Shockley–Queisser limit (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Shockley–Queisser limit" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

24doi.org

2^nd place

17harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

13semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

4handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

4nih.gov

4^th place

3arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

2web.archive.org

1^st place

2science.org

1,160^th place

737^th place

1ulb.ac.be

low place

1computerhistory.org

2,213^th place

1,495^th place

1specmat.com

low place

1sjbyrnes.com

low place

1iitb.ac.in

low place

8,037^th place

1cleantechnica.com

7,748^th place

5,149^th place

1mit.edu

415^th place

327^th place

1soton.ac.uk

6,219^th place

4,029^th place

1sandia.gov

low place

1osa-opn.org

low place

1stanford.edu

179^th place

183^rd place

1nrel.gov

8,418^th place

5,714^th place

1solarindustrymag.com

low place

1iop.org

1,725^th place

1,828^th place

arxiv.org

Krogstrup, Peter; Jørgensen, Henrik Ingerslev; Heiss, Martin; Demichel, Olivier; Holm, Jeppe V.; Aagesen, Martin; Nygard, Jesper; Fontcuberta i Morral, Anna (24 March 2013). "Single-nanowire solar cells beyond the Shockley–Queisser limit". Nature Photonics. 7 (4): 306–310. arXiv:1301.1068. Bibcode:2013NaPho...7..306K. doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.32. S2CID 6096888.
Boriskina, Svetlana V. (2014). "Exceeding the solar cell Shockley–Queisser limit via thermal up-conversion of low-energy photons". Optics Communications. 314: 71–78. arXiv:1310.5570. Bibcode:2014OptCo.314...71B. doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2013.10.042. hdl:1721.1/110465. S2CID 33141699.
P. Werner; K. Held & M. Eckstein (2014). "Role of impact ionization in the thermalization of photoexcited Mott insulators". Phys. Rev. B. 90 (23): 235102. arXiv:1408.3425. Bibcode:2014PhRvB..90w5102W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.90.235102. S2CID 53387271.

cleantechnica.com

Casey, Tina (28 November 2023). "New Tandem Silicon-Perovskite Solar Cell Sets Record". CleanTechnica. Retrieved 30 November 2023.

computerhistory.org

"Hans Queisser". Computer History Museum. Retrieved 17 January 2017.

doi.org

William Shockley; Hans J. Queisser (March 1961). "Detailed Balance Limit of Efficiency of p-n Junction Solar Cells" (PDF). Journal of Applied Physics. 32 (3): 510–519. Bibcode:1961JAP....32..510S. doi:10.1063/1.1736034.
S. Rühle (2016). "Tabulated values of the Shockley–Queisser limit for single junction solar cells". Solar Energy. 130: 139–147. Bibcode:2016SoEn..130..139R. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2016.02.015.
A. De Vos & H. Pauwels (1981). "On the Thermodynamic Limit of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion". Appl. Phys. 25 (2): 119–125. Bibcode:1981ApPhy..25..119D. doi:10.1007/BF00901283. S2CID 119693148.
De Vos, A. (1980). "Detailed balance limit of the efficiency of tandem solar cells". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 13 (5): 839–846. Bibcode:1980JPhD...13..839D. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/13/5/018. S2CID 250782402.
A. De Vos & H. Pauwels (1981). "On the Thermodynamic Limit of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion". Appl. Phys. 25 (2): 119–125. Bibcode:1981ApPhy..25..119D. doi:10.1007/BF00901283. S2CID 119693148.
W. Ruppel; P. Würfel (1980). "Upper limit for the conversion of solar energy". IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. 27 (4): 877. Bibcode:1980ITED...27..877R. doi:10.1109/T-ED.1980.19950. S2CID 23600093. This paper finds the same open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current as de Vos and Pauwels, but does not give the correct function for $I (V)$ .
A. Richter; M. Hermle; S.W. Glunz (October 2013). "Reassessment of the limiting efficiency for crystalline silicon solar cells". IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. 3 (4): 1184–1191. doi:10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2270351. S2CID 6013813.
B. Ozdemir, V. Barone (2020). "Thickness dependence of solar cell efficiency in transition metal dichalcogenides MX2 (M: Mo, W; X: S, Se, Te)". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 212: 110557. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110557. hdl:11693/75812. S2CID 216528272.
S. Kim, J. A. Márquez, T. Unold, A. Walsh (2020). "Upper limit to the photovoltaic efficiency of imperfect crystals from first principles". Energy & Environmental Science. 13 (5): 1481–1491. doi:10.1039/D0EE00291G. hdl:10044/1/84273.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
P. Lautenschlager, M. Garriga, L. Vina, M. Cardona (1987). "Temperature dependence of the dielectric function and interband critical points in silicon". Phys. Rev. B. 36 (9): 4821–4830. Bibcode:1987PhRvB..36.4821L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.36.4821. PMID 9943498.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Kittidachachan, Pattareeya; Danos, Lefteris; Meyer, Thomas J. J.; Alderman, Nicolas; Markvart, Tom (19 December 2007). "Photon Collection Efficiency of Fluorescent Solar Collectors" (PDF). CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry. 61 (12): 780–786. doi:10.2533/chimia.2007.780.
Krogstrup, Peter; Jørgensen, Henrik Ingerslev; Heiss, Martin; Demichel, Olivier; Holm, Jeppe V.; Aagesen, Martin; Nygard, Jesper; Fontcuberta i Morral, Anna (24 March 2013). "Single-nanowire solar cells beyond the Shockley–Queisser limit". Nature Photonics. 7 (4): 306–310. arXiv:1301.1068. Bibcode:2013NaPho...7..306K. doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.32. S2CID 6096888.
Brown, Andrew S.; Green, Martin A. (2002). "Impurity photovoltaic effect: Fundamental energy conversion efficiency limits". Journal of Applied Physics. 92 (3): 1329. Bibcode:2002JAP....92.1329B. doi:10.1063/1.1492016.
Jalali, Bahram; Fathpour, Sasan; Tsia, Kevin (2009). "Green Silicon Photonics". Optics and Photonics News. 20 (6): 18. doi:10.1364/OPN.20.6.000018. hdl:10722/124710.
Ekins-Daukes, N. J. (2003). "Photovoltaic efficiency enhancement through thermal up-conversion". Applied Physics Letters. 82 (12): 1974. Bibcode:2003ApPhL..82.1974E. doi:10.1063/1.1561159. S2CID 117441695.
Farrell, D. J. (2011). "A hot-carrier solar cell with optical energy selective contacts". Applied Physics Letters. 99 (11): 111102. Bibcode:2011ApPhL..99k1102F. doi:10.1063/1.3636401.
Boriskina, Svetlana V. (2014). "Exceeding the solar cell Shockley–Queisser limit via thermal up-conversion of low-energy photons". Optics Communications. 314: 71–78. arXiv:1310.5570. Bibcode:2014OptCo.314...71B. doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2013.10.042. hdl:1721.1/110465. S2CID 33141699.
Semonin, O. E. (2011). "Peak External Photocurrent Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 100% via MEG in a Quantum Dot Solar Cell". Science. 334 (6062): 1530–1533. Bibcode:2011Sci...334.1530S. doi:10.1126/science.1209845. PMID 22174246. S2CID 36022754.
Ehrler, B. (2012). "Singlet Exciton Fission-Sensitized Infrared Quantum Dot Solar Cells". Nano Letters. 12 (2): 1053–1057. Bibcode:2012NanoL..12.1053E. doi:10.1021/nl204297u. PMID 22257168.
Congreve, D. N. (2013). "External Quantum Efficiency Above 100% in a Singlet-Exciton-Fission–Based Organic Photovoltaic Cell". Science. 340 (6130): 334–337. Bibcode:2013Sci...340..334C. doi:10.1126/science.1232994. PMID 23599489. S2CID 46185590.
P. Werner; K. Held & M. Eckstein (2014). "Role of impact ionization in the thermalization of photoexcited Mott insulators". Phys. Rev. B. 90 (23): 235102. arXiv:1408.3425. Bibcode:2014PhRvB..90w5102W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.90.235102. S2CID 53387271.
Klampaftis, Efthymios; Ross, David; McIntosh, Keith R.; Richards, Bryce S. (August 2009). "Enhancing the performance of solar cells via luminescent down-shifting of the incident spectrum: A review". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 93 (8): 1182–1194. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2009.02.020.
Pi, Xiaodong; Zhang, Li; Yang, Deren (11 October 2012). "Enhancing the Efficiency of Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells by the Inkjet Printing of Silicon-Quantum-Dot Ink". The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 116 (40): 21240–21243. doi:10.1021/jp307078g.
Harder, Nils-Peter; Würfel, Peter (2003). "Theoretical limits of thermophotovoltaic solar energy conversion". Semiconductor Science and Technology. 18 (5): S151–S157. Bibcode:2003SeScT..18S.151H. doi:10.1088/0268-1242/18/5/303. S2CID 250841378.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

B. Ozdemir, V. Barone (2020). "Thickness dependence of solar cell efficiency in transition metal dichalcogenides MX2 (M: Mo, W; X: S, Se, Te)". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 212: 110557. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110557. hdl:11693/75812. S2CID 216528272.
S. Kim, J. A. Márquez, T. Unold, A. Walsh (2020). "Upper limit to the photovoltaic efficiency of imperfect crystals from first principles". Energy & Environmental Science. 13 (5): 1481–1491. doi:10.1039/D0EE00291G. hdl:10044/1/84273.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Jalali, Bahram; Fathpour, Sasan; Tsia, Kevin (2009). "Green Silicon Photonics". Optics and Photonics News. 20 (6): 18. doi:10.1364/OPN.20.6.000018. hdl:10722/124710.
Boriskina, Svetlana V. (2014). "Exceeding the solar cell Shockley–Queisser limit via thermal up-conversion of low-energy photons". Optics Communications. 314: 71–78. arXiv:1310.5570. Bibcode:2014OptCo.314...71B. doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2013.10.042. hdl:1721.1/110465. S2CID 33141699.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

William Shockley; Hans J. Queisser (March 1961). "Detailed Balance Limit of Efficiency of p-n Junction Solar Cells" (PDF). Journal of Applied Physics. 32 (3): 510–519. Bibcode:1961JAP....32..510S. doi:10.1063/1.1736034.
S. Rühle (2016). "Tabulated values of the Shockley–Queisser limit for single junction solar cells". Solar Energy. 130: 139–147. Bibcode:2016SoEn..130..139R. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2016.02.015.
A. De Vos & H. Pauwels (1981). "On the Thermodynamic Limit of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion". Appl. Phys. 25 (2): 119–125. Bibcode:1981ApPhy..25..119D. doi:10.1007/BF00901283. S2CID 119693148.
De Vos, A. (1980). "Detailed balance limit of the efficiency of tandem solar cells". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 13 (5): 839–846. Bibcode:1980JPhD...13..839D. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/13/5/018. S2CID 250782402.
A. De Vos & H. Pauwels (1981). "On the Thermodynamic Limit of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion". Appl. Phys. 25 (2): 119–125. Bibcode:1981ApPhy..25..119D. doi:10.1007/BF00901283. S2CID 119693148.
W. Ruppel; P. Würfel (1980). "Upper limit for the conversion of solar energy". IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. 27 (4): 877. Bibcode:1980ITED...27..877R. doi:10.1109/T-ED.1980.19950. S2CID 23600093. This paper finds the same open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current as de Vos and Pauwels, but does not give the correct function for $I (V)$ .
P. Lautenschlager, M. Garriga, L. Vina, M. Cardona (1987). "Temperature dependence of the dielectric function and interband critical points in silicon". Phys. Rev. B. 36 (9): 4821–4830. Bibcode:1987PhRvB..36.4821L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.36.4821. PMID 9943498.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Krogstrup, Peter; Jørgensen, Henrik Ingerslev; Heiss, Martin; Demichel, Olivier; Holm, Jeppe V.; Aagesen, Martin; Nygard, Jesper; Fontcuberta i Morral, Anna (24 March 2013). "Single-nanowire solar cells beyond the Shockley–Queisser limit". Nature Photonics. 7 (4): 306–310. arXiv:1301.1068. Bibcode:2013NaPho...7..306K. doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.32. S2CID 6096888.
Brown, Andrew S.; Green, Martin A. (2002). "Impurity photovoltaic effect: Fundamental energy conversion efficiency limits". Journal of Applied Physics. 92 (3): 1329. Bibcode:2002JAP....92.1329B. doi:10.1063/1.1492016.
Ekins-Daukes, N. J. (2003). "Photovoltaic efficiency enhancement through thermal up-conversion". Applied Physics Letters. 82 (12): 1974. Bibcode:2003ApPhL..82.1974E. doi:10.1063/1.1561159. S2CID 117441695.
Farrell, D. J. (2011). "A hot-carrier solar cell with optical energy selective contacts". Applied Physics Letters. 99 (11): 111102. Bibcode:2011ApPhL..99k1102F. doi:10.1063/1.3636401.
Boriskina, Svetlana V. (2014). "Exceeding the solar cell Shockley–Queisser limit via thermal up-conversion of low-energy photons". Optics Communications. 314: 71–78. arXiv:1310.5570. Bibcode:2014OptCo.314...71B. doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2013.10.042. hdl:1721.1/110465. S2CID 33141699.
Semonin, O. E. (2011). "Peak External Photocurrent Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 100% via MEG in a Quantum Dot Solar Cell". Science. 334 (6062): 1530–1533. Bibcode:2011Sci...334.1530S. doi:10.1126/science.1209845. PMID 22174246. S2CID 36022754.
Ehrler, B. (2012). "Singlet Exciton Fission-Sensitized Infrared Quantum Dot Solar Cells". Nano Letters. 12 (2): 1053–1057. Bibcode:2012NanoL..12.1053E. doi:10.1021/nl204297u. PMID 22257168.
Congreve, D. N. (2013). "External Quantum Efficiency Above 100% in a Singlet-Exciton-Fission–Based Organic Photovoltaic Cell". Science. 340 (6130): 334–337. Bibcode:2013Sci...340..334C. doi:10.1126/science.1232994. PMID 23599489. S2CID 46185590.
P. Werner; K. Held & M. Eckstein (2014). "Role of impact ionization in the thermalization of photoexcited Mott insulators". Phys. Rev. B. 90 (23): 235102. arXiv:1408.3425. Bibcode:2014PhRvB..90w5102W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.90.235102. S2CID 53387271.
Harder, Nils-Peter; Würfel, Peter (2003). "Theoretical limits of thermophotovoltaic solar energy conversion". Semiconductor Science and Technology. 18 (5): S151–S157. Bibcode:2003SeScT..18S.151H. doi:10.1088/0268-1242/18/5/303. S2CID 250841378.

iitb.ac.in

ese.iitb.ac.in

C. S. Solanki and G. Beaucarne, "Advanced Solar Cell Concepts"^{[permanent dead link‍]}, Interuniversity Microelectronics Center, Belgium

iop.org

Harder, Nils-Peter; Würfel, Peter (2003). "Theoretical limits of thermophotovoltaic solar energy conversion". Semiconductor Science and Technology. 18 (5): S151–S157. Bibcode:2003SeScT..18S.151H. doi:10.1088/0268-1242/18/5/303. S2CID 250841378.

mit.edu

web.mit.edu

Elizabeth A. Thomson, "MIT opens new 'window' on solar energy", MIT News, 10 July 2008

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

P. Lautenschlager, M. Garriga, L. Vina, M. Cardona (1987). "Temperature dependence of the dielectric function and interband critical points in silicon". Phys. Rev. B. 36 (9): 4821–4830. Bibcode:1987PhRvB..36.4821L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.36.4821. PMID 9943498.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Semonin, O. E. (2011). "Peak External Photocurrent Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 100% via MEG in a Quantum Dot Solar Cell". Science. 334 (6062): 1530–1533. Bibcode:2011Sci...334.1530S. doi:10.1126/science.1209845. PMID 22174246. S2CID 36022754.
Ehrler, B. (2012). "Singlet Exciton Fission-Sensitized Infrared Quantum Dot Solar Cells". Nano Letters. 12 (2): 1053–1057. Bibcode:2012NanoL..12.1053E. doi:10.1021/nl204297u. PMID 22257168.
Congreve, D. N. (2013). "External Quantum Efficiency Above 100% in a Singlet-Exciton-Fission–Based Organic Photovoltaic Cell". Science. 340 (6130): 334–337. Bibcode:2013Sci...340..334C. doi:10.1126/science.1232994. PMID 23599489. S2CID 46185590.

nrel.gov

A. J. Nozik, "Quantum Dot Solar Cells", National Renewable Energy Laboratory, October 2001

osa-opn.org

Jalali, Bahram; Fathpour, Sasan; Tsia, Kevin (2009). "Green Silicon Photonics". Optics and Photonics News. 20 (6): 18. doi:10.1364/OPN.20.6.000018. hdl:10722/124710.

sandia.gov

energy.sandia.gov

"Microsystems Enabled Photovoltaics, Sandia National Laboratories". Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.

science.org

Semonin, O. E. (2011). "Peak External Photocurrent Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 100% via MEG in a Quantum Dot Solar Cell". Science. 334 (6062): 1530–1533. Bibcode:2011Sci...334.1530S. doi:10.1126/science.1209845. PMID 22174246. S2CID 36022754.
Congreve, D. N. (2013). "External Quantum Efficiency Above 100% in a Singlet-Exciton-Fission–Based Organic Photovoltaic Cell". Science. 340 (6130): 334–337. Bibcode:2013Sci...340..334C. doi:10.1126/science.1232994. PMID 23599489. S2CID 46185590.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

A. De Vos & H. Pauwels (1981). "On the Thermodynamic Limit of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion". Appl. Phys. 25 (2): 119–125. Bibcode:1981ApPhy..25..119D. doi:10.1007/BF00901283. S2CID 119693148.
De Vos, A. (1980). "Detailed balance limit of the efficiency of tandem solar cells". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 13 (5): 839–846. Bibcode:1980JPhD...13..839D. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/13/5/018. S2CID 250782402.
A. De Vos & H. Pauwels (1981). "On the Thermodynamic Limit of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion". Appl. Phys. 25 (2): 119–125. Bibcode:1981ApPhy..25..119D. doi:10.1007/BF00901283. S2CID 119693148.
W. Ruppel; P. Würfel (1980). "Upper limit for the conversion of solar energy". IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. 27 (4): 877. Bibcode:1980ITED...27..877R. doi:10.1109/T-ED.1980.19950. S2CID 23600093. This paper finds the same open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current as de Vos and Pauwels, but does not give the correct function for $I (V)$ .
A. Richter; M. Hermle; S.W. Glunz (October 2013). "Reassessment of the limiting efficiency for crystalline silicon solar cells". IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. 3 (4): 1184–1191. doi:10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2270351. S2CID 6013813.
B. Ozdemir, V. Barone (2020). "Thickness dependence of solar cell efficiency in transition metal dichalcogenides MX2 (M: Mo, W; X: S, Se, Te)". Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 212: 110557. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110557. hdl:11693/75812. S2CID 216528272.
Krogstrup, Peter; Jørgensen, Henrik Ingerslev; Heiss, Martin; Demichel, Olivier; Holm, Jeppe V.; Aagesen, Martin; Nygard, Jesper; Fontcuberta i Morral, Anna (24 March 2013). "Single-nanowire solar cells beyond the Shockley–Queisser limit". Nature Photonics. 7 (4): 306–310. arXiv:1301.1068. Bibcode:2013NaPho...7..306K. doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.32. S2CID 6096888.
Ekins-Daukes, N. J. (2003). "Photovoltaic efficiency enhancement through thermal up-conversion". Applied Physics Letters. 82 (12): 1974. Bibcode:2003ApPhL..82.1974E. doi:10.1063/1.1561159. S2CID 117441695.
Boriskina, Svetlana V. (2014). "Exceeding the solar cell Shockley–Queisser limit via thermal up-conversion of low-energy photons". Optics Communications. 314: 71–78. arXiv:1310.5570. Bibcode:2014OptCo.314...71B. doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2013.10.042. hdl:1721.1/110465. S2CID 33141699.
Semonin, O. E. (2011). "Peak External Photocurrent Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 100% via MEG in a Quantum Dot Solar Cell". Science. 334 (6062): 1530–1533. Bibcode:2011Sci...334.1530S. doi:10.1126/science.1209845. PMID 22174246. S2CID 36022754.
Congreve, D. N. (2013). "External Quantum Efficiency Above 100% in a Singlet-Exciton-Fission–Based Organic Photovoltaic Cell". Science. 340 (6130): 334–337. Bibcode:2013Sci...340..334C. doi:10.1126/science.1232994. PMID 23599489. S2CID 46185590.
P. Werner; K. Held & M. Eckstein (2014). "Role of impact ionization in the thermalization of photoexcited Mott insulators". Phys. Rev. B. 90 (23): 235102. arXiv:1408.3425. Bibcode:2014PhRvB..90w5102W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.90.235102. S2CID 53387271.
Harder, Nils-Peter; Würfel, Peter (2003). "Theoretical limits of thermophotovoltaic solar energy conversion". Semiconductor Science and Technology. 18 (5): S151–S157. Bibcode:2003SeScT..18S.151H. doi:10.1088/0268-1242/18/5/303. S2CID 250841378.

sjbyrnes.com

Byrnes, Steven. "The Shockley-Queisser limit". Retrieved 10 March 2016.

solarindustrymag.com

Staff, S. I. (14 November 2008). "Sunovia, EPIR Demonstrate Optical Down-Conversion For Solar Cells".

soton.ac.uk

eprints.soton.ac.uk

Kittidachachan, Pattareeya; Danos, Lefteris; Meyer, Thomas J. J.; Alderman, Nicolas; Markvart, Tom (19 December 2007). "Photon Collection Efficiency of Fluorescent Solar Collectors" (PDF). CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry. 61 (12): 780–786. doi:10.2533/chimia.2007.780.

specmat.com

"Photovoltaic Cells (Solar Cells), How They Work". specmat.com. Archived from the original on 18 May 2007. Retrieved 2 May 2007.

stanford.edu

gcep.stanford.edu

Gavin Conibeer et al., "Hot Carrier Solar Cell: Implementation of the Ultimate Photovoltaic Converter", Global Climate & Energy Project, Stanford University, September 2008

ulb.ac.be

metronu.ulb.ac.be

William Shockley; Hans J. Queisser (March 1961). "Detailed Balance Limit of Efficiency of p-n Junction Solar Cells" (PDF). Journal of Applied Physics. 32 (3): 510–519. Bibcode:1961JAP....32..510S. doi:10.1063/1.1736034.

web.archive.org

"Photovoltaic Cells (Solar Cells), How They Work". specmat.com. Archived from the original on 18 May 2007. Retrieved 2 May 2007.
"Microsystems Enabled Photovoltaics, Sandia National Laboratories". Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.