the Environment: An Illustrated World Atlas. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-24957-5.

gov.uk (Global: 401^st place; English: 228^th place)

David J. C. MacKay and Timothy J. Stone, Potential Greenhouse Gas Emissions Associated with Shale Gas Extraction and Use, 9 September 2013. MacKay and Stone wrote (p.3): "The Howarth estimate may be unrealistically high, as discussed in Appendix A, and should be treated with caution."

gpo.gov (Global: 1,819^th place; English: 1,036^th place)

Energy Policy Act of 2005. Pub. L. 109-58, TITLE III, Subtitle C, SEC. 322. Hydraulic fracturing. 6 February 2011

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Warner, Nathaniel R.; Christie, Cidney A.; Robert B., Jackson; Avner, Vengosh (2 October 2013). "Impacts of Shale Gas Wastewater Disposal on Water Quality in Western Pennsylvania". Environmental Science and Technology. 47 (20): 11849–57. Bibcode:2013EnST...4711849W. doi:10.1021/es402165b. hdl:10161/8303. PMID 24087919. S2CID 17676293.
Grubert, Emily A.; Beach, Fred C.; Webber, Michael E. (8 October 2012). "Can switching fuels save water?". Environmental Research Letters. 7 (4) 045801. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045801. hdl:2152/20220.

ihs.com (Global: 7,703^rd place; English: 4,500^th place)

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Dan Jarvie, "Worldwide shale resource plays," PDF file, NAPE Forum, 26 August 2008.

ipcc-wg3.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

srren.ipcc-wg3.de

Moomaw, W., P. Burgherr, G. Heath, M. Lenzen, J. Nyboer, A. Verbruggen, 2011: Annex II: Methodology. In IPCC: Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation

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"Hidden Costs of Energy: Unpriced Consequences of Energy Production and Use" (PDF). National Research Council Committee on Health, Environmental, and Other External Costs and Benefits of Energy Production and Consumption. October 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.

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Mielke, Erik; Diaz Anadon, Laura; Narayanamurti, Venkatesh (October 2010). "Water Consumption of Energy Resource Extraction, Processing, and Conversion" (PDF). Energy Technology Innovation Policy Research Group, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School. Retrieved 2 October 2013.

manchester.ac.uk (Global: 3,934^th place; English: 2,410^th place)

Man Uni News article

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webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk

Simon Mauger; Dana Bozbiciu (2011). "How Changing Gas Supply Cost Leads to Surging Production" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2011. Retrieved 10 May 2011.

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China's Coming Decade of Natural Gas?, Damien Ma in Asia's Uncertain LNG Future, The National Bureau of Asian Research, November 2013.

newsmaker.com.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Market report on Shale Gas Market Industry now available". Market Report. Absolute Reports. 1 February 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2016.^{[dead link]}

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Shindell, D. T.; Faluvegi, G.; Koch, D. M.; Schmidt, G. A.; Unger, N.; Bauer, S. E. (30 October 2009). "Improved Attribution of Climate Forcing to Emissions". Science. 326 (5953): 716–718. Bibcode:2009Sci...326..716S. doi:10.1126/science.1174760. PMID 19900930. S2CID 30881469.
Warner, Nathaniel R.; Christie, Cidney A.; Robert B., Jackson; Avner, Vengosh (2 October 2013). "Impacts of Shale Gas Wastewater Disposal on Water Quality in Western Pennsylvania". Environmental Science and Technology. 47 (20): 11849–57. Bibcode:2013EnST...4711849W. doi:10.1021/es402165b. hdl:10161/8303. PMID 24087919. S2CID 17676293.
Markandya, Anil; Wilkinson, Paul (15 September 2007). "Electricity Generation and Health". The Lancet. 370 (9591): 979–90. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61253-7. PMID 17876910. S2CID 25504602. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
Jaramillo, Paulina; Griffin, W. Michael; Matthews, H. Scott (25 July 2007). "Comparative Life-Cycle Air Emissions of Coal, Domestic Natural Gas, LNG, and SNG for Electricity Generation" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology. 41 (17): 6290–6296. Bibcode:2007EnST...41.6290J. doi:10.1021/es063031o. PMID 17937317. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
Moran, Matthew D. (2015). "Habitat Loss and Modification Due to Gas Development in the Fayetteville Shale". Environmental Management. 55 (6): 1276–1284. Bibcode:2015EnMan..55.1276M. doi:10.1007/s00267-014-0440-6. PMID 25566834. S2CID 36628835.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Burnham and others, "Life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of shale gas, natural gas, coal, and petroleum", Environmental Science and Technology, 17 January 2012, v.46 n.2 p.619-627.

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

stateimpact.npr.org

"What's The Difference Between Wet And Dry Natural Gas?". Stateimpact.npr.org. Retrieved 13 January 2014.
What Makes Wet Gas Wet?

nrcan.gc.ca (Global: 1,817^th place; English: 946^th place)

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switchboard.nrdc.org

Dan Lashof, "Natural Gas Needs Tighter Production Practices to Reduce Global Warming Pollution," 12 April 2011 "Natural Gas Needs Tighter Production Practices to Reduce Global Warming Pollution | Dan Lashof's Blog | Switchboard, from NRDC". Archived from the original on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 9 January 2012.

nrel.gov (Global: 9,555^th place; English: 6,483^rd place)

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"New York's natural gas history – a long story, but not the final chapter" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2012.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Krauss, Clifford (9 October 2009). "New way to tap gas may expand global supplies". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
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oilvoice.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

What is the real cost of shale gas? by Euan Mearns, Oil Voice, 10 December 2013. Mearns cites data from Bloomberg and Credit Suisse.

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"EPA: Natural Gas Drilling May Contaminate Drinking Water". Redorbit.com. 25 June 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2013.

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Zhongmin Wang and Alan Krupnick, A Retrospective Review of Shale Gas Development in the United States Archived 19 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Resources for the Futures, Apr. 2013.

saudigazette.com.sa (Global: 5,229^th place; English: 3,508^th place)

Syed Rashid Husain. "Shale Gas Revolution Changes Geopolitics." Saudi Gazette. 24 February 2013. Deprecated link archived 18 April 2013 at archive.today

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Richardson, Ethan J.; Montenari, Michael (2020). "Assessing shale gas reservoir potential using multi-scaled SEM pore network characterizations and quantifications: The Ciñera-Matallana pull-apart basin, NW Spain". Stratigraphy & Timescales. 5: 677–755. doi:10.1016/bs.sats.2020.07.001. ISBN 978-0-12-820991-2. S2CID 229217907 – via Elsevier Science Direct.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)

sciencemag.org (Global: 1,019^th place; English: 4,951^st place)

news.sciencemag.org

Richard A. Kerr (13 May 2011). "Study: High-Tech Gas Drilling Is Fouling Drinking Water". Science Now. 332 (6031): 775. doi:10.1126/science.332.6031.775. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 27 June 2011.

scientificamerican.com (Global: 1,110^th place; English: 817^th place)

blogs.scientificamerican.com

David Wogan, "When, not if, China taps into shale gas", Scientific American, 30 October 2013.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Richardson, Ethan J.; Montenari, Michael (2020). "Assessing shale gas reservoir potential using multi-scaled SEM pore network characterizations and quantifications: The Ciñera-Matallana pull-apart basin, NW Spain". Stratigraphy & Timescales. 5: 677–755. doi:10.1016/bs.sats.2020.07.001. ISBN 978-0-12-820991-2. S2CID 229217907 – via Elsevier Science Direct.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)
Dang, Wei; Zhang, Jinchuan; Nie, Haikuan; Wang, Fengqin; Tang, Xuan; Wu, Nan; Chen, Qian; Wei, Xiaoliang; Wang, Ruijing (2020). "Isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetics of methane-shale adsorption pair under supercritical condition: implications for understanding the nature of shale gas adsorption process". Chemical Engineering Journal. 383 123191. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.123191. S2CID 208751235.
Shindell, D. T.; Faluvegi, G.; Koch, D. M.; Schmidt, G. A.; Unger, N.; Bauer, S. E. (30 October 2009). "Improved Attribution of Climate Forcing to Emissions". Science. 326 (5953): 716–718. Bibcode:2009Sci...326..716S. doi:10.1126/science.1174760. PMID 19900930. S2CID 30881469.
Warner, Nathaniel R.; Christie, Cidney A.; Robert B., Jackson; Avner, Vengosh (2 October 2013). "Impacts of Shale Gas Wastewater Disposal on Water Quality in Western Pennsylvania". Environmental Science and Technology. 47 (20): 11849–57. Bibcode:2013EnST...4711849W. doi:10.1021/es402165b. hdl:10161/8303. PMID 24087919. S2CID 17676293.
Markandya, Anil; Wilkinson, Paul (15 September 2007). "Electricity Generation and Health". The Lancet. 370 (9591): 979–90. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61253-7. PMID 17876910. S2CID 25504602. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
Moran, Matthew D. (2015). "Habitat Loss and Modification Due to Gas Development in the Fayetteville Shale". Environmental Management. 55 (6): 1276–1284. Bibcode:2015EnMan..55.1276M. doi:10.1007/s00267-014-0440-6. PMID 25566834. S2CID 36628835.

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ssrn.com (Global: 907^th place; English: 529^th place)

A Comparison between Shale Gas in China and Unconventional Fuel Development in the United States: Water, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development, Farah, Paolo Davide; Tremolada, Riccardo in Brooklyn Journal of International Law, Vol. 41, No. 2, 2016, June 2016.

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Jesse Jenkins, Friday Energy Facts: How Much Water Does Fracking for Shale Consume?, The Energy Collective, 5 April 2013.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

Carus, Felicity (2 October 2013). "Dangerous levels of radioactivity found at fracking waste site in Pennsylvania". theguardian.com. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
Suzanne Goldenberg in Barnhart, Texas (11 August 2013). "A Texan tragedy: ample oil, no water". Theguardian.com. Retrieved 13 January 2014.

thelancet.com (Global: 2,615^th place; English: 3,403^rd place)

Markandya, Anil; Wilkinson, Paul (15 September 2007). "Electricity Generation and Health". The Lancet. 370 (9591): 979–90. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61253-7. PMID 17876910. S2CID 25504602. Retrieved 2 October 2013.

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Brian Lutz, Hydraulic Fracturing versus Mountaintop-Removal Coal Mining: Comparing Environmental Impacts, University of Tulsa, 28 November 2012.

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US Geological Survey, How is hydraulic fracturing related to earthquakes and tremors?, accessed 20 April 2013.
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The Shale Gas Market Report 2011-2021 Archived 23 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine – visiongain

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Shale gas (English Wikipedia)

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