Shock collar (English Wikipedia)

Cadick, John; Capelli-Schellpfeffer, Mary; Neitzel, Dennis, eds. (2005). Electrical Safety Handbook. McGraw Hill Professional. pp. 1–4. ISBN 978-0-07-158912-3.

brusselstimes.com

"'No more effective than training': Brussels to ban controversial dog collars". www.brusselstimes.com. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
"Flanders to ban shock collars for pets". 11 August 2021.

bva.co.uk

Association, British Veterinary. "BVA policy - Electric shock collars and training aids". British Veterinary Association. Retrieved 2023-10-19.

canineprofessionals.com

"IACP Position Statement on Training Tools". International Association of Canine Professionals.

capdt.ca

https://capdt.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Code-of-Ethics-2019.pdf Code of Ethics of the Canadian Association of Professional Dog Trainers

cdc.gov

wonder.cdc.gov

The Fire Protection Research Foundation. Multiple cause of death, 1999-2015 results form. Available at: https://wonder.cdc.gov/controller/datarequest/D77. Accessed October 10, 2018. (Government database)

cnn.com

"Petco will stop selling electronic 'shock' collars". CNN. 6 October 2020. Retrieved 2023-06-02.

connexionfrance.com

https://www.connexionfrance.com/article/French-news/France-bans-training-dog-collars-that-cause-pain-to-animals# The Connexion. France bans training dog collars that cause pain to animals. 18 January 2023.

cpsc.gov

"CPSC NEISS On-Line Query System". U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Retrieved 2023-06-02.

doi.org

Wensley, Sean (2 February 2016). "Vets call for ban on electric 'shock collars'". The Veterinary Nurse. 7 (1): 56. doi:10.12968/vetn.2016.7.1.56.
Seligman, Martin E. (September 1970). "On the generality of the laws of learning". Psychological Review. 77 (5): 406–418. doi:10.1037/h0029790. S2CID 145661354. ProQuest 614281984.
Mowrer, O. H. (November 1939). "A stimulus-response analysis of anxiety and its role as a reinforcing agent". Psychological Review. 46 (6): 553–565. doi:10.1037/h0054288. ProQuest 614288080.
Miller, Neal E. (April 1948). "Theory and experiment relating psychoanalytic displacement to stimulus-response generalization". The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 43 (2): 155–178. doi:10.1037/h0056728. PMID 18861377. ProQuest 614244452.
Dunsmoor, Joseph E.; Murty, Vishnu P.; Davachi, Lila; Phelps, Elizabeth A. (April 2015). "Emotional learning selectively and retroactively strengthens memories for related events". Nature. 520 (7547): 345–348. Bibcode:2015Natur.520..345D. doi:10.1038/nature14106. PMC 4432479. PMID 25607357.
Guilherme Fernandes, Joana; Olsson, I. Anna S.; Vieira de Castro, Ana Catarina (November 2017). "Do aversive-based training methods actually compromise dog welfare?: A literature review". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 196: 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2017.07.001. hdl:10216/112687.
Todd, Zazie (May 2018). "Barriers to the adoption of humane dog training methods". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 25: 28–34. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2018.03.004. S2CID 149309452.
Lindsay 2005, p. 573. Lindsay, Steven R., ed. (2005). Handbook of Applied Dog Behavior and Training, Volume Three. doi:10.1002/9780470344514. ISBN 978-0-470-34451-4.
Blackwell, Emily J; Bolster, Christine; Richards, Gemma; Loftus, Bethany A; Casey, Rachel A (December 2012). "The use of electronic collars for training domestic dogs: estimated prevalence, reasons and risk factors for use, and owner perceived success as compared to other training methods". BMC Veterinary Research. 8 (1): 93. doi:10.1186/1746-6148-8-93. PMC 3474565. PMID 22748195.
Milgram, Stanley (February 1965). "Some Conditions of Obedience and Disobedience to Authority". Human Relations. 18 (1): 57–76. doi:10.1177/001872676501800105. S2CID 37505499.
Russell, Nestar John Charles (March 2011). "Milgram's obedience to authority experiments: Origins and early evolution". British Journal of Social Psychology. 50 (1): 140–162. doi:10.1348/014466610x492205. PMID 21366616.
Schalke, E.; Stichnoth, J.; Ott, S.; Jones-Baade, R. (July 2007). "Clinical signs caused by the use of electric training collars on dogs in everyday life situations". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 105 (4): 369–380. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.11.002. S2CID 31552322.
Guilherme Fernandes, Joana; Olsson, I. Anna S.; Vieira de Castro, Ana Catarina (November 2017). "Do aversive-based training methods actually compromise dog welfare?: A literature review". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 196: 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2017.07.001. hdl:10216/112687.
Tursky, Bernard (March 1974). "Physical, Physiological, and Psychological Factors That Affect Pain Reaction to Electric Shock". Psychophysiology. 11 (2): 95–112. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1974.tb00830.x. PMID 4821623.
Lee, Raphael C.; Zhang, Dajun; Hannig, Jurgen (August 2000). "Biophysical Injury Mechanisms in Electrical Shock Trauma". Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering. 2 (1): 477–509. doi:10.1146/annurev.bioeng.2.1.477. PMID 11701521.
Younger, Jarred; McCue, Rebecca; Mackey, Sean (February 2009). "Pain outcomes: A brief review of instruments and techniques". Current Pain and Headache Reports. 13 (1): 39–43. doi:10.1007/s11916-009-0009-x. PMC 2891384. PMID 19126370.
Frampton, C.L.; Hughes-Webb, P. (August 2011). "The Measurement of Pain". Clinical Oncology. 23 (6): 381–386. doi:10.1016/j.clon.2011.04.008. PMID 21571514.
Cooper, Jonathan J.; Cracknell, Nina; Hardiman, Jessica; Wright, Hannah; Mills, Daniel (3 September 2014). "The Welfare Consequences and Efficacy of Training Pet Dogs with Remote Electronic Training Collars in Comparison to Reward Based Training". PLOS ONE. 9 (9): e102722. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j2722C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102722. PMC 4153538. PMID 25184218.
Frank, Dr Diane (June 1999). "Electronic collars 'hurt'". Australian Veterinary Journal. 77 (6): 408–409. doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1999.tb10326.x.
Christiansen, Frank O; Bakken, Morten; Braastad, Bjarne O (April 2001). "Behavioural changes and aversive conditioning in hunting dogs by the second-year confrontation with domestic sheep". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 72 (2): 131–143. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00203-3. PMID 11278032.
Roth, E F; Lunde, I; Boysen, G; Genefke, I K (November 1987). "Torture and its treatment". American Journal of Public Health. 77 (11): 1404–1406. doi:10.2105/AJPH.77.11.1404. PMC 1647109. PMID 3661792.
Illich, Paul A.; King, Tamara E.; Grau, James W. (1995). "Impact of shock on pain reactivity: I. Whether hypo- or hyperalgesia is observed on how pain reactivity is tested". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes. 21 (4): 331–347. doi:10.1037/0097-7403.21.4.331. PMID 7595240.
Schalke, E.; Stichnoth, J.; Ott, S.; Jones-Baade, R. (July 2007). "Clinical signs caused by the use of electric training collars on dogs in everyday life situations". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 105 (4): 369–380. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.11.002. S2CID 31552322.
Schilder, Matthijs B.H; van der Borg, Joanne A.M (March 2004). "Training dogs with help of the shock collar: short and long term behavioural effects". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 85 (3–4): 319–334. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2003.10.004. S2CID 26374104.
Masson, Sylvia; de la Vega, Silvia; Gazzano, Angelo; Mariti, Chiara; Pereira, Gonçalo Da Graça; Halsberghe, Christine; Muser Leyvraz, Anneli; McPeake, Kevin; Schoening, Barbara (May 2018). "Electronic training devices: Discussion on the pros and cons of their use in dogs as a basis for the position statement of the European Society of Veterinary Clinical Ethology". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 25: 71–75. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2018.02.006. hdl:20.500.11820/23d9352e-fd84-4910-b301-f45044a22204. S2CID 148769178.
Overall, Karen L. (January 2007). "Why electric shock is not behavior modification". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 2 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2006.12.006.
Ziv, Gal (May 2017). "The effects of using aversive training methods in dogs—A review". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 19: 50–60. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2017.02.004. S2CID 151846599.
China, Lucy; Mills, Daniel S.; Cooper, Jonathan J. (22 July 2020). "Efficacy of Dog Training With and Without Remote Electronic Collars vs. a Focus on Positive Reinforcement". Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 7: 508. doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00508. PMC 7387681. PMID 32793652.
Christiansen, Frank O.; Bakken, Morten; Braastad, Bjarne O. (April 2001). "Behavioural differences between three breed groups of hunting dogs confronted with domestic sheep". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 72 (2): 115–129. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00202-1. PMID 11278031.
Christiansen, Frank O; Bakken, Morten; Braastad, Bjarne O (April 2001). "Behavioural changes and aversive conditioning in hunting dogs by the second-year confrontation with domestic sheep". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 72 (2): 131–143. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00203-3. PMID 11278032.
Schalke, E.; Stichnoth, J.; Ott, S.; Jones-Baade, R. (July 2007). "Clinical signs caused by the use of electric training collars on dogs in everyday life situations". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 105 (4): 369–380. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.11.002. S2CID 31552322.
Dreschel, Nancy A.; Granger, Douglas A. (December 2005). "Physiological and behavioral reactivity to stress in thunderstorm-phobic dogs and their caregivers". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 95 (3–4): 153–168. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2005.04.009.
Radosevich, Paul M.; Nash, John A.; Brooks Lacy, D.; O'Donovan, Cormac; Williams, Phillip E.; Abumrad, Naji N. (September 1989). "Effects of low- and high-intensity exercise on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of ir-β-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, norepinephrine and glucose in the conscious dog". Brain Research. 498 (1): 89–98. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90402-2. PMID 2551459. S2CID 22714033.
Radosevich, Paul M.; Nash, John A.; Brooks Lacy, D.; O'Donovan, Cormac; Williams, Phillip E.; Abumrad, Naji N. (September 1989). "Effects of low- and high-intensity exercise on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of ir-β-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, norepinephrine and glucose in the conscious dog". Brain Research. 498 (1): 89–98. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90402-2. PMID 2551459. S2CID 22714033.
Schalke, E.; Stichnoth, J.; Ott, S.; Jones-Baade, R. (July 2007). "Clinical signs caused by the use of electric training collars on dogs in everyday life situations". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 105 (4): 369–380. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.11.002. S2CID 31552322.
Schilder, Matthijs B.H; van der Borg, Joanne A.M (March 2004). "Training dogs with help of the shock collar: short and long term behavioural effects". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 85 (3–4): 319–334. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2003.10.004. S2CID 26374104.
Lindsay 2005, pp. 611–612. Lindsay, Steven R., ed. (2005). Handbook of Applied Dog Behavior and Training, Volume Three. doi:10.1002/9780470344514. ISBN 978-0-470-34451-4.
Steiss, Janet E.; Schaffer, Caroline; Ahmad, Hafiz A.; Voith, Victoria L. (August 2007). "Evaluation of plasma cortisol levels and behavior in dogs wearing bark control collars". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 106 (1–3): 96–106. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.06.018.
Tortora, Daniel F. (1983). "Safety training: The elimination of avoidance-motivated aggression in dogs". Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 112 (2): 176–214. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.112.2.176. PMID 6223971.
Masson, Sylvia; Nigron, Isabelle; Gaultier, Emmanuel (July 2018). "Questionnaire survey on the use of different e-collar types in France in everyday life with a view to providing recommendations for possible future regulations". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 26: 48–60. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2018.05.004. S2CID 150078403.

el-lorquino.com

https://el-lorquino.com/2022/02/16/espana/espana-aprobara-el-viernes-la-ley-de-proteccion-animal/134443/ El Lorquino. Spain will approve the Animal Protection Law on Friday. 16 February 2022.

everypatent.com

Innotek. "Innotek patent".

fda.gov

FDA (20 February 2020). "FDA Compliance enforcement". Food and Drug Administration.

fearfreepets.com

https://fearfreepets.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Trainer-Course-Pledge.pdf “Trainer Course Pledge.” Fear-Free Pets.

federalregister.gov

"Banned Devices; Proposal To Ban Electrical Stimulation Devices Used To Treat Self-Injurious or Aggressive Behavior". Federal Register. Food and Drug Administration. 25 April 2016.

finlex.fi

funnipaw.com

Stroman, Reta (2023-08-26). "12 Countries Where Shock Collars Are Banned And Illegal - FunniPaw". Retrieved 2023-10-12.

globalnews.ca

Shields, Billy (July 7, 2014). "Quebec takes steps to protect pets from shock collars, prongs - Montreal". Global News. Retrieved 2023-11-23.

gov.uk

"Cruel electric shock collars for pets to be banned". GOV.UK. Retrieved 2023-10-19.

hallandsposten.se

Gernes, Jonatan (2021-05-20). "Elhalsband gav plågsamma skador på hunden". hallandsposten.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 2022-04-21.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Guilherme Fernandes, Joana; Olsson, I. Anna S.; Vieira de Castro, Ana Catarina (November 2017). "Do aversive-based training methods actually compromise dog welfare?: A literature review". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 196: 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2017.07.001. hdl:10216/112687.
Guilherme Fernandes, Joana; Olsson, I. Anna S.; Vieira de Castro, Ana Catarina (November 2017). "Do aversive-based training methods actually compromise dog welfare?: A literature review". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 196: 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2017.07.001. hdl:10216/112687.
Masson, Sylvia; de la Vega, Silvia; Gazzano, Angelo; Mariti, Chiara; Pereira, Gonçalo Da Graça; Halsberghe, Christine; Muser Leyvraz, Anneli; McPeake, Kevin; Schoening, Barbara (May 2018). "Electronic training devices: Discussion on the pros and cons of their use in dogs as a basis for the position statement of the European Society of Veterinary Clinical Ethology". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 25: 71–75. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2018.02.006. hdl:20.500.11820/23d9352e-fd84-4910-b301-f45044a22204. S2CID 148769178.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Dunsmoor, Joseph E.; Murty, Vishnu P.; Davachi, Lila; Phelps, Elizabeth A. (April 2015). "Emotional learning selectively and retroactively strengthens memories for related events". Nature. 520 (7547): 345–348. Bibcode:2015Natur.520..345D. doi:10.1038/nature14106. PMC 4432479. PMID 25607357.
Cooper, Jonathan J.; Cracknell, Nina; Hardiman, Jessica; Wright, Hannah; Mills, Daniel (3 September 2014). "The Welfare Consequences and Efficacy of Training Pet Dogs with Remote Electronic Training Collars in Comparison to Reward Based Training". PLOS ONE. 9 (9): e102722. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j2722C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102722. PMC 4153538. PMID 25184218.

heute.at

"Achtung vor verbotenen Halsbändern für Hunde" [Beware of prohibited collars for dogs]. Heute.at (in German). 13 September 2021.

holidogtimes.com

"Great News For Dogs As Switzerland Passes Law To Ban Cruel Anti-Barking Devices". Holidog Times EN. 2018-02-13. Retrieved 2022-04-21.

humanesociety.org

HSUS. "HSUS statement".

iaabc.org

"LIMA Position Statement". IAABC.

independent.co.uk

"England to ban 'cruel' dog training device after 10-year campaign". The Independent. 2023-04-28. Retrieved 2023-06-02.

jstor.org

Andelt, William F.; Phillips, Robert L.; Gruver, Kenneth S.; Guthrie, Jerry W. (1999). "Coyote Predation on Domestic Sheep Deterred with Electronic Dog-Training Collar". Wildlife Society Bulletin. 27 (1): 12–18. JSTOR 3783933.

knmvd.nl

"The negative effects of the electronic collar on the welfare of dogs and positive training methods as alternatives". Utrecht University. 14 December 2020. Translated from: Kapteijn, C.M.; van der Borg, J.A.M.; Vinke, C.M.; Arndt, S.S. (2020). "Schokken of brokken? De negatieve effecten van de elektronische halsband op het welzijn van honden en positieve trainingsmethoden als alternatief" [Shocks or lumps? The negative effects of the electronic collar on dog welfare and positive training methods as an alternative]. Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde (in Dutch). 145 (8): 16–19.

lepoint.fr

"Souffrance animale: l'Assemblée vote l'interdiction des "colliers de dressage"". Le Point (in French). 2023-12-13. Retrieved 2023-11-19.

livescience.com

Binns, Corey (17 April 2006). "The Shocking Truth Behind Static Electricity". LiveScience. Retrieved 26 July 2018.

mannlif.is

"Notkun rafmagnsólarinnar tilkynnt sem ill meðferð til MAST". Mannlíf.is (in Icelandic). 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2022-04-21.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Miller, Neal E. (April 1948). "Theory and experiment relating psychoanalytic displacement to stimulus-response generalization". The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 43 (2): 155–178. doi:10.1037/h0056728. PMID 18861377. ProQuest 614244452.
Dunsmoor, Joseph E.; Murty, Vishnu P.; Davachi, Lila; Phelps, Elizabeth A. (April 2015). "Emotional learning selectively and retroactively strengthens memories for related events". Nature. 520 (7547): 345–348. Bibcode:2015Natur.520..345D. doi:10.1038/nature14106. PMC 4432479. PMID 25607357.
Blackwell, Emily J; Bolster, Christine; Richards, Gemma; Loftus, Bethany A; Casey, Rachel A (December 2012). "The use of electronic collars for training domestic dogs: estimated prevalence, reasons and risk factors for use, and owner perceived success as compared to other training methods". BMC Veterinary Research. 8 (1): 93. doi:10.1186/1746-6148-8-93. PMC 3474565. PMID 22748195.
Russell, Nestar John Charles (March 2011). "Milgram's obedience to authority experiments: Origins and early evolution". British Journal of Social Psychology. 50 (1): 140–162. doi:10.1348/014466610x492205. PMID 21366616.
Tursky, Bernard (March 1974). "Physical, Physiological, and Psychological Factors That Affect Pain Reaction to Electric Shock". Psychophysiology. 11 (2): 95–112. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1974.tb00830.x. PMID 4821623.
Lee, Raphael C.; Zhang, Dajun; Hannig, Jurgen (August 2000). "Biophysical Injury Mechanisms in Electrical Shock Trauma". Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering. 2 (1): 477–509. doi:10.1146/annurev.bioeng.2.1.477. PMID 11701521.
Younger, Jarred; McCue, Rebecca; Mackey, Sean (February 2009). "Pain outcomes: A brief review of instruments and techniques". Current Pain and Headache Reports. 13 (1): 39–43. doi:10.1007/s11916-009-0009-x. PMC 2891384. PMID 19126370.
Frampton, C.L.; Hughes-Webb, P. (August 2011). "The Measurement of Pain". Clinical Oncology. 23 (6): 381–386. doi:10.1016/j.clon.2011.04.008. PMID 21571514.
Cooper, Jonathan J.; Cracknell, Nina; Hardiman, Jessica; Wright, Hannah; Mills, Daniel (3 September 2014). "The Welfare Consequences and Efficacy of Training Pet Dogs with Remote Electronic Training Collars in Comparison to Reward Based Training". PLOS ONE. 9 (9): e102722. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j2722C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102722. PMC 4153538. PMID 25184218.
Christiansen, Frank O; Bakken, Morten; Braastad, Bjarne O (April 2001). "Behavioural changes and aversive conditioning in hunting dogs by the second-year confrontation with domestic sheep". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 72 (2): 131–143. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00203-3. PMID 11278032.
Roth, E F; Lunde, I; Boysen, G; Genefke, I K (November 1987). "Torture and its treatment". American Journal of Public Health. 77 (11): 1404–1406. doi:10.2105/AJPH.77.11.1404. PMC 1647109. PMID 3661792.
Illich, Paul A.; King, Tamara E.; Grau, James W. (1995). "Impact of shock on pain reactivity: I. Whether hypo- or hyperalgesia is observed on how pain reactivity is tested". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes. 21 (4): 331–347. doi:10.1037/0097-7403.21.4.331. PMID 7595240.
China, Lucy; Mills, Daniel S.; Cooper, Jonathan J. (22 July 2020). "Efficacy of Dog Training With and Without Remote Electronic Collars vs. a Focus on Positive Reinforcement". Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 7: 508. doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00508. PMC 7387681. PMID 32793652.
Christiansen, Frank O.; Bakken, Morten; Braastad, Bjarne O. (April 2001). "Behavioural differences between three breed groups of hunting dogs confronted with domestic sheep". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 72 (2): 115–129. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00202-1. PMID 11278031.
Christiansen, Frank O; Bakken, Morten; Braastad, Bjarne O (April 2001). "Behavioural changes and aversive conditioning in hunting dogs by the second-year confrontation with domestic sheep". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 72 (2): 131–143. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00203-3. PMID 11278032.
Radosevich, Paul M.; Nash, John A.; Brooks Lacy, D.; O'Donovan, Cormac; Williams, Phillip E.; Abumrad, Naji N. (September 1989). "Effects of low- and high-intensity exercise on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of ir-β-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, norepinephrine and glucose in the conscious dog". Brain Research. 498 (1): 89–98. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90402-2. PMID 2551459. S2CID 22714033.
Radosevich, Paul M.; Nash, John A.; Brooks Lacy, D.; O'Donovan, Cormac; Williams, Phillip E.; Abumrad, Naji N. (September 1989). "Effects of low- and high-intensity exercise on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of ir-β-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, norepinephrine and glucose in the conscious dog". Brain Research. 498 (1): 89–98. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90402-2. PMID 2551459. S2CID 22714033.
Tortora, Daniel F. (1983). "Safety training: The elimination of avoidance-motivated aggression in dogs". Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 112 (2): 176–214. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.112.2.176. PMID 6223971.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Dunsmoor, Joseph E.; Murty, Vishnu P.; Davachi, Lila; Phelps, Elizabeth A. (April 2015). "Emotional learning selectively and retroactively strengthens memories for related events". Nature. 520 (7547): 345–348. Bibcode:2015Natur.520..345D. doi:10.1038/nature14106. PMC 4432479. PMID 25607357.
Blackwell, Emily J; Bolster, Christine; Richards, Gemma; Loftus, Bethany A; Casey, Rachel A (December 2012). "The use of electronic collars for training domestic dogs: estimated prevalence, reasons and risk factors for use, and owner perceived success as compared to other training methods". BMC Veterinary Research. 8 (1): 93. doi:10.1186/1746-6148-8-93. PMC 3474565. PMID 22748195.
Younger, Jarred; McCue, Rebecca; Mackey, Sean (February 2009). "Pain outcomes: A brief review of instruments and techniques". Current Pain and Headache Reports. 13 (1): 39–43. doi:10.1007/s11916-009-0009-x. PMC 2891384. PMID 19126370.
Cooper, Jonathan J.; Cracknell, Nina; Hardiman, Jessica; Wright, Hannah; Mills, Daniel (3 September 2014). "The Welfare Consequences and Efficacy of Training Pet Dogs with Remote Electronic Training Collars in Comparison to Reward Based Training". PLOS ONE. 9 (9): e102722. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j2722C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102722. PMC 4153538. PMID 25184218.
Roth, E F; Lunde, I; Boysen, G; Genefke, I K (November 1987). "Torture and its treatment". American Journal of Public Health. 77 (11): 1404–1406. doi:10.2105/AJPH.77.11.1404. PMC 1647109. PMID 3661792.
China, Lucy; Mills, Daniel S.; Cooper, Jonathan J. (22 July 2020). "Efficacy of Dog Training With and Without Remote Electronic Collars vs. a Focus on Positive Reinforcement". Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 7: 508. doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00508. PMC 7387681. PMID 32793652.

nltimes.nl

"Netherlands to ban shock collars for dogs, limit breeding of 'designer cats'".

nrk.no

Lindin, Ina-Kristin (2017-01-27). "Dømt for bruk av strømhalsbånd". NRK (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 2022-04-21.

osha.gov

https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/2019-04/Basic_Electricity_Materials.pdf Train-the-Trainer: Basic Electricity Safety This material was produced under a Susan Harwood Training Grant #SH-24896-SH3 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

pact-dogs.com

"Policies". Professional Association of Canine Trainers. Retrieved 2023-10-19.

patents.google.com

US6459378B2, Gerig, Duane A., "Animal shock collar with low impedance transformer", issued 2002-10-01

peta.org

PETA (10 August 2010). "Electric Fences and Shock Collars".

petprofessionalguild.com

https://www.petprofessionalguild.com/Open-Letter-to-Pet-Industry-Representatives-Regarding-the-Use-of-Shock-in-Animal-Training “Open Letter to Pet Indiatry Representatives Regarding the Use of Shock in Animal Training.” Pet Professionals Guild. 2017.

phys.org

Berry, Alistair; Lincoln, University of. "Electronic collars less effective than reward-based training, research finds". phys.org. Retrieved 2023-04-21.

proquest.com

search.proquest.com

Seligman, Martin E. (September 1970). "On the generality of the laws of learning". Psychological Review. 77 (5): 406–418. doi:10.1037/h0029790. S2CID 145661354. ProQuest 614281984.
Mowrer, O. H. (November 1939). "A stimulus-response analysis of anxiety and its role as a reinforcing agent". Psychological Review. 46 (6): 553–565. doi:10.1037/h0054288. ProQuest 614288080.
Miller, Neal E. (April 1948). "Theory and experiment relating psychoanalytic displacement to stimulus-response generalization". The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 43 (2): 155–178. doi:10.1037/h0056728. PMID 18861377. ProQuest 614244452.

publico.es

https://www.publico.es/sociedad/gobierno-aprobara-proximo-viernes-ley-proteccion-animal.html Publico. El Gobierno aprobará este próximo viernes la Ley de Protección Animal. 15 March 2022.

quebec.ca

"Répondre aux besoins d'un animal". Gouvernement du Québec. Retrieved 2023-11-23.

regjeringen.no

Government of Norway. (2009). Animal Welfare Act. General Treatment of Animals (§ 3), Use of Equipment and Technical Solutions (§ 8), and Prohibitions in Training (§ 26.3). Retrieved from https://www.regjeringen.no/en/dokumenter/animal-welfare-act/id571188/.

rspca.org.au

kb.rspca.org.au

"Is the use of electronic dog collars legal?". RSPCA Australia.

rspca.org.uk

"Ban the use of shock collars | Campaigns | RSPCA". www.rspca.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-10-19.

rtlnieuws.nl

"Elektronische halsband voor honden vanaf volgend jaar verboden". 4 April 2019.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Seligman, Martin E. (September 1970). "On the generality of the laws of learning". Psychological Review. 77 (5): 406–418. doi:10.1037/h0029790. S2CID 145661354. ProQuest 614281984.
Todd, Zazie (May 2018). "Barriers to the adoption of humane dog training methods". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 25: 28–34. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2018.03.004. S2CID 149309452.
Milgram, Stanley (February 1965). "Some Conditions of Obedience and Disobedience to Authority". Human Relations. 18 (1): 57–76. doi:10.1177/001872676501800105. S2CID 37505499.
Schalke, E.; Stichnoth, J.; Ott, S.; Jones-Baade, R. (July 2007). "Clinical signs caused by the use of electric training collars on dogs in everyday life situations". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 105 (4): 369–380. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.11.002. S2CID 31552322.
Schalke, E.; Stichnoth, J.; Ott, S.; Jones-Baade, R. (July 2007). "Clinical signs caused by the use of electric training collars on dogs in everyday life situations". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 105 (4): 369–380. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.11.002. S2CID 31552322.
Schilder, Matthijs B.H; van der Borg, Joanne A.M (March 2004). "Training dogs with help of the shock collar: short and long term behavioural effects". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 85 (3–4): 319–334. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2003.10.004. S2CID 26374104.
Masson, Sylvia; de la Vega, Silvia; Gazzano, Angelo; Mariti, Chiara; Pereira, Gonçalo Da Graça; Halsberghe, Christine; Muser Leyvraz, Anneli; McPeake, Kevin; Schoening, Barbara (May 2018). "Electronic training devices: Discussion on the pros and cons of their use in dogs as a basis for the position statement of the European Society of Veterinary Clinical Ethology". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 25: 71–75. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2018.02.006. hdl:20.500.11820/23d9352e-fd84-4910-b301-f45044a22204. S2CID 148769178.
Ziv, Gal (May 2017). "The effects of using aversive training methods in dogs—A review". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 19: 50–60. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2017.02.004. S2CID 151846599.
Schalke, E.; Stichnoth, J.; Ott, S.; Jones-Baade, R. (July 2007). "Clinical signs caused by the use of electric training collars on dogs in everyday life situations". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 105 (4): 369–380. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.11.002. S2CID 31552322.
Radosevich, Paul M.; Nash, John A.; Brooks Lacy, D.; O'Donovan, Cormac; Williams, Phillip E.; Abumrad, Naji N. (September 1989). "Effects of low- and high-intensity exercise on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of ir-β-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, norepinephrine and glucose in the conscious dog". Brain Research. 498 (1): 89–98. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90402-2. PMID 2551459. S2CID 22714033.
Radosevich, Paul M.; Nash, John A.; Brooks Lacy, D.; O'Donovan, Cormac; Williams, Phillip E.; Abumrad, Naji N. (September 1989). "Effects of low- and high-intensity exercise on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of ir-β-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, norepinephrine and glucose in the conscious dog". Brain Research. 498 (1): 89–98. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90402-2. PMID 2551459. S2CID 22714033.
Schalke, E.; Stichnoth, J.; Ott, S.; Jones-Baade, R. (July 2007). "Clinical signs caused by the use of electric training collars on dogs in everyday life situations". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 105 (4): 369–380. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.11.002. S2CID 31552322.
Schilder, Matthijs B.H; van der Borg, Joanne A.M (March 2004). "Training dogs with help of the shock collar: short and long term behavioural effects". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 85 (3–4): 319–334. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2003.10.004. S2CID 26374104.
Masson, Sylvia; Nigron, Isabelle; Gaultier, Emmanuel (July 2018). "Questionnaire survey on the use of different e-collar types in France in everyday life with a view to providing recommendations for possible future regulations". Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 26: 48–60. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2018.05.004. S2CID 150078403.

sfstandard.com

https://sfstandard.com/community/san-francisco-first-city-ban-dog-shock-collars-static-correction/# "San Francisco May Be First City in the Nation to Ban Shock Collars". San Francisco Standard. January 16, 2023.

spanishnewstoday.com

"Animal Protection Law in Spain gets the green light after months of delays". Spanish News Today. 16 February 2022.

theage.com.au

"Dogfight nets RSPCA chief $30,000". The Age. 6 July 2002. Retrieved 27 July 2018.

theargus.co.uk

"Collars turned dogs into killers". The Argus. 25 October 2001. Archived from the original on 2014-10-24.

theatlantic.com

Friedersdorf, Conor (2015-06-25). "High-Voltage Handcuffs Mean Cops Can Shock Prisoners From Across the Room". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2023-06-02.

thekennelclub.org.uk

"Electric Shock Collars". Kennel Club UK.
"'Cruel' electric shock collars banned in England | Kennel Club". www.thekennelclub.org.uk. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
Kennel Club. "Kennel Club Campaign".
WUSV. "WUSV Ban". Archived from the original on 2012-03-25.

tiho-hannover.de

elib.tiho-hannover.de

Salgirli, Yasemin (2008). Comparison of stress and learning effects of three different training methods (Thesis). pp. 2, 122.

total-slovenia-news.com

Total Slovenia News. (2021). Slovenia Tightens Rules on Pet Care. Retrieved from https://www.total-slovenia-news.com/lifestyle/8923-slovenia-tightens-rules-on-pet-care.”

tv2fyn.dk

"Fynsk dyrlæge forarget over salg af stødhalsbånd: Hundene ved ikke, hvad der rammer dem". TV2 Fyn (in Danish). Retrieved 2022-04-21.

ukhumanrightsblog.com

Catriona Murdoch (23 November 2010). "Electric shock pet collar ban did not breach human rights". UK Human Rights Blog.

usatoday.com

"Petco ends sale of electronic shock collars, calls on competitors to also 'Stop the Shock' with online petition". USA TODAY. Retrieved 2023-06-02.

uu.nl

"The negative effects of the electronic collar on the welfare of dogs and positive training methods as alternatives". Utrecht University. 14 December 2020. Translated from: Kapteijn, C.M.; van der Borg, J.A.M.; Vinke, C.M.; Arndt, S.S. (2020). "Schokken of brokken? De negatieve effecten van de elektronische halsband op het welzijn van honden en positieve trainingsmethoden als alternatief" [Shocks or lumps? The negative effects of the electronic collar on dog welfare and positive training methods as an alternative]. Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde (in Dutch). 145 (8): 16–19.

visir.is

"Rafmagnsólar hunda bannaðar - Vísir". visir.is (in Icelandic). 15 July 2011. Retrieved 2022-04-21.

vrt.be

"Stroomhalsbanden voor honden verboden vanaf 2027". 10 August 2021.

walesonline.co.uk

"Electric shock collars banned in Wales". Wales Online. WalesOnline. 23 March 2010. Retrieved 20 November 2023.

web.archive.org

"ACPO Police Dogs Manual of Guidance" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-02.
WUSV. "WUSV Ban". Archived from the original on 2012-03-25.
"Collars turned dogs into killers". The Argus. 25 October 2001. Archived from the original on 2014-10-24.