Shoulder (English Wikipedia)

Favard, Luc; Bacle, Guillaume; Berhouet, Julien (2007). "Rotator cuff repair". Joint Bone Spine. 74 (6): 551–7. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2007.08.003. PMID 17993287.
Matava, M. J.; Purcell, D. B.; Rudzki, J. R. (2005). "Partial-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears". American Journal of Sports Medicine. 33 (9): 1405–17. doi:10.1177/0363546505280213. PMID 16127127. S2CID 29959313.
Hedtmann, A.; Heers, G. (2007). "Bildgebende Verfahren bei Rotatorenmanschettendefekten der Schulter" [Imaging techniques for rotator cuff of the shoulder]. Der Orthopäde (in German). 36 (9): 796–809. doi:10.1007/s00132-007-1138-8. PMID 17713757.
Kissin, Eugene Y.; Nishio, Jane; Yang, Mei; Backhaus, Marina; Balint, Peter V.; Bruyn, George AW.; Craig-Muller, Jurgen; d'Agostino, Maria A.; Feoktistov, Alexander; Goyal, Janak; Iagnocco, Annamaria; Ike, Robert W.; Moller, Ingrid; Naredo, Esperanza; Pineda, Carlos; Schmidt, Wolfgang A.; Swen, Nanno; Tabechian, Darren; Wakefield, Richard J.; Wells, Alvin F.; Kaeley, Gurjit S. (2010). "Self directed learning of basic musculoskeletal ultrasound among rheumatologists in the United States". Arthritis Care & Research. 62 (2): 155–60. doi:10.1002/acr.20063. hdl:2318/1613112. PMID 20191513. S2CID 6868647.
Allen, G.M; Wilson, D.J (2001). "Ultrasound of the shoulder". European Journal of Ultrasound. 14 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1016/S0929-8266(01)00140-9. PMID 11567849.
Middleton, WD; Edelstein, G; Reinus, WR; Melson, GL; Totty, WG; Murphy, WA (1985). "Sonographic detection of rotator cuff tears". American Journal of Roentgenology. 144 (2): 349–53. doi:10.2214/ajr.144.2.349. PMID 3880983.
Middleton, W. D.; Reinus, W. R.; Totty, W. G.; Melson, C. L.; Murphy, W. A. (1986). "Ultrasonographic evaluation of the rotator cuff and biceps tendon". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 68 (3): 440–50. doi:10.2106/00004623-198668030-00020. PMID 3512571.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Crass, J. R.; Craig, E. V.; Feinberg, S. B. (1988). "Ultrasonography of rotator cuff tears: A review of 500 diagnostic studies". Journal of Clinical Ultrasound. 16 (5): 313–27. doi:10.1002/jcu.1870160506. PMID 3152389. S2CID 22480015.
Mack, L. A.; Gannon, M. K.; Kilcoyne, R. F.; Matsen Ra, 3rd (1988). "Sonographic evaluation of the rotator cuff. Accuracy in patients without prior surgery". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (234): 21–7. doi:10.1097/00003086-198809000-00005. PMID 3044661. S2CID 22544061.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Middleton, W. D.; Edelstein, G; Reinus, W. R.; Melson, G. L.; Murphy, W. A. (1984). "Ultrasonography of the rotator cuff: Technique and normal anatomy". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 3 (12): 549–51. doi:10.7863/jum.1984.3.12.549. PMID 6392585. S2CID 7231393.
Middleton, WD; Reinus, WR; Melson, GL; Totty, WG; Murphy, WA (1986). "Pitfalls of rotator cuff sonography". American Journal of Roentgenology. 146 (3): 555–60. doi:10.2214/ajr.146.3.555. PMID 3511639.
Arend, Carlos Frederico (2013). "Top ten pitfalls to avoid when performing musculoskeletal sonography: What you should know before entering the examination room". European Journal of Radiology. 82 (11): 1933–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.01.022. PMID 23478008.
Trattnig, S.; Mamisch, T. C.; Noebauer, I. (2006). "Hochfeld- und Ultrahochfeldmagnetresonanztomographie" [High-field and ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging]. Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie (in German). 65 (8): 681–7. doi:10.1007/s00393-006-0121-9. PMID 17106667.
Romaneehsen, B.; Kreitner, K.-F. (2005). "MRT-Bildgebung bei Sehnenerkrankungen" [MRI imaging of tendon disorders]. Der Orthopäde (in German). 34 (6): 543–9. doi:10.1007/s00132-005-0809-6. PMID 15905994. S2CID 31680316.
Seeger, L. L.; Lubowitz, J; Thomas, B. J. (1993). "Case report 815: Tear of the rotator interval". Skeletal Radiology. 22 (8): 615–7. doi:10.1007/BF00197147. PMID 8291016. S2CID 35097650.
Weishaupt, D; Zanetti, M; Tanner, A; Gerber, C; Hodler, J (1999). "Lesions of the reflection pulley of the long biceps tendon. MR arthrographic findings". Investigative Radiology. 34 (7): 463–9. doi:10.1097/00004424-199907000-00004. PMID 10399636.
Palmer, W E; Brown, J H; Rosenthal, D I (1993). "Rotator cuff: Evaluation with fat-suppressed MR arthrography". Radiology. 188 (3): 683–7. doi:10.1148/radiology.188.3.8351333. PMID 8351333.
Preuschoft, Holger; Hohn, Bianca; Scherf, Heike; Schmidt, Manuela; Krause, Cornelia; Witzel, Ulrich (2010). "Functional Analysis of the Primate Shoulder". International Journal of Primatology. 31 (2): 301–320. doi:10.1007/s10764-010-9399-1. PMC 2860095. PMID 20495602.

ehealthstar.com

Modric, Jan (22 April 2016). "Shoulder Muscles Functions". ehealthstar.com. Retrieved 11 April 2017.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Kissin, Eugene Y.; Nishio, Jane; Yang, Mei; Backhaus, Marina; Balint, Peter V.; Bruyn, George AW.; Craig-Muller, Jurgen; d'Agostino, Maria A.; Feoktistov, Alexander; Goyal, Janak; Iagnocco, Annamaria; Ike, Robert W.; Moller, Ingrid; Naredo, Esperanza; Pineda, Carlos; Schmidt, Wolfgang A.; Swen, Nanno; Tabechian, Darren; Wakefield, Richard J.; Wells, Alvin F.; Kaeley, Gurjit S. (2010). "Self directed learning of basic musculoskeletal ultrasound among rheumatologists in the United States". Arthritis Care & Research. 62 (2): 155–60. doi:10.1002/acr.20063. hdl:2318/1613112. PMID 20191513. S2CID 6868647.

hopkinsortho.org

"labrum tear". Johns Hopkins Orthopaedic Surgery. Archived from the original on 2011-11-20. Retrieved 2010-05-16.

jbjs.org

Middleton, W. D.; Reinus, W. R.; Totty, W. G.; Melson, C. L.; Murphy, W. A. (1986). "Ultrasonographic evaluation of the rotator cuff and biceps tendon". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 68 (3): 440–50. doi:10.2106/00004623-198668030-00020. PMID 3512571.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

jultrasoundmed.org

Middleton, W. D.; Edelstein, G; Reinus, W. R.; Melson, G. L.; Murphy, W. A. (1984). "Ultrasonography of the rotator cuff: Technique and normal anatomy". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 3 (12): 549–51. doi:10.7863/jum.1984.3.12.549. PMID 6392585. S2CID 7231393.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Favard, Luc; Bacle, Guillaume; Berhouet, Julien (2007). "Rotator cuff repair". Joint Bone Spine. 74 (6): 551–7. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2007.08.003. PMID 17993287.
Matava, M. J.; Purcell, D. B.; Rudzki, J. R. (2005). "Partial-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears". American Journal of Sports Medicine. 33 (9): 1405–17. doi:10.1177/0363546505280213. PMID 16127127. S2CID 29959313.
Hedtmann, A.; Heers, G. (2007). "Bildgebende Verfahren bei Rotatorenmanschettendefekten der Schulter" [Imaging techniques for rotator cuff of the shoulder]. Der Orthopäde (in German). 36 (9): 796–809. doi:10.1007/s00132-007-1138-8. PMID 17713757.
Broadhurst, N. A.; Simmons, N (2007). "Musculoskeletal ultrasound - used to best advantage". Australian Family Physician. 36 (6): 430–2. PMID 17565399. Archived from the original on 2017-10-07. Retrieved 2015-05-05.
Kissin, Eugene Y.; Nishio, Jane; Yang, Mei; Backhaus, Marina; Balint, Peter V.; Bruyn, George AW.; Craig-Muller, Jurgen; d'Agostino, Maria A.; Feoktistov, Alexander; Goyal, Janak; Iagnocco, Annamaria; Ike, Robert W.; Moller, Ingrid; Naredo, Esperanza; Pineda, Carlos; Schmidt, Wolfgang A.; Swen, Nanno; Tabechian, Darren; Wakefield, Richard J.; Wells, Alvin F.; Kaeley, Gurjit S. (2010). "Self directed learning of basic musculoskeletal ultrasound among rheumatologists in the United States". Arthritis Care & Research. 62 (2): 155–60. doi:10.1002/acr.20063. hdl:2318/1613112. PMID 20191513. S2CID 6868647.
Allen, G.M; Wilson, D.J (2001). "Ultrasound of the shoulder". European Journal of Ultrasound. 14 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1016/S0929-8266(01)00140-9. PMID 11567849.
Middleton, WD; Edelstein, G; Reinus, WR; Melson, GL; Totty, WG; Murphy, WA (1985). "Sonographic detection of rotator cuff tears". American Journal of Roentgenology. 144 (2): 349–53. doi:10.2214/ajr.144.2.349. PMID 3880983.
Middleton, W. D.; Reinus, W. R.; Totty, W. G.; Melson, C. L.; Murphy, W. A. (1986). "Ultrasonographic evaluation of the rotator cuff and biceps tendon". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 68 (3): 440–50. doi:10.2106/00004623-198668030-00020. PMID 3512571.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Crass, J. R.; Craig, E. V.; Feinberg, S. B. (1988). "Ultrasonography of rotator cuff tears: A review of 500 diagnostic studies". Journal of Clinical Ultrasound. 16 (5): 313–27. doi:10.1002/jcu.1870160506. PMID 3152389. S2CID 22480015.
Mack, L. A.; Gannon, M. K.; Kilcoyne, R. F.; Matsen Ra, 3rd (1988). "Sonographic evaluation of the rotator cuff. Accuracy in patients without prior surgery". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (234): 21–7. doi:10.1097/00003086-198809000-00005. PMID 3044661. S2CID 22544061.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Middleton, W. D.; Edelstein, G; Reinus, W. R.; Melson, G. L.; Murphy, W. A. (1984). "Ultrasonography of the rotator cuff: Technique and normal anatomy". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 3 (12): 549–51. doi:10.7863/jum.1984.3.12.549. PMID 6392585. S2CID 7231393.
Middleton, WD; Reinus, WR; Melson, GL; Totty, WG; Murphy, WA (1986). "Pitfalls of rotator cuff sonography". American Journal of Roentgenology. 146 (3): 555–60. doi:10.2214/ajr.146.3.555. PMID 3511639.
Arend, Carlos Frederico (2013). "Top ten pitfalls to avoid when performing musculoskeletal sonography: What you should know before entering the examination room". European Journal of Radiology. 82 (11): 1933–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.01.022. PMID 23478008.
Trattnig, S.; Mamisch, T. C.; Noebauer, I. (2006). "Hochfeld- und Ultrahochfeldmagnetresonanztomographie" [High-field and ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging]. Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie (in German). 65 (8): 681–7. doi:10.1007/s00393-006-0121-9. PMID 17106667.
Romaneehsen, B.; Kreitner, K.-F. (2005). "MRT-Bildgebung bei Sehnenerkrankungen" [MRI imaging of tendon disorders]. Der Orthopäde (in German). 34 (6): 543–9. doi:10.1007/s00132-005-0809-6. PMID 15905994. S2CID 31680316.
Seeger, L. L.; Lubowitz, J; Thomas, B. J. (1993). "Case report 815: Tear of the rotator interval". Skeletal Radiology. 22 (8): 615–7. doi:10.1007/BF00197147. PMID 8291016. S2CID 35097650.
Weishaupt, D; Zanetti, M; Tanner, A; Gerber, C; Hodler, J (1999). "Lesions of the reflection pulley of the long biceps tendon. MR arthrographic findings". Investigative Radiology. 34 (7): 463–9. doi:10.1097/00004424-199907000-00004. PMID 10399636.
Palmer, W E; Brown, J H; Rosenthal, D I (1993). "Rotator cuff: Evaluation with fat-suppressed MR arthrography". Radiology. 188 (3): 683–7. doi:10.1148/radiology.188.3.8351333. PMID 8351333.
Preuschoft, Holger; Hohn, Bianca; Scherf, Heike; Schmidt, Manuela; Krause, Cornelia; Witzel, Ulrich (2010). "Functional Analysis of the Primate Shoulder". International Journal of Primatology. 31 (2): 301–320. doi:10.1007/s10764-010-9399-1. PMC 2860095. PMID 20495602.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Preuschoft, Holger; Hohn, Bianca; Scherf, Heike; Schmidt, Manuela; Krause, Cornelia; Witzel, Ulrich (2010). "Functional Analysis of the Primate Shoulder". International Journal of Primatology. 31 (2): 301–320. doi:10.1007/s10764-010-9399-1. PMC 2860095. PMID 20495602.

orthoinfo.org

"Rotator Cuff Tears - OrthoInfo - AAOS". www.orthoinfo.org. Retrieved 2021-02-05.

oxforddictionaries.com

en.oxforddictionaries.com

"shoulder - definition of shoulder in English | Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on September 29, 2016. Retrieved 2016-11-04.

racgp.org.au

Broadhurst, N. A.; Simmons, N (2007). "Musculoskeletal ultrasound - used to best advantage". Australian Family Physician. 36 (6): 430–2. PMID 17565399. Archived from the original on 2017-10-07. Retrieved 2015-05-05.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Matava, M. J.; Purcell, D. B.; Rudzki, J. R. (2005). "Partial-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears". American Journal of Sports Medicine. 33 (9): 1405–17. doi:10.1177/0363546505280213. PMID 16127127. S2CID 29959313.
Kissin, Eugene Y.; Nishio, Jane; Yang, Mei; Backhaus, Marina; Balint, Peter V.; Bruyn, George AW.; Craig-Muller, Jurgen; d'Agostino, Maria A.; Feoktistov, Alexander; Goyal, Janak; Iagnocco, Annamaria; Ike, Robert W.; Moller, Ingrid; Naredo, Esperanza; Pineda, Carlos; Schmidt, Wolfgang A.; Swen, Nanno; Tabechian, Darren; Wakefield, Richard J.; Wells, Alvin F.; Kaeley, Gurjit S. (2010). "Self directed learning of basic musculoskeletal ultrasound among rheumatologists in the United States". Arthritis Care & Research. 62 (2): 155–60. doi:10.1002/acr.20063. hdl:2318/1613112. PMID 20191513. S2CID 6868647.
Crass, J. R.; Craig, E. V.; Feinberg, S. B. (1988). "Ultrasonography of rotator cuff tears: A review of 500 diagnostic studies". Journal of Clinical Ultrasound. 16 (5): 313–27. doi:10.1002/jcu.1870160506. PMID 3152389. S2CID 22480015.
Mack, L. A.; Gannon, M. K.; Kilcoyne, R. F.; Matsen Ra, 3rd (1988). "Sonographic evaluation of the rotator cuff. Accuracy in patients without prior surgery". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (234): 21–7. doi:10.1097/00003086-198809000-00005. PMID 3044661. S2CID 22544061.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Middleton, W. D.; Edelstein, G; Reinus, W. R.; Melson, G. L.; Murphy, W. A. (1984). "Ultrasonography of the rotator cuff: Technique and normal anatomy". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 3 (12): 549–51. doi:10.7863/jum.1984.3.12.549. PMID 6392585. S2CID 7231393.
Romaneehsen, B.; Kreitner, K.-F. (2005). "MRT-Bildgebung bei Sehnenerkrankungen" [MRI imaging of tendon disorders]. Der Orthopäde (in German). 34 (6): 543–9. doi:10.1007/s00132-005-0809-6. PMID 15905994. S2CID 31680316.
Seeger, L. L.; Lubowitz, J; Thomas, B. J. (1993). "Case report 815: Tear of the rotator interval". Skeletal Radiology. 22 (8): 615–7. doi:10.1007/BF00197147. PMID 8291016. S2CID 35097650.

shoulderus.com

Arend CF. Ultrasound of the Shoulder. Porto Alegre: Master Medical Books; 2013. Free access to sample chapter on ultrasound technique to evaluate rotator cuff disorders at ShoulderUS.com.

ssmhealth.com

"Rotator Cuff Injuries: Types, Diagnosis & Treatment | SSM Health". www.ssmhealth.com. Retrieved 2024-12-06.

thefreedictionary.com

medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com

"shoulder". The Free Dictionary.

uconn.edu

health.uconn.edu

Ballestrini, Christine (2017-07-27). "Shoulder | Orthopedics & Sports Medicine". Retrieved 2022-05-04.

umich.edu

med.umich.edu

"Movements of the Upper Limb — Introduction". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Archived from the original on 5 January 2018.
"Scapular Protraction and Retraction". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018.
"Scapular Elevation and Depression". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Archived from the original on 29 September 2017.
"Arm Abduction". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
"Arm Adduction". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
"Arm Flexion and Extension". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
"Arm Medial and Lateral Rotation". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
"Arm Circumduction". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

web.archive.org

"shoulder - definition of shoulder in English | Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on September 29, 2016. Retrieved 2016-11-04.
"labrum tear". Johns Hopkins Orthopaedic Surgery. Archived from the original on 2011-11-20. Retrieved 2010-05-16.
"Movements of the Upper Limb — Introduction". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Archived from the original on 5 January 2018.
"Scapular Protraction and Retraction". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018.
"Scapular Elevation and Depression". University of Michigan Medical School. 2002. Archived from the original on 29 September 2017.
Broadhurst, N. A.; Simmons, N (2007). "Musculoskeletal ultrasound - used to best advantage". Australian Family Physician. 36 (6): 430–2. PMID 17565399. Archived from the original on 2017-10-07. Retrieved 2015-05-05.