Snus (English Wikipedia)

"Smokeless Tobacco and Cancer". United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health. 25 October 2010. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

cancer.org (Global: 4,631^st place; English: 3,828^th place)

"Health Risks of Smokeless Tobacco". American Cancer Society. 13 November 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2026.

cdc.gov (Global: 251^st place; English: 248^th place)

CDC (6 January 2025). "Cigarette Smoking". Smoking and Tobacco Use. Retrieved 18 June 2026.

delfi.ee (Global: 1,717^th place; English: 3,371^st place)

kasulik.delfi.ee

Ee, Kasulik (16 July 2019). "Seni keelatud Snus ehk mokatubakas jõudis nüüd Eestis ametlikult müügile, and Lithuania". Kasulik (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2020.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; et al. (7 June 2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12). John Wiley & Sons Ltd: 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:10852/105193. PMID 37480210. Retrieved 27 October 2024 – via Wiley Online Library.
Lee, Peter N. (6 December 2013). "Epidemiological evidence relating snus to health – an updated review based on recent publications". Harm Reduction Journal. 10 (1): 36. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-10-36. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 4029226. PMID 24314326.
Roosaar, Ann; Johansson, Anna L.V.; Sandborgh-Englund, Gunilla; Axéll, Tony; Nyrén, Olof (2008). "Cancer and mortality among users and nonusers of snus". International Journal of Cancer. 123 (1): 168–173. doi:10.1002/ijc.23469. ISSN 1097-0215. PMID 18412245.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Stensby Bains, Karen Eline; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (16 December 2022). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 0965-2140. PMID 36524899.
M. Jackson, Joshua; Weke, Anthony; Holliday, Richard (October 2023). "Nicotine pouches: a review for the dental team". British Dental Journal. 235 (8): 643–646. doi:10.1038/s41415-023-6383-7. ISSN 1476-5373. PMC 10611559. PMID 37891304.
Gray, Nigel (2005). "Mixed feelings on snus". The Lancet. 366 (9490): 966–7. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67352-7. PMID 16168760. S2CID 706773.
Rutqvist, Lars E.; Curvall, Margareta; Hassler, Thord; Ringberger, Tommy; Wahlberg, Inger (16 May 2011). "Swedish snus and the GothiaTek® standard". Harm Reduction Journal. 8 (1): 11. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-11. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 3119032. PMID 21575206.
McAdam, Kevin G.; Kimpton, Harriet; Faizi, Arif; Porter, Andrew; Rodu, Brad (19 March 2019). "The composition of contemporary American and Swedish smokeless tobacco products". BMC Chemistry. 13 (1): 31. doi:10.1186/s13065-019-0548-0. ISSN 2661-801X. PMC 6661804. PMID 31384779.
Digard, Helena; Errington, Graham; Richter, Audrey; McAdam, Kevin (2009). "Patterns and behaviors of snus consumption in Sweden". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 11 (10): 1175–1181. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp118. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 2746836. PMID 19687306.
Salokannel, Marjut; Ollila, Eeva (2021). "Snus and snus-like nicotine products moving across Nordic borders: Can laws protect young people?". Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 38 (6): 540–554. doi:10.1177/1455072521995704. PMC 8900178. PMID 35309849.
Lawler, Tameka S.; Stanfill, Stephen B.; Tran, Hang T.; Lee, Grace E.; Chen, Patrick X.; Kimbrell, J. Brett; Lisko, Joseph G.; Fernandez, Carolina; Caudill, Samuel P.; deCastro, B. Rey; Watson, Clifford H. (15 January 2020). "Chemical analysis of snus products from the United States and northern Europe". PLOS ONE. 15 (1) e0227837. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1527837L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227837. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 6961908. PMID 31940415.
Marynak, Kristy L.; et al. (2022). "20-Year Trends in Tobacco Sales and Self-Reported Tobacco Use in the United States, 2000-2020". Preventing Chronic Disease. 19: E46. doi:10.5888/pcd19.220063. PMC 9360959. PMID 35900882.
Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Holme, Jørn Andreas; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Alexander, Jan; Underland, Vigdis; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian (15 December 2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12): 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:10852/105193. ISSN 0020-7136. PMID 37480210.
Gupta, Ruchika; Gupta, Sanjay; Sharma, Shashi; Sinha, Dhirendra N; Mehrotra, Ravi (1 January 2019). "Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among Smokeless Tobacco Users: Results of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Data". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 21 (1): 25–31. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty002. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 6941711. PMID 29325111.
Benowitz, Neal L.; Liakoni, Evangelia (29 September 2021). "Tobacco use disorder and cardiovascular health" (PDF). Addiction. 117 (4): 1128–1138. doi:10.1111/add.15703. ISSN 0965-2140. PMID 34590373.
Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Holme, Jørn Andreas; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Alexander, Jan; Underland, Vigdis; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian (2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12): 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:11250/3090639. ISSN 1097-0215. PMID 37480210.
Titova, Olga E.; Baron, John A.; Michaëlsson, Karl; Larsson, Susanna C. (7 May 2021). "Swedish snuff (snus) and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older individuals". BMC Medicine. 19 (1): 111. doi:10.1186/s12916-021-01979-6. ISSN 1741-7015. PMC 8103653. PMID 33957912.
Byhamre, Marja Lisa; Araghi, Marzieh; Alfredsson, Lars; Bellocco, Rino; Engström, Gunnar; Eriksson, Marie; Galanti, Maria Rosaria; Jansson, Jan-Håkan; Lager, Anton; Lundberg, Michael; Östergren, Per-Olof; Pedersen, Nancy L; Trolle Lagerros, Ylva; Ye, Weimin; Wennberg, Patrik (1 December 2020). "Swedish snus use is associated with mortality: a pooled analysis of eight prospective studies". International Journal of Epidemiology. 49 (6): 2041–2050. doi:10.1093/ije/dyaa197. ISSN 0300-5771. PMC 7825961. PMID 33347584. Archived from the original on 23 February 2026.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Bains, Karen Eline Stensby; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (2023). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 36524899.
Baba, Sachiko; Wikström, Anna-Karin; Stephansson, Olof; Cnattingius, Sven (2014). "Influence of snuff and smoking habits in early pregnancy on risks for stillbirth and early neonatal mortality". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 16 (1): 78–83. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntt117. ISSN 1469-994X. PMID 23943841.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasaeter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Bains, Karen Eline Stensby; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (2023). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 36524899.
Dahlin, S; Gunnerbeck, A; Wikström, A-K; Cnattingius, S; Edstedt Bonamy, A-K (2016). "Maternal tobacco use and extremely premature birth – a population-based cohort study". BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 123 (12): 1938–1946. doi:10.1111/1471-0528.14213. ISSN 1471-0528. PMID 27411948.
Rygh, Ellen; Gallefoss, Frode; Grøtvedt, Liv (16 December 2019). "Trends in maternal use of snus and smoking tobacco in pregnancy. A register study in southern Norway". BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 19 (1): 500. doi:10.1186/s12884-019-2624-9. ISSN 1471-2393. PMC 6915947. PMID 31842873.
Juárez, Sol Pía; Merlo, Juan (12 June 2013). "The Effect of Swedish Snuff (Snus) on Offspring Birthweight: A Sibling Analysis". PLOS ONE. 8 (6) e65611. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...865611J. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065611. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3680479. PMID 23776512.
Rutqvist, Lars E.; Curvall, Margareta; Hassler, Thord; Ringberger, Tommy; Wahlberg, Inger (16 May 2011). "Swedish snus and the GothiaTek® standard". Harm Reduction Journal. 8 (1): 11. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-11. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 3119032. PMID 21575206.

drugsandalcohol.ie (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Dáil Éireann debate. Question 507 – Health services [snus/nicotine pouches] [507/24]". www.oireachtas.ie. 30 January 2024. Retrieved 10 September 2024.

ersnet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"ERS Position Paper on Tobacco Harm Reduction". European Respiratory Society. 29 May 2019. Retrieved 30 May 2024.

etymonline.com (Global: 669^th place; English: 670^th place)

"nicotine | Etymology of nicotine by etymonline". www.etymonline.com. Retrieved 15 July 2024.

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; English: 100^th place)

eur-lex.europa.eu

"Directive 2014/40/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning the manufacture, presentation and sale of tobacco and related products and repealing Directive 2001/37/EC Text with EEA relevance". eur-lex.europa.eu. 3 April 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2026.
"REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS on the application of Directive 2014/40/EU concerning the manufacture, presentation and sale of tobacco and related products". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 1 June 2026.
"Document 52021DC0249". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 29 May 2026.

health.ec.europa.eu

"DIRECTIVE 2014/40/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL" (PDF). Retrieved 28 May 2026.

fda.gov (Global: 470^th place; English: 329^th place)

Products, Center for Tobacco (17 June 2025). "Swedish Match USA, Inc. Modified Risk Tobacco Product (MRTP) Applications for General Snus Products". FDA. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
Products, Center for Tobacco (23 April 2026). "Modified Risk Granted Orders". FDA. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
Products, Center for Tobacco (17 June 2025). "Swedish Match USA, Inc. Modified Risk Tobacco Product (MRTP) Applications for General Snus Products". FDA. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
Products, Center for Tobacco (4 April 2024). "Smokeless Tobacco Products, Including Dip, Snuff, Snus, and Chewing Tobacco". FDA. Retrieved 27 June 2026.
Products, Center for Tobacco (6 May 2026). "The Relative Risks of Tobacco Products". FDA. Retrieved 27 June 2026.

fhi.no (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Bruk av røyk, e-sigaretter og snus blant ungdom". Folkehelseinstituttet (in Norwegian). 22 October 2025. Retrieved 9 July 2026.

folkhalsomyndigheten.se (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Public Health Agency of Sweden". www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se. 12 December 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2026.
"The Public Health Agency of Sweden". www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se. 26 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2026.
"The Public Health Agency of Sweden". www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se. 31 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2026.
"Knowledge about the harmful effects of tobacco and nicotine products" (PDF). Retrieved 11 June 2026.

gov.ie (Global: 9,282^nd place; English: 5,179^th place)

"Minister Murnane O'Connor welcomes the publication of the ESPAD Ireland 2024 Report". gov.ie. 21 May 2025. Retrieved 10 July 2026.

gsthr.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020". Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; et al. (7 June 2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12). John Wiley & Sons Ltd: 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:10852/105193. PMID 37480210. Retrieved 27 October 2024 – via Wiley Online Library.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Stensby Bains, Karen Eline; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (16 December 2022). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 0965-2140. PMID 36524899.
Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Holme, Jørn Andreas; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Alexander, Jan; Underland, Vigdis; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian (15 December 2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12): 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:10852/105193. ISSN 0020-7136. PMID 37480210.
Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Holme, Jørn Andreas; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Alexander, Jan; Underland, Vigdis; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian (2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12): 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:11250/3090639. ISSN 1097-0215. PMID 37480210.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Bains, Karen Eline Stensby; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (2023). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 36524899.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasaeter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Bains, Karen Eline Stensby; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (2023). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 36524899.

hsph.harvard.edu (Global: 9,638^th place; English: 7,064^th place)

Avenue, 677 Huntington; Boston; Ma 02115 (16 April 2024). "Zyn pouches safer than smoking, but still pose risks". News. Retrieved 15 July 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Avenue, 677 Huntington; Boston; Ma 02115 (16 April 2024). "Zyn pouches safer than smoking, but still pose risks". News. Retrieved 4 July 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

hsr.se (Global: low place; English: low place)

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jhu.edu (Global: 560^th place; English: 313^th place)

publichealth.jhu.edu

"Are Oral Nicotine Pouches Safe? | Johns Hopkins". publichealth.jhu.edu. Bloomberg School of Public Health. 24 April 2024. Retrieved 26 June 2026.

legislation.govt.nz (Global: 6,289^th place; English: 3,674^th place)

"Smokefree Environments and Regulated Products Regulations 2021". www.legislation.govt.nz. Retrieved 1 June 2026.

medsafe.govt.nz (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Overview of tobacco-based and synthetic-based oral nicotine products". www.medsafe.govt.nz. Retrieved 29 May 2026.

nation.co.ke (Global: 4,828^th place; English: 2,819^th place)

Kabale, Nasibo (8 June 2019). "Lobby alleged the introduction of pouches could result in increased risk for cancer". Daily Nation. Archived from the original on 2 December 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2019.

nhs.uk (Global: 2,637^th place; English: 2,254^th place)

"Vaping myths and the facts - Better Health". nhs.uk. 13 September 2023. Retrieved 18 June 2026.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; et al. (7 June 2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12). John Wiley & Sons Ltd: 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:10852/105193. PMID 37480210. Retrieved 27 October 2024 – via Wiley Online Library.
Lee, Peter N. (6 December 2013). "Epidemiological evidence relating snus to health – an updated review based on recent publications". Harm Reduction Journal. 10 (1): 36. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-10-36. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 4029226. PMID 24314326.
Roosaar, Ann; Johansson, Anna L.V.; Sandborgh-Englund, Gunilla; Axéll, Tony; Nyrén, Olof (2008). "Cancer and mortality among users and nonusers of snus". International Journal of Cancer. 123 (1): 168–173. doi:10.1002/ijc.23469. ISSN 1097-0215. PMID 18412245.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Stensby Bains, Karen Eline; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (16 December 2022). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 0965-2140. PMID 36524899.
M. Jackson, Joshua; Weke, Anthony; Holliday, Richard (October 2023). "Nicotine pouches: a review for the dental team". British Dental Journal. 235 (8): 643–646. doi:10.1038/s41415-023-6383-7. ISSN 1476-5373. PMC 10611559. PMID 37891304.
Gray, Nigel (2005). "Mixed feelings on snus". The Lancet. 366 (9490): 966–7. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67352-7. PMID 16168760. S2CID 706773.
Rutqvist, Lars E.; Curvall, Margareta; Hassler, Thord; Ringberger, Tommy; Wahlberg, Inger (16 May 2011). "Swedish snus and the GothiaTek® standard". Harm Reduction Journal. 8 (1): 11. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-11. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 3119032. PMID 21575206.
McAdam, Kevin G.; Kimpton, Harriet; Faizi, Arif; Porter, Andrew; Rodu, Brad (19 March 2019). "The composition of contemporary American and Swedish smokeless tobacco products". BMC Chemistry. 13 (1): 31. doi:10.1186/s13065-019-0548-0. ISSN 2661-801X. PMC 6661804. PMID 31384779.
Digard, Helena; Errington, Graham; Richter, Audrey; McAdam, Kevin (2009). "Patterns and behaviors of snus consumption in Sweden". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 11 (10): 1175–1181. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp118. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 2746836. PMID 19687306.
Salokannel, Marjut; Ollila, Eeva (2021). "Snus and snus-like nicotine products moving across Nordic borders: Can laws protect young people?". Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 38 (6): 540–554. doi:10.1177/1455072521995704. PMC 8900178. PMID 35309849.
Lawler, Tameka S.; Stanfill, Stephen B.; Tran, Hang T.; Lee, Grace E.; Chen, Patrick X.; Kimbrell, J. Brett; Lisko, Joseph G.; Fernandez, Carolina; Caudill, Samuel P.; deCastro, B. Rey; Watson, Clifford H. (15 January 2020). "Chemical analysis of snus products from the United States and northern Europe". PLOS ONE. 15 (1) e0227837. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1527837L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227837. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 6961908. PMID 31940415.
Marynak, Kristy L.; et al. (2022). "20-Year Trends in Tobacco Sales and Self-Reported Tobacco Use in the United States, 2000-2020". Preventing Chronic Disease. 19: E46. doi:10.5888/pcd19.220063. PMC 9360959. PMID 35900882.
Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Holme, Jørn Andreas; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Alexander, Jan; Underland, Vigdis; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian (15 December 2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12): 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:10852/105193. ISSN 0020-7136. PMID 37480210.
Gupta, Ruchika; Gupta, Sanjay; Sharma, Shashi; Sinha, Dhirendra N; Mehrotra, Ravi (1 January 2019). "Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among Smokeless Tobacco Users: Results of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Data". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 21 (1): 25–31. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty002. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 6941711. PMID 29325111.
Benowitz, Neal L.; Liakoni, Evangelia (29 September 2021). "Tobacco use disorder and cardiovascular health" (PDF). Addiction. 117 (4): 1128–1138. doi:10.1111/add.15703. ISSN 0965-2140. PMID 34590373.
Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Holme, Jørn Andreas; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Alexander, Jan; Underland, Vigdis; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian (2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12): 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:11250/3090639. ISSN 1097-0215. PMID 37480210.
Titova, Olga E.; Baron, John A.; Michaëlsson, Karl; Larsson, Susanna C. (7 May 2021). "Swedish snuff (snus) and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older individuals". BMC Medicine. 19 (1): 111. doi:10.1186/s12916-021-01979-6. ISSN 1741-7015. PMC 8103653. PMID 33957912.
Byhamre, Marja Lisa; Araghi, Marzieh; Alfredsson, Lars; Bellocco, Rino; Engström, Gunnar; Eriksson, Marie; Galanti, Maria Rosaria; Jansson, Jan-Håkan; Lager, Anton; Lundberg, Michael; Östergren, Per-Olof; Pedersen, Nancy L; Trolle Lagerros, Ylva; Ye, Weimin; Wennberg, Patrik (1 December 2020). "Swedish snus use is associated with mortality: a pooled analysis of eight prospective studies". International Journal of Epidemiology. 49 (6): 2041–2050. doi:10.1093/ije/dyaa197. ISSN 0300-5771. PMC 7825961. PMID 33347584. Archived from the original on 23 February 2026.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Bains, Karen Eline Stensby; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (2023). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 36524899.
Baba, Sachiko; Wikström, Anna-Karin; Stephansson, Olof; Cnattingius, Sven (2014). "Influence of snuff and smoking habits in early pregnancy on risks for stillbirth and early neonatal mortality". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 16 (1): 78–83. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntt117. ISSN 1469-994X. PMID 23943841.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasaeter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Bains, Karen Eline Stensby; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (2023). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 36524899.
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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Lee, Peter N. (6 December 2013). "Epidemiological evidence relating snus to health – an updated review based on recent publications". Harm Reduction Journal. 10 (1): 36. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-10-36. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 4029226. PMID 24314326.
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Rutqvist, Lars E.; Curvall, Margareta; Hassler, Thord; Ringberger, Tommy; Wahlberg, Inger (16 May 2011). "Swedish snus and the GothiaTek® standard". Harm Reduction Journal. 8 (1): 11. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-11. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 3119032. PMID 21575206.
McAdam, Kevin G.; Kimpton, Harriet; Faizi, Arif; Porter, Andrew; Rodu, Brad (19 March 2019). "The composition of contemporary American and Swedish smokeless tobacco products". BMC Chemistry. 13 (1): 31. doi:10.1186/s13065-019-0548-0. ISSN 2661-801X. PMC 6661804. PMID 31384779.
Digard, Helena; Errington, Graham; Richter, Audrey; McAdam, Kevin (2009). "Patterns and behaviors of snus consumption in Sweden". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 11 (10): 1175–1181. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp118. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 2746836. PMID 19687306.
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Rygh, Ellen; Gallefoss, Frode; Grøtvedt, Liv (16 December 2019). "Trends in maternal use of snus and smoking tobacco in pregnancy. A register study in southern Norway". BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 19 (1): 500. doi:10.1186/s12884-019-2624-9. ISSN 1471-2393. PMC 6915947. PMID 31842873.
Juárez, Sol Pía; Merlo, Juan (12 June 2013). "The Effect of Swedish Snuff (Snus) on Offspring Birthweight: A Sibling Analysis". PLOS ONE. 8 (6) e65611. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...865611J. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065611. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3680479. PMID 23776512.
Rutqvist, Lars E.; Curvall, Margareta; Hassler, Thord; Ringberger, Tommy; Wahlberg, Inger (16 May 2011). "Swedish snus and the GothiaTek® standard". Harm Reduction Journal. 8 (1): 11. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-11. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 3119032. PMID 21575206.

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onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; et al. (7 June 2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12). John Wiley & Sons Ltd: 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:10852/105193. PMID 37480210. Retrieved 27 October 2024 – via Wiley Online Library.
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Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Stensby Bains, Karen Eline; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (16 December 2022). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 0965-2140. PMID 36524899.
Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Holme, Jørn Andreas; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Alexander, Jan; Underland, Vigdis; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian (15 December 2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12): 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:10852/105193. ISSN 0020-7136. PMID 37480210.
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Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Bains, Karen Eline Stensby; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (2023). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 36524899.
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worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Lee, Peter N. (6 December 2013). "Epidemiological evidence relating snus to health – an updated review based on recent publications". Harm Reduction Journal. 10 (1): 36. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-10-36. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 4029226. PMID 24314326.
Roosaar, Ann; Johansson, Anna L.V.; Sandborgh-Englund, Gunilla; Axéll, Tony; Nyrén, Olof (2008). "Cancer and mortality among users and nonusers of snus". International Journal of Cancer. 123 (1): 168–173. doi:10.1002/ijc.23469. ISSN 1097-0215. PMID 18412245.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Stensby Bains, Karen Eline; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (16 December 2022). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 0965-2140. PMID 36524899.
M. Jackson, Joshua; Weke, Anthony; Holliday, Richard (October 2023). "Nicotine pouches: a review for the dental team". British Dental Journal. 235 (8): 643–646. doi:10.1038/s41415-023-6383-7. ISSN 1476-5373. PMC 10611559. PMID 37891304.
Blum, Dani (25 January 2024). "Can Nicotine Pouches Like Zyn Harm Your Health?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
Rutqvist, Lars E.; Curvall, Margareta; Hassler, Thord; Ringberger, Tommy; Wahlberg, Inger (16 May 2011). "Swedish snus and the GothiaTek® standard". Harm Reduction Journal. 8 (1): 11. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-11. ISSN 1477-7517. PMC 3119032. PMID 21575206.
McAdam, Kevin G.; Kimpton, Harriet; Faizi, Arif; Porter, Andrew; Rodu, Brad (19 March 2019). "The composition of contemporary American and Swedish smokeless tobacco products". BMC Chemistry. 13 (1): 31. doi:10.1186/s13065-019-0548-0. ISSN 2661-801X. PMC 6661804. PMID 31384779.
Digard, Helena; Errington, Graham; Richter, Audrey; McAdam, Kevin (2009). "Patterns and behaviors of snus consumption in Sweden". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 11 (10): 1175–1181. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp118. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 2746836. PMID 19687306.
Lawler, Tameka S.; Stanfill, Stephen B.; Tran, Hang T.; Lee, Grace E.; Chen, Patrick X.; Kimbrell, J. Brett; Lisko, Joseph G.; Fernandez, Carolina; Caudill, Samuel P.; deCastro, B. Rey; Watson, Clifford H. (15 January 2020). "Chemical analysis of snus products from the United States and northern Europe". PLOS ONE. 15 (1) e0227837. Bibcode:2020PLoSO..1527837L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227837. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 6961908. PMID 31940415.
Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Holme, Jørn Andreas; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Alexander, Jan; Underland, Vigdis; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian (15 December 2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12): 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:10852/105193. ISSN 0020-7136. PMID 37480210.
Gupta, Ruchika; Gupta, Sanjay; Sharma, Shashi; Sinha, Dhirendra N; Mehrotra, Ravi (1 January 2019). "Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among Smokeless Tobacco Users: Results of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Data". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 21 (1): 25–31. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty002. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 6941711. PMID 29325111.
Benowitz, Neal L.; Liakoni, Evangelia (29 September 2021). "Tobacco use disorder and cardiovascular health" (PDF). Addiction. 117 (4): 1128–1138. doi:10.1111/add.15703. ISSN 0965-2140. PMID 34590373.
Valen, Håkon; Becher, Rune; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Holme, Jørn Andreas; Mdala, Ibrahimu; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Alexander, Jan; Underland, Vigdis; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian (2023). "A systematic review of cancer risk among users of smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus) exclusively, compared with no use of tobacco". International Journal of Cancer. 153 (12): 1942–1953. doi:10.1002/ijc.34643. hdl:11250/3090639. ISSN 1097-0215. PMID 37480210.
Titova, Olga E.; Baron, John A.; Michaëlsson, Karl; Larsson, Susanna C. (7 May 2021). "Swedish snuff (snus) and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older individuals". BMC Medicine. 19 (1): 111. doi:10.1186/s12916-021-01979-6. ISSN 1741-7015. PMC 8103653. PMID 33957912.
Byhamre, Marja Lisa; Araghi, Marzieh; Alfredsson, Lars; Bellocco, Rino; Engström, Gunnar; Eriksson, Marie; Galanti, Maria Rosaria; Jansson, Jan-Håkan; Lager, Anton; Lundberg, Michael; Östergren, Per-Olof; Pedersen, Nancy L; Trolle Lagerros, Ylva; Ye, Weimin; Wennberg, Patrik (1 December 2020). "Swedish snus use is associated with mortality: a pooled analysis of eight prospective studies". International Journal of Epidemiology. 49 (6): 2041–2050. doi:10.1093/ije/dyaa197. ISSN 0300-5771. PMC 7825961. PMID 33347584. Archived from the original on 23 February 2026.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasæter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Bains, Karen Eline Stensby; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (2023). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 36524899.
Baba, Sachiko; Wikström, Anna-Karin; Stephansson, Olof; Cnattingius, Sven (2014). "Influence of snuff and smoking habits in early pregnancy on risks for stillbirth and early neonatal mortality". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 16 (1): 78–83. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntt117. ISSN 1469-994X. PMID 23943841.
Brinchmann, Bendik C.; Vist, Gunn E.; Becher, Rune; Grimsrud, Tom K.; Elvsaas, Ida-Kristin Ørjasaeter; Underland, Vigdis; Holme, Jørn A.; Carlsen, Karin C. Lødrup; Kreyberg, Ina; Nordhagen, Live S.; Bains, Karen Eline Stensby; Carlsen, Kai-Håkon; Alexander, Jan; Valen, Håkon (2023). "Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco during pregnancy: A systematic review of pregnancy and early life health risk". Addiction. 118 (5): 789–803. doi:10.1111/add.16114. hdl:11250/3065807. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 36524899.
Dahlin, S; Gunnerbeck, A; Wikström, A-K; Cnattingius, S; Edstedt Bonamy, A-K (2016). "Maternal tobacco use and extremely premature birth – a population-based cohort study". BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 123 (12): 1938–1946. doi:10.1111/1471-0528.14213. ISSN 1471-0528. PMID 27411948.
Rygh, Ellen; Gallefoss, Frode; Grøtvedt, Liv (16 December 2019). "Trends in maternal use of snus and smoking tobacco in pregnancy. A register study in southern Norway". BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 19 (1): 500. doi:10.1186/s12884-019-2624-9. ISSN 1471-2393. PMC 6915947. PMID 31842873.
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