Skylon (spacecraft) (English Wikipedia)

Davies, Hempsell & Varville 2015, p. 8. Davies, Philippa; Hempsell, Mark; Varville, Richard (2015). Progress on SKYLON and SABRE. 66th International Astronautical Congress. IAC-15-D2.1.8. IAC-15,D2,1,8,x31601

nasaspaceflight.com

forum.nasaspaceflight.com

Davies, Hempsell & Varville 2015, p. 8. Davies, Philippa; Hempsell, Mark; Varville, Richard (2015). Progress on SKYLON and SABRE. 66th International Astronautical Congress. IAC-15-D2.1.8. IAC-15,D2,1,8,x31601

newatlas.com

"Reaction begins testing Mach 4 jet engine upgrades for US Air Force". NewAtlas. Retrieved 8 November 2022.

nextbigfuture.com

Wang, Brian. "Progress to the Skylon Single Stage to Orbit Spaceplane for 2019." Next Big Future, 31 January 2009.

olemiss.edu

spacelaw.olemiss.edu

"Reusable Launch Vehicle Programs and Concepts" (PDF). Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation (AST). January 1998. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2017.

parabolicarc.com

"Reaction Engines Celebrates 20 Years, Looks Forward to Success with Skylon". Parabolic Arc. 26 August 2009.

parliament.uk

publications.parliament.uk

"Written evidence from Reaction Engines Limited". Rebalancing the Economy: Trade and Investment – Business, Innovation and Skills Committee. UK Parliament. January 2011. Archived from the original on 2 February 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
"Memorandum submitted by the Association of Aerospace Universities". Parliament of the United Kingdom. 2000.

phys.org

"The rocket that thinks it's a jet". Phys.org. 19 February 2009. Retrieved 13 November 2020.

projectstern.co.uk

"Project STERN". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 8 May 2012.

reactionengines.co.uk

Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 5. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Varvill & Bond 2004. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (2004). "The SKYLON Spaceplane" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 57: 22–32. Bibcode:2004JBIS...57...22V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2011.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
"Reaction Engines achieves ground-breaking hypersonic propulsion system milestone | Reaction Engines - Hypersonic breakthrough". Reaction Engines. 13 August 2024.
"Skylon FAQ". Frequently Asked Questions. Reaction Engines Ltd. 2010. Archived from the original on 2 June 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
"Reaction Engines Ltd : Company Background". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
"Story so far". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 12 September 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 4. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 11. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
"Reaction Engines secures funding to enable development of SABRE demonstrator engine" (Press release). Cullham Science Centre, United Kingdom: Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
"Reaction Engines Awarded DARPA Contract to Perform High-Temperature Testing of the SABRE Precooler". Reaction Engines Ltd. 25 September 2017. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
"Reaction Engines Ltd : Projects STERN and STRICT". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 14 August 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
"MAJOR ADVANCE TOWARDS THE NEXT JET ENGINE" (PDF) (Press release). Reaction Engines Ltd. 10 July 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 August 2012.
Varvill & Bond 2003, p. 108. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (2003). "A Comparison of Propulsions Concepts for SSTO Reusable launchers" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 56: 108–17. Bibcode:2003JBIS...56..108V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 June 2012.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 13. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 9. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
"Reaction Engines Ltd : Current Projects : SKYLON – Passenger Capability". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 15 June 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
Scott-Scott, Harrison & Woodrow 2003. Scott-Scott, J.L.; Harrison, M.; Woodrow, A.D. (2003). "Considerations for Passenger Transport by Advanced Spaceplanes" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 56: 118–126. Bibcode:2003JBIS...56..118S. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2009.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 6. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 3. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
"SABRE engine". Reaction Engines Ltd. 2010.
Varvill & Bond 2004, p. 22. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (2004). "The SKYLON Spaceplane" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 57: 22–32. Bibcode:2004JBIS...57...22V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2011.
"Reaction Engines Limited : Technology Demonstration Programme". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 16 February 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
"Reaction Engines Ltd : Current Projects : SKYLON – The Vehicle". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 15. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 7. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Varvill & Bond 2004, p. 25. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (2004). "The SKYLON Spaceplane" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 57: 22–32. Bibcode:2004JBIS...57...22V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2011.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 21. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
"Space Access: SKYLON – Technical". Reaction Engines. 2014. Archived from the original on 17 December 2015.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 43. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 45. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 4. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.

rocketeers.co.uk

"Rockets and Skylon". 20 Years Since HOTOL: Reaction Engines Ltd and SKYLON. UK Rocketeers. 2009. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
"Skylon Phase 3 Development: Q&A". Rocketeers.co.uk. 9 May 2011. Retrieved 3 December 2012.

space.com

Jeremy Hsu (11 March 2009). "British Space Plane Concept Gets Boost". Space.com.
Mike Wall (18 April 2011). "Big Test Looms for British Space Plane Concept". Space.com. Retrieved 18 April 2011.

spacenews.com

"Europe's Next-gen Rocket Design Competition Had Surprise Bidder". Space News. 13 July 2012. Archived from the original on 8 February 2013.

spacex.com

"SpaceX published Launch costs for Falcon Heavy to LEO for 2016 launch". SpaceX. 2015. Archived from the original on 7 October 2013.

stfc.ac.uk

ralspace.stfc.ac.uk

Bond 2011. Bond, Alan (8 December 2011). Progress on the SKYLON Reusable Spaceplane (PDF). 7th Appleton Space Conference. Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 July 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2012.

theguardian.com

Clark, Stuart (17 July 2013). "Sabre rocket engine could open up access to space as never before". The Guardian. London.
"UK earmarks £60m for super-fast space rocket engine". The Guardian. London. 16 July 2013.

theregister.co.uk

Page, Lewis (24 May 2011). "ESA: British Skylon spaceplane seems perfectly possible". The Register.
Thomson, Ian (29 November 2012). "European Space Agency clears SABRE orbital engines". The Register.

thespaceshow.com

Mark Hempsell (6 August 2009). "Broadcast 1203" (Interview). Interviewed by Dr David M. Livingston. The Space Show.

theverge.com

Emspak, Jesse. "REL’s Skylon spaceplane aims to take on SpaceX with a reusable rocket design." theverge.com, 8 March 2016.

tsniimash.ru

knts.tsniimash.ru

Skylon Assessment Report (PDF) (Report). European Space Agency. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 October 2016. During re-entry the temperature is kept down to 1,100 K (800 °C; 1,500 °F) by dynamically controlling the trajectory via active feedback of measured skin temperatures. This is possible by virtue of the low ballistic coefficient and the controllability of a lifting vehicle with active foreplanes.

twitter.com

"@George_Osborne". Twitter, 27 June 2013.

web.archive.org

Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 5. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Varvill & Bond 2004. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (2004). "The SKYLON Spaceplane" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 57: 22–32. Bibcode:2004JBIS...57...22V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2011.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
"SpaceX published Launch costs for Falcon Heavy to LEO for 2016 launch". SpaceX. 2015. Archived from the original on 7 October 2013.
"Skylon FAQ". Frequently Asked Questions. Reaction Engines Ltd. 2010. Archived from the original on 2 June 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
"Reaction Engines Ltd : Company Background". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
Thisdell, Dan (14 June 2011). "Skylon concept could be next spaceplane". Flight International. Archived from the original on 19 January 2017 – via FlightGlobal.com.
"Story so far". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 12 September 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
"Reusable Launch Vehicle Programs and Concepts" (PDF). Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation (AST). January 1998. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 4. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 11. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
"Written evidence from Reaction Engines Limited". Rebalancing the Economy: Trade and Investment – Business, Innovation and Skills Committee. UK Parliament. January 2011. Archived from the original on 2 February 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
"Reaction Engines secures funding to enable development of SABRE demonstrator engine" (Press release). Cullham Science Centre, United Kingdom: Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
"Reaction Engines Awarded DARPA Contract to Perform High-Temperature Testing of the SABRE Precooler". Reaction Engines Ltd. 25 September 2017. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
"Project STERN". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 8 May 2012.
"Reaction Engines Ltd : Projects STERN and STRICT". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 14 August 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
"MAJOR ADVANCE TOWARDS THE NEXT JET ENGINE" (PDF) (Press release). Reaction Engines Ltd. 10 July 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 August 2012.
Bond 2011. Bond, Alan (8 December 2011). Progress on the SKYLON Reusable Spaceplane (PDF). 7th Appleton Space Conference. Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 July 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2012.
Varvill & Bond 2003, p. 108. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (2003). "A Comparison of Propulsions Concepts for SSTO Reusable launchers" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 56: 108–17. Bibcode:2003JBIS...56..108V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 June 2012.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 13. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 9. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
"Reaction Engines Ltd : Current Projects : SKYLON – Passenger Capability". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 15 June 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
Scott-Scott, Harrison & Woodrow 2003. Scott-Scott, J.L.; Harrison, M.; Woodrow, A.D. (2003). "Considerations for Passenger Transport by Advanced Spaceplanes" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 56: 118–126. Bibcode:2003JBIS...56..118S. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2009.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 6. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 3. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Varvill & Bond 2004, p. 22. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (2004). "The SKYLON Spaceplane" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 57: 22–32. Bibcode:2004JBIS...57...22V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2011.
"Reaction Engines Limited : Technology Demonstration Programme". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 16 February 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
"Reaction Engines Ltd : Current Projects : SKYLON – The Vehicle". Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 15. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 7. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
Varvill & Bond 2004, p. 25. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (2004). "The SKYLON Spaceplane" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 57: 22–32. Bibcode:2004JBIS...57...22V. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2011.
Skylon Assessment Report (PDF) (Report). European Space Agency. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 October 2016. During re-entry the temperature is kept down to 1,100 K (800 °C; 1,500 °F) by dynamically controlling the trajectory via active feedback of measured skin temperatures. This is possible by virtue of the low ballistic coefficient and the controllability of a lifting vehicle with active foreplanes.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2009, p. 21. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (September 2009). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2009.
"Space Access: SKYLON – Technical". Reaction Engines. 2014. Archived from the original on 17 December 2015.
Skylon. Mark Wade, Astronautix Encyclopedia.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 43. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 45. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.
Hempsell & Longstaff 2014, p. 4. Hempsell, Mark; Longstaff, Roger (June 2014). "SKYLON Users' Manual – Rev 2.1" (PDF). Reaction Engines Ltd. pp. 1–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2015.

wired.com

"Hypersonic Flight 'Breakthrough' Could Have Us in Tokyo by Lunch". Wired. 30 November 2012.

worldatlas.com

"Longest Runways In The World". World Atlas. Qamdo Bamda Airport in China has the longest paved runway in the world at 18,045 feet.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Varvill & Bond 1993, p. 165, Fig 1. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (May 1993). "Skylon: A Key Element of a Future Space Transportation System". Spaceflight. Vol. 35, no. 5. London: British Interplanetary Society. pp. 162–166. ISSN 0038-6340.
Varvill & Bond 1993. Varvill, Richard; Bond, Alan (May 1993). "Skylon: A Key Element of a Future Space Transportation System". Spaceflight. Vol. 35, no. 5. London: British Interplanetary Society. pp. 162–166. ISSN 0038-6340.