Silicon (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Silicon" in English language version.

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aapfco.org

"AAPFCO Board of Directors 2006 Mid-Year Meeting" (PDF). Association of American Plant Food Control Officials. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2012. Retrieved 2011-07-18. A presentation was made for Excell Minerals to recognize Silicon as a recognized plant nutrient

acs.org

pubs.acs.org

Muller, Richard (January 1965). "One hundred years of organosilicon chemistry". Journal of Chemical Education. 42 (1): 41. Bibcode:1965JChEd..42...41M. doi:10.1021/ed042p41. ISSN 0021-9584.

archive.org

In his table of the elements, Lavoisier listed five "salifiable earths", i.e., ores that could be made to react with acids to produce salts (salis = salt, in Latin): chaux (calcium oxide), magnésie (magnesia, magnesium oxide), baryte (barium sulfate), alumine (alumina, aluminium oxide), and silice (silica, silicon dioxide). About these "elements", Lavoisier speculates: "We are probably only acquainted as yet with a part of the metallic substances existing in nature, as all those which have a stronger affinity to oxygen than carbon possesses, are incapable, hitherto, of being reduced to a metallic state, and consequently, being only presented to our observation under the form of oxyds, are confounded with earths. It is extremely probable that barytes, which we have just now arranged with earths, is in this situation; for in many experiments it exhibits properties nearly approaching to those of metallic bodies. It is even possible that all the substances we call earths may be only metallic oxyds, irreducible by any hitherto known process." – from Lavoisier (1799). Elements of Chemistry. Translated by Robert Kerr (4 ed.). Edinburgh, Scotland: William Creec. p. 218. (The original passage appears in: Lavoisier (1789). Traité Élémentaire de Chimie. Vol. 1. Paris: Cuchet. p. 174.
Thomson, Thomas; Baldwin, Charles; Blackwood, William; Baldwin, Cradock; Bell & Bradfute, bookseller; Hodges & McArthur, bookseller (1817). A system of chemistry : in four volumes. University of Wisconsin - Madison. London : Printed for Baldwin, Craddock, and Joy, Paternoster-Row; William Blackwood, and Bell and Bradfute, Edinburgh; and Hodges and Macarthur, Dublin. p. 252.: "The base of silica has been usually considered as a metal, and called silicium. But as there is not the smallest evidence for its metallic nature, and as it bears a close resemblance to boron and carbon, it is better to class it along with these bodies, and to give it the name of silicon."
Thomson, Thomas; Baldwin, Charles; Blackwood, William; Baldwin, Cradock; Bell & Bradfute, bookseller; Hodges & McArthur, bookseller (1817). A system of chemistry : in four volumes. University of Wisconsin - Madison. London : Printed for Baldwin, Craddock, and Joy, Paternoster-Row; William Blackwood, and Bell and Bradfute, Edinburgh; and Hodges and Macarthur, Dublin. p. 252.: "The base of silica has been usually considered as a metal, and called silicium. But as there is not the smallest evidence for its metallic nature, and as it bears a close resemblance to boron and carbon, it is better to class it along with these bodies, and to give it the name of silicon."
Dabrowski, Jarek; Müssig, Hans-Joachim (2000). "1.2. The Silicon Age". Silicon Surfaces and Formation of Interfaces: Basic Science in the Industrial World. World Scientific. pp. 3–13. ISBN 978-981-02-3286-3.

arxiv.org

Lalmi, B.; Oughaddou, H.; Enriquez, H.; Kara, A.; Vizzini, S. B.; Ealet, B. N.; Aufray, B. (2010). "Epitaxial growth of a silicene sheet". Applied Physics Letters. 97 (22): 223109. arXiv:1204.0523. Bibcode:2010ApPhL..97v3109L. doi:10.1063/1.3524215. S2CID 118490651.
Vladimir E. Dmitrienko and Viacheslav A. Chizhikov (2020). "An infinite family of bc8-like metastable phases in silicon". Phys. Rev. B. 101 (24): 245203. arXiv:1912.10672. Bibcode:2020PhRvB.101x5203D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.101.245203. S2CID 209444444.
Seitenzahl, Ivo Rolf; Townsley, Dean M. (2017). "Nucleosynthesis in Thermonuclear Supernovae". Handbook of Supernovae. pp. 1955–1978. arXiv:1704.00415. Bibcode:2017hsn..book.1955S. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21846-5_87. ISBN 978-3-319-21845-8. S2CID 118993185.
Khokhlov, A. M.; Oran, E. S.; Wheeler, J. C. (April 1997). "Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition in Thermonuclear Supernovae". The Astrophysical Journal. 478 (2): 678–688. arXiv:astro-ph/9612226. Bibcode:1997ApJ...478..678K. doi:10.1086/303815. S2CID 53486905.

books.google.com

Eranna, Golla (2014). Crystal Growth and Evaluation of Silicon for VLSI and ULSI. CRC Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-4822-3281-3.
In his table of the elements, Lavoisier listed five "salifiable earths", i.e., ores that could be made to react with acids to produce salts (salis = salt, in Latin): chaux (calcium oxide), magnésie (magnesia, magnesium oxide), baryte (barium sulfate), alumine (alumina, aluminium oxide), and silice (silica, silicon dioxide). About these "elements", Lavoisier speculates: "We are probably only acquainted as yet with a part of the metallic substances existing in nature, as all those which have a stronger affinity to oxygen than carbon possesses, are incapable, hitherto, of being reduced to a metallic state, and consequently, being only presented to our observation under the form of oxyds, are confounded with earths. It is extremely probable that barytes, which we have just now arranged with earths, is in this situation; for in many experiments it exhibits properties nearly approaching to those of metallic bodies. It is even possible that all the substances we call earths may be only metallic oxyds, irreducible by any hitherto known process." – from Lavoisier (1799). Elements of Chemistry. Translated by Robert Kerr (4 ed.). Edinburgh, Scotland: William Creec. p. 218. (The original passage appears in: Lavoisier (1789). Traité Élémentaire de Chimie. Vol. 1. Paris: Cuchet. p. 174.
Davy, Humphry (1808). "Electro chemical researches, on the decomposition of the earths; with observations on the metals obtained from the alkaline earths, and on the amalgam procured from ammonia". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 98. W. Bowyer and J. Nichols: 333–370.. On p. 353 Davy coins the name "silicium" : "Had I been so fortunate as to have obtained more certain evidences on this subject, and to have procured the metallic substances I was in search of, I should have proposed for them the names of silicium [silicon], alumium [aluminium], zirconium, and glucium [beryllium]."
Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis; Thénard, Louis Jacques baron (1811). Recherches physico-chimiques, faites sur la pile: sur la préparation chimique et les propriétés du potassium et du sodium; sur la décomposition de l'acide boracique; sur les acides fluorique, muriatique et muriatique oxigéné; sur l'action chimique de la lumière; sur l'analyse végétale et animale, etc (in French). Deterville. pp. 313–314; vol. 2, pp. 55–65.
In 1854, Deville was trying to prepare aluminium from aluminium chloride that was heavily contaminated with silicon chloride. Deville used two methods to prepare aluminium: heating aluminium chloride with sodium metal in an inert atmosphere (of hydrogen); and melting aluminium chloride with sodium chloride and then electrolyzing the mixture. In both cases, pure silicon was produced: the silicon dissolved in the molten aluminium, but crystallized upon cooling. Dissolving the crude aluminium in hydrochloric acid revealed flakes of crystallized silicon. See: Henri Sainte-Claire Deville (1854) "Note sur deux procédés de préparation de l'aluminium et sur une nouvelle forme du silicium" (Note on two procedures for the preparation of aluminium and on a new form of silicon), Comptes rendus, 39: 321–326.
Subsequently, Deville obtained crystalline silicon by heating the chloride or fluoride of silicon with sodium metal, isolating the amorphous silicon, then melting the amorphous form with salt and heating the mixture until most of the salt evaporated. See: Sainte-Claire Deville, H. (1855). "Du silicium et du titane (On silicon and titanium)". Comptes rendus. 40: 1034–1036.
Bassett, Ross Knox (2007). To the Digital Age: Research Labs, Start-up Companies, and the Rise of MOS Technology. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-0-8018-8639-3.
Saxena, A. (2009). Invention of integrated circuits: untold important facts. International series on advances in solid state electronics and technology. World Scientific. pp. 96–97. ISBN 978-981-281-445-6.^{[permanent dead link]}
Feldman, Leonard C. (2001). "Introduction". Fundamental Aspects of Silicon Oxidation. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 1–11. ISBN 978-3-540-41682-1.
Dabrowski, Jarek; Müssig, Hans-Joachim (2000). "1.2. The Silicon Age". Silicon Surfaces and Formation of Interfaces: Basic Science in the Industrial World. World Scientific. pp. 3–13. ISBN 978-981-02-3286-3.
Siffert, Paul; Krimmel, Eberhard (2013). "Preface". Silicon: Evolution and Future of a Technology. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3-662-09897-4.
Walsh, Tim (2005). "Silly Putty". Timeless toys: classic toys and the playmakers who created them. Andrews McMeel Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7407-5571-2.
Jane A. Plant; Nick Voulvoulis; K. Vala Ragnarsdottir (2012). Pollutants, Human Health and the Environment: A Risk Based Approach. Vol. 26. John Wiley & Sons. p. 273. Bibcode:2011ApGC...26S.238P. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.113. ISBN 978-0-470-74261-7. Retrieved 24 August 2012. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)

britannica.com

"Silicon". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 August 2019.

cdc.gov

"CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards – Silicon". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2015-11-21.

chemistryviews.org

"New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound". Chemistry Europe. 27 August 2016.

ciaaw.org

"Standard Atomic Weights: Silicon". CIAAW. 2009.

computerhistory.org

"Timeline". The Silicon Engine. Computer History Museum. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
"1901: Semiconductor Rectifiers Patented as "Cat's Whisker" Detectors". The Silicon Engine. Computer History Museum. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
"1947: Invention of the Point-Contact Transistor". The Silicon Engine. Computer History Museum. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
"1954: Morris Tanenbaum fabricates the first silicon transistor at Bell Labs". The Silicon Engine. Computer History Museum. Retrieved 23 August 2019.

degruyter.com

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

diecasting.org

Apelian, D. (2009). "Aluminum Cast Alloys: Enabling Tools for Improved Performance" (PDF). Wheeling, Illinois: North American Die Casting Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-06.

docs.google.com

Miranda, Stephen R.; Barker, Bruce (August 4, 2009). "Silicon: Summary of Extraction Methods". Harsco Minerals. Archived from the original on November 12, 2012. Retrieved 2011-07-18.

doi.org

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
Ram, R. S.; et al. (1998). "Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the A2D–X2P Transition of SiH and SiD" (PDF). J. Mol. Spectr. 190 (2): 341–352. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1998.7582. PMID 9668026.
Hopcroft, Matthew A.; Nix, William D.; Kenny, Thomas W. (2010). "What is the Young's Modulus of Silicon?". Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems. 19 (2): 229. doi:10.1109/JMEMS.2009.2039697.
Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). "The discovery of the elements: XII. Other elements isolated with the aid of potassium and sodium: beryllium, boron, silicon, and aluminum". Journal of Chemical Education. 9 (8): 1386–1412. Bibcode:1932JChEd...9.1386W. doi:10.1021/ed009p1386.
Voronkov, M. G. (2007). "Silicon era". Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 80 (12): 2190. doi:10.1134/S1070427207120397.
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
Nabil, Marwa; Elnouby, Mohamed; Al-Askar, Abdulaziz A.; Kowalczewski, Przemysław Łukasz; Abdelkhalek, Ahmed; Behiry, Said I. (2024). "Porous silicon nanostructures: Synthesis, characterization, and their antifungal activity". Open Chemistry. 22 (1). doi:10.1515/chem-2023-0169.
Kamal 2022 Kamal, Kamal Y. (2022). "The Silicon Age: Trends in Semiconductor Devices Industry" (PDF). Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review. 15 (1): 110–5. doi:10.25103/jestr.151.14. S2CID 249074588.
Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). "The discovery of the elements: XII. Other elements isolated with the aid of potassium and sodium: beryllium, boron, silicon, and aluminum". Journal of Chemical Education. 9 (8): 1386–1412. Bibcode:1932JChEd...9.1386W. doi:10.1021/ed009p1386.
Voronkov, M.G. (2007). "Silicon era". Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 80 (12): 2190. doi:10.1134/S1070427207120397. S2CID 195240638.
Kipping, Frederic Stanley (1937-03-01). "The bakerian lecture organic derivatives of silicon". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A. 159 (896): 139–148. Bibcode:1937RSPSA.159..139K. doi:10.1098/rspa.1937.0063.
Muller, Richard (January 1965). "One hundred years of organosilicon chemistry". Journal of Chemical Education. 42 (1): 41. Bibcode:1965JChEd..42...41M. doi:10.1021/ed042p41. ISSN 0021-9584.
Aufray, B.; Kara, A.; Vizzini, S. B.; Oughaddou, H.; LéAndri, C.; Ealet, B.; Le Lay, G. (2010). "Graphene-like silicon nanoribbons on Ag(110): A possible formation of silicene". Applied Physics Letters. 96 (18): 183102. Bibcode:2010ApPhL..96r3102A. doi:10.1063/1.3419932.
Lalmi, B.; Oughaddou, H.; Enriquez, H.; Kara, A.; Vizzini, S. B.; Ealet, B. N.; Aufray, B. (2010). "Epitaxial growth of a silicene sheet". Applied Physics Letters. 97 (22): 223109. arXiv:1204.0523. Bibcode:2010ApPhL..97v3109L. doi:10.1063/1.3524215. S2CID 118490651.
Vladimir E. Dmitrienko and Viacheslav A. Chizhikov (2020). "An infinite family of bc8-like metastable phases in silicon". Phys. Rev. B. 101 (24): 245203. arXiv:1912.10672. Bibcode:2020PhRvB.101x5203D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.101.245203. S2CID 209444444.
Audi, G.; Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S. (2017). "The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 41 (3): 030001. Bibcode:2017ChPhC..41c0001A. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001.
Seitenzahl, Ivo Rolf; Townsley, Dean M. (2017). "Nucleosynthesis in Thermonuclear Supernovae". Handbook of Supernovae. pp. 1955–1978. arXiv:1704.00415. Bibcode:2017hsn..book.1955S. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21846-5_87. ISBN 978-3-319-21845-8. S2CID 118993185.
Khokhlov, A. M.; Oran, E. S.; Wheeler, J. C. (April 1997). "Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition in Thermonuclear Supernovae". The Astrophysical Journal. 478 (2): 678–688. arXiv:astro-ph/9612226. Bibcode:1997ApJ...478..678K. doi:10.1086/303815. S2CID 53486905.
Cameron, A.G.W. (1973). "Abundance of the Elements in the Solar System" (PDF). Space Science Reviews. 15 (1): 121–146. Bibcode:1973SSRv...15..121C. doi:10.1007/BF00172440. S2CID 120201972. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-21.
Reynolds, B. C. (June 2009). "Modeling the modern marine δ 30 Si distribution: MODELING THE MODERN MARINE δ 30 Si DISTRIBUTION". Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 23 (2): 1–13. doi:10.1029/2008GB003266. S2CID 128652214.
Stapf, André; Gondek, Christoph; Kroke, Edwin; Roewer, Gerhard (2019), Yang, Deren (ed.), "Wafer Cleaning, Etching, and Texturization", Handbook of Photovoltaic Silicon, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 311–358, doi:10.1007/978-3-662-56472-1_17, ISBN 978-3-662-56471-4, S2CID 226945433, retrieved 2021-03-07
Kaupp, Martin (1 December 2006). "The role of radial nodes of atomic orbitals for chemical bonding and the periodic table" (PDF). Journal of Computational Chemistry. 28 (1): 320–325. doi:10.1002/jcc.20522. PMID 17143872. S2CID 12677737. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
Kaupp, Martin (2007). "The role of radial nodes of atomic orbitals for chemical bonding and the periodic table". Journal of Computational Chemistry. 28 (1): 320–325. doi:10.1002/jcc.20522. ISSN 0192-8651. PMID 17143872.
Tréguer, Paul J.; De La Rocha, Christina L. (3 January 2013). "The World Ocean Silica Cycle". Annual Review of Marine Science. 5 (1): 477–501. doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-121211-172346. PMID 22809182.
Zulehner, Neuer & Rau, p. 574 Zulehner, Werner; Neuer, Bernd; Rau, Gerhard. "Silicon". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_721. ISBN 978-3527306732.
Kamali, A.R. (2019). "Ultra-fast shock-wave combustion synthesis of nanostructured silicon from sand with excellent Li storage performance". Sustainable Energy & Fuels. 3 (6): 1396–1405. doi:10.1039/C9SE00046A. S2CID 139986478.
Koch, E.C.; Clement, D. (2007). "Special Materials in Pyrotechnics: VI. Silicon – An Old Fuel with New Perspectives". Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics. 32 (3): 205. doi:10.1002/prep.200700021.
Zulehner, Neuer & Rau, p. 590 Zulehner, Werner; Neuer, Bernd; Rau, Gerhard. "Silicon". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_721. ISBN 978-3527306732.
Zulehner, Neuer & Rau, p. 573 Zulehner, Werner; Neuer, Bernd; Rau, Gerhard. "Silicon". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_721. ISBN 978-3527306732.
Dekker, R; Usechak, N; Först, M; Driessen, A (2008). "Ultrafast nonlinear all-optical processes in silicon-on-insulator waveguides" (PDF). Journal of Physics D. 40 (14): R249–R271. Bibcode:2007JPhD...40..249D. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/40/14/r01. S2CID 123008652. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-04-16. Retrieved 2024-04-15.
Clark, Rhett J.; Aghajamali, Maryam; Gonzalez, Christina M.; Hadidi, Lida; Islam, Muhammad Amirul; Javadi, Morteza; Mobarok, Md Hosnay; Purkait, Tapas K.; Robidillo, Christopher Jay T.; Sinelnikov, Regina; Thiessen, Alyxandra N. (2017-01-10). "From Hydrogen Silsesquioxane to Functionalized Silicon Nanocrystals". Chemistry of Materials. 29 (1): 80–89. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02667. ISSN 0897-4756.
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Lim, Cheol Hong; Han, Jeong-Hee; Cho, Hae-Won; Kang, Mingu (2014). "Studies on the Toxicity and Distribution of Indium Compounds According to Particle Size in Sprague-Dawley Rats". Toxicological Research. 30 (1): 55–63. Bibcode:2014ToxRe..30...55L. doi:10.5487/TR.2014.30.1.055. ISSN 1976-8257. PMC 4007045. PMID 24795801.
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Nguyen, An; Gonzalez, Christina M; Sinelnikov, Regina; Newman, W; Sun, Sarah; Lockwood, Ross; Veinot, Jonathan G C; Meldrum, Al (2016-02-10). "Detection of nitroaromatics in the solid, solution, and vapor phases using silicon quantum dot sensors". Nanotechnology. 27 (10): 105501. Bibcode:2016Nanot..27j5501N. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/27/10/105501. ISSN 0957-4484. PMID 26863492. S2CID 24292648.
Gonzalez, Christina M.; Veinot, Jonathan G. C. (2016-06-02). "Silicon nanocrystals for the development of sensing platforms". Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 4 (22): 4836–4846. doi:10.1039/C6TC01159D. ISSN 2050-7534.
Yue, Zhao; Lisdat, Fred; Parak, Wolfgang J.; Hickey, Stephen G.; Tu, Liping; Sabir, Nadeem; Dorfs, Dirk; Bigall, Nadja C. (2013-04-24). "Quantum-Dot-Based Photoelectrochemical Sensors for Chemical and Biological Detection". ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 5 (8): 2800–2814. doi:10.1021/am3028662. ISSN 1944-8244. PMID 23547912.
Kim, Sang Gyu; Kim, Ki Woo; Park, Eun Woo; Choi, Doil (2002). "Silicon-Induced Cell Wall Fortification of Rice Leaves: A Possible Cellular Mechanism of Enhanced Host Resistance to Blast". Phytopathology. 92 (10): 1095–103. doi:10.1094/PHYTO.2002.92.10.1095. PMID 18944220.
Epstein, Emanuel (1999). "SILICON". Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology. 50: 641–664. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.641. PMID 15012222.
Leroy, Nicolas; de Tombeur, Felix; Walgraffe, Yseult; Cornelis, Jean-Thomas; Verheggen, Francois (23 October 2019). "Silicon and plant natural defenses against insect pests: impact on plant volatile organic compounds and cascade effects on multitrophic interactions". Plants. 8 (444): 444. doi:10.3390/plants8110444. PMC 6918431. PMID 31652861.
Exley, C. (1998). "Silicon in life:A bioinorganic solution to bioorganic essentiality". Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry. 69 (3): 139–144. doi:10.1016/S0162-0134(97)10010-1.
Bidle, Kay D.; Manganelli, Maura; Azam, Farooq (2002-12-06). "Regulation of Oceanic Silicon and Carbon Preservation by Temperature Control on Bacteria". Science. 298 (5600): 1980–1984. Bibcode:2002Sci...298.1980B. doi:10.1126/science.1076076. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 12471255. S2CID 216994.
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