Solar eclipse (English Wikipedia)

Brewer, Bryan (January 14, 1998). "What Causes an Eclipse?". Earth View. Archived from the original on January 2, 2013. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
Espenak, Fred (March 24, 2008). "World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Paths". NASA Eclipse web site. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on July 14, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Espenak, Fred (August 28, 2009). "Eclipses and the Saros". NASA Eclipse web site. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on May 24, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Espenak, Fred (July 11, 2005). "Eye Safety During Solar Eclipses". NASA Eclipse web site. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on July 16, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Wang, Qian-shen; Yang, Xin-she; Wu, Chuan-zhen; Guo, Hong-gang; Liu, Hong-chen; Hua, Chang-chai (2000). "Precise measurement of gravity variations during a total solar eclipse". Physical Review D. 62 (4): 041101(R). arXiv:1003.4947. Bibcode:2000PhRvD..62d1101W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.62.041101. S2CID 6846335.

astronomie.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

eclipse.astronomie.info

"ISS-Venustransit". astronomie.info (in German). Archived from the original on 2020-07-28. Retrieved 2004-07-29.

atlasobscura.com (Global: 1,661^st place; English: 975^th place)

Wright, Andy (2017-08-16). "Chasing Totality: A Look Into the World of Umbraphiles". Atlas Obscura. Archived from the original on 2020-12-14. Retrieved 2017-08-24.

baylor.edu (Global: low place; English: 6,161^st place)

eclipse.web.baylor.edu

Baylor University Department of Physics (2024). "What is a solar eclipse?". Baylor University. Retrieved April 12, 2024. There are three main types of solar eclipses: Total solar eclipse, Partial solar eclipse, Annular solar eclipse

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atena.beic.it

Acta Eruditorum. Leipzig. 1762. p. 168. Archived from the original on 2020-07-31. Retrieved 2018-06-06.

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Vorenkamp, Todd (April 2017). "How to Photograph a Solar Eclipse". B&H Photo Video. Archived from the original on July 1, 2019. Retrieved August 19, 2017.

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Kate Russo (2012). Total Addiction: The Life of an Eclipse Chaser. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3-642-30481-1. Archived from the original on 9 December 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2017.

bostonleadershipbuilders.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Herodotus. Book VII. p. 37. Archived from the original on 2008-08-19. Retrieved 2008-07-13.
Herodotus. Book IX. p. 10. Archived from the original on 2020-07-26. Retrieved 2008-07-14.

cambridge.org (Global: 305^th place; English: 264^th place)

ebooks.cambridge.org

Stephenson, F. Richard (1997). Historical Eclipses and Earth's Rotation. Cambridge University Press. p. 54. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511525186. ISBN 0-521-46194-4. Archived from the original on 2020-08-01. Retrieved 2012-01-04.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Beckman, J.; Begot, J.; Charvin, P.; Hall, D.; Lena, P.; Soufflot, A.; Liebenberg, D.; Wraight, P. (1973). "Eclipse Flight of Concorde 001". Nature. 246 (5428): 72–74. Bibcode:1973Natur.246...72B. doi:10.1038/246072a0. S2CID 10644966.
Stephenson, F. Richard (1997). Historical Eclipses and Earth's Rotation. Cambridge University Press. p. 54. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511525186. ISBN 0-521-46194-4. Archived from the original on 2020-08-01. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
Dobson, Roger (August 21, 1999). "UK hospitals assess eye damage after solar eclipse". British Medical Journal. 319 (7208): 469. doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7208.469. PMC 1116382. PMID 10454393.
Humphreys, C. J.; Waddington, W. G. (1983). "Dating the Crucifixion". Nature. 306 (5945): 743–746. Bibcode:1983Natur.306..743H. doi:10.1038/306743a0. S2CID 4360560.
Dyson, F.W.; Eddington, A.S.; Davidson, C.R. (1920). "A Determination of the Deflection of Light by the Sun's Gravitational Field, from Observations Made at the Solar eclipse of May 29, 1919". Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A. 220 (571–81): 291–333. Bibcode:1920RSPTA.220..291D. doi:10.1098/rsta.1920.0009. Archived from the original on November 3, 2020. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
Saxl, Erwin J.; Allen, Mildred (1971). "1970 solar eclipse as 'seen' by a torsion pendulum". Physical Review D. 3 (4): 823–825. Bibcode:1971PhRvD...3..823S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.3.823.
Wang, Qian-shen; Yang, Xin-she; Wu, Chuan-zhen; Guo, Hong-gang; Liu, Hong-chen; Hua, Chang-chai (2000). "Precise measurement of gravity variations during a total solar eclipse". Physical Review D. 62 (4): 041101(R). arXiv:1003.4947. Bibcode:2000PhRvD..62d1101W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.62.041101. S2CID 6846335.
Yang, X. S.; Wang, Q. S. (2002). "Gravity anomaly during the Mohe total solar eclipse and new constraint on gravitational shielding parameter". Astrophysics and Space Science. 282 (1): 245–253. Bibcode:2002Ap&SS.282..245Y. doi:10.1023/A:1021119023985. S2CID 118497439.
Gray, S. L.; Harrison, R. G. (2012). "Diagnosing eclipse-induced wind changes". Proceedings of the Royal Society. 468 (2143): 1839–1850. Bibcode:2012RSPSA.468.1839G. doi:10.1098/rspa.2012.0007. Archived from the original on 2015-03-04. Retrieved 2015-03-04.

earthview.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Brewer, Bryan (January 14, 1998). "What Causes an Eclipse?". Earth View. Archived from the original on January 2, 2013. Retrieved January 14, 2012.

eclipse-chasers.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Kramer, Bill. "Photographing a Total Solar Eclipse". Eclipse-chasers.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2009. Retrieved March 7, 2010.

entsoe.eu (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Solar Eclipse 2015 – Impact Analysis Archived 2017-02-21 at the Wayback Machine" pp. 3, 6–7, 13. European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, 19 February 2015. Accessed: 4 March 2015.

esa.int (Global: 1,482^nd place; English: 1,468^th place)

"What is an eclipse?". European Space Agency. Archived from the original on 2018-08-04. Retrieved 2018-08-04.
"The science of eclipses". ESA. September 28, 2004. Archived from the original on August 1, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2007.
"Relativity and the 1919 eclipse". ESA. September 13, 2004. Archived from the original on October 21, 2012. Retrieved January 11, 2011.

exploratorium.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,112^th place)

Hipschman, Ron. "Why Eclipses Happen". Exploratorium. Archived from the original on December 27, 2015. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
"What Are the Three Types of Solar Eclipses?". Exploratorium. 17 April 2023. Retrieved 11 Oct 2023.

expressnews.com (Global: 6,180^th place; English: 3,466^th place)

Villalpando, Roberto (September 15, 2023). "October eclipse will be annular, not annual, but oversized glasses show how confusing it can be". San Antonio Express-News. Retrieved April 11, 2024. Annular means of, relating to or forming a ring [...] it has its roots in the Latin word for ring, 'anulus'. [...] Annual, on the other hand, means occurring every year or once a year. The word also has a Latin ancestor: 'annus', which means year.

forbes.com (Global: 54^th place; English: 48^th place)

Smith, Kiona N. "People Recorded A Total Solar Eclipse For The First Time 3,241 Years Ago". Forbes. Retrieved 2023-12-14.

fourmilab.ch (Global: 8,613^th place; English: 6,778^th place)

Walker, John (July 10, 2004). "Moon near Perigee, Earth near Aphelion". Fourmilab. Archived from the original on December 8, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2010.

gutenberg.org (Global: 489^th place; English: 377^th place)

Fiske, John (1997). Myths and Myth-Makers Old Tales and Superstitions Interpreted by Comparative Mythology. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2017 – via Project Gutenberg.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Meeus, J. (December 2003). "The maximum possible duration of a total solar eclipse". Journal of the British Astronomical Association. 113 (6): 343–348. Bibcode:2003JBAA..113..343M.
Beckman, J.; Begot, J.; Charvin, P.; Hall, D.; Lena, P.; Soufflot, A.; Liebenberg, D.; Wraight, P. (1973). "Eclipse Flight of Concorde 001". Nature. 246 (5428): 72–74. Bibcode:1973Natur.246...72B. doi:10.1038/246072a0. S2CID 10644966.
Pogo, Alexander (1935). "Calendar years with five solar eclipses". Popular Astronomy. Vol. 43. p. 412. Bibcode:1935PA.....43..412P.
Schaefer, Bradley E. (May 1994). "Solar Eclipses That Changed the World". Sky & Telescope. Vol. 87, no. 5. pp. 36–39. Bibcode:1994S&T....87...36S.
Stephenson, F. Richard (1982). "Historical Eclipses". Scientific American. Vol. 247, no. 4. pp. 154–163. Bibcode:1982SciAm.247d.154S.
Humphreys, C. J.; Waddington, W. G. (1983). "Dating the Crucifixion". Nature. 306 (5945): 743–746. Bibcode:1983Natur.306..743H. doi:10.1038/306743a0. S2CID 4360560.
Dyson, F.W.; Eddington, A.S.; Davidson, C.R. (1920). "A Determination of the Deflection of Light by the Sun's Gravitational Field, from Observations Made at the Solar eclipse of May 29, 1919". Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A. 220 (571–81): 291–333. Bibcode:1920RSPTA.220..291D. doi:10.1098/rsta.1920.0009. Archived from the original on November 3, 2020. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
Saxl, Erwin J.; Allen, Mildred (1971). "1970 solar eclipse as 'seen' by a torsion pendulum". Physical Review D. 3 (4): 823–825. Bibcode:1971PhRvD...3..823S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.3.823.
Wang, Qian-shen; Yang, Xin-she; Wu, Chuan-zhen; Guo, Hong-gang; Liu, Hong-chen; Hua, Chang-chai (2000). "Precise measurement of gravity variations during a total solar eclipse". Physical Review D. 62 (4): 041101(R). arXiv:1003.4947. Bibcode:2000PhRvD..62d1101W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.62.041101. S2CID 6846335.
Yang, X. S.; Wang, Q. S. (2002). "Gravity anomaly during the Mohe total solar eclipse and new constraint on gravitational shielding parameter". Astrophysics and Space Science. 282 (1): 245–253. Bibcode:2002Ap&SS.282..245Y. doi:10.1023/A:1021119023985. S2CID 118497439.
Meeus, J.; Vitagliano, A. (2004). "Simultaneous transits" (PDF). J. Br. Astron. Assoc. 114 (3): 132–135. Bibcode:2004JBAA..114..132M. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 10, 2007.
Gray, S. L.; Harrison, R. G. (2012). "Diagnosing eclipse-induced wind changes". Proceedings of the Royal Society. 468 (2143): 1839–1850. Bibcode:2012RSPSA.468.1839G. doi:10.1098/rspa.2012.0007. Archived from the original on 2015-03-04. Retrieved 2015-03-04.

iium.edu.my (Global: low place; English: low place)

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astro.lu.se

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marco-peuschel.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

Meeus, J.; Vitagliano, A. (2004). "Simultaneous transits" (PDF). J. Br. Astron. Assoc. 114 (3): 132–135. Bibcode:2004JBAA..114..132M. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 10, 2007.

mreclipse.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Espenak, Fred (September 26, 2009). "Solar Eclipses for Beginners". MrEclipse.com. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Littmann, Mark; Willcox, Ken; Espenak, Fred (1999). "Observing Solar Eclipses Safely". MrEclipse.com. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Chou, B. Ralph (January 20, 2008). "Eclipse Filters". MrEclipse.com. Archived from the original on November 27, 2020. Retrieved January 4, 2012.
Littmann, Mark; Willcox, Ken; Espenak, Fred (1999). "The Experience of Totality". MrEclipse.com. Archived from the original on February 4, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Le Conte, David (December 6, 1998). "Eclipse Quotations". MrEclipse.com. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved January 8, 2011.

nasa.gov (Global: 75^th place; English: 83^rd place)

eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov

Five solar eclipses occurred in 1935.NASA (September 6, 2009). "Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses". NASA Eclipse Web Site. Fred Espenak, Project and Website Manager. Archived from the original on April 29, 2010. Retrieved January 26, 2010.
Espenak, Fred (August 28, 2009). "Periodicity of Solar Eclipses". NASA Eclipse web site. Greenbelt, MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Espenak, Fred; Meeus, Jean (January 26, 2007). "Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000". NASA Eclipse web site. Greenbelt, MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Espenak, Fred (January 6, 2009). "Central Solar Eclipses: 1991–2050". NASA Eclipse web site. Greenbelt, MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Chou, B. Ralph (July 11, 2005). "Eye safety during solar eclipses". NASA Eclipse web site. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
"NASA - Periodicity of Solar Eclipses". NASA. Retrieved 2025-08-29.

eclipse2017.nasa.gov

"Eclipse: Who? What? Where? When? and How? | Total Solar Eclipse 2017". eclipse2017.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18. Retrieved 2017-09-21.
Mayo, Lou. "WHAT'S UP? The Very Last Solar Eclipse!". NASA. Archived from the original on 2017-08-22. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
"How to View the 2017 Solar Eclipse Safely". eclipse2017.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 2017-08-24. Retrieved 2017-08-24.
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sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov

Espenak, Fred (March 24, 2008). "World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Paths". NASA Eclipse web site. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on July 14, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Espenak, Fred (August 28, 2009). "Eclipses and the Saros". NASA Eclipse web site. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on May 24, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Espenak, Fred (July 11, 2005). "Eye Safety During Solar Eclipses". NASA Eclipse web site. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on July 16, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Espenak, Fred. "Solar Eclipses of Historical Interest". NASA Eclipse web site. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on March 9, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

education.gsfc.nasa.gov

NASA – Eclipse 99 – Frequently Asked Questions Archived 2010-05-27 at the Wayback Machine – There is a mistake in the How long will we continue to be able to see total eclipses of the Sun? answer, "...the Sun's angular diameter varies from 32.7 minutes of arc when the Earth is at its farthest point in its orbit (aphelion), and 31.6 arc minutes when it is at its closest (perihelion)." It should appear smaller when farther, so the values should be swapped.

spaceplace.nasa.gov

"How Is the Sun Completely Blocked in an Eclipse?". NASA Space Place. NASA. 2009. Archived from the original on 2021-01-19. Retrieved 2019-09-01.

sunearthday.nasa.gov

"Transit of Venus, Sun–Earth Day 2012". nasa.gov. Archived from the original on January 14, 2016. Retrieved February 7, 2016.

nasa.gov

Johnson-Groh, Mara (10 August 2017). "Five Tips from NASA for Photographing the Total Solar Eclipse on Aug. 21". NASA. Archived from the original on 18 August 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2017.

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apod.nasa.gov

Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (August 30, 1999). "Looking Back on an Eclipsed Earth". Astronomy Picture of the Day. NASA. Retrieved January 15, 2012.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Dobson, Roger (August 21, 1999). "UK hospitals assess eye damage after solar eclipse". British Medical Journal. 319 (7208): 469. doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7208.469. PMC 1116382. PMID 10454393.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Dobson, Roger (August 21, 1999). "UK hospitals assess eye damage after solar eclipse". British Medical Journal. 319 (7208): 469. doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7208.469. PMC 1116382. PMID 10454393.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Koukkos, Christina (May 14, 2009). "Eclipse Chasing, in Pursuit of Total Awe". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 26, 2018. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Pasachoff, Jay M. (July 10, 2010). "Why I Never Miss a Solar Eclipse". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 26, 2018. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
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rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org

Gray, S. L.; Harrison, R. G. (2012). "Diagnosing eclipse-induced wind changes". Proceedings of the Royal Society. 468 (2143): 1839–1850. Bibcode:2012RSPSA.468.1839G. doi:10.1098/rspa.2012.0007. Archived from the original on 2015-03-04. Retrieved 2015-03-04.

rte.ie (Global: 491^st place; English: 318^th place)

Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí (13 May 2020). "Reeling in the years: why 664 AD was a terrible year in Ireland". rte.ie. Archived from the original on 2021-01-08. Retrieved January 9, 2021.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Beckman, J.; Begot, J.; Charvin, P.; Hall, D.; Lena, P.; Soufflot, A.; Liebenberg, D.; Wraight, P. (1973). "Eclipse Flight of Concorde 001". Nature. 246 (5428): 72–74. Bibcode:1973Natur.246...72B. doi:10.1038/246072a0. S2CID 10644966.
Humphreys, C. J.; Waddington, W. G. (1983). "Dating the Crucifixion". Nature. 306 (5945): 743–746. Bibcode:1983Natur.306..743H. doi:10.1038/306743a0. S2CID 4360560.
Wang, Qian-shen; Yang, Xin-she; Wu, Chuan-zhen; Guo, Hong-gang; Liu, Hong-chen; Hua, Chang-chai (2000). "Precise measurement of gravity variations during a total solar eclipse". Physical Review D. 62 (4): 041101(R). arXiv:1003.4947. Bibcode:2000PhRvD..62d1101W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.62.041101. S2CID 6846335.
Yang, X. S.; Wang, Q. S. (2002). "Gravity anomaly during the Mohe total solar eclipse and new constraint on gravitational shielding parameter". Astrophysics and Space Science. 282 (1): 245–253. Bibcode:2002Ap&SS.282..245Y. doi:10.1023/A:1021119023985. S2CID 118497439.

skyandtelescope.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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space.com (Global: 936^th place; English: 713^th place)

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sydneyobservatory.com.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

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time.com (Global: 61^st place; English: 54^th place)

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timeanddate.com (Global: 1,373^rd place; English: 1,090^th place)

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ucar.edu (Global: 7,843^rd place; English: 5,892^nd place)

www2.hao.ucar.edu

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web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"What is an eclipse?". European Space Agency. Archived from the original on 2018-08-04. Retrieved 2018-08-04.
Five solar eclipses occurred in 1935.NASA (September 6, 2009). "Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses". NASA Eclipse Web Site. Fred Espenak, Project and Website Manager. Archived from the original on April 29, 2010. Retrieved January 26, 2010.
Koukkos, Christina (May 14, 2009). "Eclipse Chasing, in Pursuit of Total Awe". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 26, 2018. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Pasachoff, Jay M. (July 10, 2010). "Why I Never Miss a Solar Eclipse". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 26, 2018. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Hipschman, Ron. "Why Eclipses Happen". Exploratorium. Archived from the original on December 27, 2015. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
NASA – Eclipse 99 – Frequently Asked Questions Archived 2010-05-27 at the Wayback Machine – There is a mistake in the How long will we continue to be able to see total eclipses of the Sun? answer, "...the Sun's angular diameter varies from 32.7 minutes of arc when the Earth is at its farthest point in its orbit (aphelion), and 31.6 arc minutes when it is at its closest (perihelion)." It should appear smaller when farther, so the values should be swapped.
Espenak, Fred (August 28, 2009). "Periodicity of Solar Eclipses". NASA Eclipse web site. Greenbelt, MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Espenak, Fred; Meeus, Jean (January 26, 2007). "Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000". NASA Eclipse web site. Greenbelt, MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
"How do eclipses such as the one on Wednesday 14 November 2012 occur?". Sydney Observatory. Archived from the original on 29 April 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2015.
"Solar Eclipses". University of Tennessee. Archived from the original on June 9, 2015. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
"How Is the Sun Completely Blocked in an Eclipse?". NASA Space Place. NASA. 2009. Archived from the original on 2021-01-19. Retrieved 2019-09-01.
"Eclipse: Who? What? Where? When? and How? | Total Solar Eclipse 2017". eclipse2017.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18. Retrieved 2017-09-21.
"Transit of Venus, Sun–Earth Day 2012". nasa.gov. Archived from the original on January 14, 2016. Retrieved February 7, 2016.
Espenak, Fred (September 26, 2009). "Solar Eclipses for Beginners". MrEclipse.com. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Espenak, Fred (January 6, 2009). "Central Solar Eclipses: 1991–2050". NASA Eclipse web site. Greenbelt, MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Verbelen, Felix (November 2003). "Solar Eclipses on Earth, 1001 BC to AD 2500". online.be. Archived from the original on August 3, 2019. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Stephenson, F. Richard (1997). Historical Eclipses and Earth's Rotation. Cambridge University Press. p. 54. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511525186. ISBN 0-521-46194-4. Archived from the original on 2020-08-01. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
"What are solar eclipses and how often do they occur?". timeanddate.com. Archived from the original on 2017-02-02. Retrieved 2014-11-23.
Walker, John (July 10, 2004). "Moon near Perigee, Earth near Aphelion". Fourmilab. Archived from the original on December 8, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2010.
Mayo, Lou. "WHAT'S UP? The Very Last Solar Eclipse!". NASA. Archived from the original on 2017-08-22. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
Chou, B. Ralph (July 11, 2005). "Eye safety during solar eclipses". NASA Eclipse web site. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Littmann, Mark; Willcox, Ken; Espenak, Fred (1999). "Observing Solar Eclipses Safely". MrEclipse.com. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
Chou, B. Ralph (January 20, 2008). "Eclipse Filters". MrEclipse.com. Archived from the original on November 27, 2020. Retrieved January 4, 2012.
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Needham, Joseph (1986). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 3. Taipei: Caves Books. pp. 411–413. OCLC 48999277.

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Dyson, F.W.; Eddington, A.S.; Davidson, C.R. (1920). "A Determination of the Deflection of Light by the Sun's Gravitational Field, from Observations Made at the Solar eclipse of May 29, 1919". Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A. 220 (571–81): 291–333. Bibcode:1920RSPTA.220..291D. doi:10.1098/rsta.1920.0009. Archived from the original on November 3, 2020. Retrieved August 27, 2019.

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