Cressey, R.F. & Lachner, E.A. (Jun 1, 1970). "The Parasitic Copepod Diet and Life History of Diskfishes (Echeneidae)". Copeia. 1970 (2). American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists: 310–318. doi:10.2307/1441652. JSTOR1441652.
Strasburg, D.W. (Oct 9, 1959). "Notes on the Diet and Correlating Structures of Some Central Pacific Echeneid Fishes". Copeia. 1959 (3). American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists: 244–248. doi:10.2307/1440398. JSTOR1440398.
Cressey, R.F. & Lachner, E.A. (Jun 1, 1970). "The Parasitic Copepod Diet and Life History of Diskfishes (Echeneidae)". Copeia. 1970 (2). American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists: 310–318. doi:10.2307/1441652. JSTOR1441652.
Strasburg, D.W. (Oct 9, 1959). "Notes on the Diet and Correlating Structures of Some Central Pacific Echeneid Fishes". Copeia. 1959 (3). American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists: 244–248. doi:10.2307/1440398. JSTOR1440398.